Signal Transmission System Research Articles

Water Motion Safety Recognition and Monitoring System Based on the Wireless Signal Transmission

Motion process monitoring is the core component of motion state analysis system and motion safety assurance system. For the water sport, implementation of monitoring is directly related to the safety and security of sportsmen, which is more significant. This paper presents a kind of underwater sports safety monitoring system based on radar idea. The system consists of four parts: video acquisition, image processing, data sample comparison and signal transmission. Reasonable cameras are used to capture the whole swimming pool, and then the motion information parameters of the swimmers are obtained by image segmentation and tracking, and compared with the standard drowning behavior parameters, so as to determine whether the swimmers are drowning or not. If it is judged that a person may be drowning, the system will send out a corresponding rescue signal, which will quickly alert and notify rescuers through the wireless signal transmission system, so as to rescue those who may be drowning, so as to enhance the safety of people’s movement in the water. The drowning behavior is identified by the established drowning feature data sample set, which avoids the occurrence of invisible drowning events that are difficult to detect. By using the high-speed DSP, the data processing and alarm system’s timely response can be realized, which greatly shortens the rescue time, directly improves the survival probability of drowning and reduces the physiological damage. The design of the monitoring system will eventually help the lifeguards to complete the task of underwater movement safety.

Initial report of \u03b3-aminobutyric acidergic locomotion regulatory system and its 3-mercaptopropionic acid-sensitivity in metamorphic juvenile of sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus

The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signal transmission system (GSTS) contributes to larval swimming through the regulation of ciliary beating. However, whether this system also contributes to the primary podia (PP)-generated motility of juveniles remained unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the involvement of the GSTS in the motility of metamorphic juveniles (juveniles) (1) by immunohistochemically elucidating the location of molecular constituents of the PP, and (2) by inhibiting the activity of GΑΒΑ decarboxylase (GAD) with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA). During metamorphosis, the echinus rudiment protrudes its PP out of the body surface in 8-arm plutei. The PP expresses immunopositive signal (-IS) of GAD, GABA, GABAA receptor and tropomyosin, and is constituted with the GABA-IS negative distal tip and the GABA/GAD-IS gaiter region. The latter radiates distal projections to the disc that contains a GAD-IS cellular network. The juvenile body cavity houses a GABA/βIII-tubulin-IS Penta-radial ring (PrR) that extends branches into each PP and several bridges to the GAD/GABA-IS Penta-radial plate (PrP) on the oral side but does not reach to the gaiter region. 3-MPA reversibly inhibits the juvenile motility and GABA-IS expression in the PrR/PrP complex. This indicates that the complex is the major contributor to the GABAergic motility in juveniles.

Simple Noise Mitigation Scheme for Coherent Optical DMT Signal Transmission System

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a noise mitigation scheme for coherent optical discrete multitone (DMT) signal transmission system. The proposed scheme can mitigate the laser phase noise and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) simultaneously when optical DMT signal is coherently detected. In the digital signal process (DSP), the laser phase noise is first estimated and compensated through moving average filter. The AWGN is then reduced by considering the time-domain real-valued or frequency-domain symmetrical conjugation characteristic of DMT signal. Finally, we conduct an experiment to transmit dual-polarization (DP-) DMT signal based on a low complexity coherent detection structure with only two pairs of input and output ports. The experimental results prove that the proposed scheme can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and effectively reduce the effect of laser phase noise even the laser linewidth is as large as 10 MHz. The DP-DMT signal is successfully transmitted over 1920-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) in the experimental demonstration. The analysis of computational complexity also indicates that the proposed DSP scheme requires less number of complex multiplication operations and has larger laser phase noise tolerance than other DSP schemes.

Features of construction of the scheme of fiber-optic communication system for transmission of analog signals in the frequency range from 0.135 to 40 GHz

The paper presents the design of a fiber-optic microwave signal transmission line. The use of the developed design of a fiber-optic microwave transmission line allows the radar operating frequency range to be at least doubled. In addition, the number of functional blocks is reduced to ensure the operation of the radar in this frequency range. The results of experimental studies are presented.

Concept of control and data acquisition system for modern digital power substation

The article deals with the issue of standardization of approach to definition of modern digital substation is considered. The approaches proposed and partially implemented by equipment manufacturers are described, such as data collection and processing by means of relay protection and automation with the use of proprietary algorithms, wireless and optical current and voltage sensors, etc. The authors propose the use of a unified system for collecting and processing data generated and used in the operation of an electric substation. The structure of the signal transmission system for the main groups of electrical power equipment is described, the requirements for the predictive diagnostics system that allows maintaining the equipment based on its technical condition are described.

Волоконно-оптична система для передачі сигналів в промислових мережах систем управління сучасних промислових підприємств

Волоконно-оптична система для передачі сигналів в промислових мережах систем управління сучасних промислових підприємств

Electroacoustic evaluation of pediatric-focused hearing assistive devices/systems in different digital signal transmission arrangements

Pediatric-focused hearing assistive devices/systems (HADS) are intended to facilitate hearing by providing amplification of an acoustic signal and/or improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for children with hearing loss. Digital modulated (DM) signal transmission systems operate on a 2.4 GHz bandwidth and transmit signals directly from the speaker to the listener. Little is known about changes in electroacoustic performance of the hearing aid when receiving digital transmitted signals. The purpose of this study was to examine the electroacoustic characteristics of pediatric-focused HADS in three digital transmission arrangements with two transmitters and two behind-the-ear hearing aids. The three arrangements included (1) direct audio input (2) proprietary digital streaming, and (3) induction loop. Comparisons were made per ANSI/ASA S3.47 standard for measurement of HADS as well as the electroacoustic transparency based on 2011 American Academy of Audiology Clinical Practice Guidelines. Electroacoustic analysis across HADS in different digital transmission arrangements revealed variable results. Adjustments were necessary for some arrangements for optimal signal transmission. This supports the critical need of electroacoustic evaluation for HADS.Pediatric-focused hearing assistive devices/systems (HADS) are intended to facilitate hearing by providing amplification of an acoustic signal and/or improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for children with hearing loss. Digital modulated (DM) signal transmission systems operate on a 2.4 GHz bandwidth and transmit signals directly from the speaker to the listener. Little is known about changes in electroacoustic performance of the hearing aid when receiving digital transmitted signals. The purpose of this study was to examine the electroacoustic characteristics of pediatric-focused HADS in three digital transmission arrangements with two transmitters and two behind-the-ear hearing aids. The three arrangements included (1) direct audio input (2) proprietary digital streaming, and (3) induction loop. Comparisons were made per ANSI/ASA S3.47 standard for measurement of HADS as well as the electroacoustic transparency based on 2011 American Academy of Audiology Clinical Practice Guidelines. Electroacoustic...

An effective digitized GPS signal transmission for high temporal precision IoT services

Owing to its potential applications such as military, industrial and civilian areas, most researchers and manufacturers pay attention to develop diverse smart devices. However, as the number of diverse smart devices such as smartphone and smart TV in a smart home as well as intelligent devices in smart factory, the time synchronization becomes more and more important. The GPS signals provided by the satellites are regarded as a promising source for an effective reference clock. In this work, we propose an efficient GPS signal transmission over an optical fiber. Of particular, we developed a digitized GPS signal transmission system based on D-RoF. Our implemented system supports the delay transmission to calibrate the delay time caused by an optical fiber. Our experiments conducted with our implemented system demonstrate the effectiveness of the GPS signal transmission with D-RoF as well as the accuracy of the delay transmission technique proposed in this work. Our study is essential to collaborate with multifarious intelligent devices accurately and can be applied to not only IoT but also diverse industry sectors.

Fabrication of ZnSe/InP Heterojunctions on Flat and Shaped Surfaces of InP Laser Crystals

We have studied the growth of zinc selenide layers on flat and shaped indium phosphide surfaces. The growth rate of zinc selenide has been shown to depend on substrate orientation. It has been shown that the present results can be useful in designing mesa stripe structures for quantum electronic instruments. We have fabricated mesa stripe laser diodes operating on the absorption band of methane and suitable for producing fiber-optic signal transmission systems.

Integration system of photon-assisted W-band millimeter wave wireless communication and free space optical communication based on OFDM signal transmission

Abstract In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel multi-access orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal transmission system for free space optical communication and photon-assisted W-band millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication. This new structure can combine the advantages of the free space optical communication and the W-band mm-wave wireless communication. Besides, the OFDM signal with high spectral efficiency and anti-interference capability can improve the data transmission rate and flexibility. Furthermore, it can adapt to the requirements of different communication scenarios. Utilizing the intra-symbol frequency-domain averaging (ISFA) technique and the discrete Fourier transform-spread (DFT-Spread) technique, 1Gbaud 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) OFDM signal is transmitted successfully with the distance of 100 m for single-mode fiber (SMF), 100 m for FSO link and 4 m for wireless. The BER is under the soft-decision Forward Error Correction (SD-FEC) threshold of 2 × 10−2. To our knowledge, this is the first time to realize the transmission of OFDM signal in the integration system of free space optical communication and photon-assisted W-band mm-wave communication.

Design of Time Sequence Discharging Control System for Pulse Power Supply Modules

As the development of pulse power technology, the pulse power supply modules (PPSMs) are widely used in areas of scientific research, medical treatment, industry, military, and geological prospecting. In these areas, more and more energy is needed and the number of PPSM is increasing rapidly, and the accurate pulse discharging waveforms are required in some applications. How to control so many PPSM to discharge in a precise time sequence effectively becomes one of the key points in the pulse power technology. According to the requirements of a pulse discharging velocity source, a time sequence discharging control system is designed, which can control 30 PPSMs to discharge in a precise time sequence. In this control system, the digital signal processor (DSP) is used as the main control chip. The high-speed photoelectric converters and optical fibers are used as the trigger signals transmission system. The time sequence can be set by using the upper computer software, and the accuracy of the trigger pulses can reach to the microsecond level. This control system is used in the actual experiments of the speed source, and the results proved that the control system is effective.

FPGA-Based Binary Labeling Signal Transmission System

FPGA-Based Binary Labeling Signal Transmission System

Self-powered, flexible and remote-controlled breath monitor based on TiO2 nanowire networks

Smart breath monitor devices with high stretchability, fast response/recovery times and self-powered characteristic are essential in the wearable medical and life science applications. In this work, we report on the development of a versatile high-performance humidity sensor based on TiO2 nanowire networks for self-powered sensing application of human breath monitoring. These sensors, with typical response times of ∼3.6 s and recovery times of ∼14 s, exhibit high sensitivity to water vapor and can yield an output voltage that is directly proportional to the humidity level of ambient environment. The structure of nanowire networks is highly flexible and maintains the output voltage even after 10 000 times bending. By combining this type of sensor with a commercial signal transmission and processing system, it shows the good basis for real-time/remote-controlled monitoring and analysis of human breath under a variety of respiratory conditions. Our results suggest a new class of humidity sensing for self-powered biomedical devices and open to new technologies in energy, electronics, and sensor applications.

The IFN-λ Pony Express.

The mechanisms by which the cytokine IFN-λ regulates adaptive immune responses are poorly understood. A new study now reveals a novel IFN-λ-mediated signal-transmission system that enhances immunity after infection of the mouse respiratory tract with influenza virus.

INCREASING THE SPECIFIC RATE OF CONTINUOUS PHASE MODULATION SIGNALS

A method has been developed for increasing the specific rate of frequency modulation signals with a continuous phase based on the use of the properties of composite Walsh-Barker sequences. The proposed method is applicable for multi-position signals. Simultaneously, the tasks of synchronization and registration of processing results are solved. The increase in the efficiency of digital signal transmission systems is theoretically justified.

Multiplexed OAM Wave Communication With Two-OAM-Mode Antenna Systems

In order to improve the channel capacity, waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in communication systems have attracted much attention. A two-OAM-mode antenna system, which works at 2.4 GHz, is proposed in this paper. And a signal transmission experiment is performed based on a pair of the proposed antenna systems. The proposed antenna system, which has the planar structure, is composed of two patch antenna arrays, two feeding networks, and one common ground plane. Then, reflection coefficients, transmission coefficients, radiation patterns, and phase distributions of the proposed antenna system are measured, and the measurement results verify the effectiveness of this antenna system in generating two OAM modes (OAM mode 1 and OAM mode 2). The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Then, the signal transmission system is built based on a pair of the proposed antenna systems. Isolation between the OAM mode 1 transceiver channel and the OAM mode 2 transceiver channel is more than 20 dB. Video signals modulated by filter bank multicarrier are de-modulated simultaneously at the receiving terminal. It means that the two-OAM-mode antenna system has the potential to enhance the channel capacity.

Research on the Device Design for Calculation Distribution Line Loss Based on Dynamic Three-phase Unbalance Degree

For the power distribution network line loss calculation, there are some problems, such as backward method, long calculation period, large workload and poor real-time performance. To this end, this paper proposes a real-time calculation method for distribution line loss based on dynamic three-phase unbalance, and a hardware device system with unbalanced phase sequence identification function, three-phase unbalance detection function and line loss real-time calculation function has been developed. The system uses a master-slave design based on the principle of wireless transmission. The slave collects standard three-phase current signals and transmits them to the host through wireless transmission. The host is installed on the low voltage side of the transformer in the transformer region, and the current signal of the transformer region is collected in real time. Unbalanced phase sequence identification, unbalance calculation, and line loss calculation based on dynamic unbalance are performed by comparing the current signals collected by the master and the slave. The above algorithm implementation process can be displayed online in real time. In addition to the core data processing and waveform display functions, the device also includes a battery power supply and management system, a signal storage and transmission system, and temperature measurement, and overcurrent and overvoltage protection. The test results of the device show that the device has the characteristics of convenient carrying, fast detection of three-phase unbalance, and accurate calculation of line loss. The device can monitor the running status of the distribution network transformer region in real time.

Distant monitoring of entangled macro-objects

The paper discusses application of long-range signal transmission system for distant monitoring of entangled macro-objects. The 'activity index' is introduced as a characteristic of distant objects and its meaning is analysed for different experimental and environmental conditions. Probabilistic parameters of non-local measurements, methods for increasing their reproducibility and reliability, as well as various configurations of the measuring system are described. The results of calibration and control experiments with geographic, physical, biological and symbolic objects are represented. The system enables testing entangled macro-objects on possessing specific features/properties measured by multiple devices in parallel. Distant monitoring can be used as part of a system conducting interactions with biological objects, as well as for independent usage as diagnostic or surveillance equipment.

准分子激光系统中模拟信号的传输方法

Several analog signal transmission system under harsh electromagnetic interference environment was introduced, and a method of transmission was designed. Firstly, the analog signal was converted into a frequency signal through the detector and sent through the fiber transmitter. Secondly, the fiber signal was received and the frequency of the optical signal was measured within the configurable regularized time and then the analog signal was calculated instead of using the traditional method which converted analog signal to digital signal after frequency-to-voltage conversion. This system not only got the reduced total conversion time and improved response speed, but also can obtain different precision according to system requirements by adjusting converting time. Tested on a 248 nm KrF excimer laser, the system realized high-precision online monitoring of the slow-changing working gas pressure signal compared with traditional method, and then it also measured the fast-responsed energy signal of pulse laser up to 90 Hz well. By calculating the Pearson coefficient, the acquired value of the scheme tends to be consistent with the original signal to meet the application requirements.

Seamless Convergence of Fiber and Wireless Systems for 5G and Beyond Networks

We propose different fronthaul systems for facilitating future mobile networks based on the seamless convergence of fiber-optic and wireless systems in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands. First, a flexible and high-performance wireless fronthaul system is proposed through an encapsulation of radio signals onto a converged fiber–mmWave system. A simultaneous transmission of three radio signals over the system is successfully demonstrated. Second, a high-performance optical self-heterodyne system is proposed and demonstrated for the generation and transmission of radio access signals in high-frequency bands. Third, a high-spectral-efficiency optical fronthaul system for the simultaneous transmission of multiple radio signals in different frequency bands is proposed using a subcarrier-multiplexing intermediate-frequency-over-fiber system. Satisfactory performance is experimentally confirmed for the transmission of three different radio signals in the microwave and low- and high-mmWave bands. The proposed systems can overcome the challenges and bottlenecks of the current mobile fronthaul systems and can be useful in different usage scenarios of 5G and beyond networks.