Definition Of Sign Research Articles

Psychologism in the study of children’s semiotic development

Abstract This essay discusses the notion of ‘semiotic development in child development’ and highlights potential concerns for ‘psychologism’ when semiotics turns into cognitive semiotics. The notion of ‘semiotic development in child development’ indicates a transdisciplinary approach involving both semiotics, the general study of meaning and signs, and child psychology. This, however, invites the criticism of committing the fallacy of psychologism. Piaget was aware of this dilemma when developing his theory of the semiotic function as a united capacity in children’s cognitive development. Sonesson’s proposal of a general definition of signs in meaning-making is suggested to, at some points, meet the dilemma with psychologism in studies of children’s semiotic development. Starting from a phenomenological point of view in semiotics and integrating Piaget’s theory on cognitive development and meaning-making meet the study of subjectivity in intersubjectivity. On the one hand, the sign as a theoretical object is not reducible to any given psychological process or processes; on the other hand, sign meaning can only exist if there are beings (consciousnesses) capable of grasping and using signs.

Electrocardiogram at left bundle branch block

The article is devoted to the definition of electrocardiographic signs of left bundle branch block (LBBB) and its branches. Changes that occur on the ECG with these variants of blockades, as well as characteristic features against the background of acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy are described. The given material is based on modern recommendations for ECG analysis.

The Okubo–Weiss-type topological criteria in two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic flows

The Okubo–Weiss (Okubo, Deep-Sea Res., vol. 17, issue 3, 1970, pp. 445–454; Weiss, Physica D, vol. 48, issue 2, 1991, pp. 273–294) criterion has been widely used as a diagnostic tool to divide a two-dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamical flow field into hyperbolic and elliptic regions. This paper considers extension of these ideas to 2-D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows, and presents an Okubo–Weiss-type criterion to parameterize the magnetic field topology in 2-D MHD flows. This ensues via its topological connections with the intrinsic metric properties of the underlying magnetic flux manifold, and is illustrated by recasting the Okubo–Weiss-type criterion via the 2-D MHD stationary generalized Alfvénic state condition to approximate the slow-flow-variation ansatz imposed in its derivation. The Okubo–Weiss-type parameter then turns out to be related to the sign definiteness of the Gaussian curvature of the magnetic flux manifold. A similar formulation becomes possible for 2-D electron MHD flows, by using the generalized magnetic flux framework to incorporate the electron-inertia effects. Numerical simulations of quasi-stationary vortices in 2-D MHD flows in the decaying turbulence regime are then given to demonstrate that the Okubo–Weiss-type criterion is able to separate the MHD flow field into elliptic and hyperbolic field configurations very well.

Counseling on Stunting at Posyandu Harapan Nusa Banjarmasin

Stunting is a condition of failure to grow due to lack of nutrition over a long period of time. Another causal factor is the lack of monitoring and evaluation of family health practices as well as the mother's lack of knowledge regarding stunting prevention, causing stunting to still be a health problem in Indonesia. This activity aims to socialize the symptoms, causes, impacts and prevention of stunting to mothers at Posyandu Harapan Nusa. Health promotion will be held on Tuesday 10 October 2023, at 09.30-12.00 WITA. The health promotion method used is lectures with pretest and posttest evaluations using leaflets. The leaflet material contains the definition of stunting, signs and symptoms, causes, impacts and ways to prevent stunting. The results of the post-test conducted on 15 participants showed an increase from the pretest with an average of 74.67% to 89.33%. Based on this data, it shows that there was an increase in understanding after providing the material by 14.66%. This activity is expected to increase the knowledge of the mothers of the Harapan Nusa Banjarmasin posyandu group who can also become cadres to convey information about stunting. This activity is very important and is needed by the community to increase knowledge in an effort to reduce stunting rates, especially in the Banjarmasin area.

Параметрическая трансформация квадратичного функционала в линейной системе управления

A linear-quadratic problem on a set of piecewise linear controls is considered. The control quality criterion is determined by indefinite matrices and contains control parameters for quadratic forms. A procedure for searching parameters based on the problem of minimizing the condition function of a general matrix of quadratic form with a restriction in the form of the condition of its sign definiteness. As a result of such regularization, the initial objective function acquires the property of strong convexity or concavity with all the positive consequences in terms of the effective solution of the corresponding optimization problems. An illustrative example is given that demonstrates the analytical solution of a parametric problem.

Sign languages and Deaf Communities

This paper aims to shed light the concept of signed languages globally, developing documented approaches to their nature, definition, and development, and drawing comparisons with spoken languages. Like spoken languages, signed languages are living languages with distinct rules and grammatical structures.It also sheds light on the societal culture of the users of this language, who are the deaf. They have a unique linguistic specificity that affects and is influenced by the environment and surroundings, which is why there are multiple societal and linguistic cultures. This paper will address the stages of development of sign languages in the Arab region and worldwide, focusing on the efforts to document, disseminate, and expand their knowledge among the hearing community.It will also present a definition of international signs and Arabic signs that are used as a means of communication in Arab and international forums and symposiums.

Before addressing the question of determining the characteristics of insurance services

This article deals with issues related to the definition of signs of insurance services. In modern conditions, significant transformations are taking place in almost all sectors of our country, including insurance. The object of the insurance market is the insurance service, which has a number of features. The study of various aspects of the concept of «insurance» is of theoretical and practical importance. In theoretical terms, it makes it possible to improve the internal structure of the insurance institution. Its practical significance lies in the direct impact on the rule-making process in the field of legal regulation of the insurance business and its organization. To achieve these goals, first of all, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of this type of service, since it is impossible to consider insurance services in isolation from the selection of their characteristics. In modern scientific literature, the concept of insurance is usually considered in several aspects: economic - as a system of economic relations regarding the formation of centralized and decentralized funds of funds necessary to cover the unforeseen needs of society; material - as a type of created monetary or material funds that are used to compensate for damage resulting from natural disasters and other unforeseen circumstances; legal - as a set of social relations arising from the creation and use of the insurance fund and mediated by the rule of law For law enforcement practice, the consideration of insurance as a legal category is of the greatest importance. To do this, we will attempt to establish the signs of insurance services.

Current global trends in the study of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of chronic endometritis

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific information on the problem of chronic endometritis (CE) today. CE is a mysterious, multifactorial disease, the etiology, pathogenesis, and optimal treatment of which have not yet been definitively determined.Endometrial inflammation is a complex part of its physiology that is finely regulated by the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms and is involved in all reproductive events.Chronic inflammation stimulates hormone-independent cell proliferation, suppression of apoptosis processes, activation of tumor growth factors, invasion, tumor angiogenesis, and neovasculogenesis. The transformation of the inflammatory process occurs due to chronic leukocyte infiltration. The chronic inflammatory process provokes the development of dystrophic changes in the epithelium, the infiltration of the stroma by leukocytes and the destruction of intercellular contacts, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the hermetic function of the epithelium and a violation of the differentiation of epithelial cells during the process of metaplasia. This process is accompanied by a disturbance of local humoral immunityMetabolic disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity have also been found to overactivate the immune system, causing leukocyte activation with increased numbers of their proinflammatory phenotypes, which explains the susceptibility to chronic inflammatory diseases.Infectious agents should no longer be considered the sole cause of CE. Any condition that disrupts the balance of the immune system can lead to temporary, recurrent, or persistent CE. The last one can have various dangerous clinical and paraclinical consequences.To date, there are no recommendations that would provide proper analysis or treatment of endometrial inflammation. Therefore, the definition of clinical signs for the assessment of the global risk of development of CE for female patients is relevant. The clinical assessment of the patient’s condition should take into account her age, lifestyle, body mass index, blood pressure, atopy, stress factor, signs of chronic inflammation, as well as history of diseases mediated by inflammation.Further research into this pathological condition and the development of effective ways to prevent it are particularly relevant, which can contribute to the improvement of women’s reproductive health and their fertility.

초등학생의 등호에 대한 의미 이해에 따른 등식 구조 이해 및 해결 전략 분석

The purpose of this study is to explore in what ways students' understanding of the equal sign affects their understanding of equation-structure and equation-solving. For this purpose, a questionnaire of the equal sign was developed, and a total of 450 students from the 20 fourth-grade classes were selected as research participants. Based on the results, we categorized students' understanding of the equal sign into three groups: sameness, answer, and substitution, and compared and contrasted their answer rates and solution strategies in equation-structure and equation-solving items. The overall results showed that the students of substitution, sameness, and answer were more successful in solving items and could employ more relational strategies. We also analyzed students' written definitions of the equal sign and found a need to refine them. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for how to address and teach the equal sign to elementary school students.

등호의 관계적 이해를 강조한 수업에 따른 초등학교 2학년 학생들의 등호 이해 분석

This study aimed to analyze how second graders understand the equal sign after learning the unit of addition and subtraction reconstructed to enhance their relational understanding. Apropos this, two classes of students participated in this study, and completed both the pre-and post-test on the understanding of the equal sign. The results of this study showed that the intervention of lessons led to a statistically significant increase in the correct answer rate for almost all items dealing with equal sign definition, equation structure, and equation-solving. Specifically, in the comparison between the pre-and post-test, more students regarded the equal sign as “the same” or “can be exchanged,” whereas fewer students regarded it as an “answer to the problem.” Students could also employ relational strategies more often than operational or computational strategies. This paper concludes with implications on teaching and measuring students’ understanding of the equal sign.

Biosemiotics and Peirce

Abstract Peirce’s final statements on the sign were consigned in various ways over a hundred years ago as a form of logic, a branch of the science of enquiry based upon observation. This means inevitably that some parts of the theory will have been contested or considered superseded by more recent pronouncements on cognitive activity in general, both within and without the field of semiotics. Two such areas that have been host to innovative developments concern central preoccupations of the entire Peircean edifice: the basic unit of semiotics and its function, and ways of looking. First, following Thomas Sebeok’s pioneering integration of semiotics and the biological theories of Jakob von Uexküll, biosemiotics, it is claimed, has espoused a Peircean approach to the definitions of sign and semiosis. Second, observation involves the relation between the observer and the object observed, and, as a theoretical consequence, the relation between an organism and its environment, von Uexküll’s Umwelt. In view of the importance accorded Peircean semiotic theory in this more recent science, the paper compares and contrasts aspects of the later theory with the earlier, and concludes that there are significant theoretical differences between the two conceptions of the sign and its theoretical implications.

Particular features of a semiotic approach in transmedia franchises study

The article is devoted to the revealing of semiotic approach specificity in the study of media franchises as the results of transmedia storytelling. The transmedia franchises’ research needs a certain revision of some semiotic notions. In particular, the present article deals with the study of iconic signs’ functioning in the media franchises. The classic definition of iconic sign proposed by Ch. S. Peirce and based on some similarity of icon and its object, seems to contradict to the fictional text characteristics as “denotation without denotate” made by G. Gennette, which means that signs of a fiction work don’t have referents in the extratextual reality. In the article the attempt was made to eliminate this collision, using the understanding of the iconic sign by Umberto Eco, on the one hand, and the principle of “minimal departure” by M.-L. Ryan, on the other. The article concludes that the products of fiction are often nothing more than a result of combination of existing objects or of their parts that creates the illusion of a realism of the fictional world’ characters and locations and retains the credibility of the audience members. The article also deals with the specificity of the notion “semiosis” in the transmedia franchises study. In the case of a fictional world that is constantly expanding and detailing thanks to transmedia storytelling, we are dealing with a specific, transmedia semiosis, in which each new work of the franchise is a kind of interpretant for the other texts included in it.

Electrocardiogram in hypertrophy of the heart

The article is devoted to the definition of electrocardiographic signs of hypertrophy of different parts of the heart. The changes that occur on the ECG with hypertrophy of the atria and ventricles, as well as with combined hypertrophies, are described. The given material is based on European and American recommendations for ECG analysis in hypertrophy and management of patients with arterial hypertension, as well as new criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy, which are described in modern literature.

A Study on Rock Paintings in the Yinshan Mountains from the Perspective of Peirce’s Semiotics

The Yinshan rock painting is an extremely important one. A large number of rock paintings in this mountain range record the nomadic life of ancient ancestors and express their emotional beliefs. They show the self feelings of the ancestors by using symbolic figures, animals, celestial bodies, signs and other ways, reflecting the living conditions of the ancestors of various nationalities who once lived in the Yinshan Mountain area. As a “meaningful form” left over from ancient times, the Yinshan rock paintings are signs of human communication of cultural information. Therefore, it is very objective and meaningful to interpret the Yinshan rock paintings from the perspective of semiotics. Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotics, is an interpretation of meaning, representamen, interpretant. Based on the analysis of Peirce’s definition of signs and the relationship between signs and objects, this paper interprets the Yinshan rock paintings from the perspective of semiotics, explores its rich connotation, and understands the life, belief and historical development of Mongolian ancestors.

Архетип национальной уголовно-процессуальной системы и прокурор как ее доминантный субъект

The article proposes the author's definition and classification of primary and secondary signs of the national criminal procedural and legal organization of combating crime, as well as their manifestation in the legal status of the leading participant in pre-trial proceedings. The author concludes about the uniqueness of the modern form of pre-trial proceedings, which has become an organic part of the positive-legal criminal procedure model and doctrine. The legal organization of pre-trial and criminal proceedings as a whole is the result of balanced political forces. It is the political choice of the elite and, at the same time, an indicator of the real involvement in the political and legal processes of society. Now, a strong presidential power needs a strong accusatory power of the prosecutor's office. The investigative power must be subordinated to the power of the prosecutor: supervision over the procedural activities of investigators and bodies of inquiry is a form of prosecutor's management of law application in the pre-trial stages. The article presents a compromise concept of the investigative-prosecuting authority as the basis for optimizing the legal model of pre-trial proceedings and the entire legal system for combating crime. The specificity of the Russian investigative model of the legal organization of pre-trial proceedings is manifested in the separation of powers of two kinds: (1) the separation of the investigative-prosecuting and judicial powers and (2) the separation of the prosecutorial and investigative powers - the latter is redundant and does not correlate with the system of separation of powers in a legal state. The prosecutor and the investigator are the subjects of criminal prosecution, in relation to which the judiciary acts as a restraining force. It is the unity, not division, of the investigative and prosecutorial power in pre-trial proceedings that should be discussed. The one who conducts pre-trial proceedings with installed institutions of prosecution and evidence manages the criminal proceedings as a kind of “leading subject.” All other subjects, including the court, which is passive in the accusatory, that is, proactive plan, are followers. The prosecutor has a special position in the process, since he/she has exclusive powers regarding the transfer of a criminal case to court. The procedural role of the prosecutor has an inter-stage, general procedural character. Hence the author concludes about the superiority of the accusatory power of the prosecutor, which extends to pre-trial proceedings in relation to both the accusation and its proof. The prosecutor's office, as the accusatory power of the state, should be the central element of the criminal procedural and legal organization for combating crime. The institutes of accusation and proof, subject to the prosecutor, should form the elementary basis of the legal organization of combating crime.

CHILD-VICTIM OF BULLYING AS AN OBJECT OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASSISTANCE

The article considers the problem of social and pedagogical assistance to children who are victims of bullying. Its purpose is to analyze the content of social and pedagogical assistance to children who are victims of bullying in an educational institution. Different positions on the phenomenon of bullying and bullying structure are presented. Features and characteristics of bullying victims are analyzed. A portrait of a potential victim of bullying is presented through the definition of typical signs of a victim of bullying, emotional background and behavior of victims of bullying. The characteristics of the types of victims of bullying (passive, provocative, chronic), symptoms of bullying, signs of impact on the health of students, the consequences in future adult life. It is determined that assistance to children victims of bullying is an important area of social and pedagogical work, should be comprehensive and multilevel, not limited to work with a child who has become a victim of school bullying. The stages of social and pedagogical assistance are analyzed: diagnostic; individual assistance to students who are victims of bullying; group work, which is based on the system of interaction of students, class teacher, teachers and class, parents of bullies. It was found that social and pedagogical work with victims of bullying should be carried out using both traditional and innovative methods of work: conversations, individual consultations, correctional and developmental classes, group classes with elements of training, communication hours, etc. Because bullying is a deliberate, group, conscious, and organized process, it cannot be stopped without the intervention of professionals (educators, psychologists, social educators) and parents. This involves purposeful anti-bullying work, which requires the involvement of all available resources of the educational institution and the child’s environment.

Mother's Knowledge Level at Sukoharjo Healthy Pharmacy About Children's Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a disease whose morbidity and mortality rates are relatively high in the world. The world's diarrhoea cases are around 2.2 million of them have died predominantly in children under 5 years of age from cases of about 4 billion according to WHO. Mothers play an important role in taking care of children, especially when children experience diarrhea. If diarrhea occurs, the first mother will take action to treat it. The actions performed by a mother largely depend on the level of knowledge. The level of maternal knowledge about the definition of diarrhea, causes, signs and symptoms, impact, prevention and proper management plays an important role in reducing the rate of pain and death due to diarrhea in children. This research is very important to be carried out at Apotek Sehat Sukoharjo aims to find out the level of maternal knowledge at Apotek Sehat Sukoharjo about child diarrhea. The research conducted using quantitative descriptive methods, the total sample of 106 respondents. Data collection using purposive sampling technique. The instrument in this study was in the form of a questionnaire with 2 relative answers. The results of the research on the Level of Maternal Knowledge at The Sukoharjo Healthy Pharmacy about Child Diarrhea are good with a value of 78.30%.

Occult Fractures in Children with a Radiographic Fat Pad Sign of the Elbow: A Meta-Analysis of 10 Published Studies.

A radiographic fat pad sign after an elbow injury in children may indicate an occult fracture. Different incidences and locations of occult fractures have been reported. The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the overall rate of occult fractures in children with a positive fat pad sign from the data of original studies. Secondary objectives were to assess the fracture types and to identify risk factors for sustaining an occult fracture. A systematic literature search of the Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies on pediatric populations with a positive fat pad sign identified using a lateral elbow radiograph and with follow-up imaging were included in this meta-analysis. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias with use of the MINORS (Methodological Index for NOn-Randomized Studies) instrument. Ten studies with a total of 250 patients, of whom 104 had an occult fracture, were included. Accounting for heterogeneity between the studies, the overall occult fracture rate was 44.6% (95% confidence interval: 30.4% to 59.7%). The most common fracture locations were the supracondylar humerus (43%), proximal ulna (19%), proximal radius (17%), and lateral humeral condyle (14%). Definitions of a positive pad fad sign were not uniform among studies, and the follow-up imaging modality also varied (radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography). The average MINORS score was 10.1 for the 7 noncomparative studies and 18.7 for the 3 comparative studies, with both averages classified as moderate quality. We were not able to identify risk factors for an occult fracture in the presence of a positive fat pad sign. The occult fracture rate was 44.6% in pediatric elbow injuries with a positive fat pad sign. Supracondylar humeral fractures were the most frequently encountered type. The findings of this meta-analysis underline the potential clinical relevance of a positive fat pad sign in children and denote the opportunity for future studies to create evidence-based guidelines. Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

The Criteria Necessary to Achieve Formal Definitions of Sign and Symbol

The Criteria Necessary to Achieve Formal Definitions of Sign and Symbol

Is a substitute the same? Learning from lessons centering different relational conceptions of the equal sign.

Understanding of the equal sign is associated with early algebraic competence in the elementary grades and equation-solving success in middle school. Thus, it is important to find ways to build foundational understanding of the equal sign as a relational symbol. Past work promoted a conception of the equal sign as meaning “the same as”. However, recent work highlights another dimension of relational understanding—a substitutive conception, which emphasizes the idea that an expression can be substituted for another equivalent one. This work suggests a substitutive conception may support algebra performance above and beyond a sameness conception alone. In this paper, we share a subset of results from an online intervention designed to foster a relational understanding of the equal sign among fourth and fifth graders (n = 146). We compare lessons focused on a sameness conception alone and a dual sameness and substitutive conception to each other, and we compare both to a control condition. The lessons influenced students’ likelihood of producing and endorsing sameness and substitutive definitions of the equal sign. However, the impact of the lessons on students’ approaches to missing value equations was less clear. We discuss possible interpretations, and we argue that further research is needed to explore the roles of sameness and substitutive views of the equal sign in supporting structural approaches to algebraic equation solving.