Feeling Of Sickness Research Articles

Glioblastoma multiforme de cerebelo: caso clínico

Cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme (CGM) accounts for less than 1% of all intracranial glioblastomas; it spreads quickly locally, above all towards the brain stem and adjacent leptomeninges, and has a poor prognosis. We report the case of a 55 year old patient who presented a continuous feeling of dizziness, instability and sickness, with occasionally vomiting and double vision that had started two months before being admitted to hospital. A physical exploration revealed hypaesthesia of the right side of the face, tactile and algesic hypaesthesia in the left side of the body and nystagmus in the bilateral horizontal gaze. Results of the general physical exploration were normal. A magnetic resonance (MR) brain scan revealed a 3 cm expansive lesion in the middle cerebellar peduncle and right cerebellar hemisphere, which was hypointense in T1 and hyperintense in T2. Administering contrast showed it to be heterogeneous, with irregular annular enhancement, and perilesional edema. Subtotal excision of the lesion was performed and pathological analysis allowed a diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme to be made; radio and chemotherapy were continued. CGM is infrequent and 46.7 years is the mean age of onset. 59% of tumours are located in the hemispheres, they tend to spread locally, and remote metastases have also been reported. Initial clinical manifestations are intracranial hypertension, and gait and balance disorders. Differential diagnosis is provided by MR and includes metastasis, infarction and abscesses. Treatment involves radical surgical excision followed by local radiotherapy. The use of chemotherapy has been reported but its role in the treatment of this entity is still not altogether clear.

Improving Assistive Technologies for the Visually Impaired: Minimizing the Side Effects of Magnification Products

This study focused on determining and minimizing the effects of motion sickness caused by feelings of vection during the use of magnification assistive technology (AT) products by the visually impaired. A prototype was developed that minimized hypothesized causes of vection in current magnification products. Data were collected from respondents to determine their current use, satisfaction and sickness levels when using magnification AT products. Participants then interacted with the prototype and similar data were collected. Results indicated that the prototype significantly reduced feelings of sickness and vection as compared to conventional AT magnification devices. Further research is warranted on other aspects of such devices that may contribute to adverse side effects.

Heart Failure Management

Norman Sharpe, ed 276 pp. London, UK: Martin Dunitz; 1999. $125.00. ISBN: 1-85317-867-5 Sayed Feghali, MD Texas Heart Institute Houston, Texas Heart Failure Management stands out from other books of its kind. It has a welcome freshness. One’s attention is immediately caught by the abstract cover painting, which symbolizes not only a “deep feeling of sickness” but also “the modern molecular-cellular paradigm of heart failure.” The book is edited by Norman Sharpe, Professor and Head of the Department of Medicine at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. Its goal is to present an up-to-date, concise, and practical guide to the evidence-based management of heart failure. To achieve this …

Autonomic nervous system activity associated with postural disturbances in patients with perilymphatic fistula: sympathetic or vagal origin?

The study focused on patients suffering from perilymphatic fistula (PLF), whether they had undergone surgery or not. Vestibular disturbances can be harmless but are associated with varying symptoms, demonstrating disorders within the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The aim was to test whether the orthosympathetic is involved as the vagal part is often suspected of eliciting a feeling of sickness. Non-invasive and uninterrupted recording of ANS activity represents an objectivation technique to evidence such disturbances. Electrodermal activity, thermovascular variables, instantaneous cardiac rate and blood pressure were recorded. Discomfort was triggered experimentally by applying various stimulations successively to the intact ear then to the PLF (or operated) side. Twelve subjects took part in the experiment. Two types of ANS activity were distinguished: (1) phasic responses during stimulation and (2) tonic evolution thereafter. Results show strong activation in orthosympathetic variables when the PLF side was stimulated. No further significant difference between the two sides was to be observed following surgery. After stimulation, a sudden increase in skin resistance was observed, associated with slight bradycardia. No vagal signs having been evidenced, actual nausea may result from brief inhibition of sympathetic activation resulting, in turn from primary over-activation of this system.

ESUBMIT, submitters survive the rocky road

Trial by fire is, to say the least, unpleasant. And so it has been with eSUBMIT. Those of you who are still reading can consider yourselves survivors of eSUBMIT, the online application used to accept abstract submissions for the 1998 International Exhibition and 68th Annual Meeting in New Orleans. However, a lot of people just got a sick feeling in their stomachs at the thought of seeing, reading, or dealing with eSUBMIT again.

Pantoprazole plus azithromycin and metronidazole for cure of helicobacter pylori infection

AIM: Azithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic with a potential of a three days short-term treatment in several indications. For eradication of helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) the drug is not yet established. Therefore the present study aimed to determine whether azithromycin 250 mg bid for the three initial days of therapy can replace clarithromycin in a 7 days triple therapy regimen consisting of pantoprazole, azithromycin and metronidazole. Methods: 72 out-patients (44 males, 28 females; median age 54 years) with an active duodenal ulcer were recruited for this open study. 63 patients were H. pylori positive. Patients were treated for seven days with pantoprazole 40 mg bid and metronidazole 500 mg bid. Additionally the patients received azithromycin 250 mg bid during the first three days. H. pylori status was ascertained on entry using rapid urease test and 13C-UBT. H. pylori cure was assessed 4 weeks after therapy with laC-UBT. Results: 58 patients were evaluable for successful eradication. Two patients were lost to follow-up, three discontinued the study prematurely due to adverse events. H. pylori infection was successfully cured in 43/58 of patients, equivalent to 74% (95% C1 61-85%). The mean intensitiy of gastrointestinal symptoms (ulcer pain, feeling of sickness, nausea and acid eructation) decreased during the study. 15 patients (21%) reported adverse events. The most frequent adverse events were diarrhoea, vomiting and nausea. None of the adverse events leading to premature withdrawal of three patients were likely or definitely related to pantoprazole with the exception of headache in one patient (likely related to pantoprazole and the antibiotics). No serious adverse events occured. Condnsiom A three days treatment with azithromycin in combination with seven days of pantoprazole and metronidazole is less effective than standard triple therapy including clarithromycin. Duration of azithromycin treatment should be increased to 6 or 7 days since the same combination with seven days of clarithromycin instead of azithromycin has been shown to be highly effective (eradication rate 96%, Frevel et al., Gastroenterology 112, Suppl. 1997, A119b). This study was supported by a grant from Byk Gulden, Konstanz, Germany

抜歯後とう痛に対するＣＳ‐６７０の臨床評価 二重盲検法による多施設共同研究

We carried out a multicenter double-blind clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and usefulness of CS-670, a newly-developed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in the treatment of pain in patients undergoing extraction of a mandibular impacted wisdom tooth. The following results were obtained:1) Three groups were compared. The CS20 group received 20 mg of CS-670, the CS40 group received 40 mg of CS-670, and LOX60 group received 60 mg of loxoprofen sodium as control.2) Eighty-six patients in the CS20 group, 85 in the CS40 group, and 80 in the LOX60 group were included in analyses.3) There were no significant differences in demographic factors or extraction conditions among the 3 groups.4) Based on the patient's impression, the improvement rates of cases assessed as “very effective” or “effective” were 71.6% in the CS20 group, 91.6% in the CS40 group, and 88.5% in the LOX60 group. The differences between the CS20 group and the latter 2 groups were significant.5) Based on the investigator's evaluation, the improvement rates of cases showing an “excellent” or “moderate” response were 67.9% in the CS20 group, 91.5% in the CS40 group, and 84.6% in the LOX60 group. The differences between the CS20 group and the latter 2 groups were significant.6) As adverse effects, drowsiness occurred in 3 patients (3.5%) in the CS20 group and 2 (2.4%) in the CS40 group. One patient (1.3%) in the LOX60 group complained of a feeling of sickness. However, all cases were evaluated to be unrelated to the study drugs.7) According to the criteria of the Evaluation Committee, excellent or good pain suppression was obtained in 48.1% of the CS20 group, 61.0% of the CS40 group, and 57.7% of the LOX60 group. The differences among the 3 groups were not significant. The onset of action was noted within one hour in 69.1% of the CS20 group, 82.9% of the CS40 group, and 83.3% of the LOX60 group. The difference between the CS20 group and the LOX60 group was significant. The duration of analgesic effect was more than 3 hours in 66.7% of the CS20 group, 92.6% of the CS40 group, and 82.1% of the LOX60 group. The differences between the CS20 group and the latter 2 groups were significant. The rates of excellent or good responses, evaluated based on the analgesic effect, the onset of action, and the duration of action, were 61.7% in the CS20 group, 76.5% in the CS40 group, and 80.8% in the LOX60 group. The difference between the former 2 groups was significant. Usefulness rates were 61.7% in the CS20 group, 72.3% in the CS40 group, and 80.8% in the LOX60 group. There were no significant differences among the 3 groups.These results demonstrate that the analgesic effect of 40 mg CS-670 is equal to or better than that of 60 mg loxoprofen sodium without inducing adverse effects. Thus, CS-670 is a very useful analgesic.

Toxic pollutants and fertility disorders. Solvents and pesticides

It is demonstrated by means of extensive reference studies, as well as own results, that organic solvents and pesticides can be accountable for intoxications and various complications during pregnancy (e.g. abortion, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation). An initial stimulation of the adrenal cortex (hyperandrogenaemia) can result in partial insufficiency of the adrenal cortex with symptoms like alopecia and feeling of sickness. Consequences can be hypo- and hyperthyroidism. The immunological system is affected (e.g. abortion, susceptibility to infections). Neurovegetative and neuropsychological concomitant symptoms are numerous. Toxic contaminants affect men at different levels of the semen producing organs (e.g. oligospermia, azoospermia). Indications regarding diagnosis of toxic substances related illnesses as well as therapeutic and prophylactic potentialities are presented.

Emotional Arousal and Helping Behavior in a Real‐Life Emergency1

This study examined a hypothesized relationship between the level of emotional arousal and subsequent helping behavior in a real‐life bushfire emergency. Respondents were contacted after a major bushfire occurred near the city of Melbourne. They were asked about their emotional reactions on first hearing of the bushfire destruction and about their subsequent helping behavior. Respondents who reported feelings of shock, terror, horror, or sickness donated significantly more to bushfire appeals than did respondents not reporting these emotions. Helping was also related to initial feelings of sympathy for the victims and initial feelings of wanting to help the victims. The results support a general model of emergency intervention linking emotional arousal to helping behavior.

Conditioning of narcotic abstinence symptoms in human subjects

Clinical evidence suggests the possibility of conditioning of narcotic abstinence symptoms. Addicts report subjective and objective signs of withdrawal/craving when exposed to certain stimuli. This may partially explain the high rate of relapse to drug seeking behavior when treated addicts return to their home environment. Conditioning of narcotic abstinence symptoms was produced experimentally in five of eight volunteer subjects. Brief naloxone precipitated abstinence was the unconditioned response. The conditioned stimulus was a tone and odor. After an average of seven training trials, the tone and odor produced a conditioned abstinence response. The conditioned response consisted of subjective components (feelings of sickness, nausea, cramps, craving) and objective components (yawning, tearing, rhinorrhea, irregular respiration and transiently increased blood pressure). These laboratory findings support the anecdotal evidence regarding the existence of conditioned abstinence phenomena.

Glucagon-induced growth hormone release in children.

ABSTRACT The effect of iv glucagon injections on growth hormone (GH) secretion has been studied in 45 children. A rapid increase in GH plasma values within 30 min was seen in 15 out of 23 normal, 6 out of 12 obese, and 3 out of 10 diabetic subjects. Maximal individual increments ranged from 4.1 to 16.8 ng/ml in the normal, 2.1 to 6.3 ng/ml in the obese, and 2.1 to 4.2 ng/ml in the diabetic responders, respectively. A lower incidence in the GH response and smaller peaks in the obese, as compared to normal weight subjects, agree with many studies using different stimuli. The hyporesponsiveness of diabetic children to glucagon remains unexplained. Some correlation between GH responses and nausea or sick feeling, which occurred in many children following the glucagon load of 1 mg, seemed to indicate stress-like mechanisms as the major cause of this phenomenon, but the possible relevance of more specific glucagon effects cannot be excluded.

Changes in personality and subjective experience associated with the chronic administration and withdrawal of opiates.

Fifteen opiate addicts were followed over an addiction cycle at the Addiction Research Center, Lexington, Kentucky, and were tested with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Addiction Research Center Inventory, Personal Inventory, and an appetite rating scale 1) prior to drug administration, 2) after 3.5 months of chronic administration of morphine or heroin when they had been stabilized on the equivalent of 240 mg of morphine per day, and 3) on the 10th day of dose reduction. Euphoria, which was increased after an acute dose of morphine, was reduced to predrug levels during chronic administration, but tolerance failed to develop completely to such symptoms as lowered motivation for activity, constipation, dryness of the skin and appetite for the opiate drug used in the experiment. On the other hand, hypochondriasis (MMPI) increased during the chronic phase but was not evident after a single dose of morphine. Psychopathic traits, believed by many to be exaggerated by opiates, were not increased during acute, chronic or withdrawal phases of the addiction cycle. Many other traits, interestingly, such as acceptability for psychotherapy, were not altered. During withdrawal, neurotic traits such as depression, hypochondriasis, anxiety, and feelings of weakness, sickness and irritability, as well as classically defined withdrawal symptoms were markedly increased. The immediate subjective feeling of usefulness of morphine or heroin for settling symptoms was more highly correlated with the intensity of opiate withdrawal symptoms than with psychopathic traits.

HIRSUTISM AND VIRILISM IN A 5-YEAR-OLD GIRL

IN 1939 Reilly, Lisser and Hinman (1), in a report of one of their own cases of pseudo pubertas praecox, included results of a search of the literature for all known cases of pseudo pubertas praecox in girls, in which the diagnosis was not open to doubt. It was found that without a single exception the condition in these cases was caused by tumors or hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. So far as we know, no cases in which the underlying cause was different from the foregoing were published during or after the recent war (2). Twenty of the 40 patients in the cases collected by Reilly, Lisser and Hinman were operated upon; only 10 were cured. The patient was first seen in February, 1944, at the age of 5 years and 4 months. She had been born at full term on September 5, 1937. It was said that at birth she had exhibited a rather extensive growth of hair. Apart from this, however, she grew up in good health and was completely normal until shortly before we saw her. In photographs taken before her illness developed she looked normal (Fig. 1). Except for measles and acute cystitis, the patient had not been ill before. At the age of 5 years she had become obese. The breasts had begun to develop and a heavy growth of hair had appeared over the entire body. Her manner of talking had become very “old for her age,” and her voice had deepened. Menstruation did not occur. During the three months prior to her admission she had experienced increasing abdominal pains, occasionally accompanied by a feeling of sickness and vomiting.

Giddiness

A TRUE theory of the cause of giddiness ought to explain the following extreme experience, which deserves record in print. The method was first told to me by a friend; I once tried it myself successfully in a mitigated form, and will assuredly not repeat the experiment, and I persuaded a philosophical friend to try it also, with much the same result. Stand in the middle of a soft field where you can't hurt yourself by tumbling on the ground or against anything; avoid having your best clothes on, and secure appreciative spectators. Then put both hands one above the other on the top of your umbrella or walking-stick, and bend down until your forehead rests on the back of your hands. Thus your legs will be vertical, your body will be more or less horizontal, and the umbrella will be vertical. Shut your eyes. Then get a friend, by touching your hips, so to guide you that you shall circle three times, with a sidelong gait, round the vertical umbrella as an axis. Finally raise your head quickly, and try to walk straight as though nothing particular had happened. What will occur is a frightful giddiness and feeling of sickness, a sense of the ground rising up tumultuously on all sides, a wild rush to save yourself, and a headlong tumble.