Sichuan Research Articles

Effects of Contractual and Relational Governance on Project Performance: The Role of BIM Application Level

This study aims to explore the moderating role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) between project governance and project performance. The theoretical foundation of this research is rooted in transaction cost economics. The data come from the construction industry in China’s Sichuan province. A dataset comprising 175 survey responses was subjected to analysis through the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The findings confirm that contract completeness and contract flexibility positively influence project performance, and trust in relational governance also has a positive impact on project performance. Additionally, the level of BIM application moderates the relationships between contract flexibility and trust with project performance. However, a significant positive relationship between contract completeness and project performance was not observed. These findings establish a groundwork for transitioning project governance research from a static to a dynamic viewpoint, thereby facilitating the practical implementation of BIM technology. As a result, this study enriches the academic comprehension of governance amidst digital transformation and provides actionable suggestions for fostering efficient governance practices within a technologically progressive landscape.

Chemometric Discrimination of the Geographical Origin of Rheum tanguticum by Stable Isotope Analysis

Rheum tanguticum is one of the primary rhubarb species used for food and medicinal purposes, and it has recently been gaining more attention and recognition. This research represents the first attempt to use stable isotopes and elemental analysis via IRMS to identify the geographical origin of Rheum tanguticum. A grand total of 190 rhubarb samples were gathered from 38 locations spread throughout the provinces of Gansu, Sichuan, and Qinghai in China. The carbon content showed a decreasing trend in the order of Qinghai, followed by Sichuan, and then Gansu. Nitrogen content was notably higher, with Qinghai and Sichuan displaying similar levels, while Gansu had the lowest nitrogen levels. Significant differences were noted in the δ13C (−28.9 to −26.5‰), δ15N (2.6 to 5.6‰), δ2H (−120.0 to −89.3‰), and δ18O (16.0‰ to 18.8‰) isotopes among the various rhubarb cultivation areas. A significant negative correlation was found between %C and both longitude and humidity. Additionally, δ13C and δ15N isotopes were negatively correlated with longitude, and δ15N showed a negative correlation with humidity as well. δ2H and δ18O isotopes exhibited a strong positive correlation with latitude, while significant negative correlations were observed between δ2H and δ18O isotopes and temperature, precipitation, and humidity. The LDA, PLS-DA, and k-NN models all exhibited strong classification performance in both the training and validation sets, achieving accuracy rates between 82.1% and 91.7%. The combination of stable isotopes, elemental analysis, and chemometrics provides a reliable and efficient discriminant model for accurately determining the geographical origin of R. tanguticum in different regions. In the future, the approach will aid in identifying the geographical origin and efficacy of rhubarb in other studies.

Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in drinking water in China and health risk assessment based on a probabilistic approach

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) raise concerns due to their widespread distribution, persistence, and toxicity to humans. Current studies lack the use of exposure parameters for Chinese populations and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) to assess health risks of PFASs. To provide a scientific basis for the standards of PFASs in drinking water in China, data on concentrations of nine PFASs in 649 drinking water samples were collected from China through literature review. The highest concentration of PFASs was 17.41 ± 20.06 ng/L for perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA). Higher concentrations of PFASs were found in the southeastern coastal and in Sichuan Province. The probability of exceeding the standardized limits for drinking water for PFOA and PFOS was 2.71 % and 0.91 %. PRA and deterministic risk assessment (DRA) were used to assess non-carcinogenic risks in different age groups and provinces. Health risks of PFASs from oral exposure notably exceeded dermal contact. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) for oral exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exceeded the acceptable level with a certain probability. The non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to PFASs in drinking water was negligible for the majority of the Chinese population. The study indicates that China should increase research on limits of PFASs in drinking water to reduce the health risks.

The Influence of the Sports Events Industry on Sichuan's Economic Growth

The sports industry occupies an important position in China's national economy, and the sports event industry is its core industry, and its role in regional economic development has received more and more attention from all parties. This paper takes Sichuan Province as an example to discuss the role of sports events in regional development. Firstly, it is a theoretical overview. This paper explores the mechanism of its economic effect from four perspectives: economic growth, industrial structure, regional agglomeration and city brand. Second is the case study. Through the grey correlation analysis of the relationship between sports and tourism industry, using the exponential smoothing method and ARMA method, and establishing a multi-indicator model, it is concluded that sports and tourism industry have the highest correlation and play a positive role in promoting regional development.

Peripheral Population Status and Habitat Suitability Assessment of the Kiang (Equus kiang) on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Shiqu County, Sichuan Province, forms the eastern edge of the distribution area of the kiang (Equus kiang). It is important to assess the population and habitat status of peripheral populations, as these play a significant role in the development of conservation strategies for kiangs. Based on field transect data collected from July to August 2023, this study predicted the suitable habitat distribution of kiangs in Shiqu County using a MaxEnt model and estimated the population size and density using the ‘Distance’ package. Additionally, it analyzed the responses of the group size of kiangs to environmental factors in Shiqu County. The results showed that the area of suitable habitat for kiangs is 3402.45 km2, accounting for 13.51% of the total area of Shiqu County. The estimated population was 1395.00 ± 272.20, with a population density of 0.41 ± 0.08/km2. Additionally, the group size of kiangs was significantly positively correlated with the distance from the road and grazing site. The distance from the grazing site, elevation, and temperature annual range are the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of kiangs. This study initially revealed the peripheral population Status and suitable habitat of the kiang on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and the potential threat of grazing interference and road obstruction. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the population and habitat protection of kiangs in this area.

The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis for Rhabdophis chiwen (squamata: colubridae)

Rhabdophis chiwen is currently found so far in Sichuan Province, China, where it predominantly feeds on earthworms and firefly larvae. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial genome of R. chiwen, which measured 17,646 bp in length and encompassed 37 genes along with two control regions. The base composition revealed percentages of 33.20% A, 25.94% T, 13.27% G, and 27.59% C. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that R. chiwen belongs to the family Colubridae and forms a sister branch with R. tigrinus. This study successfully obtained the first complete mitochondrial genome of R. chiwen, offering crucial genetic data for its evolutionary history and conservation.

The Influence of Human Capital on Fertility Intentions: The Moderating Role of Satisfaction with Leave Policies

In recent years, fertility has received much attention in the context of globalization. This study attempts to assess the influence of human capital on fertility intentions and to examine the moderating effect of satisfactory leave policies between human capital and fertility intentions across different genders. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in four provinces of China, namely Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, and Sichuan. The results show a positive influence of human capital on fertility intentions and a remarkable moderating effect of satisfaction with vacation policy between human capital and fertility intentions among men. However, there is no significant moderating effect for women. This study suggests that men show higher fertility intentions when they can take leave, which may be due to the expectation of better family support. Conversely, women face significant fertility challenges, which mitigates the impact of leave on their fertility intentions. The study's novelty is that it reveals the differential effects of leave policies on fertility intentions across genders, providing new insights into the gender dynamics of human capital and fertility intentions. Based on these findings, recommendations are proposed for creating a stable employment environment and implementing comprehensive job security measures tailored to women's fertility needs to reduce fertility losses and alleviate employment pressures.

Mindfulness-based relapse prevention targeting psychological craving and trait mindfulness in young Chinese women with methamphetamine dependence: a randomized controlled trial.

We recruited 58 MA-dependent young adult females from a compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan Province and randomly divided them into an MBRP group (n = 29) and a control group (n = 29) according to their degree of psychological craving. The MBRP group received 2 hours of MBRP training twice a week for 4 weeks, alongside routine treatment at the drug rehabilitation center. Meanwhile, the control group solely received routine treatment at the drug rehabilitation center without any additional interventions. The assessment was conducted before and immediately after the intervention, with the Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) used to assess craving and the Five-Factor Mindfulness Scale (FFMQ) used to assess trait mindfulness. Also, a "mental feedback monitoring balance" instrument was used to assess concentration and relaxation during some training sessions. This randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of decreasing psychological craving and increasing trait mindfulness. At baseline, there were no significant differences in total or dimension scores for FFMQ or OCDUS between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After the intervention, the repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant time main effect on changes in observing, non-judging, and non-reacting scores (all P < 0.05), and a significant interaction effect between time and group on both FFMQ total score and OCDUS score (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Mental feedback monitoring indicated significant improvement in concentration and relaxation after breath meditation exercises (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Additionally, the MBRP group showed improved relaxation during the body scan exercise (P < 0.01). MBRP training can improve the trait mindfulness of MA addicts and reduce psychological cravings effectively.

Evolution and spatiotemporal analysis of earthquake public opinion based on social media data

As critical conduits for the dissemination of online public opinion, social media platforms offer a timely and effective means for managing emergencies during major disasters, such as earthquakes. This study focuses on the analysis of online public opinions following the Maduo M7.4 earthquake in Qinghai Province and the Yangbi M6.4 earthquake in Yunnan Province. By collecting, cleaning, and organizing post-earthquake Sina Weibo (short for Weibo) data, we employed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to extract information pertinent to public opinion on these earthquakes. This analysis included a comparison of the nature and temporal evolution of online public opinions related to both events. An emotion analysis, utilizing an emotion dictionary, categorized the emotional content of post-earthquake Weibo posts, facilitating a comparative study of the characteristics and temporal trends of online public emotions following the earthquakes. The findings were visualized using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The analysis revealed certain commonalities in online public opinion following both earthquakes. Notably, the peak of online engagement occurred within the first 24 hours post-earthquake, with a rapid decline observed between 24 to 48 hours thereafter. The variation in popularity of online public opinion was linked to aftershock occurrences. Adjusted for population factors, online engagement in areas surrounding the earthquake sites and in Sichuan Province was significantly high. Initially dominated by feelings of “fear” and “surprise”, the public sentiment shifted towards a more positive outlook with the onset of rescue operations. However, distinctions in the online public response to each earthquake were also noted. Following the Yangbi earthquake, Yunnan Province reported the highest number of Weibo posts nationwide; in contrast, Qinghai Province ranked third post-Maduo earthquake, attributable to its smaller population size and extensive damage to communication infrastructure. This research offers a methodological approach for the analysis of online public opinion related to earthquakes, providing insights for the enhancement of post-disaster emergency management and public mental health support.

The Prospective Application of Machine Learning in Turbulence Forecasting over China

Abstract This study analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of turbulence in China from 2020 to 2022 using pilot reports. Results reveal a higher frequency of moderate-to-severe turbulence during spring and winter, particularly in January. Spatially, the primary regions of turbulence occurrence are eastern China, Xinjiang Province, Sichuan Province, and the Qiongzhou Strait, with a focus on altitudes at or above 6000 m. Machine learning models, especially random forest and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), demonstrate high accuracy in turbulence prediction, notably for high-altitude events. The random forest model shows optimal performance in winter, achieving an area under the curve of 0.92. The study highlights the importance of thermally related diagnostics, indicating a significant presence of convectively induced turbulence in high-altitude turbulence events. This research not only deepens the understanding of turbulence dynamics in the China region but also underscores the potential of machine learning in enhancing turbulence forecasting.

Temporal and Spatial Changes and Equity of Nursing Human Resources Configuration in Sichuan Province, China

Temporal and Spatial Changes and Equity of Nursing Human Resources Configuration in Sichuan Province, China

Dynamic changes of gravity field before the Luding MS6.8 earthquake and its crustal material migration characteristics

On September 5, 2022, an earthquake of magnitude MS6.8 occurred in Luding County, Sichuan Province. This earthquake occurred at the key part of the southeast-clockwise extrusion of material on the eastern margin of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau, the Y-shaped confluence of the Xianshuihe, Longmenshan and Anninghe fault zones. In this study, the three-dimensional dynamic crustal density changes in the earthquake area are obtained by the typical gravity change data from 2019 to 2022 before the earthquake and gravity inversion by growing bodies. The results indicate that gravity changes presented an obvious four-quadrant and gradient belt distribution in the Luding area before the earthquake. The three-dimensional density horizontal slices show that small density changes occurred at the epicenter in the mid-to-upper crust between 2019.9 - 2020.9 and 2019.9–2021.9. At the same time, the surrounding areas exhibited a positive and negative quadrant distribution. These observations indicate that the source region was likely in a stable locked state, with locking-in shear forces oriented in the NW and NE directions. From 2021.9 to 2022.8, the epicentral region showed negative density changes, indicating that the source region was in the expansion stage, approaching a near-seismic state. The three-dimensional density vertical slices reveal a southeastward migration of positive and negative densities near the epicenter and on the western of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, indicating that the material is flowing out to the southeast. The observed local negative density changes at the epicenter along the Longmenshan Fault Zone are likely associated with the NE-oriented extensional stress shown by the seismic source mechanism. The above results can provide a basis for interpreting pre-earthquake gravity and density changes, thereby contributing to the advancement of earthquake precursor theory.

Mapping the susceptibility to freeze-thaw deterioration and regionalization of freeze-thaw environments of earthen sites in China: A preliminary study

Earthen sites in China are widely exposed to freeze-thaw environments. There is a lack of knowledge about the spatial distribution patterns of freeze-thaw deterioration and environments, as well as preventive conservation strategies and subsequent refined research on the freeze-thaw deterioration of earthen sites. In this study, the freeze-thaw deterioration process of earthen sites was divided into two periods. Thirteen relevant factors were selected, and using the GIS-FAHP method, a susceptibility map for freeze-thaw deterioration of earthen sites in China was created. The Jenks Natural Breaks method was then employed to categorize the areas into five susceptibility levels: very low (24.6 %), low (18.2 %), moderate (24.2 %), high (18.2 %) and very high (14.8 %). Based on the susceptibility map, the three-level regionalization scheme for freeze-thaw environments of earthen sites in China was systematically developed, taking into account the differences in freeze-thaw deterioration susceptibility and natural landscape within the geomorphological units, and the environmental codes were assigned to third level small-regions. The freeze-thaw environments of earthen sites in China were finally divided into 5 major-regions, 20 sub-regions and 42 small-regions. The results showed that in the area east of the Heihe-Tengchong line, the susceptibility to freeze-thaw deterioration showed latitudinal correlation, and the susceptibility gradually increased from south to north; in the area west of the Heihe-Tengchong line, the susceptibility to freeze-thaw deterioration exhibited strong zonal characteristics. Among the provincial administrative units, Gansu Province and Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region have the most complex freeze-thaw environments, while Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan and Heilongjiang Provinces have the harshest freeze-thaw environments. This study can support regional management and prevention of freeze-thaw deterioration and deterioration studies of earthen sites in China.

An enhanced neighborhood differential method for potential landslide identification from stacking-InSAR results

Stacking-InSAR is widely used for identifying potential landslide. However, in Stacking-InSAR results, there are often challenges to clearly identify the potential landslide due to wide-scale system errors, especially the elevation-related atmospheric disturbances, leading to low precision of potential landslide identification. This paper introduces an enhanced neighborhood differential method that employs a concept of step size to identify potential landslide from Stacking-InSAR. Applied to the mountainous regions in the northwestern part of Sichuan Province, China, this method successfully identified 117 potential landslides, verified through field investigations. Compared to traditional Stacking-InSAR, this method additionally identified 34 potential landslides. Further analysis indicates that the optimal step size in the neighborhood differential method should ensure that one differential pixel is located inside the potential landslide area while the other is outside, thereby making the step size closely related to the spatial extent of the potential landslide. The results indicate that this method could effectively reduce wide-scale system error in Stacking-InSAR results, providing an important technical reference for the rapid and efficient identification of potential landslide over a wide mountainous area in the future.

Analysis of Key Factors for Sustainable International Rural Tourism Using the AHP-DEMATEL Model : A Focus on Sichuan Province in China

Analysis of Key Factors for Sustainable International Rural Tourism Using the AHP-DEMATEL Model : A Focus on Sichuan Province in China

First Report of Uromyces aecidiiformis Causing Rust Disease on Fritillaria unibracteata in China.

Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia is a recognized source of 'Chuanbeimu' in the 'Chinese Pharmacopoeia'. In China, its bulbs have been used as a traditional herbal cough remedy for about 2,000 years. Surveys for fungal diseases were conducted in Xiaojin and Songpan, Sichuan Province, the primary cultivation region of F. unibracteata, with an area of 150 acres, in May and July 2022. Rust was found in almost all areas and incidence ranged from 5% to 80% in all study areas. Diseased leaves displayed yellow spots on the upper side, and raised buff, golden, or fuscous waxy pustules on the lower side. In severe cases, the infection extended to the stems and petioles, leading to wilting and death of plant. Spermogonia, aecia, and telia were mainly found on the underside of leaves. Spermogonia were scattered among the aecia and exhibited a range of colors from honey-yellow to chestnut-brown. They had a cross-sectional diameter of 94.4 to 214.3 µm height and 94.2 to 197.5 µm in width (n=30). They were nearly spherical, embedded in the host tissue, and had distinct periphysis at the pores. Aecia were hemispherical, initially white, with the peridium later turning yellowish-brown and opening via a central pore. Aeciospores were pale yellow, finely and closely verrucose, measuring 20.6 to 34.1 × 18.4 to 30.1 µm with a cell wall thickness of 1.5 to 2.4 µm (n=51). Prior to plants wilting, elongated telia were observed, gradually exposed, then finally opening through longitudinal cracks in the epidermis. Teliospores were unicellular, dark brown, oblong to oval, and solitary on stems, measuring 24.7 to 38.2 × 19.2 to 27.8 µm (n=130) with a wall thickness of 1.6 to 3.1 µm, with a low hyaline papilla at the apex and were moderately rugose with longitudinal parallel ridges. The characteristics align with previous descriptions of Uromyces aecidiiformi (Rees, 1917, Zhuang, 2005). The primer pair LR0R (Moncalvo et al., 1995)/LR5 (Vilgalys & Hester, 1990) was utilized for amplifying and sequencing the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA genes from strains IS909-3 and IS1816 (GenBank PQ008482, PQ008483). The obtained sequences showed a high similarity of 99.9% to 100% similarity to strains U1023 and UBC19 of U. aecidiiformis in RustHubb (KR0014142 and PUN23000)( Kaishian et al., 2024). Through examination of morphology, host range, and sequence similarity, we determined the rust species to be U. aecidiiformis. Pathogenicity testing was conducted by spraying a suspension of aeciospores (1×105 spores/mL in 0.05% Tween 20 solution) on six healthy four-year-old F. unibracteata plants indoors in May 2023. The plants were allowed to grow under natural conditions, where the diurnal temperature ranged from 9 to 20℃, with an average temperature of 14℃, which is conducive to the growth of F. unibracteata. Another six seedlings were sprayed with 0.05% Tween 20 solution as controls. After three weeks, all infected plants showed symptoms similar to those seen in the field, while control plants remained symptom-free. Microscopic examination and sequencing confirmed that the pathogen morphology was consistent between the field and the inoculation, meeting Koch's postulates. Although U. aecidiiformis has been previously reported to cause rust of F. pallidiflora and F. ussuriensis(Zhuang, 1989, Zhuang, 2005), this is the first report of U. aecidiiformis causing rust on F. unibracteata in China. This pathogen significantly reduces the yield and quality of Chuanbeimu, highlighting the importance of effectively identifying and controlling it.

The status quo and correlational analysis of nursing practices, burnout, and social support among nurses from private hospitals in Dazhou, a less developed area of China

ObjectiveTo investigate the status quo of nursing practices, job burnout and social support among private hospitals in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, and perform correlational analysis.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 244 nurses were surveyed via convenience sampling from 7 private hospitals, which were randomly selected from Dazhou city. A self-designed demographic sociology questionnaire was applied, and the Chinese versions of the Maslach Burnout Scale and the Social Support scale administered from September to November 2022.ResultsThe investigated nurses were relatively young (26.84 ± 4.90 years), had a short duration of service, a low academic background, a low professional title and a low income; however, they were highly satisfied with their working environment and had a low level of burnout, and their level of personal achievement was low. Overtime work, education level and number of children had significant impacts on the level of nurse burnout. The level of social support was high, and various dimensions were negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout (r=-0.438, P < 0.01; r=-0.372, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with personal achievement (r = 0.291, P < 0.01). However, the level of social support was not significantly associated with burnout (r=-0.060, p = 0.354).ConclusionsNursing managers in private hospitals should consider ways of improving nurses’ education, professional titles, working environment and increasing nurses’ income to stabilize the nursing team. Efforts should be made to relieve the nurses’ pressure, and notice the overtime work and professional development of nurses to enhance the personal sense of achievement. More measures should be taken to improve the level of social support, thereby promoting the continuous improvement of nursing quality. Due to the uneven level of social and economic development in different parts of China, the extensibility of the research needs to be confirmed by more studies, but it still has important reference significance for Northeast Sichuan, which represents areas with similar social and economic levels.

Research on the Cultural Identity of Salt-related Place Names in Zigong

This study aims to explore how the mental experience of Zigong’s salt-related place name culture impacts visitors' behavioral identity through the mediating roles of cognitive and affective identity. Based on three hypotheses: (1) mental experience has a positive impact on behavioral identity; (2) cognitive identity mediates the relationship between mental experience and behavioral identity; (3) affective identity also mediates this relationship. Data were collected from 555 tourists in Zigong, Sichuan Province, and analyzed using a structural equation model. The results show that mental experience significantly affects behavioral identity, with cognitive and affective identity playing mediating roles. This study offers insights into promoting local tourism and economic development by enhancing cultural identity through mental experiences.

Characteristics of debris flow development in Daxilada watershed and its hazard analysis on Lexi Expressway

The occurrence of frequent debris flow catastrophes in the mountainous regions of southwest China has necessitated the inclusion of debris flow disaster analysis and prevention as an essential component in the planning and construction of mountainous roadways. Daxilada watershed is located in the south of Mabian Yi Zuzizhixian, Leshan City, Sichuan Province, and the proposed Leshan-Xichang Expressway (Lexi Expressway) will pass through the upper reaches of Daxilada watershed. It is essential to consider that the presence of debris flows within the Daxilada watershed could have detrimental effects on the construction and functionality of the proposed Luoshanxi Bridge. This study examined the Daxilada watershed as a case study and analyzed the factors contributing to debris flow formation in the area. This analysis was based on field investigations, remote sensing interpretation, and experimental analysis. Additionally, the study utilized the Massflow software to simulate debris flow movement. It integrated the simulation results to determine the potential hazards the Daxilada Gully debris flow posed to the line project. This study found that Daxilada Gully meets debris flow formation conditions. The simulation results demonstrated that during the debris flow activity, there would be a maximum deposition depth of 2.1 m in the proposed Engineering Agency, which may lead to siltation and blocking disaster of the line project. Concerning the parameters related to the debris flow with a frequency of one in a hundred years, in conjunction with the outcomes obtained from numerical simulation, it would provide the design basis of the cross-flow cross-section of the proposed bridge. In a quantitative analysis of the blockage situation in the gully, debris flow deposits have the potential to cause damage to the line project. Debris flow deposits block the gully, but the risk of blockage is small. The study results have specific reference values for the debris flow prevention and control project of Lexi Expressway and offer valuable insights for the prevention and mitigation of similar disasters in relative projects.

Status quo and factors influencing dyadic disease appraisal in chronic heart failure based on latent profile analysis in Northern Sichuan Province, China

PurposeThis study explored potential categories of dyadic disease appraisal differences among patients hospitalized with chronic heart failure (CHF) in China and analyzed the main factors influencing these categories.MethodsA survey was conducted using various tools and scales, including the Chinese version of the Memorial Heart Failure Symptom Appraisal Scale, Heart failure self-care index scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Zarit burden interview, and Self-rating anxiety scale. The data was collected from patients who were hospitalized with CHF in the cardiology department of one of two tertiary hospitals in Nanchong City, China. The dyadic disease appraisal categories were identified using latent profile analysis (LPA). Multiple logistic regression analysis was also employed to analyze the factors influencing the formation of potential categories of differences in dyadic disease appraisal in CHF patients.ResultsA total of 262 pairs of hospitalized CHF patients and their caregivers participated in this study. The dyadic disease appraisal of CHF patients was potentially categorized as the "negative difference group" (28 individuals, 10.7%) and the "positive or convergence group" (234 persons, 89.3%). The results showed that the factors influencing the categorization of dyadic disease appraisal differences included the patient's social support, disease progression, and Caregivers anxiety level, burden, gender, educational attainment, and age (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe study findings demonstrated heterogeneity between the two groups of CHF patients in the dyadic disease appraisal. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on patients who have a brief duration of illness and limited social support. Specifically, it is important to prioritize support for female caregivers who are 65 years or older, have lower levels of educational attainment, and experience a significant burden and anxiety. Regular implementation of support person-bilateral co-management strategies can effectively reduce differences in how the disease is perceived and enhance the overall well-being of both caregivers and patients.