Sieve Research Articles

Reading the Tea Leaves: Sifting through Jicarilla and Garner to Construct a Workable Fiduciary Exception Framework for ERISA Insurers

-

Photovoltaics literature survey (no. 149)

Photovoltaics literature survey (no. 149)

Preparation and Characterization of Yb Ion-Imprinted Polymers Based on MCM-41 Molecular Sieve Surface

Preparation and Characterization of Yb Ion-Imprinted Polymers Based on MCM-41 Molecular Sieve Surface

Обґрунтувaння пaрaметрiв рeшeта з щілинами непостійного розміру

Обґрунтувaння пaрaметрiв рeшeта з щілинами непостійного розміру

Understanding the Average Electron–Hole Pair-Creation Energy in Silicon and Germanium Based on Full-Band Monte Carlo Simulations

The thermalization process of sub-10-eV charge carriers is examined with treating carrier transport with full-band Monte Carlo simulations. The average energy loss (3.69 eV in Si and 2.62 eV in Ge) required to create a thermalized electron–hole pair, obtained from the simulations, is very close to the experimentally measured radiation–ionization energies of Si and Ge irradiated with high-energy particles. These results suggest that only interactions that occur after the radiation-generated charge carriers decay to energies of ~10 eV or less determine the fundamental property of the radiation–ionization energies. In addition to an energy loss equal to the band gap energy via impact ionization, acoustic-phonon emission, which has been omitted in prior work, contributes 30% of the remaining carrier energy loss, while optical-phonon emission contributes the other 70%.

Determining soil organic carbon concentration in agricultural fields using a handheld spectroradiometer: Implication for soil fertility measurement

The soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in plant growth and development, and therefore is considered as one of the most important indicators of soil quality. This study was carried out in the central region of Saudi Arabia to explore the potential of spectroscopy in determining the SOC concentration in low-fertility soils. Spectral reflectance data were collected, under the controlled laboratory conditions on 39 air-dried 2.0 mm sieved soil samples, using a handheld spectroradiometer of a wavelength range between 350 nm and 2500 nm in the direct contact probe mode. The concentration of the SOC was determined using the Walkley and Black (W&B) and the UV-VIS spectrophotometric methods. The increase in the concentration of SOC was associated with a decrease in the corresponding spectral reflectance. Regression analysis showed linear relationships with high significant correlation between the spectral reflectance and the SOC measured by both the UV-VIS (Model-1: R2=0.46, p=0.00015 and RMSE=6.6 g/kg) and the W&B (Model-2: R2=0.48, p=8.92E-05 and RMSE= 2.8 g/kg) methods. For these models, two wavebands with wavelengths of 2167 nm (Model-1) and 1359 nm (Model-2) were identified as the most sensitive bands to the SOC concentration. The cross-validation confirmed the validity of Model-1 with R2, p and RMSE values of 0.50, 0.0099 and 6.6 g/kg, respectively. The validation results of the Model-2 showed values of R2, p and RMSE of 0.72, 0.00023 and 4.0 g/kg, respectively. Results of this study revealed the possibility and the potential of using the spectral reflectance technique in predicting the concentration of SOC. Keywords: soil fertility, organic carbon, modeling, spectroscopy, reflectance DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181106.4061 Citation: Tola E, Al-Gaadi K A, Madugundu R, Kayad A G, Alameen A A, Edrees H F, et al. Determining soil organic carbon concentration in agricultural fields using a handheld spectroradiometer: Implication for soil fertility measurement. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 13–19.

Application Research on the Adsorption of Cadmium Ion in Wastewater by Zeolite Molecular Sieve

In this paper, the synthetic zeolite molecular sieve is used as the adsorbent to study the application of zeolite molecular sieves for the adsorption of cadmium ions in wastewater. It is found that the adsorption of cadmium ions in wastewater by zeolite molecular sieves reaches equilibrium at 90 min. In addition to the factor of time, temperature control is also the key to the adsorption of cadmium ions in wastewater by zeolite molecular sieves. In addition, the Langmuir model and the Freundilich model are used to describe the adsorption isotherm and it is discovered that the maximum adsorption capacity is 197.5 mg/g. When the pH value of the solution is 6, the adsorption capacity of cadmium ions in the wastewater by zeolite molecular sieves reaches the maximum value. In addition, the removal rate of cadmium ions in the wastewater will increase with the temperature. In summary, zeolite molecular sieves can effectively adsorb cadmium ions in wastewater. Therefore, zeolite molecular sieves have important application prospects in the treatment of cadmium ions in wastewater.

Clinical features and identification of gene mutation in families with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy

Objective To identify mutations in NDP, FZD4, LRP5, TSPAN12 in Chinese families with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) and observe the clinical features. Methods Retrospective case series study. The 9 patients (18 eyes) and 5 normal members from 4 unrelated families were included in the study. The patients medical history and family history were collected in detail. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus colorized photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Genomic DNA were collected from all the patients. Mutations were detected by directly sequencing to the whole coding region and exon-intron boundaries of NDP, FZD4, LRP5 and TSPAN12 gene. Polyphen and SIFT programs were used to predict the effects on the structure and functional properties of mutant protein. Results There were two affected individuals in the family 2 carried LRP5 gene mutation [c.1330C> T(p.R444C )] in exon 6 by sequence analysis. A score of 0.882 was acquired by Polyphen program analysis. And the missense change was predicted to be pathogenic by SIFT. Fundus changes of the proband showed angioplasia, tortuosity of peripheral vessels. And temporal dragging of the optic disc, peripheral avascular zone, neovascularization were found in FFA. Brush-like and straight of peripheral vessels were found in Ⅰ1. No variant was found in NDP, FZD4 and TSPAN12 gene. Conclusion Our study supports the gene mutation c.1330C> T (p.R444C) of LRP5 is pathogenesis of FEVR. Patients with the same mutation could have variable phenotypic characteristics. Key words: Retinal diseases/genetics; Retinal diseases/etiology; Genes; Mutation; Sequence analysis

Suitability of Local Soil for Low Volume Road Construction: The Case Study of Niger Delta Region, Nigeria.

This work describes the suitability of soils located in the Niger delta region of Nigeria for road construction. The soil classification tests as well as tests to determine the moisture-density relationship and shear strength tests were carried out in accordance with British Standards. Also, additional soil data in these localities were obtained from construction and consultancy firms. A total of eighty-three (83) soil data were collected and used for analysis. The sieve analysis indicates the absence of coarse sand grains and gravels, while the plasticity chart shows that most of the soils falls within the non-plastic and low plasticity regions. The range of the angle of internal friction and cohesion obtained from the tests are 2 to 43 0 and 3 to 82 KN/m 2 respectively. These soil properties are below specified limits for base and sub base materials and will require improvement is a necessity for road construction in the region.

Observation on the effect of body position intervention combined pronase in sifting gastroscopy

Objective To explore the application of body position intervention combined pronase in gastric mucosal cleaning in painless gastroscopy. Methods A total of 200 patients who underwent painless gastroscopy from July 2016 to July 2017 in the digestive endoscopy center were selected as the subjects. According to the random digital table method, the patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group of 100 cases. In the experimental group, before the gastroscope was examined, pronase plus Dimethicone Powder and lidocaine mucilage was used, and then the body position intervention (right supine 5 min-supine 5 min-left lying position 5 min) was examined, and the control group was taken Dimethicone Powder and Lido before the intensive examination. The caking mortar was then placed on the left side of the examination bed 15 min for examination. The upper gastrointestinal tract visual field definition and endoscopic operation time were compared between the two groups under magnifying endoscopy under white light and narrowband imaging. Results In the experimental group, 72.0% (72/100), 20.0% (20/100), 6.0% (6/100) and 2.0% (2/100) of A, B, C, D grade of the visual field clarity of mucosa under white light were better than 32.0% (32/100), 30.0% (30/100), 13.0% (13/100) and 25.0% (25/100) of the control group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ2= 39.54, P < 0.05). There were 0, 6, 29 and 65 cases of 1, 2, 3, 4 scores of microvascular visual field intelligibility scores under magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow band imaging in the experimental group, which were better than those in the control group (11, 31, 28 and 30 cases respectively). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Z=-6.07, P < 0.05). The examination time of the experimental group was (10.64 ± 3.83) minutes, which was lower than that of the control group (11.67 ± 4.89) minutes, and the difference was statistically significant (t=1.978, P < 0.05). Conclusions The effect of pronase as an anti mucilage agent combined with body position is obvious, and the effect of dispelling the mucus and removing the mucus is comprehensive, and it can effectively shorten the time of examination. It is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Posture intervention; Painless gastroscopy; Pronase; Visual clarity

Surface defect recognition for moderately thick plates based on a SIFT operator

Surface defect recognition for moderately thick plates based on a SIFT operator

Study of Clear Liquid Height and Dry Pressure Drop Models for Valve Trays

In this work, literature correlations developed for tray clear liquid height and dry pressure drop are analysed and compared with FRI published data. Four valve trays measured and published by FRI are used in the data analysis. For clear liquid height models, the fundamental Colwell (1979) correlation based on Francis’s equation was analysed. The Bennett (1983) model based on air-water data, the Hofhuis and Zuiderweg (1979) model based on spray regime and mixed-froth regime, the Dhulesia (1984) model based on V1 valve and air-water data, the Brambilla (1969) model based on air-water data, and the Glitsch (2013) from Koch-Glitsch Bulletin 4900 were also analysed and compared with each other.The dry tray pressure drop can be modelled by two ways. For the fixed valve tray and the sieve tray, an orifice type equation is used. The major difference between different researchers is the correlation for orifice constant. For the movable valve/float valve tray, the pressure drop curve is divided into three regions by the valve positions: fully closed region, partially open region, and fully open region. These three regions are determined by the closed balance point (CBP) and the open balance point (OBP). In this work, five literature models were analysed and compared with FRI data. Two of them are based on fixed valve tray or sieve tray (Smith and Van Winkle, Stichlmair), while the other three are based on movable valve tray (Glitsch, Klein, Bolles).In conclusion, this work studied the two hydraulic parameters for valve trays by analysing literature correlations with FRI measured data. Results show that most of the literature correlations under-predict the clear liquid height for the above four trays. Except for the models based on Francis’s theory, the literature correlations cannot predict the trend of the clear liquid height with the bubbling velocity. For the dry tray pressure drop, the three-region models give better prediction than orifice type models for the four valves in FRI database. This work provided a new thought and pathway for future model development.

A New Tray Efficiency Model: How Simple May It Be?

Engineers rarely apply the most rigorous tray efficiency models due to the significant effort required to implement them and due to their relative lack of accuracy. Rigorous traditional models require a good deal of information; and mechanistic models increase the complexity even further. In sharp contrast, O’Connell’s empirical but simple correlation is widely applied despite its shortcomings.This paper presents a simplified model based on the traditional approach that allows a process engineer to estimate the tray efficiency for sieve trays during the hydraulic design phase, when an equilibrium stage simulation is available. Despite the simplifications, the new model is more accurate than more modern methods and the O’Connell method.

Contextual working memory for trans-saccadic object recognition using reinforcement learning and informative local descriptors

Previous research on behavioural modelling of saccade-driven image interpretation (Henderson, 1982 Psychological Science 8 51 ^ 55) has emphasised the sampling of informative parts under visual attention to guide visual perception. We propose two major innovations to trans-saccadic object recognition: first, we model contextual tuning at the early visual processing stage. Salience in pre-processing is determined from descriptors in terms of local gradient histogram patterns - SIFT features (Lowe, 2004 International Journal of Computer Vision 60 91 ^ 110). SIFT features are scale-, rotation-, and to a high degree illumination-tolerant, in a substantial extension to previously used edge features (Rybak et al, 1998 Vision Research 38 2387 ^ 2400) or appearance patterns (Paletta et al, 2004 Perception 33 Supplement, 126). Descriptors that are informative with respect to an information theoretic framework (Fritz et al, 2004, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition volume 2, pp 15 ^ 18) are selected and weighted according to contextual salience. Second, we develop a behavioural strategy for saccade-driven information access, operating on contextually selected features and attention shifts, being performed in terms of a partially observable Markovian decision process and represented by a short-term working memory generating discriminative perception ^ action sequences. It is developed under exploration and reinforcement feedback using Q-learning, a machine-learning methodology representing operant conditioning. Saccadic targets are selected for attention only in a local neighbourhood of a currently focused descriptor. The learned strategy proposes next actions that support expected maximisation of reward, eg minimisation of entropy in posterior object discrimination. We demonstrate the performance of using the sensory ^motor context of trans-saccadic outdoor object recognition, efficiently identifying building facades from different viewpoints, distances, and varying illumination conditions.

Effects of adding radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) powder to rice cakes (Sulgidduk) on the quality

This study investigated the quality, antioxidant activities, and sensory properties of Sulgidduk (rice cakes) upon the addition of radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) powder, which is known to have antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. Radicchio powder was freeze-dried, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and used to replace 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 4% of the rice flour. The content of moisture in Sulgidduk did not significantly differ among samples (p<0.05). As the amount of radicchio powder increased, the pH value decreased slightly. Regarding color, the L-value decreased from 84.44 (control) to 45.91 (4% sample), and the a-value increased from -1.16 (control) to 5.20 (4% sample). The b-value increased from control to 2% samples, but then gradually decreased in the 3% and 4% samples. Though hardness and chewiness increased upon adding radicchio powder, the springiness and cohesiveness of the radicchio Sulgidduk samples were reduced when compared to these of the control samples (84.43% and 78.17%, respectively). Antioxidant activity of Sulgidduk increased significantly upon the addition of radicchio. For sensory evaluation, the 1% sample received the highest score (5.35) in overall acceptability. From these results, we determine that addition of 1% radicchio powder to Sulgidduk is suitable for producing the rice cake.

Synthesis of Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves by Ball Milling and Recrystallization

Synthesis of Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves by Ball Milling and Recrystallization

Berkman, D.A. Field Geologists’ Manual (Fourth Edition).Carlton, Victoria, Australia (Australasian Institute of Mining & Metallurgy: Monograph 9), 2001, 395 pp. Price from Aus $65 to $115.

The title and particularly the cover, with a picture of an auger, tape, sieves and sample bags suggest this might be a manual about how to do field geology but in fact it is very different; it is a mini encyclopaedia of geology. The purpose of the book is clearly explained; it is aimed at Australian geologists primarily working in the mining industry. It provides them with a wide range, but not great depth, of information on many relevant topics. The authors hope it might be of value to a wider audience. I have no personal knowledge of the Australian mining industry and hence could not pass judgement on …

Images and Symbols in the Novel Nectar in a Sieve

Images and Symbols in the Novel Nectar in a Sieve

Feature Extraction using SIFT for Privacy Preserving Over Encrypted Image

Feature Extraction using SIFT for Privacy Preserving Over Encrypted Image

Chemical homogeneity and particle size distribution of dairy cow TMR along the feeding alley with different mixing times

Following the concepts of precision feeding, the right components balance (Sova et al., 2014) and the correct particle size distribution (PSD, Khan et al., 2014) of total mixed ration (TMR) are essential for a complete homogeneity of the diet and are strongly influenced by adopted mixing time (MT, Humer et al., 2018, Schingoethe et al.,2017). The aim of the trial was to determine the influence of two MTs (MT1≤7min and MT2>7min) on the chemical homogeneity and PSD along the feeding alley. Diets were performed with a horizontal cutter-mixer wagon (Gulliver 4016, Sgariboldi), and TMR samples were collected from the beginning, middle and end of the feeding alley after discharge. Triplicate samples of the diet were collected for chemical composition analyses (moisture, CP, Ash, EE, NDF and ADF) and PSD evaluation (Heinrichs and Kononoff, 2002) over two months (two sampling/week). Statistical analysis was performed by a PROC MIXED for repeated measurements of SAS. MT1 evidenced a non-uniform distribution of moisture content along the feeding alley (P=0.05): lower moisture was found at the end than at the beginning and in the middle (47.55 vs 51.13 and 51.00%, respectively; P<0.01). No significant effects of MTs were recorded for other chemical parameters. The PSD showed trend to a higher retained amount of fibre in MT1 upper sieve (14.79 vs. 10.14%; P=0.06), while lower amount of feed was found in middle and bottom sieve than MT2 (38.9 and 12.81 vs 42.17 and 14.32%, respectively; P=0.08 and P=0.06). With respect to TMR distribution along the feeding alley, no differences were found between MT1 and MT2. Day of sampling evidenced significant variation both in chemical and physical composition (P<0.05). Obtained preliminary data evidenced the influence of MTs on composition and on PSD of the provided diet; results suggest to daily measure moisture of raw material in order to avoid negative changes in dry matter intake.