Siberian Branch Research Articles

Academician B. V. Voitsekhovsky’s Book Collection

The study of personal libraries (book collections) is timely due to the implementation of the state policy to expose library collections and study regional book (documentary) heritage. One can note an increasing interest of book historians, specialists in the field of library and book study activities in private book collections of famous people, outstanding cultural and scientific figures, as well as personal libraries of scientists.A holistic look at the book collections of scientists through the prism of the scientist’s book environment complements and enriches the idea of the researcher’s creative laboratory, and provides additional material on the history of science and book culture. The scientist’s personal library acquires a memorial status and contributes to preservation of his memory.The article is dedicated to the memory of Bogdan Vyacheslavovich Voitsekhovsky, a famous scientist, who made a great contribution into the national science and economy, the main years of whose life were associated with the Siberian Branch (SB) of the USSR Academy of Sciences – SB RAS and Novosibirsk Academgorodok. The purposeof this article is to characterize the personal library of Academician B. V. Voitsekhovsky stored in the Central Scientific Library of UrB RAS. The work reveals the composition of the library, characterizes the owner’s records and inscripts; determines the status of the researcher’s book collection as a personal (memorial) library, reflecting the main directions of the scholar’s scientific and inventive activities. This will permit to add to the data on the history of Russian science, with the aim of popularization of historical and cultural heritage.

P. consortial associations of insects (Insecta) and springtails (Collembola) with Trollius asiaticus L. (Ranunculaceae)

Consortial associations of insects and springtails with the Asian globe ower, Trollius asiaticus L. (Ranunculaceae), were investigated in nature and in the Bioresource Scienti c Collection of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science (USU № 440534) from 2017 till 2021. 106 invertebrate species have been revealed, which have been classi ed into the following groups: (1) anthophiles, (2) herbivores (phyllophages and carpophages), (3) de tritophages, and (4) entomophages. The consort diversity is highest in the period of owering with predominance of the anthophiles, including pollinators and nectarophages. Seeds are damaged by the larvae of the y genus Chiastocheta (Anthomyiidae) and numerous heteropterans. The injury by phyllophages is insigni cant.

The Siberian Branch of the Shibanids in Kazakh and Russian Historiography: Khan Kuchum

The Siberian Branch of the Shibanids in Kazakh and Russian Historiography: Khan Kuchum

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ АЛКОГОЛЯ НА УРОВНИ БЕЛКОВ СУРФАКТАНТА SP-A И SP-D КРОВИ У МУЖЧИН И ЖЕНЩИН Г. НОВОСИБИРСКА

Introduction. Currently, there are a few experimental data on the effect of alcohol consumption on the surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D, while these aspects remain unexplored in humans. In view of the high social significance of the problem of alcohol abuse, and also due to the fact that the lungs are one of the "target organs" in excessive alcohol consumption, the study of the effect of alcohol consumption on the levels of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in men and women is undoubtedly topical direction of modern medical science. The aim of the work is to determine the effect of alcohol consumption on the levels of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in men and women in Novosibirsk. Materials and methods. On the basis of the NIITPM-branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in 2022, 174 people (87 men and 87 women), aged 45 to 69 years, randomly selected from the residents of Novosibirsk, were examined. Alcohol consumption was assessed using the AUDIT questionnaire. The content of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay using standard ELISA kits. Statistical analysis used parametric and non-parametric methods of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis was carried out using the Spearman test, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. ROC-analysis was used to assess the diagnostic significance of variables with the determination of sensitivity and specificity. In all procedures of statistical analysis, the critical significance level of the null statistical hypothesis (p) was taken equal to 0.05. Results. In the general sample of men and women aged 45-69 years, it was determined that the usual single dose of alcohol consumed equal to 7-9 alcohol units is inversely associated with SP-A (r=-0.154, p=0.043). Using ROC analysis, it was found that SP-A is a marker (the area under the ROC curve is 71.2%) of alcohol intake in a typical single dose of alcohol consumed equal to 7-9 alcohol units. With an SP-A level of no more than 921 pg / ml, its sensitivity in relation to the determination of alcohol consumption in a typical single dose of 7-9 alcohol units is 68.7%, and the specificity is 87.5%. Using regression analysis, it was determined that the variable "usual single dose of alcohol consumed equal to 7-9 alcohol units" directly affects the presence of SP-A no more than 921 pg / ml (Exp (B) = 13.0; 95% CI = 1, 5; 111.0, p=0.019) regardless of age and male sex. Conclusion. Thus, it has been established that in men and women of Novosibirsk aged 45-69 years, a high single dose of alcohol consumed equal to 7-9 alcohol units is an independent factor that directly affects the presence of SP-A levels in the blood that do not exceed 921 pg/ml .

АССОЦИАЦИЯ RS429358 И RS7412 ГЕНА АРОЕ С РИСКОМ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФАРКТА МИОКАРДА

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. The pathology of lipid metabolism, which underlies the atherosclerotic process, is one of the main risk factors for the development of CVD. Genetic markers of predisposition to the development of lipid metabolism disorders can be used for early diagnosis and development of programs for the primary prevention of CVD. Apolipoprotein E is the main apolipoprotein of chylomicrons and is required for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein components. The aim of the study was to analyze the association of rs7412 and rs429358 of the APOE gene with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in the population of Western Siberia (Russia). Materials and methods: the main group (9360 people, 45-69 years old, mean age 53.8±7) was formed from residents of Novosibirsk, surveyed in 2003-2005. within the framework of the International multicenter project "Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Eastern Europe" HAPIEE. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of NIITPM, a branch of the ICG SB RAS. Informed consent was obtained from each study participant for the examination (including the collection of biological materials). For genetic research, 2690 people were selected from the main group by random number method. After excluding unconfirmed MI cases and non-MI deaths, the sample size was 2286 people. The endpoints of the study were MI, stroke, and death from all causes. Data were obtained from the following sources: (i) clinical re-survey of the sample in 2006-2008, 2015; (II) databases: Novosibirsk City Myocardial Infarction Registry, Novosibirsk City Stroke Registry, and Novosibirsk City Mortality Registry (register data are collected at NIITPM, a branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1988 to the present). The group with MI consisted of 183 people (128 men, 55 women), inclusion criteria: MI that occurred during the observation period (according to all registries and repeated screenings); MI in history, confirmed by instrumental methods of examination. Exclusion criteria: history of MI, not confirmed by instrumental methods of examination. DNA from blood was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction. Genotyping of rs429358 and rs7412 of the APOE gene was carried out by the Real-Time PCR method on the StepOnePlus Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Foster City, California, USA). Significance of differences in allele frequencies and verification of compliance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were calculated using Pearson's χ2 test. Results: The association of rs429358 and rs7412 of the APOE gene with the development of MI in men (p = 0.009) and in the general group (p = 0.001) was revealed. Carrying the ɛ2ɛ4 genotype is associated with an increased risk of MI in men (OR = 3.931, 95% CI: 1.772-8.720, p < 0.0001) and in the general group (OR = 3.753, 95% CI: 1.976-7.127, p < 0 ,0001). Conclusion: our study confirmed a statistically significant association between the genotypes rs7412 and rs429358 and the development of MI both in men and in the general group of the population of Western Siberia (Russia). Structural changes in DNA can independently affect the risk of myocardial infarction. Individuals with confirmed increased genetic risk may receive additional motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle. Data on genetic risk factors for pathology can be used to optimize the clinical management of patients.

FORMATION OF THE RANGES OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI: RESULTS OF THE CENTENNIAL NATURALIZATION

Currently, 10-15% of invasive plant species are recorded in alien floras of all inhabited regions of the world, and their proportion is constantly growing. A particular problem is naturalization of alien species in the regions with high levels of endemism and species diversity, such as the Republic of Altai. We have been studying the alien flora of the Republic of Altai since the beginning of the 21st century. The ranges of 67 invasive species belonging to 57 genera and 20 families have been identified. Most of the species have been known on the territory of the Republic of Altai since the 20th century, 10 species have penetrated here in the 21st century. The main method of penetration (vector) is accidental introduction. In all areas, at least singly, there are 5 species: Amaranthus retroflexus, Bunias orientalis, Matricaria discoidea, Melilotus officinalis, Tripleurospermum inodorum . The orographic and climatic features of the area predetermine a greater susceptibility to invasions for the northern regions and a lesser one for the southeastern regions. Eighteen species are distributed only in the northern regions. Almost all species are found in Gorno-Altaisk and Mayma district, the least number of species - in Kosh-Agach district, which is characterized by the most severe climatic conditions. Thirty five species are invasive in Siberia, 11 species are among the hundred most aggressive species in Russia. Based on our own long-term research, taking into account the analysis of available publications and stock materials (Herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Gorno-Altai State University), as well as other available data (iNaturalist, GBIF), maps of the ranges of invasive plants of the Republic of Altai were compiled. For each species, all known localities are given, indicating administrative regions, settlements, river valleys, etc., the time of discovery is noted, and links to the source are indicated.

Gas-Dynamic Multiple-Mirror Trap GDMT

This work is devoted to the project of a new-generation open trap, gas-dynamic multiple-mirror trap (GDMT), proposed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. The aim of the project is to substantiate the possibility of using open traps as thermonuclear systems: a source of neutrons and, in the future, a thermonuclear reactor. The main objectives of the project are to develop technologies for long-term plasma maintenance in an open trap, optimize neutron source parameters based on the gas-dynamic trap, and demonstrate methods for improving plasma confinement. The magnetic vacuum system of the facility consists of a central trap, multiple-mirror sections that improve the longitudinal plasma confinement, and expanders designed to accommodate plasma flux absorbers. The facility is to be built in several stages. The starting configuration is broadly similar to the GDT facility and includes a central trap with strong magnetic mirrors and expanders. It solves two main problems: optimization of the parameters of the neutron source based on the gas-dynamic trap and study of the physics of the transition to the configuration of a diamagnetic trap with a high relative pressure β ≈ 1, which significantly increases the efficiency of the system. This work describes the technical design of the starting configuration of the facility and outlines the physical principles on which the GDMT project is based.

Siberian Larch Reproduction Using the Somatic Embryogenesis Biotechnology

The biotechnology of somatic embryogenesis in vitro, combined with genomic selection and cryopreservation is used to create varietal genetically tested fast-growing plantations (Multi-Varietal Forestry program (MVF), Park, 2014, 2016, 2018). In 2008, the Sukachev Forest Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS has developed for the first time the biotechnology of somatic embryogenesis for Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and obtained 42 proliferating cell lines consisting of embryonal-suspensor mass (ESM). The age of cell lines reaches 13 years. Significant variability was observed between cell lines in the number and size of globular embryos in proliferating embryogenic cultures, and in the ability of somatic embryos to mature and germinate. In different cell lines, the number of globular somatic embryos per 1 g of ESMs fresh weight ranges from 2040 to 11103, with 10 to 1220 embryos maturing. The regenerants germinate in a growth chamber, and plantlets of individual cell lines grow successfully in a greenhouse and then in the soil of the forest nursery at the Forest Institute’s Pogorelsky Bor station. Genotyping of clones at microsatellite loci showed their complete genetic identity to the cell line from which they were obtained. In cloned Siberian larch trees at the age of seven, the initiation of generative organs forming occurred. Thus, at present, it is possible to quickly implement the MVF program for plantation forestry in Russia.

Технико-типологический анализ каменной коллекции из многослойного памятника дам-дам-чешме-1 (материалы из архива московского государственного университета)

This article presents a typo-technological analysis of the lithic assemblage from the excavation of multilayered site of Dam-Dam-Cheshme-1 (east of the Caspian Sea). The site was excavated by A.P. Okladnikov in 1950’s, G.E. Markov in 1970’s.The archaeological materials from the excavations were divided between the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (materials from 1950’s) and Moscow State University (materials from 1970’s). This research is based on the chipped stones stored in the Moscow State University. The analyzed assemblage characterized by bladelet industry, and toolkit consisting end, side-scrapers, perforetors, notch/denticulate tools and single lunates, points and backed tools. Presents characteristics allow us to attribute lower layer to Mesolithic and upper layer to Neolithic periods of Eastern Caspian culture. The closest analogies are observed with the materials of the grotto of Dam-Dam-Cheshme-2 and Oiukly located in the Eastern Caspian Sea.

Modern Library Potential as Science Popularizer: Inquiry Results of SB RAS Scientists

The objective of the article is to present the results of a study of scientists’ attitude to communication between science and society by means of libraries. The working method of the study was an online questionnaire of academic specialists of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) research institutes. Data collection took place in early 2023. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, divided into four thematic blocks: 1) the main science popularizers in Russia (researchers’ opinion); 2) participation of SB RAS research institutes in communication with society and the most important directions of this activity; 3) attitude of scientists to necessity of interaction with society aimed at popularization of science; 4) attitude of scientists to libraries as science and society communication participants including science popularization. Basing on the data obtained, Siberian scientists appear to be, in general, positive about libraries as popularizers of domestic science and technology achievements. However, they consider scientists themselves and media the main actors in this field, as well as scientific societies, research and educational institutions, museums and professional science communicators. A number of respondents noted low attendance of libraries, their archaic and closed nature, and lack of sufficient competence of library specialists to promote science at a high level. Nevertheless, most of the researchers highly appreciated library as a full-fledged science and society communication participant. Many SB RAS scientists have experience of cooperation with libraries, such as, for example, reading popular science lectures and preparing exhibitions. The survey showed that researchers are not well aware of the activities and opportunities of modern libraries, therefore library institutions are invited to be active in building effective interaction with science and society.

Trends in the Development of Agricultural Research Institutions Scientists’ Demand for SibSAL Information Services

The object of the article is to present the results of the analysis of the demand for information services provided by the Siberian Scientific Agricultural Library, the branch of the State Public Scientific and Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SibSAL– the branch of SPSTL SB RAS), for scientists of agricultural research institutions (SRI) in the context of continuing organizational and structural reorganization. The start point of reformation was initiated by the adoption of the Federal Law “On the Russian Academy of Sciences, Reorganization of State Academies of Sciences and Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation” (September 27, 2013), which introduced fundamental changes in the organizational system of the branch of domestic science. Because of the termination of the activities of the Agricultural Academy, the departmental subordination of agricultural research institutes was fundamentally modified by transferring them to the existing and established federal research scientific centers of the Russian Academy of Sciences and regional branch centers. The ­result of the study revealed the trends of increasing demand for SibSAL services, confirmed that, despite the process of departmental reassignment, a steadily functioning library and information environment is a unifying and driving factor in conducting scientific research, stimulating the development and search for new forms and methods of information support.

Частота встречаемости внутреннего лобного гиперостоза у представителей адаптивных типов по данным краниологии

Introduction. Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a pathological condition characterized by the growth of the inner surface of the frontal bone. Most researchers describe HFI as a symptom associated with hormonal dysfunctions, which prevails in the modern population. This paper provides an analysis of HFI frequency on the craniological material of four adaptive types. Materials and methods. We have examined 2211 skulls (59 craniological collections from the Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, RAS and Federal Research Center of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences). We have analyzed the total frequency of HFI, used a comparative intergroup analysis, and evaluated the degree of HFI expression and the distribution of the trait. Results and discussion. It was found that the frequency of HFI in groups of arctic, continental and temperate adaptive types ranged from 2.3% to 4.3%, which is significantly less than in the modern population (12-37%). In the group of the tropical adaptive type, HFI was not found. As a result of a comparative study of the severity of cases of frontal hyperostosis, type A was the most common, HFI type B was less common, and type C was recorded only for one individual of the Arctic adaptive type. The reasons for the relatively low prevalence of HFI in representatives of various adaptive types are discussed. Conclusion. According to a low frequency of HFI in studied adaptive types comparing to data in modern population can be considered that adaptation to environment and life style is more important than climate and geographical features. @ 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

LA-ICP-MS APATITE FISSION-TRACK DATING OF THE SIBERIAN TRAPS INTRUSIONS: METHOD, FIRST RESULTS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION

In this paper we present the results on apatite fission-track dating, which was first performed at the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, using the laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS, Dobretsov Geological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) for two intrusions of the Siberian Permian-Triassic large igneous province: Magan alkaline-ultramafic pluton (two samples) and Kontay intrusion (one sample). The obtained AFT ages are 217.6±18.6 and 238.8±35.8 Ma (95% confidence) for the Magan intrusion and 150.0±23.0 Ma for the Kontay intrusion and mark the time since they have been cooled below 120 °C. The distributions of track lengths in apatite grains from the studied samples indicate their rapid cooling to near-surface temperatures. We provide a detailed description of the method used, and also demonstrate that the results of fissiontrack analysis performed on the "sample-to-sample" principle by the classical external detector method (EDM) and the LA-ICP-MS method in the modification of the zeta calibration coincide within the age uncertainty.

Information Support for Scientists and Specialists of Siberian Research Institutions in a Changing Scientific and Educational Environment

The economic, social and political transformations that took place in the country in the 21st century, including the reforms at the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) in 2013, significantly affected the activities of its information and library system, which is the subject of discussion at various forums of professionals. Experts are discussing the idea of the need to create a methodological association of library and information institutions, which are now under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, on the formation of regional methodological associations of scientific libraries for the sustainable development of the system of information and library support for science in the country. A brief description of the regional information and library system is presented – the system of scientific libraries of institutions of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the information and library council of scientific institutions - an advisory body designed to help library services to scientists, which operated in 1958–2012, and the experience of the State Public Scientific Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in information and methodological support for the activities of the libraries of institutes. The directions of reconstruction of the system of interaction between libraries of scientific institutions, the activities of the emerging Siberian Association of Academic Libraries are outlined.The work of the SPSTL SB RAS – the largest scientific library in Siberia - to promote library and information resources for users of libraries of research institutions is described in detail and information is provided on the scientific and methodological support for the activities of scientific libraries carried out by the SPSTL SB RAS, which contributes to the successful implementation of the tasks of developing the scientific and information sphere.

To the 65th Anniversary of the Library of the Institute of Economics and Organization of Industrial Production of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

To the 65th Anniversary of the Library of the Institute of Economics and Organization of Industrial Production of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The Memorial Electronic Information Resource Dedicated to the Baikal Researcher M. M. Kozhov

Scientific libraries are intermediaries between science and society; they concentrate scientific and popular scientific information for a wide range of users. The information block: science – library – society works. Libraries solve the issues of book preservation, documentary, archival heritage of scientists through various forms of preservation and popularization of the achievements of regional science: work with the rare collection of scientific publications (study of marks, book plates, autographs, etc. on books), publication of articles about scientists, creation of bibliographic and biographic databases (DB) and other electronic information publications of own generation.Communicative interaction between libraries, science and society is constantly expanding, including various new components of the popularization of science among young people than attract young people to science and cause interest in the profession of a scientist. The article describes the work of the Central Scientific Library of the Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of RAS in this direction on the example of the organization of electronic memorial library of Baikal scientist, Professor Mikhail Mikhailovich Kozhov.

Rare Editions of N. M. Karamzin’s Works in Novosibirsk Libraries

Lifetime and rare editions of works of great writers, researchers, public figures are of special cultural and historical value and enjoy the increased attention of the keepers of book collections and visitors of book museum exhibitions. The purpose of this article is to introduce into scientific circulation the rare copies of domestic and foreign editions of works of the historian and writer N. M. Karamzin (1766 – 1826), stored in the Novosibirsk State Regional Scientific Library (NSRSL) and the State Public Scientific and Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSTL SB RAS). Among them are books from the library of the Kolyvan-Voskresensk mining plants, including those received there from personal collections of mining engineers, copies of the journal “Vestnik Evropy” for 1802-1803 from the collection of V. S. Mikhalkov, a volume of “History of the Russian State” used in one of the oldest educational institutions in Russia – the Smolensk Boys’ Gymnasium, a volume of a lifetime edition of the “History of the Russian State”, which belonged to the historian, archaeographer P. M. Stroev, the compiler of the “Key, or alphabetical index to the “History of the Russian State” by N. M. Karamzin”.Special attention should be paid to the first complete Russian-language edition of “On Ancient and New Russia in its Political and Civil Relations”, written in 1811, addressed directly to Emperor Alexander I and for censorship reasons first published only abroad, in Berlin, in 1861. A copy from the Department of Rare Books and manuscripts of the State Public Scientific Library of SB RAS is unique in that it contains proofreading notes of the historian A. N. Pypin. Relying on this copy of the Berlin edition of N. M. Karamzin’s work and consulting the handwritten copies of it which were at his disposal, he prepared the first complete publication of the text of this manifesto of Russian conservatism in Russia in 1900 as an appendix to his monograph “Social Movement in Russia under Alexander I”. A careful study of valuable publications from the collections of Novosibirsk libraries deepens our knowledge about the book culture of Siberia and, more broadly, about the history of Russian-language book culture, about the history of the formation of Novosibirsk book collections, demonstrates the continuity of these collections in relation to the outstanding book collections of the past.

State Public Scientific Technological Library of the SB RAS: a century-long journey

One of the largest libraries in Russia on the Eurasian continent, the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSL SB RAS) in 2023 celebrates its 105th anniversary from the date of foundation (Moscow) and the 65th anniversary of its activity in the Siberian region (Novosibirsk). The library’s main periods of development from 1918 to the present are considered.

Simulation of Radiative Forcing of Smoke Aerosol in the Arctic Using Measurements in the Large Aerosol Chamber of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Simulation of Radiative Forcing of Smoke Aerosol in the Arctic Using Measurements in the Large Aerosol Chamber of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SIBERIAN BRANCH OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES IN 2022 <i>SPEECH BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SIBERIAN BRANCH OF THE RAS,</i> <i>RAS</i> <i>ACADEMICIAN V.N. PARMON</i>

For the Siberian Branch, the main tasks are the restoration of technological sovereignty in scientific instrument making, as well as in the field of resource, environmental, biomedical and food security of the country.