Short-term Resistance Research Articles

Advancing gender equality in international ocean science: Participatory approaches for institutional actions

Gender inequality in international marine and ocean science is an ongoing barrier to ocean governance sustainability goals and requires systemic institutional transformation. Examining how participatory approaches can be applied at international level and contribute to advancing a gender equality agenda can help identify pathways for change. This study uses a timeline of a feminist participatory action research (FPAR) to explore its application within the International Council of the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), working with its community of marine science professionals, to advance gender equality. By documenting and mapping formal and informal actions against a theory of change, the research reveals that stages of awareness, understanding, and action are dynamic and overlap. Despite varying degrees of short-term acceptance and resistance, ongoing community engagement, monitoring, and evaluation is essential for fostering longer-term change. The analysis demonstrates how FPAR can be applied in an intergovernmental organization, with multiple factors, including drivers, data collection, co-creation through dialogue, and specific actions contributing to driving a change agenda and the formulation and publication of a gender equality plan for the organization. The results demonstrate that meaningful actions can occur at various scales, with participatory engagement as central. The results provide evidence of how gender equality as a global meta-norm is diffused into practice and are discussed in the context of the limitations of formal gender equality plans to realize change.

Respiratory physiological mechanism of two types of equal-intensity inspiratory muscle training in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the respiratory physiological changes resulting from short-term inspiratory resistance training (R-IMT) and inspiratory threshold training (T-IMT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to compare the mechanisms of the two training methods. Patients and methodsA total of 75 stable patients with COPD combined with inspiratory muscle weakness were randomly allocated to three groups: R-IMT (n = 26), T-IMT (n = 24), and control (n = 25). Before and after 8 weeks of inspiratory muscle training(IMT), cardiopulmonary exercise tests were conducted to assess respiratory patterns, respiratory central drive, exercise tolerance, and ventilation efficiency. ResultsAfter 8 weeks of IMT, Inspiratory muscle strength, represented by MIP (maximum inspiratory mouth pressure) and exercise capacity increased during exercise in both IMT groups (P < 0.05). In the R-IMT group, inspiratory time (Ti) prolonged (P < 0.05), tidal volume (Vt) increased (P < 0.05), ventilation efficiency (represented by ventilation-center coupling) increased (P < 0.05) during exercise. Conversely, the T-IMT group did not exhibit any of these changes after IMT (P > 0.05). ConclusionIn summary, the improvement in exercise tolerance was associated with an increase in inspiratory muscle reserve in both R-IMT and T-IMT. However, only R-IMT was associated with deeper and slower breathing, as well as improved ventilation efficiency.

Effects of short-term resistance training on oxidative stress, lipid panel, liver and kidney function in patients with and without type 2 diabetes

Effects of short-term resistance training on oxidative stress, lipid panel, liver and kidney function in patients with and without type 2 diabetes

Investigating the synergistic anti-aging effects of Sasobit and recycled engine oil in styrene-butadiene rubber modified asphalt

During the preparation of asphalt mixtures, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) polymers are susceptible to thermal decomposition, which can significantly impair the binder’s low-temperature performance. This study explores the potential of combining warming agents with waste materials to enhance the low-temperature properties and aging resistance of the binder. Specifically, it examines the synergistic impact of Sasobit/recycled engine oil (Sasobit/REO) composites on the rheological and physical attributes of styrene-butadiene rubber asphalt binder (SBRAB). Utilizing fluorescence microscopy (FM), bending beam rheometer (BBR), and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), the study assesses the aging resistance and modification mechanisms of Sasobit/REO on SBRAB. The findings indicate that the incorporation of Sasobit/REO composites more effectively reduces the mix preparation temperature than either component alone. The preparation of Sasobit/REO warm mix asphalt mixtures is feasible at temperatures 20°C lower than those required for traditional hot mixtures. These composites also enhance the performance of SBRAB at both high and low temperatures, counteracting the adverse effects associated with the individual use of Sasobit or REO. This reduced short-term aging temperature is beneficial in lessening the negative impact of high temperatures on SBRAB’s performance. Moreover, the addition of Sasobit/REO composites significantly improves the thermal cracking resistance of SBRAB mixtures. The study also demonstrates that Sasobit/REO enhances the short-term and long-term aging resistance of SBRAB, paving the way for the broader application of this novel warm mix additive in the asphalt industry.

Impact of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis on blood stream infection during early treatment phase of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An observational cohort study

PurposeData on the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is scarce and recent guidelines advise against its use. This study is conducted to evaluate if the use of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis is associated with a decrease in blood stream infection (BSI) incidence in children with newly diagnosed ALL. MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational cohort study. Patients were newly diagnosed with ALL between 2020 and 2021 (prophylaxis group) or 2021–2022 (no prophylaxis group). Primary outcome was occurrence of BSI caused by Gram-negative pathogens or Staphylococcus aureus during induction or consolidation I. Secondary outcomes were Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission, mortality, ciprofloxacin resistance and Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). ResultsTwo hundred patients were included (prophylaxis group n=94, no prophylaxis group n=106). Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis was associated with significantly lower BSI-incidence (HR 0.37; 95 % CI 0.15–0.94) There was no significant difference for BSI-related PICU admission (OR 0.37; 95 % CI 0.04–3.61), BSI-related mortality (1.1 % vs 0 %), all-cause mortality (OR 0.55; 95 % CI 0.10–3.10), and short-term resistance rates (16.0 % vs 13.0, OR 1.2; 95 % CI, 0.57–2.74) or CDAD (0 % vs 0.9 %) between the prophylaxis group and no prophylaxis group. ConclusionThe use of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis was associated with a significantly lower incidence of BSI. While this finding shows the beneficial effect of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in the first treatment phase of ALL, RCTs with a large sample size are needed, particularly to assess the effect on ciprofloxacin resistance.

A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF TECHNICAL ANALYSIS IN PREDICTING SHORT-TERM PRICE MOVEMENTS IN THE STOCK MARKET

This research explores the efficacy of technical analysis in predicting short-term stock market movements. The study investigates various technical analysis tools, including support and resistance levels, Fibonacci retracement, and swing highs and lows, applied to a selection of stocks from Bank Nifty. The primary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of these tools in forecasting price trends and providing actionable trading insights. Data was analyzed over a five-year period, utilizing a blend of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Findings indicate that while technical analysis provides significant insights into market behavior, its effectiveness can vary widely depending on market conditions and the specific tools used. The research contributes to academic discourse on market efficiency and offers practical implications for traders and financial analysts by enhancing the understanding of technical analysis as a robust component of trading strategy development in the volatile environment of stock trading. Keywords : Short term Price Movements, Support and Resistance Level, Fibonacci Retracement, Swing highs and lows, Technical Analysis, Stock Market, Bank Nifty.

Leaching-induced deterioration of shear bonding strength and micro-Vickers hardness of the ITZ modified by micro-SiO2 and nano-SiO2

The interfacial transition zone (ITZ) serves as a critical juncture between aggregate and cement paste in concrete, particularly vulnerable to calcium leaching. This study investigates the impact of water-cement (w/c) ratio and micro-SiO2 and nano-SiO2 content on the deterioration of shear bonding strength and micro-Vickers hardness of the ITZ during leaching. Analysis of ITZ micro-structure and elemental composition is conducted using backscattering electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy (BSEM/EDS), and a deterioration model for the shear bonding strength of the leached ITZ is established. Results indicate that during leaching, shear bonding strength and micro-Vickers hardness of the ITZ are approximately 28 % and 67 % of those of the cement paste, respectively. A linear relationship between the shear bonding strength of the ITZ and its micro-Vickers hardness is observed when employing the same type of admixture. Mechanical properties and leaching resistance of the ITZ diminish progressively with increasing w/c ratio. Conversely, they exhibit an initial enhancement followed by decline with increasing micro-SiO2 and nano-SiO2 contents, with optimal contents of 8 % and 2 %, respectively. Micro-SiO2 and nano-SiO2 are found to enhance long- and short-term leaching resistance of cement-based materials, respectively. Additionally, the shear bonding strength of the ITZ decreases linearly with increased degree of area leaching. These findings enhance our understanding of the deterioration behavior of the ITZ and provide an important foundation for studying the durability changes of concrete subjected to calcium leaching.

Proteomic Profiling of Muscular Adaptations to Short-Term Concentric Versus Eccentric Exercise Training in Humans

The molecular mechanisms underlying muscular adaptations to concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) exercise training have been extensively explored. However, most previous studies have focused on specifically selected proteins, thus, unable to provide a comprehensive protein profile and potentially missing the crucial mechanisms underlying muscular adaptation to exercise training. We herein aimed to investigate proteomic profiles of human skeletal muscle in response to short-term resistance training. Twenty young males were randomly and evenly assigned to two groups to complete a 4-week either ECC or CON training program. Measurements of body composition and physiological function of the quadriceps femoris were conducted both before and after the training. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis of randomly selected participants (five in ECC and four in CON) of both before and after the training were analyzed using the liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in combination with bioinformatics analysis. Neither group presented a significant difference in body composition or leg muscle mass; however, muscle peak torque, total work, and maximal voluntary contraction were significantly increased after the training in both groups. Proteomics analysis revealed 122 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs; p value < 0.05 & fold change >1.5 or <0.67) in ECC, of which the increased DAPs were mainly related to skeletal muscle contraction and cytoskeleton and enriched specifically in the pentose phosphate pathway, extracellular matrix–receptor interaction, and PI3K−Akt signaling pathway, whereas the decreased DAPs were associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain. One hundred one DAPs were identified in CON, of which the increased DAPs were primarily involved in translation/protein synthesis and the mitochondria respiratory, whereas the decreased DAPs were related to metabolic processes, cytoskeleton, and de-ubiquitination. In conclusion, the 4-week CON and ECC training resulted in distinctly different proteomic profiles, especially in proteins related to muscular structure and metabolism.

Short-term resistance training combined with cheese supplementation can optimize body parameters and intestinal microbiota in healthy adults

Background/ObjectiveResistance training (RT) and protein supplementation have beneficial effects on the human body. However, it is unknown if RT's health-promoting benefits are enhanced by food-borne protein, such as cheese supplements. This study investigated at how the body composition, lipid profile, muscle strength and intestinal microbiota changed following four weeks of RT combined with cheese supplementation. MethodsThirty-five male and untrained adults were divided into 4 groups [control group (CON), low-dose group (LG), medium-dose group (MG), and high-dose group (HG)] and underwent a 4-week RT (3 times/week) in combination with cheese supplementation. Participants received 108 g (LG), 216 g (MG), or 324 g (HG) of cheese on the day of RT, and each serving (108 g) of cheese contained 6.7 g of food-borne protein. The RT program was a whole-body program with movements such as chest presses, leg presses, seated rowing, knee extensions and triceps pushdown. The exercise consisted of 3 sets of 8–12 repetitions at 70%RM, with a 120-s break in between. Body parameters (body composition, lipid profile and muscle strength) were assessed at baseline and after the 4 weeks of the intervention. The feces sample was taken every weekend. A two-way (group × time) mixed-design ANOVA was used to examine the body parameters. Independent one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between groups in baseline characteristics and different values of each parameter. ResultsHDL-C level was higher in MG than in LG. In comparison to LG, MG had lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body weight, body mass index, body fat mass and body fat percentage. However, there was no difference in muscle strength between in the four groups. The abundance of Actinobacteria was higher in LG and Erysipelotrichaceae was lower in MG and HG. ConclusionThe findings suggest that cheese could be a readily available food-borne protein supplement to enhance the beneficial effects of RT on health. It may improve body composition and lipid profile by altering the proportion of intestinal microbiota. During the 4-week RT intervention, 13.4 g of foodborne protein in the form of cheese 3 times per week was the ideal dosage.

Microstructure and ablation behaviour of C/C-SiC-ZrC-Cu composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration

To satisfy the requirements for the new generation solid rocket motors on high ablation-resistant throat materials, an idea that merges passive and active thermal protection together was applied to modify carbon/carbon composites. In this study, SiC and ZrC were used as passive thermal protection materials along with the active thermal protection material Cu to modify C/C composites. C/C-SiC-ZrC-Cu composites were prepared by two-step reactive melt infiltration, which involved the infiltration of Si/Zr followed by Cu/Ti. The Cu content of the C/C-SiC-ZrC composites was controlled by controlling the open porosity of the porous C/C-SiC-ZrC composites. Microstructure, composition and ablation resistance of the C/C-SiC-ZrC-Cu composites were investigated. The results showed that the composites with high Cu content and density exhibited excellent short-term ablation resistance under the 42 kW plasma flame, with a negative linear ablation rate after 20 s of ablation. The active heat dissipation of Cu during the ablation process results in a significant reduction of the thermal response temperature on the composite surface. Moreover, the generated Si-Ti-Zr-O layer could form an effective barrier to protect the matrix.

Exploring the relationship between sputter-deposition conditions and electrochemical response of ZrO2 films on biodegradable MgZnCa alloy

In this work, we investigated the enhancement of corrosion resistance in a biodegradable Mg-0.7Zn-0.6Ca (wt. %) alloy (MgZnCa) by applying ZrO2 thin films deposited via reactive magnetron sputtering. We employed a fractional factorial experimental design to systematically examine the influence of the deposition power, deposition time, and O2 fraction on the effectiveness of the ZrO2 thin film in preventing corrosion of the Mg alloy. Our analysis revealed that the ZrO2 thin films exhibited a monoclinic crystal phase and maintained stoichiometry across various O2 fractions. Interestingly, we observed a 78% roughness reduction when using the lowest O2 fraction, while roughness increased with the deposition power and time. The corrosion response of bare and ZrO2-coated MgZnCa alloy was assessed by electrochemical techniques and detection of H2 production during the Mg corrosion via gas chromatography. The optimal set of deposition conditions, essential for enhancing the short-term corrosion resistance of magnetron-sputtered ZrO2 coatings, involves maximizing thickness through high power (400 W) and extended deposition time (90 min). It is crucial to balance these factors while maintaining an appropriate O2 fraction (20%) to ensure the formation of a stoichiometric film. Avoiding excess oxygen is imperative, as it can lead to undesirable intergranular porosity and surface roughness. This optimization resulted in a 46% reduction in the evolution of H2 gas compared to the bare MgZnCa alloy. Overall, this work sheds light on the potential of ZrO2 thin films as effective corrosion-resistant coatings for MgZnCa alloys, emphasizing the critical role of deposition parameters in achieving superior protection against corrosion.

The foundational economy and the economic resilience of Czech and Slovak regions during four recessions

In this paper, the authors analyze the relationships between the foundational economy and the economic resilience of Czech and Slovak regions during four different waves of economic recession. The effects of specialization in the material and providential foundational economies, the automotive industry, and business services on short-term regional resistance measured by relative unemployment changes were tested during the global economic crisis (“the Great Recession”), the austerity crisis, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the Russo-Ukrainian War. The association between current and past recessions and the type of regions (old industrial, rural) and regional resilience were also examined. Spatial lag regression models showed that regional economic resilience patterns varied significantly from one economic shock to another. The effects of the foundational economy were weaker than expected and non-significant in case of the material foundational economy.

Short-term acidification promotes diverse iron acquisition and conservation mechanisms in upwelling-associated phytoplankton

Coastal upwelling regions are among the most productive marine ecosystems but may be threatened by amplified ocean acidification. Increased acidification is hypothesized to reduce iron bioavailability for phytoplankton thereby expanding iron limitation and impacting primary production. Here we show from community to molecular levels that phytoplankton in an upwelling region respond to short-term acidification exposure with iron uptake pathways and strategies that reduce cellular iron demand. A combined physiological and multi-omics approach was applied to trace metal clean incubations that introduced 1200 ppm CO2 for up to four days. Although variable, molecular-level responses indicate a prioritization of iron uptake pathways that are less hindered by acidification and reductions in iron utilization. Growth, nutrient uptake, and community compositions remained largely unaffected suggesting that these mechanisms may confer short-term resistance to acidification; however, we speculate that cellular iron demand is only temporarily satisfied, and longer-term acidification exposure without increased iron inputs may result in increased iron stress.

Multi joint short term resistance training strength zone evaluated on maximal strength, maximal ısometric strength, peak isom reach, maximal isometric endurance and muscular local endurance in resistance trained men

To resistance trained men multi joint short term strength zone periodization for strength training non-periodic progression producted by performing peak isom reach periodize model on maximal strength and maximal isometric strength for peak isom reach periodize model for strength development on isometric strength. Other maximal isometric endurance and muscular local endurance were provided on load-time curve intensity in muscular isom change load intensity. In this case, determination on strength zone periodization was performed on 1-5RM strength zone one session set-up and maximal isometric strength on load-time curve at peak isom reach development. The peak isom reach for periodic strength sessions were conducted on strength/speed at 80% of 1RM (2.5 s) and maximal strength/force at 90% of 1RM (4 s) on maximal isometric strength. Indeed, multi joint strength zones developed the maximal squat (ES=0.55; p=0.000; t=-4.837), bench press (ES=0.46; p=0.000; t=7.386) and deadlift (ES=0.50; p=0.000; t=-4.837) in resistance trained men. This study were noted to peak isom reach periodize model performance developed on multi joint load repetition may be use for maximize performance in continuum repetition zone..

Pathological and structural study of cardiac striated muscle and quadriceps along with the study of microscopic changes in liver, kidney and lung tissue following short-term and long-term resistance exercises in male rats

Background. Resistance exercise is a method designed to increase muscle strength and endurance, leading to beneficial physiological changes in various tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathological and structural effects of short-term and long-term resistance training on various tissues of male rats, including cardiac striatum, quadriceps, liver, kidney, and lung tissue. Methods. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: one-month control, four-month control, one-month exercise, and four-month exercise. After the exercise period, the animals were anesthetized and dissected to separate various tissues, which were then treated with formalin and prepared for analysis. Results. The study findings showed that liver tissue did not show significant histopathological changes in response to exercise. However, in the heart tissue, mild hyperemia and hypertrophy of muscle cells were observed in the exercise groups compared to the control groups. In the quadriceps muscle, hypertrophy was observed to a lesser extent in the one-month exercise group and to a greater extent in the four-month exercise group. There was a significant difference in the diameter of the muscle cells of the quadriceps muscle between the one-month and four-month exercise groups, indicating the beneficial effects of long-term exercise. Additionally, an increase in the size of the epithelial tissue of the urinary tubes was observed in both exercise groups, which indicates an increase in kidney function due to exercise. Conclusion. Overall, the results of this study show that resistance exercise can lead to beneficial physiological changes in various tissues, especially with long-term exercise. Understanding these changes can increase our knowledge about the benefits of exercise. Practical Implications. Resistance exercises, through actions such as hyperemia, hypertrophy of muscle cells, and hypertrophy of the epithelial tissue of urinary tubes, improve the efficiency of the heart, kidneys and muscles during sports exercises, especially with long-term exercise.

The Effects of a Short-Term Combined Exercise Program on Liver Steatosis Indices and the Lipidemic and Glycemic Profile in NAFLD Individuals: A Pilot Study.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a very common liver disease associated with obesity, unhealthy diet, and lack of physical exercise. Short-term aerobic or resistance exercise has been shown to result in reduced liver fat in patients with NAFLD; however, the impact of the combination of these types of exercise has received less attention. This study investigated the effect of a short-term (7 days) concurrent exercise training program performed daily on liver steatosis indices, as well as the glycemic and lipidemic profile of overweight/obese sedentary volunteers. Twenty adult patients (age: 47.3 ± 12.3 yrs, body mass index: 32.4 ± 3.4 kg/m2) with NAFLD, detected by ultrasound and hematological indices, participated in the study. Pre- and post-exercise intervention assessment included body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), hip/waist ratio (H/W), Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, and steatosis indices. Fatty Liver Index, Lipid Accumulation Index, WC, H/W, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were improved (p < 0.05) post-exercise, while no differences (p > 0.05) were observed in BW, HOMA-IR, HDL, LDL, Hepatic Steatosis Index, and Framingham Steatosis Index compared to pre-exercise values. It is concluded that a 7-day combined exercise program can have beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis and central adiposity indices, independently of weight loss, in patients with NAFLD.

Enhanced membrane fouling by microplastics during nanofiltration of secondary effluent considering secretion, interaction and deposition of extracellular polymeric substances

Microplastic (MP) has been found to influence membrane fouling during microfiltration/ultrafiltration processes in direct and indirect ways by acting as fouling components and changing microbial activities, respectively. However, there is no relevant research about the contribution of MPs to nanofiltration membrane fouling. In this study, for the first time, the impacts of MPs on membrane fouling during the nanofiltration of secondary effluent (SE) were systematically investigated from the perspective of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion, their interaction with coexisting pollutants and also deposition. Membrane flux behaviors indicate that MPs simultaneously aggravated the short-term and long-term membrane fouling resistance of nanofiltration by 46 % and 27 %, respectively. ATR-FTIR, XPS and spectrophotometry spectra demonstrate that the deteriorated membrane fouling by MPs directly resulted from the increased accumulation of protein-like, polysaccharides-like and humic-like substances on membranes. EEM spectra further confirmed that MPs preferred to induce serious cake layers, which dominated membrane flux decline but hindered pore fouling. According to CLSM and SEM-EDS mappings, MPs in SE could stimulate microbial activities and then aggravate EPS secretion, after which their interaction with Ca2+ was also enhanced in bulk solution. The cross-linker nets could promote the deposition of other unlinked pollutants on membranes. Besides, MPs could weaken the rejection of certain dissolved organic matters (from 57 % to 52 % on the 50th day of filtration) by aggravating cake-enhanced concentration polarization (CECP), but improved the average removal of inorganic salts from 58 % to 63 % by improving their back diffusion through cake layers. Based on these analyses, the mechanisms of MP-enhanced membrane fouling during the nanofiltration of SE can be thoroughly revealed.

Theory of short-term and long-term resistance of structures based on the principle of plastic fracture

The authors analyze the theory used in many countries, containing two independent directions: 1) the theory of stability of rod systems, including flat frames; 2) the theory of calculation of structural elements from various materials. The main feature of these theories is the application of the principle of plastic fracture. The assumption about a plastic hinge, due to the inconsistency with the experimental data, is supplemented by the incorrect application of theories of infinite elastic deformations, as well as of infinite creep deformations, which are incompatible with this hinge. Using the rules of mathematics, the principles of mechanics and the results of reliable experiments, it has been revealed that the analyzed theory contains several theories for different applications that reject each other, including the erroneous ones.

Modulation of structure and corrosion behavior of Si-DLC coatings on AZ31 by applying a self-source bias

The Si-DLC coating was fabricated on AZ31 via a dual system consisting of a self-source bias and a meshed plasma immersion deposition, where the incident ion energy can be modulated by the self-source bias. The structure was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The corrosion behavior was evaluated using an electrochemical workstation. The utilization of the bias significantly densifies the coating structure, producing a nano-sized SiC phase and elevating its corrosion resistance. Notably, the −500 V bias coating exhibits superior short-term corrosion resistance. Interestingly, the high-energy ion bombardment produced by the high bias induces carbon diffusion in the coating, leading to the formation of a nano-ceramic TiC interface, which further enhances the corrosion resistance of the Si-DLC coating. Moreover, the increase in bias is accompanied by a decrease in surface porosity, hydrogen content, and sp2/sp3 ratio. In addition, the mechanisms involved in the formation of the TiC nano-interface and the corrosion resistance of the coating are analyzed and explained. A modulated approach to enhance the corrosion resistance of Si-DLC coatings and provide protection against magnesium alloys is achieved by dense structures resulting from high-energy ion bombardment.

Microstructure and long-term corrosion resistance of plasma-sprayed FeCrMoCB metallic glass/Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2 composite coatings with sandwich-like and dispersed structures

Fe-based metallic glass/Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2 (AT13) composite coatings with sandwich-like (Fe–S20) and dispersed (Fe-D20) structures were prepared via atmosphere plasma spraying (APS). The differences in microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion mechanisms of composite coatings were investigated. The interfacial bonding between Fe-based metallic glasses and AT13 was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The addition of AT13 in Fe-D20 could cause greater stress concentration in the coating. In turn, the layered stress distribution was observed in Fe–S20 coating due to the unique sandwich structure. Moreover, the introduction of AT13 improved the short-term corrosion resistance of matrix metallic glass. However, after long-term immersion, pitting corrosion occurred preferentially at the junction of AT13 and metallic glass substrate, leading to a significant decrease in the corrosion resistance of Fe-D20. Besides, the presence of AT13 hindered the growth of the passive film of Fe-based metallic glass. In summary, the long-term corrosion resistance of Fe–S20 with a sandwich structure was better than that of Fe-D20 with a dispersed structure. Thus, structure tuning has great prospects for plasma spraying ceramic composite coatings in the future.