Shoulder In Children Research Articles

CT evaluation of the shoulder in children with Erb's palsy

The majority of children with traumatic injuries of the brachial plexus recover with only minor sequelae. Some patients develop residual deformity, however. This deformity may consist only of internal rotation contractures, but in some patients subluxation of the humeral head may be present. CT is useful in the evaluation of: the presence or absence of subluxation, deformity of the glenoid and the proper placement of the humeral head in plaster or orthotic devices.

Orthopedic Problems of the Shoulder and Neck

If one excludes trauma, problems of the neck and shoulder in children are relatively uncommon. Still, the pediatrician or family practitioner should have sufficient familiarity to provide the family with appropriate counseling and referral. This article emphasizes the common problems, but also notes less common conditions that, if unrecognized, may have serious impact on the health and well-being of the child.

Septic shoulders in children: D. Schmidt, S. Mubarak, and R. Gelberman. J Pediatr Orth 1:67–72, 1981

Septic shoulders in children: D. Schmidt, S. Mubarak, and R. Gelberman. J Pediatr Orth 1:67–72, 1981

Septic shoulders in children.

A review was carried out on nine children who were diagnosed and treated for septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint at the University of California, San Diego affiliated hospitals. Eight of the nine patients were under 18 months of age at the time of diagnosis. Three patients had a history of antecedent trauma, and four had a previous or concurrent source of infection. The longest delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 30 days with the majority being diagnosed within 4 days of onset. Laboratory findings revealed a mean white blood cell count of 17,400 and a mean temperature of 39.3 degrees C. The sedimentation rate was always greater than 30 mm and averaged nearly 60 mm in these nine patients. Joint cultures were positive for a variety of organisms. Early radiographic findings often demonstrated widening of the joint space. Associated osteomyelitis of the proximal humerus was present in five of nine patients. Once the diagnosis has been established by aspiration, we recommend arthrotomy. Important aspects of the surgery include drainage of the joint and bicipital recess, and drilling of the proximal humeral metaphysis to rule out osteomyelitis or to more adequately decompress the bone.

Orthopedic Problems of the Shoulder and Neck

If one excludes trauma, problems of the neck and shoulder in children are relatively uncommon. Still, the pediatrician or family practitioner should have sufficient familiarity to provide the family with appropriate counseling and referral. This article emphasizes the common problems, but also notes less common conditions that, if unrecognized, may have serious impact on the health and well-being of the child.

Early arthrodesis for a flail shoulder in young children

In seven children, five to nine years old, with a flail shoulder and a functional hand and elbow, arthrodesis of the shoulder in 80 to 90 degrees of abduction was performed by denuding the humeral head and glenoid of cartilage and fixing the humerus to the glenoid with Steinmann pins first inserted in the humerus in a proximal-distal direction and then driven in the reverse direction into the glenoid. Postoperatively each limb was immobilized in a spica cast, the pins were removed after a month, and the cast was removed after ten to twelve weeks when union was evident. All seven fusions united and function was much improved. When these children were followed to adult life there was only a small loss in humeral length and no change in position of the fused shoulder. Early arthrodesis is advocated in the treatment of a flail shoulder in children.

Arthrodesis of the shoulder in children following infantile paralysis.

Arthrodesis of the shoulder in children following infantile paralysis.

Tuberculosis of the Shoulder in Children

Tuberculosis of the Shoulder in Children