Shunt Active Power Filter Research Articles

Analysis of the Influence of the 6-Pulse Thyristor-Bridge Input Reactor Size on the Shunt Active Power Filter Work Efficiency: A Case Study

This paper presents a case study in which the influence of the 6-pulse thyristor-bridge input reactor size on the shunt active power filter (SAPF)’s work performance is investigated. The purpose of using an SAPF in the power system is in most cases for fundamental harmonic reactive power compensation, harmonics and asymmetry mitigation. The work efficiency of such a filter depends not only on the designed control system, interface filter and dc-link capacitor parameters, but also on the parameters of the electrical system in which it is connected. Therefore, it is necessary to study and know the power system (supplier and consumer sides) before its installation. For instance, in the electrical system with diode or thyristor-bridge as loads, the SAPF performance efficiency may not be satisfied due to the high rate of current change (di/dt) at the points of commutation notches. In this paper, the performed simulation and laboratory experiments show that for a better operating efficiency of the SAPF, the input reactor parameters should be selected based not only on the effective reduction in the inverter switching ripple or the control system demand, but also on the parameters of the load, such as the parameters of the diode or thyristor-bridge input reactor. Apart from the experimental demonstrations on how the input reactor size influences the SAPF work efficiency, the novelties in this paper are: the formulated recommendations on how to choose the SAPF input reactor parameters (the SAPF is more efficient in terms of harmonics, asymmetry and reactive power mitigation when the inductance of its input reactor (L-filter) is smaller than the one of the diode or thyristor-bridge input reactor); the proposed SAPF control system; the proposed expressions to compute the SAPF input reactor inductance, DC voltage and capacitor.

Simulation and real time implementation of shunt active power filter for power quality enhancement using adaptive neural network topology

With the rise in non-linear loads, the need for a veracious power filter to alleviate voltage and current harmonics for meeting power quality has been a challenging requirement of the existing power system. This paper presents a systematic approach to improve power quality with a shunt active power filter (SAPF). The controller consists of a neural network approach to enhance the switching control of SAPF under dynamic and non-linear loading conditions. DC link voltage has been regulated using proportional-Integral (PI) control. To extract reference current, instantaneous-reactive power (IRP) theory has been used. IRP theory employing indirect current control strategy provides reference source current signals as well as regulated PWM switching signals for hysteresis control. An ADALINE network has been devised to extract fundamental signals from the polluted supply voltage. The model has been simulated on the MATLAB®/Simulink platform and validated by SAPF prototype in the laboratory using the TMS320F28335 floating-point DSP controller.

Novel Asymmetric/ Symmetric Half-Cascaded Multilevel Inverter for photovoltaic based shunt active power filter to mitigate power quality issues

Photovoltaic (PV) technology has been recently developing and upgrading with regard to the rapid and high request from various agricultural, domestic and industrial electric power systems. Due to feasibility and reliability of Multi-Level Inverter (MLI), it can be effectively implemented in the photovoltaic systems. The large number of switches used in the MLIs is their main drawback which leads to lack of cost-effectiveness and high Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). In this paper, a novel Asymmetric/Symmetric Half-Cascaded MLI (ASHC-MLI) which contains low number of switches is proposed to attain a cost-effective structure. After that, PV panels have been used as power sources of this structure to construct the overall Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter (SHAPF) for mitigating the power quality problems. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the proposed ASHC-MLI, it has been compared with the prominent and inventive MLI structures in both asymmetric and symmetric statuses. Meanwhile, the understudy power system has been affected by different current distortions so that the harmonic elimination capability of the proposed SHAPF can be well revealed. The evaluation analysis has been simultaneously performed for the conventional active power filter to appropriately validate its harmonic elimination capability.

Harmonic oscillation analysis and stabilization method comparison of shunt active power filter in full compensation mode

AbstractThe harmonic compensation of SAPF (shunt active power filter) may trigger harmonic oscillation due to the interaction with grid impedance and non‐linear loads, which distorts the power quality. In previous research, the relevant mechanism has been studied. However, the SAPF generally employs complex harmonic detection algorithm, which significantly increases the computational demands. The SAPF in full compensation mode can effectively solve this problem. But the modification of harmonic detection link may change the oscillation mechanism and previous stabilization methods need to be re‐evaluated. Therefore, this paper establishes the small signal model of the SAPF system in full compensation mode and investigates its oscillation mechanism. It is revealed that harmonic compensation and passive resonance collectively induce the harmonic oscillation. Based on the model, the working mechanism and application performance of the main stabilization methods proposed in the past (harmonic virtual admittance and harmonic compensation canceling) are analyzed and compared. However, neither of them can achieve effective stabilization without sacrificing the performance of compensation. Consequently, the harmonic phase compensation method is proposed to achieve the stabilization of the SAPF system in full compensation mode without affecting normal compensation. Finally, simulations and experiments are performed to verify the mechanism analysis and proposed methods.

Design and Simulation of Hybrid Shunt Active Filter for PQ Improvement using PID Genetic Algorithm Controller in 3ϕ-4 Wire System

This paper provides an economical solution and advanced method by tuning and optimizing system for power in the transmission line. The proposed system uses PID Genetic Algorithm (GA) controller in three phase four wire system for Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization under balanced load conditions. In this article, traction load model is taken into consideration to evaluate the designed Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for reduction of harmonics in three phase four wire system. Many existing SAPF models were tested using non-linear diode rectifier load for analysis. The GA technique for the reduction of harmonics is used to tune PID parameters such as a proportional (Kp), Integrator (Ki), and Derivative (Kd). In contrast with other controllers such as PI Controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Hysteresis Controller (HC), Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) and Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT), the performance of the proposed controller is compared. The performance of the designed controller with GA adjusted PID is validated at various loading conditions by comparing it to the performance of the existing system. The outcomes are addressed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the created system.

Mitigation of PQ issues in EV charging station connected distribution system using novel RSMLI-based shunt APF

<span>In the present scenario, the significant use of electric vehicles (EVs) is growing rapidly in the automotive industry due to cheaper transportation, no fossil fuel required, low maintenance, no fuel cost, and low impacts on the environment over the formal internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. In actuality, these EVs are powered by batteries that are charged by a utility-grid-based charging facility. A power-electronic conversion-based charging device is used in this charging station to charge the battery packs in the EV system. The problem statement of this work is identified, these conversion devices in charging units proliferate the power quality of the utility grid. To overcome these problems, a classical square-wave inverter-based active power filter (APF) is employed. The major problems in classical inverters are high common-mode voltage, more harmonic profile, high dV/dt stress, high switching stress, and low efficiency. The contribution of this work is proposing the multilevel inverter (MLI) based APF for better compensation over classical inverters. In this approach, a novel reduced-switch MLI-based APF has been proposed for the mitigation of harmonic currents and also enhances the power factor in utility-grid-connected distribution systems. The effectiveness of the proposed reduced-switch multilevel inverter (RSMLI)-APF is validated by integrating the number of charging units with the MATLAB/Simulink tool, and simulation outcomes are shown along with comparisons.</span>

Self-adaptive fault-tolerant control strategy of shunt active power filter based on multicellular converter

Self-adaptive fault-tolerant control strategy of shunt active power filter based on multicellular converter

Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement of Renewable Energy Systems: A Case Study

This paper introduces an application of an active power filter (APF) in a real industrial zone smart grid for power quality (PQ) improvement issues. The random harmonics generated by on-grid PV inverters and non-linear loads that represent the topology of the industrial smart grid are mitigated, also the reactive power, voltage levels, and power factor were adjusted using a shunt active power filter (SAPF). Detailed design of APF and its hysterics control strategy were presented using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software package. The results prove that SAPF is an effective device to mitigate total harmonic distortion (THD), and has a fast dynamic response to regulate the grid's power factor (PF).

A modified hysteresis current controller with DFCEA for current harmonic mitigation using PV-SHAPF

ABSTRACT A Modified Hysteresis Current Controller (MHCC) with Dual Fundamental Component Extraction Algorithm (DFCEA) is presented in this paper. Its purpose is to improve the current harmonics mitigation performance of a three-level T-type inverter-based Shunt Active Power Filter (SHAPF) while operating under non-sinusoidal voltage conditions. The DFCEA is responsible for isolating the fundamental voltage and current components that are necessary for synchronizing each phase and producing the reference current. The existing dual fundamental component extraction technique is updated in order to create the optimized reference currents that are required by the proposed PV-linked T-Type inverter-based Shunt Active Power Filter (PV-SHAPF). This was done in order to meet the requirements of the PV-SHAPF. It is also anticipated that it is excellent at extracting reference currents even under situations of voltage that are not optimum. To maintain the dc-link capacitor voltage at 600 V, a control algorithm of the dc-link capacitor known as the ‘DC link voltage controller’ is used. Both control algorithms are tested in a three-phase T-Type inverter-based PV-SHAPF by simulating them in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. The performance of the MHCC-DFCEA that was designed to mitigate current harmonics was proven by the findings that were gathered.

Interval Type - 2 Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Enhencement

Frequent wide spread of power electronics equipment to consumers have led to power quality problem in power system network, as a result to their nonlinear in nature. Due to this problem, current and voltage wave forms are no longer sinusoidal, which resulted in harmonics on them. Various methods have been deployed in order to mitigate the harmonic issues, like passive power filters and shunt active power filters. Presently, passive power filters are limited in used, because of its demerits as it produced parallel resonances, heavy in size and mitigate few harmonics. With the advancement in technology, shunt active power filters have become superior to passive power filters due to its limitations. Shunt active power filters was tested for suppressing harmonics produced by nonlinear loads. This article, used synchronous reference frame (SRF) in generating harmonic produced by nonlinear loads. However, T2FLC is utilized in controlling the DC bus voltage of the filter constant. Hysteresis current controller was introduced for firing the gating signal of the IGBT inverter circuit. MATLAB software was deployed in the simulation work. Results obtained have satisfied the tolerable 2014 revised harmonics limit.

TLBO-trained ANN-based Shunt Active Power Filter for Mitigation of Current Harmonics

The increased utilization of nonlinear devices is resulting in damage to power distribution infrastructure by introducing harmonics into power system networks, which in turn causes distortion in voltage and current signals. A novel solution called Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) has been developed to address this issue using power electronics. This study aims to provide a method that is efficient and cost-effective for lowering harmonics and improving power quality in distribution infrastructure. The proposed method combines the Teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) technique with an Artificial Neural Network Controller (TLBO-ANN) in conjunction with SAPF. The primary objective of the TLBO-ANN algorithms in SAPF is to minimise total harmonic distortion (THD) for maximum system efficiency. Initially, Gain values (Ki, Kp) for a regular Proportional-Integral controller are optimised with the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) technique. Those optimized parameters obtained from the PSO-tuned PI controller serve as input and target datasets for training the ANN controller. Subsequently, the TLBO algorithm is utilized to further refine the ANN controller by finding the optimal weight and bias values. Using MATLAB/SIMULINK software, we compare the performance of the proposed algorithm to that of the PSO-tuned PI controller and traditional PI controller. The findings from the simulation suggest that a SAPF utilizing a TLBO-trained ANN controller could improve THD in the supplying current while maintaining harmonics within IEEE-519 accepting levels.

Power Quality Improvement using Shunt Active Power Filter: An Industrial Zone Case Study

Power quality (PQ) improvement using active power filters (APF) is a topic of growing interest. APFs are effective in reducing harmonic distortion and improving power factor. They can be used in a variety of applications to improve the performance and reliability of electrical equipment. To address concerns with PQ improvement, this study offers an application of shunt APF in an industrial zone smart grid. the non-linear loads and unpredictable harmonics produced by on-grid PV inverters that represent the architecture of an industrial smart grid. Utilizing the MATLAB/SIMULINK software suite, a detailed design of the APF and associated hysteresis current control technique is provided. The findings demonstrate that APF is a useful tool for reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) and has a quick dynamic reaction to control grid voltage and power factor.

Challenges of ANN in Adapting to Abrupt Parameters Variations for Shunt Active Filter

The purpose of the shunt active power filter (SAPF) goes beyond simply improving power factor; it also aims to mitigate unwanted harmonic currents generated by nonlinear loads. This research introduces a SAPF equipped with an identification and control method utilizing artificial neural networks (ANN). Various techniques are employed for harmonic identification, including traditional p-q theory and the relatively recent approach of artificial neural networks. Achieving satisfactory identification and control characteristics is challenging when dealing with the nonlinearity of the system, particularly in situations involving rapid nonlinear load fluctuations. This study represents a systematic effort to address this challenge by enhancing the SAPF with a method for harmonics identification and DC link voltage control based on ANN. This approach is tested on the SAPF under conditions of fast, nonlinear load variations. The study includes both computer simulations and experimental results, which provide evidence of the viability and effectiveness of the proposed active power filter.

Instrumentation for Verification of Shunt Active Power Filter Algorithms.

This article presents a comprehensive system for testing and verifying shunt active power filter control methods. The aim of this experimental platform is to provide tools to a user to objectively compare the individual control methods. The functionality of the system was verified on a hardware platform using least mean squares and recursive least squares algorithms. In the experiments, an average relative suppression of the total harmonic distortion of 22% was achieved. This article describes the principle of the shunt active power filter, the used experimental platform of the controlled current injection source, its control system based on virtual instrumentation and control software and ends with experimental verification. The discussion of the paper outlines the extension of the experimental platform with the cRIO RTOS control system to reduce the latency of reference current generation and further planned research including motivation.

Mitigation of Grid Current Harmonics by ABC- ANN based Shunt Active Power Filter

Harmonics are being introduced into power system networks as a result of the increasing use of nonlinear devices. These harmonics cause distortion of current and voltage signals, which in turn causes damage to power distribution systems. As a result, the suppression of harmonics is of extreme significance in power systems. This paper proposes Shunt Active Power Filters (SAPF) based on neural network algorithms like Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a feasible approach to mitigating harmonic distortion and raising power quality in electrical distribution systems. This research shows that using shunt active power filters (SAPF), which use the Artificial Bee Colony Optimized Artificial Neural Network Controller (ABC-ANN), is an efficient method for enhancing power quality and minimizing harmonic distortion in distribution systems. The ABC-ANN algorithms have been produced for SAPF with the goal of improving system performance by reducing Grid current Harmonics .In the first stage of this work, PSO Technique is used to tune a standard PI controller to its optimum gain values (Ki ,Kp). Then, these target and input data of PSO tuned PI controller will be supplying inputs to the ANN controller. To find the optimal weight and bias values, this ANN controller has been tuned with the help of the ABC algorithm. Using MATLAB/SIMULINK software, we compare the performance of the proposed algorithm to that of other optimization algorithm like Differential Evaluation (DE) algorithm, as well as the PSO tuned PI controller and traditional PI controller. The findings from the simulation suggest that a SAPF utilizing an ABC trained ANN controller could improve THD in the supplying current while maintaining harmonics within IEEE-519 accepting levels.

Hybrid One-Cycle-PI Control Algorithm for Shunt Active Power Filter in Mitigating Harmonic Currents

The quality of current waveforms, such as the presence of the harmonic components at the point of common coupling of various consumers, deteriorated due to the nonlinear load applications. Hence, a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) is used to mitigate harmonic pollution in an electrical network. The heart of the SAPF operation is the current control technique. The choice of current control techniques significantly impacts the SAPF performance. As a result, a Hybrid One-Cycle-PI Control (HOCPIC) is proposed to work as a single-phase SAPF's current controller. The HOCPIC utilises a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to minimise the error signal. As a result, the THD value of the supply current is reduced to 3.20% using the SAPF-based HOCPIC compared to 3.99% when using the SAPF-based OCC. The result proves that the SAPF-based HOCPIC performs better in compensating harmonic currents than the SAPF-based OCC.

Enhancement of power quality in grid-connected HRES using UPQC with self-improved Battle Royal Optimizer in IEEE 14 bus system

The integration of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) in grid-connected load systems has become popular due to its ability to enhance reliability and reduce losses. However, this integration can lead to power quality (PQ) issues caused by non-linear, critical, and unbalanced load conditions. To address these PQ issues and compensate for load demand in HRES systems, a new method called Self-Improved Battle Royal Optimizer (SI-BRO) has been proposed. This method involves the use of a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) device, which is designed to improve the system’s PQ performance. To enhance the performance of the UPQC device, an optimized fuzzy logic controller is introduced in the series and shunt active power filter, and its parameters are optimized using the SI-BRO model. The proposed method is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink, and its effectiveness is evaluated through different scenarios in IEEE 14 Bus system. These scenarios include the introduction of a nonlinear load to create PQ issues, and the comparison of Sag, Swell, and fluctuation of proposed technique i.e. SI-BRO optimizer with BRO,HHO ,EHO optimizer and calculation of THD in proposed technique.In all cases of Sag,Swell, Fluctuation , the proposed techniques gives better results in comparison to BRO,HHO & EHO.

SAPF based on ANN-Second Order Generalized Integrator for Harmonic Absorption

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to provide a photovoltaic (PV)-based generation system that is coupled with a shunt active power filter (SAPF) in order to effectively compensate for reactive power and mitigate harmonics. The Solar Active Power Filter is made up of a DC link capacitor, a voltage source inverter (VSI), and a solar production system. With the assistance of an active power filter, the current harmonics that are brought on by nonlinear loads are capable of being significantly decreased. The artificial neural network is presented as a solution for both the generation of the reference current and the regulation of SAPF. Calculating the reference source current for SAPF requires the use of the Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI), which is coupled with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controller. ANN is also notable for its high compatibility with digital implementation, control performance, and blazingly quick dynamic reaction times. The created controller is validated with the assistance of MATLAB simulations in order to demonstrate the efficacy and superior concert of the proposed methodology

Multifunctional Control Technique for Grid-Tied Hybrid Distributed Generation System Taking into Account Power Quality Issues

This paper proposes a new multifunctional control technique for a grid-connected hybrid distributed generation system composed of a photovoltaic system and a wind power system based on a voltage source converter (VSC). Indeed, aside from the generation and the injection of energy into the grid, the proposed system deals with power quality issues caused by harmonics generated by non-linear loads in order to keep the source current uncontaminated. The VSC serves to first ensure that the power generated from the hybrid renewable energy source is fed to the utility grid and acts as a shunt active power filter in case an abnormal increase in the THD of the source current above the standard permissible values is detected due to the non-linear load connection. The two sources of the hybrid system are connected to a common DC bus to simplify the control and reduce the cost of the system, and a maximum power point tracking controller is used for both sources. The major advantage of this novel proposed multifunctional control technique is its ability to inject harvested power into the grid while simultaneously ensuring the compensation of the harmonics and reactive power. The proposed multifunctional control technique is validated through an extensive simulation analysis using MATLAB/Simulink.

Active disturbance rejection control of an islanded PV/wind/battery microgrid with power quality enhancement by SAPF

<p><span lang="EN-US">The focus in this study is on an islanded microgrid based on hybrid renewable energy sources and storage systems. This latter is considered as an essential element for all off-grid autonomous systems to offer a reliable and stable operation. The proposed system is composed of a photovoltaic system, a wind power system based on a synchronous generator and a storage system. The proposed control strategy is intended to control, through the load side converter (LSC), the AC bus voltage in terms of amplitude and frequency under different operating conditions, and to obtain, through the bi-directional battery side converter (BSC), a better regulation between the available production and the global load demand. The proposed strategy also contributes to the power quality improvement in the AC bus by controlling the PV inverter to work as a shunt active power filter to provide the required harmonic current component to non-linear loads. A new robust control strategy for internal current and voltage control loops is proposed in this research paper, it’s the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and it is based on the extended state observer which allows to estimate all disturbances affecting the control, such as modeling errors and parameter variations.</span></p>