Shot Case Study Research Articles

Clinical Manifestation of Differentiation Syndrome Diagnosis in Hypertension

Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease known by the increasing level of blood pressure and the symptoms continue to the target organ. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in acupuncture diagnosis has a different perspective regarding the clinical manifestations of hypertension as shown in organ phenomena and as syndrome differentiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical manifestations and the diagnosis of syndrome differentiation in patients with hypertension. The research method was a quantitative study with one shot case study approach. The research sample was taken by using purposive sampling technique as many as 40 respondents. The results showed that the majority of respondents had hypertension in grade I conditions (57.5%), with a diagnosis of excess syndrome (75%), and liver fire flaring upward (50%). Respondents showed symptoms of irritability (67.5%), tremor (25%), tingling sensation (25%), headache (75%), epigastric pain (70%), insomnia (32.5%), nausea (10 %), and blurred vision (100%). On inspection of the tongue, it was found that the majority of the tongue was red, swollen and yellow tongue coating (67.5%), while on palpation of the pulse there was a wiry pulse (100%), rapid pulse (100%), thready pulse (52.5%), powerful pulse (75%), and weak pulse (25%). This research is the basis for the development of diagnostic in acupuncture science and acupuncture health services for people with hypertension.

Perbandingan Ekstrak Warna Daun Jati (Tectona Grandis) Dan Ekstrak Warna Daun Pacar (Lawsonia Inermis L) Terhadap Hasil Pewarnaan Rambut

People really like hair coloring. However, most people do not know about natural dyes that can be used as basic ingredients for making hair dye and also lack understanding in choosing natural dyes used for coloring. For this reason, safe alternative dyes are needed, namely by developing natural dyes from plants that can be found nearby. This research aims to a) Analyze the results of hair coloring using teak leaf color extract, b) Analyze the results of hair coloring using henna leaf color extract, c) Analyze the comparison of hair coloring results using duan teak color extract and henna leaf color extract. This type of research is pre-experimental. The design used is a one shot case study. The population of this research is students of Cosmetology and Beauty, Class of 2023, Padang State University with 6 samples and 7 panelists. Data collection techniques are observation, documentation and questionnaire methods. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test and t test. Based on the results of research on hair coloring using teak leaf color extract, the color sharpness aspect is in the sharp category. In terms of evenness, the color has an uneven category. In terms of likes, panelists have categories of likes. Based on the results of research on hair coloring using henna leaf color extract, the color sharpness aspect is in the very sharp category. In the aspect of color evenness, it has an average category. In terms of likes, the panelists have a very like category. It can be concluded that there is a difference in the results of hair coloring using teak leaf color extract and henna leaf color extract. Where the average results of hair coloring using henna leaves are better than hair coloring using henna leaf color extract.

THE EFFECT OF MINERAL WATER AND RUNNING 400 METERS 3×3 ON PULSE RATE

This study aims to investigate the effect of mineral water consumption and physical activity in the form of running 400 meters (3 rounds 3 times) on a person's pulse rate and the difference in pulse rate for each set. The implementation of the test was carried out in the running track of the SSA pontianak stadium, this study checked the pulse before carrying out the test for 10 seconds, after which a light jogging warm-up for 10 minutes and continued by doing the test that had been determined. The research was conducted by measuring the subject's pulse before and after consuming mineral water, as well as before and after undergoing physical activity in the form of running 400 meters for 3 rounds 3 times. With a data collection method of one shot case study, the sample taken was 10 people, 6 men and 4 women from students of Sports Coaching Education (PKO) Tanjungpura University Pontianak. The data obtained was analyzed using the ANOVA test using the SPSS application. The results analyzed by the ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference, the results showed a significance value of 0.357> 0.05, therefore it can be concluded that 240ml mineral water does not have a significant effect on pulse performance when doing more effort than usual. This study provides insight into how mineral water consumption and physical activity can affect a person's pulse rate, which is important for further understanding of cardiovascular health

SHEEP FARMER'S RESPONSE TO COUNSELING ON CHATGPT UTILIZATION IN PURWABAKTI VILLAGE PAMIJAHAN DISTRICT BOGOR REGENCY

Sheep farmers' knowledge of information technology is still low. This condition leads to low sheep productivity. The objectives are to find the responses of sheep farmers regarding the use of ChatGPT for searching information and analyze the influence of internal and external factors on the responses of sheep farmers, and formulate strategies to improve the response. The assessment design was one shot case study, with sampling technique using purposive sampling, with 30 respondents. The assessment will be carried out in Purwabakti Village, Pamijahan District from April to June 2023. Data processing used descriptive analysis to determine the response, multiple linear regression analysis to determine the influence of independent variables on farmer responses, and SWOT analysis to formulate strategies to improve farmer responses in Purwabakti Village. The results showed that sheep farmers in Purwabakti Village, had a good response about the used of ChatGPT for information search. Factors that influence farmers' responses include aged, non-formal education, raising livestock experienced, number of livestock ownership, quota expenditure, and internet access time. The strategy to increase farmers' response to search information with ChatGPT is to implement an aggressive strategy, namely by carrying out technology skills training and mentoring

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Materi Bentuk Aljabar Kelas VII UPTD SMP Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar

The aim of this research aims to see the influence of the Think Pair Share Type Cooperative Learning Model on Students' Ability to Understand Mathematical Concepts in Algebra Form Class VII UPTD SMP Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research, because the data and research are in the form of numbers and require statistical calculations. In this research, the design used is a Pre-Experimental Design in the form of a One Shot Case Study. In this design, there is treatment given to the experimental class, namely the application of the Think Pair Share type cooperative learning model. This research was carried out in class VII UPTD of SMP Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar which is located on Jl. Laguboti Ujung, Martimbang Village, District. South Siantar, Pematang Siantar City. In this research, the sampling technique used is probability sampling with simple random sampling type. Based on the results of the research and discussion previously presented, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of the Think Pair Share type cooperative learning model on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VII students at UPTD SMP Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar Q.A 2023/2024. This influence can be seen through the regression equation Y = 11.572 + 0.140 H1 is accepted and the magnitude of the influence on the coefficient of determination is 23.2%.

Perbandingan Penggunaan Blush on Liquid dan Powder Terhadap Hasil Rias Wajah Panggung Pada Kulit Berminyak

Blush on has a function to give blush to the cheeks. The proper use of blush on affects the makeup results. The research aims to analyze the differences in makeup results using liquid blush and powder blush on oily skin. It was a pre-experimental research with one shot case study. The population was female students majoring in cosmetology and beauty aged 19-25 years. The sample was 2 female students who had oily skin types selected using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques using observations, documentation and questionnaires. After the data obtained, normality and homogeneity test were carried out, and a hypothesis test using T test. The results showed that there was a difference in the subtleties of the use of blush liquid and powder on makeup of oily skin. This was evidenced by the analysis of the value of p = 0.003 (p < 0.05). In the flatness indicator, a p value = 0.029 (p < 0.05) is obtained, meaning that there was a difference in the flatness of the use of blush liquid and powder to the makeup on oily skin. In the resistance indicator, a value of p = 0.014 (p < 0.05) is obtained, meaning that there was a difference in the resistance of the use of blush liquid and powder to the makeup on oily skin.

Pengaruh Teknik Ice Breaking (Mencairkan Suasana ) Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Satu Atap Negeri 5 Pangururan Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dan Budi Pekerti Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Ice Breaking Technique on the Learning Motivation of Class VIII Students at One Roof Middle School Negeri 5 Pangururan in Christian Religious Education and Character Education Subjects for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research method used is a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design type in the form of a One Shot Case Study. The population is all 102 class VIII students at One Roof 5 Public Middle School in Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year and a sample of 41 people was determined using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 28 items, namely 12 items for variable Negeri 5 Pangururan Subjects of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for the 2023/2024 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test, obtained a value of rxy = 0.456> rtable(α=0.05,n=41)=0.308. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 3.200> ttable (α =0.05, dk=n-2=39)= 2.021. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 20.8%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount> Ftable=( α =0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=41-2=39) namely 10.24>1.92. Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Siswa Kelas IX SMP N 1 Salak Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Academic Year 2023-2024. The research method used is a quantitative research method and a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was all class IX students of SMP N 1 Salak, totaling 146 people and a sample of 32 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 17 items and 17 items of observation sheet for variable Y. The results of data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Motivation to Learn Christian Religious Education in Class IX of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Year Teachings 2023-2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.547 > rtable(a=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.576 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂=24.26+0.57X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 29.9%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=14, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 12.78 > 2.01. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Time Token Terhadap Keaktifan Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Siswa Kelas Xl SMK N 1 Siatas Barita Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of using the Time Token Type Cooperative Learning Model on the Active Learning of Christian Religious Education Students in Class XI of SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita. The research method used is a quantitative method and this type of research is pre-experimental design in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population is all students at SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita Class XI who are Protestant Christians, 422 people and a sample of 33 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using an observation sheet with 15 items for variable North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.544 > rtable(α=0.05,n=33) = 0.344. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.607 > ttable(α=0.05, dk=n-2=31)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 29.6%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(α=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=33-2=31) namely 13.01 > 1.62. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pengaruh Model Active Learning Tipe Team Quiz Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dan Budi Pekerti Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Uluan Kabupaten Toba Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the team quiz type active learning model on students' learning motivation in the Christian Religious Education and Character Education subjects in class The research method used is a quantitative method, pre-experimental design type one shot case study. The population is all students of class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 52 items, namely 24 items for variable SMA Negeri 1 Uluan, Toba Regency, Academic Year 2023/2024: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained a value of rxy = 0.596 > rtable(a=0.05,n=35) = 0.334. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 4.267 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=33)= 2.042. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="41.27"+0.66X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.6%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=20, dk denominator=n-2=35-2=33) namely 18.21 > 1.62. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Video Pembelajaran Terhadap Minat Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen dan Budi Pekerti Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Balige T.P 2023/2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the use of learning videos on interest in studying Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Balige T.P 2023/2024. The method used in this research is a quantitative method, with a one shot case study experimental approach. The population was all class Data was collected using observation and a questionnaire totaling 48 items, namely 22 items for variable Negeri 1 Balige T.P 2023/2024: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.549 > rtable(=0.05,n=36) = 0.329. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 3.827 > ttable(=0.05,dk=n-2=34)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="23.97"+0.88X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 30.1%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=22, dk denominator=n-2=36-2=34) namely 14.65 > 1.62. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Two Stay to Stray (TS-TS) Oleh Guru PAK Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a positive and significant influence of the Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta, Humbang Hasundutan district for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was 177 students from class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year and a sample of 32 people was determined using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using an observation sheet with 19 items for variable SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta, Humbang Hasundutan district, 2023/2024 academic year: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) Test a positive relationship, the value of rxy = 0.595 > rtable(=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.050 > ttable(=0.05,dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="7.36"+0.29X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.4%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=8, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 16.36 > 2.27. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) pada Sekolah Dasar

This research is a preliminary research that contains efforts to apply the contextual teaching learning model at the elementary school level. This study also aims to determine student responses to the application of the contextual teaching learning model in grade 4 students of SD Negeri Pangestu. This study uses a research design with a "One Shot Case Study" design, which is research conducted by giving certain treatment to research subjects, in this case the contextual teaching learning model. The data obtained were then analyzed using research methods to the students. In this study, researchers used questionnaire data collection techniques. The questionnaire data used in this study was student motivation data. From data processing, research results were obtained which showed that student responses to learning with the contextual teaching learning method received a positive response from students with 9.0.82% of students liking to follow learning with the CTL model. And 87.90% of students agree that the CTL learning model is applied to Indonesian language learning in the future.

Pengaruh Kegiatan Lempar Tangkap Bola Terhadap Motorik Kasar Anak Pada Usia 5-6 Tahun di Paud Anugerah GKPI Pearaja Tarutung

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of ball throwing and catching activities on the gross motor skills of children aged 5-6 years at PAUD Anugerah GKPI Pearaja Tarutung. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental type of research in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population is all group B students (aged 5-6 years) at PAUD Anugerah GKPI Pearaja Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 40 people and this research is population research. Data was collected using an observation instrument of 15 items. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of throwing and catching balls on the gross motor skills of children aged 5-6 years at PAUD Anugerah GKPI Pearaja Tarutung: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by the value rxy = 0.556 > rtable(a=0.05,n=40) = 0.312, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.126 > ttable(a=0.05,dk=n-2=38)= 2.021, thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. c) Test the regression coefficient of determination (r2) = 30.9%.2) Influence test: Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="14.87"+0.54X. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Engklek Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di Paud Anakkonhi Do Hamoraon di Ahu

The purpose of this research is to know influence of traditional engklek games on gross motoric development of children aged 5-6 years in early childhood education anakhonhi do hamoraon di ahu. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with type study pre-experimental design type one shot case study . The population is all children Aged 5-6 Years in Early Childhood Education Anakhonhi Do Hamoraon di Ahu Sisordak Village Subdistrict Parmonangan in total 30 people. Data is collected by item observation closed positive as many as 30 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is an influence of the game traditional crank to development motor rough child ages 5-6 years in early childhood education Anakhonhi Do Hamoraon Di Ahu : 1) Analysis requirements test: a) a positive relationship test obtained r xy = 0.565 > r table ( a = 0.05, n = 17 ) = 0. 482 Thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) A significant relationship test is obtained by tcount = 2.651 > ttable ( a = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 15 ) = 2, 131 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: Test the regression equation, the regression equation Y ̂="7.10"+0.85X is obtained. Testing the hypothesis using the F test obtained Ftable=(a=0.05, dk quantifier k=13, dk denominator=n-2=17-2=15) = 2.40 then Fcount > Ftable which is 7.03 > 2, 40.Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.

Efektivitas Komposting Limbah Padat Serai Wangi Dengan Menggunakan EM4 dan Mikro Organisme Lokal (Nasi Basi dan Serai Wangi)

Unused citronella solid waste can disturb the view and has the potential to pollute the environment, a solution that can be done is to process citronella solid waste into compost. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of composting citronella solid waste using EM4 and local micro-organisms (stale rice and citronella). This type of experimental research and research design is a one- shot case study. By using EM4, moles of stale rice, moles of citronella and carried out 3 repetitions and obtained 9 samples. Collecting data by observing, measuring and laboratory tests. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis test. As for the results of data analysis, namely the p value on NPK is > 0.05, then the NPK in citronella solid waste compost using EM4, MOL of stale rice and MOL of citronella there is no significant difference. Laboratory results on citronella solid waste compost with EM4, MOL of stale rice and MOL of citronella produce Nitrogen and C/N values that do not meet the requirements of SNI 19-7030-2004. Composting citronella solid waste using EM4 and Local Micro-Organisms (stale rice and citronella) is not effective because at the end of composting it produces a low Nitrogen value and a high C/N rasio

Efektivitas Penggunaan Metode Qur’any dalam Memperlancar Membaca Al-Qur’an Siswa

Efforts to improve the ability to read the Qur'an in students certainly cannot be separated from the efforts of teachers and madrasahs who have a goal for the success of students. Because the ability to read includes skills that are learned intentionally, The purpose of this study was to find out how effective the Qur'anic method is for the fluency of reading the Koran for students at Segodorejo Middle School, Jombang. This study uses a quantitative method with a one shot case study research design. The sample used was class VII students, as many as 16 students. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out using psychomotor assessment sheets and documentation. After the data is collected, prior to analysis, the data normality test is first performed, and the sig value is obtained. of 0.354, then carried out a comparative test in the form of a one-sample T-test, obtaining a sig. of 0.000, which means less than a, which is 0.05. From the data, it is also known that the calculated t value is 14.158 for the previous value and 13.703 for the after value. Then the calculation of the t count and t table for the value before is 14.158 > 2.145, and the calculation of the t count and t table for the value after is 13.703 > 2.145, which means hypothesis 0 is rejected and hypothesis 1 is accepted. So it can be concluded that the use of the Qur'anic method has proven effective in facilitating students' reading of the Qur'an.

Analysis of Creative Thinking Skills Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning in Physics Education Students

This study aims to analyze students' creative thinking skills based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in basic physics 1 subject, the physics education study program at Pattimura University. The research subjects were 22 students in semester 1 class of 2022. This research uses quantitative and qualitative descriptive research types. The research design used is a one shot case study. The instruments in this study are, 1) Observation sheets, to assess student creativity during the learning process. 2) Questionnaire sheet, to see student responses related to CTL learning and creative thinking skills. Data analysis in this study was carried out using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that indicators of creative thinking skills have percentages, namely Elaboration of 60.61%, Flexibility of 57.58%, and Originality of 56.06%. The three indicators have percentages above 50% and the average final score for creative thinking skills for physics students class of 2022 is 58.08. So it can be said that creative thinking skills are sufficiently mastered by students. Student response data to learning using the CTL model was obtained at 73.27% in the satisfactory category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that students' creative thinking skills based on CTL are sufficiently mastered by students

Kemampuan Menulis Paragraf Aksara Jawa Menggunakan Metode Cycle Learning Kelas XI SMKN 1 Sayung Demak Tahun Ajaran 2022

This study was motivated by the lack of ability of students of class XI RPL SMKN 1 Sayung in writing Javanese characters in Javanese subjects. Related to the formulation of the problem, the research examines a problem, namely how is the ability of students to write a paragraph using Javanese characters in class XI RPL SMKN 1 Sayung? This study aims to describe the results of the ability to write a paragraph using Javanese characters in class XI RPL SMK Negeri 1 Sayung 2022. This research is included in descriptive quantitative research by making One Shot Case Study as a design. This study uses a population of students in class XI RPL SMK Negeri 1 Sayung. Taking the sample by doing purposive sampling technique, in the study the sample was all students in class XI RPL SMK Negeri 1 Sayung which totaled 24 students. This data collection uses experimental techniques. It has become the basis of the analysis that has been studied, it is known that there are 24 students with the results of 20 students who have completed, namely 83% and there are 4 students who are not complete, namely as much as 17%. The resulting value of the class average on the test is 74 and already includes a value higher than the KKM determined by the school which is 65. The results obtained may indicate that writing paragraphs in Javanese language lessons is a difficult task for students of class XI RPL SMK Negeri 1 Sayung Demak. The data is obtained from the test of writing a Javanese paragraph using aspects of knowledge and skills. Students can know and understand how to write paragraphs in Javanese appropriately.

Optimasi Kinerja Alat Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Melaui Studi Perbandingan Komposisi dan Ketebalan Sampel-KBr

Problems often occur in sample testing using the FTIR instrument, one of which is that the spectrum quality of the measurement results is not optimal. This has implications for the accuracy of the test results. This condition indicates that the performance of the tool is not optimal. The non-optimal quality of this spectrum is thought to be influenced by the composition factor and the thickness of the sample-KBr which is measured not in accordance with the legibility limits of the instrument. To overcome this problem, it is important to conduct a study to find out the optimum composition and thickness of the KBr-sample which can be measured properly by the instrument. The purpose of this study was to optimize the performance of the FTIR device through a study of the optimum composition and thickness of the KBr-sample so that a good spectrum was produced in the sample measurement using FT-IR type IRAffinity-1 Shimadzu. This research is an experimental research with infrared spectrophotometry method, using the One Shot Case Study design. The treatment is a measurement of the variation in the composition of the sample-KBr and the thickness of the sample. The spectrum resulting from the reading of the FT-IR spectrophotometer is interpreted to include wave number and transmittance percent. The results of the readings of each variation are compared with the standard spectrum to see the optimization of the measurement results so that the best spectrum is obtained. The results showed that the optimum ratio of the sample-KBr composition was 4% and the optimum thickness was 1/2 pan.