Shunt Motor Research Articles

Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor Shunt Berbasis PID Auto-tune Matlab

The shunt motor cannot produce large currents when starting to do a rotation as in the series coil field. This means that parallel motors have weak initial torque. When the voltage is applied to an electric motor, high resistance to the parallel coil keeps the current flowing slowly. This will affect the motor's rotational speed. To overcome this problem, a PID controller is used which detuning using the Autotuning program in Matlab. From the simulation results, it was found that the PID auto-tune control method is the best method of three simulated designs. At the speed output, the best speed is 300 rpm with the fastest settling time is 0.832 seconds, while the output current is also the best control design with a current of 1,959 amperes and the settling time is 1,523 seconds.

Instantaneous direct voltage and frequency control in DC grid tied DFIG based wind energy system

The paper presents a new configuration of DFIG based wind energy system which belongs to the connection with the DC grid/bus. The presented configuration of DFIG based wind energy systems is kind of stand-alone DC-DFIG based system where: (i) The load replaces the utility grid; (ii) the rotor is connected to the DC grid/bus/micro-grid via rotor side converter. Being a stand-alone DC-DFIG based system, only voltage and frequency regulation is considered here in this research. The rotor side converter provides the controlled amplitude & frequency of the rotor current for regulating the stator side voltage magnitude and frequency. Also, a simple and easy to implement in hardware as well as in software control technique for the rotor side converter, based on root mean square detection of stator/load voltage, is proposed in this study. The proposed configuration is found suitable in the areas having low-to-medium wind speed. The MATLAB Simulink model of 2 MVA DFIG has been considered to evaluate the performance of the system. Also, hardware set-ups comprise with (i) 3.2 kW DFIG (ii) DC shunt motor, and (iii) FPGA Altium NanoBoard3000 controller, are considered to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed configuration and controller in real time environment.

Comparative Study Between Conventional And Intelligent Methods For Controlling On Speed Of DC. Shunt Motor

Application of intelligent control methods offers the best solutions to Speed control of D.C. motors. Conventional control algorithms, though simple, have their limitations and fail in offering the required responses. In this paper, suggested a Wavelet Neural Networks (WNNs) as a powerful method to speed control of D.C.shunt motor. Feed Forward Wavelet Neural Network(FFWNN) is proposed. This method leads to enhance dynamic behavior of driving system for the motor and an immune to load disturbance. Also this proposed is compared with traditional method with conventional controller. The parameters of PID controller and suggested methods are optimized by using powerful tool is called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The D.C. shunt motor drive with FFWNN-PID controller through simulation results proves a good in the performance and stability compared with traditional approach.

Control strategies for DC motors driving rotor dynamic systems through resonance

Rotor dynamic systems require considerably higher power/torque to accelerate through the structural resonance. However, most sources of mechanical power are non-ideal, i.e., they can only provide a limited amount of power. If there is insufficient power to overcome the resonance then the rotor speed may get caught at resonance and the persistent high vibrations can damage the machine. Various proposed solutions to this problem deal with modifications to the mechanical structure and active/semi-active control of structural parameters. This article proposes modification to the prime mover so that peak available power is delivered exactly at the structural resonance frequency. The limited power/non-ideal prime mover considered in this article is a direct current (DC) motor and the structural resonance happens due to forcing from an eccentric rotor disk and vibrations of a flexible weakly damped foundation. Various control strategies to modify the torque-speed characteristics of permanent magnet, shunt and series wound DC motors to promote escape through resonance are considered. Also, the characteristic curves for rotor/motor speed versus the DC supply voltage are obtained for the considered DC motor types from which the unattainable steady angular speeds and the speed jumps due to Sommerfeld effect are computed. Transient simulations are performed using bond graph models for this multi-energy domain (here, electro-mechanical) system. It is shown that a switched control permitting to switch between shunt and series DC motor configurations gives better regulation over the power delivery at the resonant frequency as well as super-critical operating speeds in the neighborhood of structural resonance.

Modelling and Simulation of Speed Control of DC Shunt Motor using PID Controller

Modelling and Simulation of Speed Control of DC Shunt Motor using PID Controller

Dynamical Analysis of DC Shunt Motor Powered by PV Generator Using Perturbation and Observation as MPPT Technique

This paper presents the perturbation and observation (P & O) algorithm as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for the dynamical analysis of DC shunt motor fed by photovoltaic generator at different solar irradiance levels. At each solar intensity, the maximum power point of current/voltage (I/V) characteristic of the PV generator is achieved by perturbation and observation algorithm. The nonlinear behavior of (I/V) characteristics of the PV generator at various solar intensities and the magnetization curve of the ferromagnetic material of the DC shunt motor are described by high order polynomial mathematical expression. The dynamical analysis of the DC shunt motor fed by PV generator at different solar intensity has been carried out, also the dynamical analysis of DC shunt motor is investigated at a step change in solar intensity levels with fixed load at motor.

An Adaptive Speed Control Approach for DC Shunt Motors

A B-spline neural networks-based adaptive control technique for angular speed reference trajectory tracking tasks with highly efficient performance for direct current shunt motors is proposed. A methodology for adaptive control and its proper training procedure are introduced. This algorithm sets the control signal without using a detailed mathematical model nor exact values of the parameters of the nonlinear dynamic system. The proposed robust adaptive tracking control scheme only requires measurements of the velocity output signal. Thus, real-time measurements or estimations of acceleration, current and disturbance signals are avoided. Experimental results confirm the efficient and robust performance of the proposed control approach for highly demanding motor operation conditions exposed to variable-speed reference trajectories and completely unknown load torque. Hence, laboratory experimental tests on a direct current shunt motor prove the viability of the proposed adaptive output feedback trajectory tracking control approach.

Experimental Evaluation of Performance of Constant Power Prime-Mover Driven Isolated 3-φ SEIG for Pico-Hydro Power Generation System in Remote Mountainous Region of Himalayas

This paper presents the experimental evaluation of the performance of 3-φ self-excited induction generator (SEIG) suitable for pico-hydro power generation system feeding domestic load in remote mountainous region. The use of induction generators is most suitable for renewable energy conversion systems due to their enormous advantages over conventional synchronous generators. Important features of induction generators include the simplicity in construction, ruggedness, simplified control, ease in maintenance and small size per generated kW. The performance characteristics of 3-φ SEIG feeding isolated load are evaluated using MATLAB-Simulink model based on the prevalent renewable energy sources inputs and loading conditions in mountainous terrain of Himalayas. The results are validated using an experimental set-up comprising of 3-φ, 3 HP induction motor run as 3- φ induction generator driven by 5HP, 4-pole DC shunt motor acting as prime-mover.

Modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine using laboratory simulator

An important challenge associated with wind power is the unpredictable nature of the wind. As wind power forecasting is usually based on the relationship between wind speeds and wind power, wind farm data is a critical prerequisite for wind speed prediction, meanwhile it plays an important role on the reliability and safety of the grids. For development of new controls, converter topologies, modulation methods, and maximum power extraction algorithms for wind energy conversion systems, the provision of a controlled test environment showing dynamic and steady state characteristics of wind turbines is desired. In this paper, a small scale wind turbine experimental laboratory model based on separately excited dc-shunt motor and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is proposed, which reproduces the static and dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine without any wind environment. A programmable wind speed model is established that can satisfactorily simulate the spatial effect of the wind behavior, including gust change, ramp variations, and noise effect. The dynamics of the simulator is studied using the drive train model of the armature controlled dc shunt motor. A microcontroller along with high frequency buck converter has been used for acceleration and deceleration of the dc motor. It is shown through the frequency response characteristics that the simulator model approximates the wind turbine model dynamics. Simulation and experimental results illustrate that the speed of the motor changes with variation in the applied terminal voltage, like in the real wind turbine where the turbine speed changes according to the wind speed. Simulation results are obtained through PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software and experimental results are obtained through the programmable microcontroller used with the DC-motor-PMSG set.

POWER QUALITY ANALYSIS USING LABVIEW

In the present scenario the ever increasing existence of non linear loads and the increasing number of distributed generation power systems in electrical grids modify the characteristics of voltage and current waveforms in power systems, which differ from pure sinusoidal wave. The target of this paper is to design an accurate measurement system and display the system parameters under distorted system conditions. Harmonics, Sub Harmonics, and Inter Harmonics are measured and displayed using LabVIEW. The voltage and current are sensed using sensors for various loads, which are then interfaced with the PC using DAQ (Data Acquisition) card and displayed using LabVIEW. The Hardware implementation includes setting up of test systems such as diode bridge rectifier and thyristor based converter with various loads such as resistive, inductive and DC shunt motor. Experimental results obtained for various loads and source conditions are cross verified with theoretical analysis. The response obtained in hardware and simulation proves the effectiveness of the system.

Similarity in fuzzy systems

This paper proposes to study the concept of similarity and its use in the design of fuzzy system. The concept of similarity relation is effectively used in fuzzification of crisp values. Similarity index is used in measuring approximate (graded) equality of fuzzy sets over a given universe of discourse. It is proposed to use such an index in modifying a fuzzy relation. Different similarity measures in the literature are elucidated, and a comparative study between different pairs of fuzzy sets is presented. One of these similarity measures has been used successfully in rule selection and modification of a fuzzy relation. In the process, a number of modification schemes based on different logic have been extensively studied for different reasoning mechanisms based on the same data and results are tabulated. A specificity-based approach to defuzzification is also presented, which is found to be suitable for similarity-based fuzzy systems. The results are illustrated with the behaviour of a direct current (DC) shunt motor.

DC Shunt Motor Control using Wavelet Network

this paper, a dc shunt motor with fixed speed control system is presented, a wavelet neural network control scheme is proposed to control the speed of shunt DC motor, the wavelet neural network (WNN) is used and optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The performance is measured depending on values of mean square error (MSE). The work is divided into two sections, in the first section, the feedback control system is implemented using wavelet neural network, buck DC\DC converter and DC shunt motor model, the parameters of wavelet neural network is optimized using PSO. In the second section, number of measurements are used to calculate the response of DC shunt motor depending on the different torque values. Simulation of DC Shunt motor is specially designed to test and implement the proposed control schemes using MATLAB Version 7.12.0.635(R2011a).

Reliability evaluation of SEIG rotor core magnetization with minimum capacitive excitation for unregulated renewable energy applications in remote areas

This paper presents reliability evaluation of residual magnetism in rotor core of the induction motor operated as SEIG using probability distribution approach and Monte Carlo simulation for unregulated renewable energy applications in remote areas. Parallel capacitors with calculated minimum capacitive value across the terminals of the induction motor operated as SEIG with unregulated shaft speed are connected during the experimental study. A three phase, 4poles, 50Hz, 5.5hp, 12.3A, 230V induction motor coupled with DC Shunt Motor is tested in the electrical machine laboratory with variable reactive loads. Using this experimental study, it is possible to choose a reliable induction machines operated as SEIG for unregulated renewable energy application. Failure density function, cumulative failure distribution function, survivor function, hazard model, probability of success and probability of failure for reliability evaluation of the three phase induction motor operating as a SEIG have been presented graphically in this paper.

On mechanical governors for electric motors

In this work I propose a mechanism whereby a Watt mechanical governor can be used in the context of electric motor control. The motor considered is the shunt or parallel dc motor, in which flux weakening is used as a speed regulation strategy. Connection of the governorballs to a variable resistor in series with the stator circuit results in automatic flux weakening as the motor speed changes, and this phenomenon can be used to alter the torque-speed characteristics of the motor in the desired manner. After demonstrating the details of this process under the steady state assumption, I construct the dynamic model for the combined motor–governor arrangement. The system is a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations. Linearization about the fixed point yields the conditions for stable operation and also shows the possibility of a Hopf bifurcation. I introduce a self-consistent procedure for finding the characteristics of the limit cycle. The existence of this limit cycle is supported by numerical simulations.

Speed control of a DC motor using Controllers

This paper describes the speed control of a DC shunt motor using conventional controllers (PID, IMC) and Fuzzy Logic controller based on Matlab Simulation program. A mathematical model of the process has been developed using real plant data and then conventional controllers and Fuzzy logic controller has been designed. A comparative analysis of performance evaluation of all controllers has been done.

A novel approach of testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems based on failure evolution mechanism

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.

Automatic lifting system design and application of large load powered support test rig

This paper presented a design of an automatic lifting system. It is used for large load powered support and improves the old method wherein powered support lifting depends on manual control. This system applies a high accuracy gear shunt motor to match the flow for 4 lifting cylinders, and also allocates bypass throttles to realize automatic lifting. Through the displacement sensor feedback the height deviation among 4 lifting cylinders during the whole lifting process, when the deviation is up to the sitting value, the corresponding bypass throttle is operated immediately to reduce the deviation, so that the moving platform of the powered support would not be stuck. Through real application, it is shown that this system can realize automatic lifting of powered support; the lifting speed is controlled between 5 and 10 mm/s, and the final aligning accuracy is up to 1 mm.

직류 분권전동기의 속도 특성

It is well known that speed of a direct current shunt motor is inverse proportional to flux. This paper presents speed expression to show that speed is not inverse proportional to flux. The presented speed vs. flux curves are verified by experimental result that shows the need of the revision of speed vs. flux curves shown in conventional text books.

Adhesive Arachnoiditis With Extensive Syringomyelia and Giant Arachnoid Cyst After Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia

A case report of a patient with adhesive arachnoiditis after combined spinal and epidural anesthesia. To report an extremely rare case of paraplegia due to adhesive arachnoiditis with extensive syringomyelia (ES) and a giant anterior arachnoid spinal cyst (AASC) after spinal and epidural anesthesia for obstetric surgery. Progressive inflammation of the arachnoid mater due to trauma, infection, or hydrocortisone was reported as early as the 1970s. However, coexistence of ES and a giant AASC after spinal and epidural anesthesia is extremely rare. A 29-year-old woman suffered from sudden anuresis 5 months after spinal and epidural anesthesia for a cesarean section and subsequently experienced paraplegia and numbness below the chest. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an AASC compressing the spinal cord at T1-T6 and an adhesive lesion at T7. Posterior laminectomy at T6-T7 and adhesiolysis for arachnoid adhesion at T7 were performed. Although there was slight recovery of locomotive function postoperatively, it gradually worsened until 3 years after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging at that time demonstrated a giant AASC and ES at the lower-thoracic cord. The cord compressed by the AASC became thinner sagittally. Secondary surgery involving posterior laminectomy at T5-T6 and insertion of a cyst-peritoneal shunt into the AASC was performed. The patient could walk without a cane 3 years after the shunt operation, although numbness and motor weakness of the lower extremities remained. Magnetic resonance imaging 3 years after the shunt operation showed a reduction of the AASC and decompression of the cord despite no improvement in ES. This is the first report of a patient with a giant AASC and ES caused by spinal and epidural anesthesia. Although the optimal surgical treatment for these conditions remains unclear, shunting of the cyst effectively prevented the progression of symptoms.

Analysis of Noise Emitted from Electrical Machines Using TOPSIS Technique

This paper studies the noise emitted from different types of electrical machines having various rating. Noise related parameters like LAeq (Equivalent continuous A- weighted sound level), LAE (Sound exposure level), LAV (Average sound level) and TWA (Time weighted average level) are measured in a machine laboratory. TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), an important MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) tool, is used to identify the best alternative. After analyzing the noise exposure parameters from the electrical machines by TOPSIS technique, it is found that the DC Generator, Wound Rotor Induction Motor, and DC Shunt Motor are emitting maximum noise and are set as the worst machine for controlling the noise, causing environmental pollution in full order. Index Terms—Noise dosimeter, LAeq (equivalent continuous A-weighted sound level), LAE (Sound exposure level), LAV (Average sound level), TWA (time weighted average level), MCDM (multi criteria decision making), AHP (analytical hierarchy process), TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution).