Short Pauses Research Articles

한국어 교원의 발화 조절에 대한 음성학적 연구

A study of linguistic variations in the speech accommodations of Korean teachers was carried out in order to test their ability to adjust utterances during lectures (using two phases: introduction and presentation of a grammatical rule), counseling sessions, and interview situations. A total of ten groups were recruited for six months. A number of acoustic cues, such as F0 distribution, length of utterances, number of syllables, speaking rate, articulation rate, duration of pauses, and syllable duration in prosodic units, were acoustically analyzed. The results of this study indicate the following. (1) Teachers accommodated their speech more during interactive activities with students (lecture and counselling), as compared to during an interview with a native Korean speaker, in terms of F0, number of syllables, and articulation rate. (2) In the presentation of a grammatical rule phase, teachers used a higher-pitched voice and longer pauses than in the introduction phase for the same lesson. (3) Teachers’ conversations during the counselling sessions had shorter pauses than during lectures, although their articulation rates were similar. This study confirms that Korean language teachers adjust their speech by changing its acoustic attributes. The significance of this study is its understanding of the prosodic characteristics of teachers

Different neural processes underlie visual speech perception in school-age children and adults: An event-related potentials study

The ability to use visual speech cues does not fully develop until late adolescence. The cognitive and neural processes underlying this slow maturation are not yet understood. We examined electrophysiological responses of younger (8–9 years) and older (11–12 years) children as well as adults elicited by visually perceived articulations in an audiovisual word matching task and related them to the amount of benefit gained during a speech-in-noise (SIN) perception task when seeing the talker’s face. On each trial, participants first heard a word and, after a short pause, saw a speaker silently articulate a word. In half of the trials the articulated word matched the auditory word (congruent trials), whereas in the other half it did not (incongruent trials). In all three age groups, incongruent articulations elicited the N400 component and congruent articulations elicited the late positive complex (LPC). Groups did not differ in the mean amplitude of N400. The mean amplitude of LPC was larger in younger children compared with older children and adults. Importantly, the relationship between event-related potential measures and SIN performance varied by group. In 8- and 9-year-olds, neither component was predictive of SIN gain. The LPC amplitude predicted the SIN gain in older children but not in adults. Conversely, the N400 amplitude predicted the SIN gain in adults. We argue that although all groups were able to detect correspondences between auditory and visual word onsets at the phonemic/syllabic level, only adults could use this information for lexical access.

Modeling Biological Oscillations: Integration of Short Reaction Pauses into a Stationary Model of a Negative Feedback Loop Generates Sustained Long Oscillations.

Sustained oscillations are frequently observed in biological systems consisting of a negative feedback loop, but a mathematical model with two ordinary differential equations (ODE) that has a negative feedback loop structure fails to produce sustained oscillations. Only when a time delay is introduced into the system by expanding to a three-ODE model, transforming to a two-delay differential equations (DDE) model, or introducing a bistable trigger do stable oscillations present themselves. In this study, we propose another mechanism for producing sustained oscillations based on periodic reaction pauses of chemical reactions in a negative feedback system. We model the oscillatory system behavior by allowing the coefficients in the two-ODE model to be periodic functions of time-called pulsate functions-to account for reactions with go-stop pulses. We find that replacing coefficients in the two-ODE system with pulsate functions with microscale (several seconds) pauses can produce stable system-wide oscillations that have periods of approximately 1 to several hours long. We also compare our two-ODE and three-ODE models with the two-DDE, three-ODE, and three-DDE models without the pulsate functions. Our numerical experiments suggest that sustained long oscillations in biological systems with a negative feedback loop may be an intrinsic property arising from the slow diffusion-based pulsate behavior of biochemical reactions.

Études géoarchéologiques pluridisciplinaires des sites du Paléolithique moyen de la Plaine Russe

The paper presents some preliminary results of comprehensive geoarcheological researches of Middle Paleolithic open-air sites, situated at the different regions of the Russian plain, which had been continued after a short pause. Our issue focused on the main key-sites from Upper Desna (Khotylevo I and Betovo) to the Lower Volga (Suhaya Mechetka), Northern Azovian sea-coast (Rojok I and Nosovo I), Middle (Shlyah) and Lower (Birjuchaya Balka 2) Don regions. Those studies conducted at a new methodological level during the last five years have allowed us to obtain new information on the chronological and lithologic-stratigraphic positions of sites, the degree of preservation of Cultural layers and the peculiar features of those assemblages. A table with series of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates demonstrates the variants of correlation of complexes in the interval from the second half of the middle (MIS-3) to the beginning of the later (MIS-2) part of the Valdaï period.

Glacier dynamics in the southern part of East Siberia (Russia) from the final part of the LGM to the present based on from biogeochemical proxies from bottom sediments of proglacial lakes

In the present study, we have reconstructed glacier dynamics based on the high (1–0.5 mm) resolution X-ray fluorescence spectrometry scanning, the Fourier-transform infrared technique and 14C-dating used in the analyses of the lake bottom sediments, fluvioglacial deposits and a peat bog situated on East Siberian Mountains (East Sayan, Baikal, Barguzin and Kodar Ridges) between 51.723°N, 100.601°E and 56.885°N, 117.580°E. We have found what the largest glacier deposits on the Baikal shoreline, so-called Tompuda end moraine, formed in two stages. The first stage occurred until ca. 12 cal ka BP; then, there was a short pause. The second stage ended by 9.5 cal ka BP. Azarova glacier (Kodar Ridge) retreated upwards the Kodar Ridge by ca. 11 cal ka BP. It may indicate that the Bølling-Allerød warming was very evident, and it was a trigger for these deglacial events in East Siberia. It is most likely that “remains” of the Late Pleistocene glaciers were cardinally shrunk or fully disappeared during the Holocene Thermal Optimum in the southern part of East Siberia. Climate conditions were suitable for glacier formation after 3 cal ka BP. However, if there were new glaciers in the Middle Holocene, their sizes were likely to be less than 1 km2. For this reason, these glaciers should have completely melted during the Roman and Medieval Warm Periods. It is most likely, small glaciers observed at present in the south of East Siberia were mainly formed during the Little Ice Age.

Improved method of heuristic classification of vowels from an acoustic signal

This paper describes research in the field of the improved methodology of the classification of vowels /a, a:/, /$\varepsilon$, $\varepsilon$:/, /ı, i:/, /o, o:/, and /u, u:/ (vowel symbols according to IPA, i.e. International Phonetic Alphabet). The aim is to develop an improved method enabling the automatic allocation of vowel symbols to the corresponding time segments of acoustic recordings of an undisturbed speech signal. The combined classification method is based on finding frequencies of the first two local maxims (formants) in a smoothed linear predictive amplitude spectrum (LPC, linear predictive coding) and zero-crossing values of each speech active voiced short-term segment of the recording. Based on these monitored values, simple heuristic conditions are arranged for the classification of the respective vowel. Implementation of the algorithm was realized using the MATLAB environment and its Graphical User Interface (GUI) was used for the user interaction. Verification of the success rate of vowel classification was done using recordings of forty speakers (twenty men and twenty women), where each speaker repeated the vowels repeatedly with short successive pauses. The success rate of recognizing vowels is classified and evaluated based on results obtained from our designed method.

Translating in fits and starts: pause thresholds and roles in the research of translation processes

ABSTRACTTwo pause thresholds were tested, aimed at chunking the translation task workflow into task segments and classifying pauses into different kinds. Pauses below 200 ms were dubbed delays and excluded. An upper threshold at 3 × median pause between words was hypothesized (H1) to capture more translation problems than 3 s pauses, but also to flag other cognitive processes. The upper threshold and a lower threshold at 2 × median pause within words were used to classify pauses into short pauses (between 200 ms and the lower threshold), mid pauses (between thresholds) and long pauses (above the upper threshold). Such mid pauses were hypothesized (H2) to mainly hint at different cognitive phenomena. Short pauses were assumed to hint at mechanical and strategic behaviors related to keyboarding, although this is not tested here. Finally, empty task segments (no new text or changes in existing copy) were hypothesized (H3) to be strategically distributed for planning and prospective reading. Results confirmed hypotheses 1 and 2 and partially supported hypothesis 3. Some unexpected findings point to the need of further research into the nature of task segments, understood as chunks of the action, rather than text excerpts.

A test of water pouring height and run intermittence effects on single‐ring infiltration rates

AbstractAssessing how the infiltration process depends on the water impact energy improves interpretation of hydrological processes. Impact energies vary with the height of water pouring; that is, the distance between the water delivery point and the soil surface. The effects of the height of water pouring on infiltration in an initially near saturated soil can be tested in the field by two repeated Beerkan infiltration runs separated by a short pause (30 min) and using both low (non‐perturbing) and high (perturbing) heights of water application. The double two‐stage Beerkan run methodology was applied in two soils. The infiltration rate at the end of the perturbing stage of the experiment was 0.2–0.3 (sandy‐loam soil) and 0.15 (loam soil) times that obtained with the initial, nonperturbing stage whereas, without any perturbing effect, infiltration rates at the end of the second run were 0.5 times those at the end of the first run. Therefore, the methodology distinguished between a decrease in infiltration rate due to water redistribution during the pause and that attributable to soil surface perturbation. Maintaining a small depth of water (10 mm) on the infiltration surface was not an alternative to the classical Beerkan run for the non‐perturbing stage of the experiment since two times higher infiltration rates were measured with a greater hydrostatic pressure. In conclusion, the relationship between infiltration into an initially near saturated soil and the energy of the applied water can be determined directly in the field at any time with a simple and parsimonious experiment. This circumstance could improve soil hydraulic characterization for interpreting and simulating hydrological processes.

A new perspective on word association: how keystroke logging informs strength of word association

For many years, word association (WA) data has informed theories of the mental lexicon by analyzing the words elicited. However, findings are inconsistent and WA research is still waiting for ‘a breakthrough in methodology which can unlock its undoubted potential’ (Schmitt 2010. Researching vocabulary: A vocabulary research manual. Palgrave Macmillan, 248). In this paper, we offer a new perspective on WA by using keystroke logging (Inputlog, Leijten & Van Waes 2013. Keystroke logging in writing research: Using Inputlog to analyze and visualize writing processes. Written Communication 30(3). 358–92. Online: www.inputlog.net/description.html) to captures the processes of word production. More specifically, we analyze pause behavior during a continued, typed, word association task with 30 cue words eliciting 4 responses, per cue, to evaluate the strength of links in lexical selection processes. We show a strong positive correlation between pause length and inter-response location, providing empirical evidence which supports the established hypothesis that as more responses are elicited, links between them become weaker. Furthermore, using Fitzpatrick's response classification (2007. Word association patterns: unpacking the assumptions. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 17(3). 319–31), we found meaning-based responses were most common in the dataset generally, but, they particularly occurred after longer pauses, and exclusively so after the longest pauses. Position and form-based responses, whilst less frequent overall, typically followed the shortest pauses. In our conclusion we highlight the importance of our methodology in fine-tuning ongoing understanding of how we access the mental lexicon.

Usefulness of Heart Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

In patients without atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cyclic and often marked changes in heart rate (HR). We aimed to assess whether presence of OSA impacts optimal HR control in patients in AF. We retrospectively correlated diurnal HR patterns (recorded by 24-hour Holter monitoring) in patients with AF who independently also underwent diagnostic polysomnography. Exclusion criteria were paced rhythm or inadequate recordings from polysomnography and Holter monitoring. The relationship between the presence and severity of OSA and the mean, minimum, maximum HR, as well as pauses (>2 seconds) and their diurnal variation were studied. Of the 494 studied patients (age 69 ± 10 years; 26% women) mild-moderate OSA (apnea hypoxia index ≥5 and <20) was present in 171 (34%) and severe OSA (apnea hypoxia index ≥20) in 254 (51%). Mean 24-hour HR in patients with severe OSA and mild-moderate OSA was similar to those without OSA (78 vs 80 vs 79 beats per minute; p = 0.39), and there was no significant difference observed in minimum and maximum HR of these groups. However, the frequency of short pauses was greater in OSA patients (p = 0.009), with a prominent nocturnal distribution. In conclusion, OSA was not associated with increased HR in patients with AF suggesting that adequate HR control was similarly achievable in patients with and without OSA. The increased frequency of nocturnal pauses in OSA patients may function as a clinical hallmark, and the timing of pauses (during sleep vs wakefulness) should be noted before making therapeutic decisions regarding HR control.

Carbon dioxide precedes temperature change during short-term pauses in multi-millennial palaeoclimate records

In Antarctica, ice-core temperature has traditionally been regarded as a leading variable to carbon dioxide, CO2 during the last 400,000 years before present (B.P.). This finding is in contrast to most reports on global mean surface temperature and atmospheric CO2 for the last 150 years. However, previous techniques for establishing leading or lagging (LL) relations between paired global warming variables have required that the time series show constant frequency (stationarity). Herein, we show that on orbital and multi-millennial time scales, the Vostok Antarctic ice core displays 9 periods of 8.7 kyr ± 5 kyr during which CO2 becomes a leading variable to temperature. Six of the 9 periods were associated with short-term pauses occurring during 4 major glaciation-deglaciation periods. We find that CO2 also leads temperature during short pauses in the major cyclic pattern of the Greenland time series. In the latter series, there are also two contrasting cycle developments. In the first contrasting cycle developments, lasting from 103.5 to 79 ka, there is an in-phase relation between CO2 and temperature, with a slope of 0.75. In the second contrasting cycle developments, lasting from 61.5 to 43.5 ka, there is an out-of-phase relation with a slope of −0.67. In addition, the latter shows a see-saw pattern between Arctic and Antarctic temperatures.

Testing Indicators of Translation Expertise in an Intralingual Task

Massey/Ehrensberger-Dow (2014) showed that the focused use of external resources, more frequent but shorter pauses, and fast text production speed correlated with the level of translation experience in participants translating a text from English into German. This paper aims to: (1) investigate whether these indicators distinguish professional translators from trainees and language students who translated from English into Polish, and (2) test which indicators are also present in an intralingual task, i.e., when paraphrasing a text. Additionally, task duration and the quality of the target texts produced by the three groups are compared with a view to expand the list of indicators of translation expertise. The data discussed here come from the ParaTrans research project in which professional translators, translation trainees and language students translated and paraphrased comparable texts. The results confirm that the less frequent use of external resources, shorter problem-solving pauses, fast text production and high quality target texts are strong indicators of expertise in translation. The number of problem-solving pauses was the only parameter found to distinguish professionals from trainees and language students in the paraphrasing task. This suggests that translation expertise perceived as a general construct can be seen as encompassing task expertise: the ability to reformulate meaning (transferable to a paraphrasing task) and the domain knowledge expertise inclusive of the ability to efficiently use bilingual knowledge when producing a translation

Fascinatin’ Rhythm – and Pauses in Translators’ Cognitive Processes

The Monitor Model fosters a view of translating where two mind modes stand out and alternate when trying to render originals word-by-word by default: shallow, uneventful processing vs problem solving. Research may have been biased towards problem solving, often operationalized with a pause of, or above, 3 seconds. This project analyzed 16 translation log files by four informants from four originals. A baseline minimal pause of 200 ms was instrumental to calculate two individual thresholds for each log file: (a) A low one – 1.5 times the median pause within words – and (b) a high one – 3 times the median pause between words. Pauses were then characterized as short (between 200 ms and the lower threshold), mid, and long (above the higher threshold, chunking the recorded activities in the translation task into task segments), and assumed to respond to different causes. Weak correlations between short, mid and long pauses were found, hinting at possible different cognitive processes. Inferred processes did not fall neatly into categories depending on the length of possibly associated pauses. Mid pauses occurred more often than long pauses between sentences and paragraphs, and they also more often flanked information searches and even problem-solving instances. Chains of proximal mid pauses marked cases of potential hesitations. Task segments tended to happen within 4–8 minute cycles, nested in a possible initial phase for contextualization, followed by long periods of sustained attention. We found no evidence for problem-solving thresholds, and no trace of behavior supporting the Monitor Model.

The role of positional knowledge and tonal approaches in cellists’ sight-reading

Sight-reading is an important skill for amateur and professional musicians. Several factors seem to play a role in sight-reading skills, such as expertise level, ear training, mental speed and improvisation skills. If we are right in supposing that these factors cannot easily be generalized for all musicians, one of the reasons for this must surely lie in the fact that different musical instruments set different technical requirements for the player. The purpose of this study was to investigate which factors help cello students have better sight-reading abilities. Amateur cello students ( N = 79) were tested for position knowledge, use of tonal and positional approaches and actual sight-reading ability, and their sight-reading performance was measured by counting pitch and fluency errors they made in short pieces of varying complexity. This study used a partly correlational (use of tonal/positional approaches, technical level, experience, and position knowledge) and a partly experimental repeated-measures design (key complexity). The findings suggest that position knowledge shows a very strong negative correlation with the number of sight-reading errors and a weak correlation with pauses. Use of positional approaches shows no significantly stronger correlation with the number of sight-reading errors than the use of tonal approaches. In addition, it appears that an increase in the key complexity leads to more sight-reading errors and more pauses. Finally, the position knowledge and technical level of participants explain 83% of the variation in the total pitch errors. Experience and use of tonal approaches explain 40% of the variation in the number of short pauses.

Threshold interaural time differences under optimal conditions

Klumpp and Eady (1956, J Acoust Soc Am 28, p.859-860) reported preliminary data on human sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITD) with various stimuli. At 10 μs ITD the best discrimination of 79% correct was reported for band-pass filtered (150-1700 Hz) noise. Despite the preliminary nature, and presentation methods different from todays, the above is still the best available reference for optimal ITD discrimination. The goal of the current study is to systematically determine the stimulus and the experimental paradigm that results in the smallest threshold ITD and to provide an accurate reference value. We varied seven stimulus and procedure parameters: stimulus waveform, stimulation level, stimulus duration, adaptive versus constant stimulus procedure, alternative-forced-choice (AFC) procedure, inter-stimulus pause duration, and complete waveform versus ongoing ITD. The condition yielding the lowest threshold ITD was Gaussian noise band-pass filtered from 20 to 1400 Hz, presented at 70 dB SPL, with a short inter-stimulus pause of 50 ms, and an interval duration of 0.5 s. Averaged across 8 trained subjects, the threshold ITD for this condition at the 79% correct level was 7 μs. The influence of each parameter will be discussed together with the obstacles of accurately determining this value.

Tales of the Soviet hydrogen bomb

I was one of a very few non-Russian and non-US participants at the fascinating History of the Soviet Atomic Project conference held in May 1996 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, north of Moscow. The article “The secret of the Soviet hydrogen bomb” by Alex Wellerstein and Edward Geist (Physics Today, April 2017, page 40) brings up many memories from that meeting.After arriving home from the conference, I wrote an article about it for my institute’s magazine. I think a few details and reflections from that article are worth adding to the international record. They mainly derive from my discussions with Arnold Kramish, a Manhattan Project veteran whom I got to know well during the Dubna meeting and through letters exchanged in the years before his death.After the war Kramish had worked for the US Atomic Energy Commission as a liaison to the Central Intelligence Agency; he provided intelligence estimates on Soviet nuclear capabilities. Shortly before the Teller–Ulam idea was born in early 1951, he had passed on to Stanislaw Ulam intelligence material about Soviet experiments in which extremely strong magnetic fields had been used to compress fusion materials. That information had come from repatriated Austrian physicist Josef Schintlmeister, who, as a victim of the Soviet Alsos operation, was forced to work on the Soviet atomic bomb project and then got insight into work by Peter Kapitza and Andrei Sakharov. Kramish strongly believed that the information Schintlmeister had gathered was the seed of Ulam’s idea of arranging extreme compression of thermonuclear fuel by a physically distinct primary fission charge. Add to that Edward Teller’s idea to employ radiation implosion and the now classical hydrogen bomb was conceived.However, as mentioned in the Wellerstein and Geist article, the concept of radiation implosion stems from a patent filed by Klaus Fuchs and John von Neumann at Los Alamos in May 1946. Fuchs then, like all other British participants in the Manhattan Project, had to go back to the UK in June 1946.Did Fuchs provide the radiation implosion idea to the Soviets? Yes he did, according to former Soviet intelligence chief Vladimir Barkovsky, who spoke at the Dubna meeting. He had collected the documents from Fuchs in London on 13 March 1948; during his talk Barkovsky even showed sketches of the patent. In conversation during the conference banquet, he also said that he thought Fuchs, back in Washington, DC, in 1947 or 1948 for a meeting about UK and US cooperation on nuclear weapons, had gotten new material from an unknown messenger.It is ironic that the development of the H-bomb actually proceeded in a kind of behind-the-scenes de facto cooperation between the two nuclear powers at the time, the US and the Soviet Union. While both nations were struggling to develop thermonuclear weapons, they didn’t realize that the three most important components—compression, staging, and radiation implosion—were already available to be put together. The breakthrough was delayed in the US by Teller’s long inability to give up his belief in his baby, the Classical Super; and in the Soviet Union, by Sakharov’s preoccupation with his baby at the time, the Sloika.A final note on the inflamed relationship between Stan Ulam and Teller: Kramish told me that right after the new H-bomb idea had been conceived, Teller called for a meeting to discuss it. He asked Kramish to take part, and then, after a short pause, Teller added, “Don’t tell Stan!” Section:ChooseTop of page <<CITING ARTICLES© 2018 American Institute of Physics.

Pre-linguistic infants employ complex communicative loops to engage mothers in social exchanges and repair interaction ruptures.

Language has long been identified as a powerful communicative tool among humans. Yet, pre-linguistic communication, which is common in many species, is also used by human infants prior to the acquisition of language. The potential communicational value of pre-linguistic vocal interactions between human infants and mothers has been studied in the past decades. With 120 dyads (mothers and three- or six-month-old infants), we used the classical Still Face Paradigm (SFP) in which mothers interact freely with their infants, then refrain from communication (Still Face, SF), and finally resume play. We employed innovative automated techniques to measure infant and maternal vocalization and pause, and dyadic parameters (infant response to mother, joint silence and overlap) and the emotional component of Infant Directed Speech (e-IDS) throughout the interaction. We showed that: (i) during the initial free play mothers use longer vocalizations and more e-IDS when they interact with older infants and (ii) infant boys exhibit longer vocalizations and shorter pauses than girls. (iii) During the SF and reunion phases, infants show marked and sustained changes in vocalizations but their mothers do not and (iv) mother–infant dyadic parameters increase in the reunion phase. Our quantitative results show that infants, from the age of three months, actively participate to restore the interactive loop after communicative ruptures long before vocalizations show clear linguistic meaning. Thus, auditory signals provide from early in life a channel by which infants co-create interactions, enhancing the mother–infant bond.

Pauses Reflecting the Processing of Syntactic Units in Monolingual Text Production and Translation

This study explores how the process of translating relates to other types of writing processes by comparing pause lengths preceding syntactic units (words, phrases and clauses) in two types of writing task, a monolingual text production and a translation. It also discusses the grounds for interpreting pause length as a reflection of the cognitive demands of the writing process. The data was collected from 18 professional translators using the Translog keystroke logging software (Jakobsen/Schou 1999). Each subject wrote two texts: an expository text in Finnish and a translation from English into Finnish (Immonen 2006: 316-319). Firstly, phrase boundary pauses were categorised according to type, function and length of phrase. All three features correlate with pause length. On average, predicate phrases are preceded by short pauses, adpositional phrases by long pauses, and pauses preceding noun phrases grow with the length of the phrase. These fi ndings suggest that the processing of the predicate begins before written production of the clause is started, whereas noun phrases and adpositional phrases are processed during writing. Secondly, pauses preceding clauses were categorised with respect to clause type. In monolingual text production, pauses preceding subordinate clauses are on average shorter than those leading to main clauses. In translation, pauses preceding subordinate and main clauses are almost the same length. It seems therefore that, in translation, the main clause and subordinate clause are processed separately despite the fact that the subordinate clause functions as a syntactic unit within the main clause.

Evaluation of user specific AED guidance

Background: Basic life support (BLS) guidelines focus on chest compressions with a minimal no-flow fraction (NFF), early defibrillation, and a short perishock pause. By using an automated external defibrillator (AED) users are guided through the process of attaching electrodes and initiating defibrillation. This study tested user specific guidance (USG) to shorten the NFF and perishock pause.

Walking like an ant: a quantitative and experimental approach to understanding locomotor mimicry in the jumping spider Myrmarachne formicaria.

Protective mimicry, in which a palatable species avoids predation by being mistaken for an unpalatable model, is a remarkable example of adaptive evolution. These complex interactions between mimics, models and predators can explain similarities between organisms beyond the often-mechanistic constraints typically invoked in studies of convergent evolution. However, quantitative studies of protective mimicry typically focus on static traits (e.g. colour and shape) rather than on dynamic traits like locomotion. Here, we use high-speed cameras and behavioural experiments to investigate the role of locomotor behaviour in mimicry by the ant-mimicking jumping spider Myrmarachne formicaria, comparing its movement to that of ants and non-mimicking spiders. Contrary to previous suggestions, we find mimics walk using all eight legs, raising their forelegs like ant antennae only when stationary. Mimics exhibited winding trajectories (typical wavelength = 5–10 body lengths), which resemble the winding patterns of ants specifically engaged in pheromone-trail following, although mimics walked on chemically inert surfaces. Mimics also make characteristically short (approx. 100 ms) pauses. Our analysis suggests that this makes mimics appear ant-like to observers with slow visual systems. Finally, behavioural experiments with predatory spiders yield results consistent with the protective mimicry hypothesis. These findings highlight the importance of dynamic behaviours and observer perception in mimicry.