Short Fiber Content Research Articles

Assessment of cotton fibre length measurement methods

This study was conducted to explore new opportunities to deliver accurate and reliable measurements in terms of fibre length distribution. Ten samples of cotton fibre with a wide range of mean length ranging from 24.28 to 32.38 mm and a short fibre content (SFC%) ranging from 7.3% to 17.4% were selected. In Part 1 of the study, the fibre was tested using the more traditional methods, which include HVI, AFIS and SWA. There were strong positive and significant relationships between the various fibre length measurements provided by the three methods. Although there were moderate relationships between SFC% as measured by HVI and AFIS, the relationship with SWA was low and negative. In Part 2 of the study, cotton sliver, from the above-mentioned fibre was tested on AFIS, Almeter , Fibrotest and OFDA 4000. There were also moderate and strong positive relationships between all the length measurements, including SFC% as measured by AFIS, Almeter, Fibrotest and OFDA 4000.

Registration of ‘Acala 1517‐21’ Cotton Cultivar

AbstractThe New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station announces the release of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar ‘Acala 1517‐21’ (Reg. no. CV‐144, PI 693757). Acala 1517‐21 was derived from a single plant selection in F3 from a bi‐parental cross between LA05307029 and AU‐5491. This new cultivar was tested in eight replicated field trials in New Mexico in 2012–2017 and 21 tests across 12 states of the Cotton Belt in 2016–2017. In New Mexico, Acala 1517‐21 yielded similarly to medium‐staple cultivars or transgenic commercial Acala cultivars including ‘PHY 725 RF’, ‘PHY 755 WRF’, ‘PHY 764 WRF’, ‘FM 2322GL’, and ‘FM 1830GLT’. Compared with ‘Acala 1517‐08’, Acala 1517‐21 averaged 12.9% higher lint yield and 11.5% higher lint percentage, with a similar boll weight, fiber length, length uniformity, elongation, micronaire, and short fiber content. However, Acala 1517‐21 had similar or slightly lower fiber strength with significantly lower strength and elongation in one test. Compared with commercial transgenic and nontransgenic cultivars across the Cotton Belt, Acala 1517‐21 had consistently longer and stronger fibers or lower micronaire readings. Acala 1517‐21 represents a high‐yielding upland cotton cultivar with high lint percentage and a long staple.

Effect of short carbon fiber content and water absorption on tensile and impact properties of PA6/PP blend based composites

AbstractPA6 absorbs moisture, restricting its use in humid applications. The first objective of this study is to process composite parts to be used in high humid applications using PA6 blend based matrix (PA6/PP/PP‐g‐MA) and SCF (3‐15 wt%) reinforcement. The second objective is to perform tensile and impact tests in both dry and wet conditions. The third objective is to carry out the in‐depth analysis of fractography of blends and composites. For blend, more than 50% reduction in water absorption was observed in comparison to pure PA6, indicating the need to blend with PP. The tensile strength of the composite with 15 wt% SCF was 55% and 133% higher than matrix blend in dry and wet conditions respectively indicating the need to reinforce the blend with SCF. Injection molded composites with 15 wt% SCF revealed the tensile strength of 54 MPa, 46 MPa and modulus of 5 GPa, 4 GPa in dry, wet state respectively. At higher SCF content, both SCF and PP are well dispersed in PA6 matrix but fiber pull out led to fracture of dry samples. Post water absorption, tensile fractured samples showed significant fiber pull out, indicating reduction in interfacial adhesion due to water absorption.

Multi‐scale analysis of short glass fiber‐reinforced polypropylene under monotonic and fatigue loading

AbstractShort fiber‐reinforced polypropylene is largely used in the automotive industry. Fatigue failure is one of the most failure modes observed in this class of materials. In order to better understand the damage mechanisms and plasticity evolution, this article provides an overall experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of a PPGF40 composite (polypropylene matrix reinforced by a 40% weight content of short glass fibers) including monotonic and cyclic loading. The effect of various parameters such as the loading direction, the strain rate, the temperature, and the fatigue are analyzed. The evolutions of the loss of stiffness and plastic strain during monotonic and fatigue tests are analyzed. Self‐heating during cyclic loading is also studied. Moreover, the coupling effect of damage and plasticity is analyzed by plotting the evolution of the relative loss of stiffness vs the plastic strain increment for monotonic and cyclic loadings. For quasi‐static loading, the results emphasize an intrinsic curve independent of the loading direction. Moreover, a sharp increase in the damage and plasticity levels due to the local effect occurring during cyclic loading is observed and correlated to SEM fracture surface analysis.

SCOPE OF IMPROVING MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE USING NATURAL FIBER AS A REINFORCING MATERIAL

Using natural (Jute) fiber in concrete as a reinforcing material can not only augment the concrete strength but also restrict the use of synthetic fiber which is environmentally detrimental. To achieve this goal, this study evaluated compressive strength, tensile strength and plastic shrinkage of concrete incorporating ‘Natural (Jute)’ fiber of different length (15 mm and 25 mm) with various mix proportions of 0.10%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% respectively by volume of concrete. Concrete is vulnerable to grow shrinkage cracks because of high evaporation rate in dry and windy conditions. Incorporating of fibers could abate development of this crack. The large length (25 mm) and higher content ( 0.3%) of reinforcing materials (jute fiber) result to the lowering of mechanical properties of JFRC compare to plain concrete. But in the incorporation of short (15 mm) and low fiber content ( 0.3%), enhances the mechanical properties of the same JFRC. Inclusion of 0.3% (15 mm length) fiber gave maximum enhancement of both concrete compressive and tensile strength by 12.4% and 58% respectively compared to the non-fiber reinforced concrete. A drastic suppression of crack occurrence and area of crack between non-fiber reinforced concrete and fiber reinforced concretes was attained. Experimental results of incorporating 0.1–0.4% fiber with 15 mm length in concrete revealed that plastic shrinkage cracks were decreased by 75–99% in contrast to non-fiber reinforced concrete. Therefore, it is concluded that the incorporation of jute fiber in making FRC composite would be one of the favorable methods to enhance the performance of concrete.

SCOPE OF IMPROVING MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE USING NATURAL FIBER AS A REINFORCING MATERIAL

Using natural (Jute) fiber in concrete as a reinforcing material can not only augment the concrete strength but also restrict the use of synthetic fiber which is environmentally detrimental. To achieve this goal, this study evaluated compressive strength, tensile strength and plastic shrinkage of concrete incorporating ‘Natural (Jute)’ fiber of different length (15 mm and 25 mm) with various mix proportions of 0.10%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% respectively by volume of concrete. Concrete is vulnerable to grow shrinkage cracks because of high evaporation rate in dry and windy conditions. Incorporating of fibers could abate development of this crack. The large length (25 mm) and higher content ( 0.3%) of reinforcing materials (jute fiber) result to the lowering of mechanical properties of JFRC compare to plain concrete. But in the incorporation of short (15 mm) and low fiber content ( 0.3%), enhances the mechanical properties of the same JFRC. Inclusion of 0.3% (15 mm length) fiber gave maximum enhancement of both concrete compressive and tensile strength by 12.4% and 58% respectively compared to the non-fiber reinforced concrete. A drastic suppression of crack occurrence and area of crack between non-fiber reinforced concrete and fiber reinforced concretes was attained. Experimental results of incorporating 0.1–0.4% fiber with 15 mm length in concrete revealed that plastic shrinkage cracks were decreased by 75–99% in contrast to non-fiber reinforced concrete. Therefore, it is concluded that the incorporation of jute fiber in making FRC composite would be one of the favorable methods to enhance the performance of concrete.

Impact of cotton parameters on sensorial comfort of woven fabrics

Purpose For cloths having direct contact with the skin, comfort properties are a priority than the physical and mechanical properties. Innerwear clothes should induce pleasant feelings because they have a direct influence on human psychological satisfaction, health and work efficiency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of cotton fiber parameters on the sensorial comfort of woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach Four types of cotton fiber with different fineness, mean length, uniformity index, short fiber content, strength and elongation were used to develop yarns used to weave fabric samples. Kawabata evaluation system (KES) was used to analyze the fabrics’ sensorial comfort. Findings Results showed that cotton fiber parameters have a significant effect on surface friction and roughness properties. Low stress tensile, tensile resilience and tensile strain properties were affected by fiber micronaire, mean length, uniformity index, short fiber content, fiber strength and elongation. However, fabric shear, bending and compression properties were least dependent on fiber parameters. The correlation of the dependent variable and the independent variable was also statistically analyzed and reported. From the results, it was shown that cotton fiber parameters play a significant role in woven fabrics’ sensorial comfort. Originality/value The cloths that are in contact with the skin can be developed using the results of these studies to feel pleasant. This will, in turn, have a direct effect on the customer's psychological satisfaction, health and work performance.

Impacts of Verticillium Wilt on Photosynthesis Rate, Lint Production, and Fiber Quality of Greenhouse-Grown Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., leads to significant losses in cotton yield and fiber quality worldwide. To investigate Verticillium wilt impact on photosynthesis rate, yield, and fiber quality, six upland cotton genotypes, namely Verticillium susceptible (DP 1612 B2XF) and partially resistant (FM 2484B2F) commercial cultivars and four breeding lines, were grown to maturity under greenhouse conditions in soil either infested or not infested with V. dahliae microsclerotia. Photosynthetic rate, lint, and seed yield were all higher (p < 0.05) for FM 2484B2F than DP 1612 B2XF when infected with V. dahliae. When comparing healthy (H) to Verticillium wilt (VW) affected plants, fiber properties were greatly impacted. Micronaire decreased from 5.0 (H) to 3.6 (VW) with DP 1612 B2XF and 4.4 (H) to 4.1 (VW) with FM 2484B2F. The maturity ratio decreased from 0.90 (H) to 0.83 (VW) for DP 1612 B2XF and was unchanged for FM 2484B2F (0.90). Fiber properties such as short fiber content, nep count, fineness, and immature fiber content were also significantly affected under Verticillium wilt pressure. With Verticillium wilt affected plants, lines 16-13-601V and 17-17-206V performed similarly to FM 2484B2F for photosynthetic rate, yield, and all fiber properties measured. When selecting for improved cultivars in the presence of Verticillium wilt, it is important to select for relatively unchanged fiber properties under disease pressure in addition to reduced disease severity and increased yield.

Evaluating cotton length uniformity through comprehensive length attributes measured by dual-beard fibrography

The quality of cotton yarn, such as evenness and strength, relies on not only the overall length of spun fibers but also fiber length uniformity. In the current cotton classification system (Cotton Incorporated in Classification of upland cotton, 2018; USDA in The classification of cotton, Agricultural Marketing Service, Washington, DC, 1995), length uniformity is measured by a single factor—uniformity index (UI), which does not explicitly include short fiber content (SFC) and neglects the interactive effects among length attributes. The goal of this study was to search for key length attributes and new classification methods for more comprehensive evaluations of cotton length uniformity. We firstly investigated the associations of length attributes measurable by the dual-beard fibrography (DBF) (Zhou et al. in Text Res J 90(1):37–48, 2020) to select a set of key features to reduce the dimensionality for consecutive statistical analysis. This set contains an overall length attribute (upper half mean length—UHML), SFC and UI that represent more realistic information about cotton quality. We then used the K-means clustering to determine the natural clusters of the length uniformity based on the data of 29 selected cotton samples that have a wide range of fiber length distributions. The clustering resulted in six optimal clusters, each representing a group of homogeneous length attributes. Thirdly, we adopted one support-vector-machine (SVM) classifier for cotton length uniformity prediction on unknown fibers. To verify the prediction accuracy, 25 new specimens were taken from the 29 samples used in the K-mean clustering to run the DBF test and the SVM classification. It was found that 92% of these specimens yielded the same cluster numbers as the ones resulted from the clustering. In summary, UHML, SFC and UI represent more comprehensive length attributes of cotton, and the six new clusters from the K-mean clustering offer more holistic evaluation on cotton length uniformity.

Performance of Short Fiber Interlayered Reinforcement Thermoplastic Resin in Additive Manufacturing.

To further improve the mechanical properties of thermoplastic resin in additive manufacturing (AM), this paper presents a novel method to directly and quantitatively place the short fibers (SFs) between two printing process of resin layers. The printed composite parts with SFs between the layers was reinforced. The effects of single-layer fiber content, multi-layer fiber content and the length of fibers on the mechanical properties of printed specimens were studied. The distribution of fibers and quality of interlayer bonding were assessed using mechanical property testing and microstructure examination. The results showed that the tensile strength of the single-layered specimen with 0.5 wt% interlayered SFs increased by 18.82%. However, when the content of SFs continued to increase, the mechanical properties declined because of the increasing interlayered gap and the poor bonding quality. In addition, when the interlayered SFs length was 0.5–1 mm, the best reinforcement was obtained. To improve the interfacial bonding quality between the fiber and the resin, post-treatment and laser-assisted preheating printing was used. This method is effective for the enhancement of the interfacial bonding to obtain better mechanical properties. The research proves that adding SFs by placement can reduce the wear and breakage of the fibers compared to the conventional forming process. Therefore, the precise control of the length and content of SFs was realized in the specimen. In summary, SFs placement combined with post-treatment and laser-assisted preheating is a new method in AM to improve the performance of thermoplastic resin.

Analysis of the cotton varieties under production in Ethiopia

ABSTRACT In Ethiopia, cotton is trademarked by the name of the farm and the location or the farm owner. Variety name and fiber quality characteristics are not part of the labeling. The aim of this research is to identify the cotton varieties in Ethiopia. Dp 90 covers 90% of the total acreage while the rest of the area under production is planted with local varieties and Stam 59A. In this study Ethiopian cotton classification is done by using USTER® HVI 1000 and USTER® AFIS PRO2. Comparative analysis of the quality characteristics of Ethiopian cotton such as UHML, strength, uniformity, short fiber content, color were analyzed by USTER® HVI 1000 and fineness, maturity UQL and short fiber content by number were considered by USTER® AFIS PRO2. The data analysis using Minitab® 17 shows that local type cotton gives the best fiber properties followed by Stam 59A and Dp 90. Compared to Texas cotton, Ethiopian cotton has better uniformity due to the presence of a single variety Dp 90 despite the limitations within bale variability. For other properties, findings reveal lower quality especially in strength and upper half mean length which are the main fiber characteristics that determines the spinning quality.

Properties of C/C‐SiC composites produced via transfer moulding and inner siliconization

AbstractShort carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are successfully prepared by transfer moulding technology. For this purpose, compounds on the basis of novolac/urotropin with different 6 mm chopped carbon fibers and silicon powder contents are produced utilizing a laboratory tempered sigma‐blade kneader. These compounds are then shaped into 46 × 8 × 3 mm3 CFRP specimens using a transfer moulding machine. Depending on the material composition, the conversion to C/C‐SiC composites is performed through liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) process or inner siliconization. First, the short fiber content is varied between 30 and 50 wt% and its influence on the process and properties of the composites is studied. Second, an investigation of the inner siliconization through the co‐mixing of silicon powder (1‐23 wt% in CFRPs) during the compound production as well as a comparison with the external silicon infiltration process are presented and discussed. According to the results, the best mechanical properties are achieved at a fiber content of 40 wt% in the case of the external silicon infiltration and at silicon content below 14 wt% for composites produced by the inner siliconization process.

Stability, variation, and application of AFIS fiber length distributions

BackgroundFiber length is one of the primary quality parameters for the cotton industry when considering the textile performance and end-use quality of cotton. Currently, many decisions regarding cotton fiber length utilize the industry standard measurement device, i.e., the High Volume Instrument (HVI). However, it is documented that complete fiber length distributions hold more information than the currently reported HVI length parameters, i.e., upper half mean length (UHML) and uniformity index (UI). An alternative measurement device, the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), is able to capture additional information about fiber length distribution. What is currently not known is how much additional information the AFIS length distribution holds.ResultsThe stability of differences in within-sample variation in fiber length captured by the AFIS length distribution by number characterizing differences between samples was deemed stable across the extended testing period. A diverse breeding population was evaluated and four significant sources of within sample variation in length were identified. A comparison of the ability between HVI length parameters and AFIS fiber length distribution to correctly categorize breeding lines to their family was performed. In all cases, the AFIS fiber length distribution more accurately identified germplasm families.ConclusionsThe long-term stability test of the AFIS fiber length distribution by number shows that the measurement is stable and can be used to assess differences across samples. However, more information about within-sample variation in fiber length than that can be captured by length parameters is needed to assess differences across samples in many applications. Four length parameters outperform two length parameters when trying to identify the familial background of the samples in this set. These parameters characterize distributional shape differences that are not captured by the standard AFIS length parameters, UQL and short fiber content by number (SFCn). These findings suggest that additional types of variation in cotton fiber length are not captured and are therefore not currently used in most cotton breeding programs.

Nitrogen and mepiquat chloride can affect fiber quality and cotton yield

ABSTRACT The use of mepiquat chloride (MC) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivation has increased significantly in recent years. The use of MC, a growth regulator, results in higher precocity and lower height and consequently increases yield and reduces crop costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) and MC doses on fiber quality and cotton yield. This study was conducted during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests in the experimental area of the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão, located in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil, at 18° 48’ 45.9” S, 52° 36’ 3” W, having an altitude of 820 m. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme comprised of five N doses (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1) and four MC doses (0, 50, 100, 150 mL ha-1) with four repetitions. Analyses of fiber quality included: length, uniformity, elongation, strength, micronaire index, reflectance, yellowing degrees and short fiber content. Regarding cotton yield, green color index (GCI), plant height at harvest time, and cotton seed yield were determined. The best results for fiber quality and productivity occurr with the application of 76.8 mL ha-1 of MC to the cotton crops when the N dose is greater than 80 kg ha-1. Increasing N doses causes an increase in cotton yield and micronaire index, but there is a decrease in fiber uniformity.

Algorithm for measuring fiber length distributions of raw cotton and combed wool using dual-beard image method

The dual-beard image method, which has been developed in recent years as a fast and economical method for fiber length measurement, consists of dual-beard specimen preparation, image processing, fibrogram extraction, and length parameter calculations. However, one of the shortcomings of this method is that it can only produce extremely limited length parameters such as mean length, coefficient of variation, modal length, and quality length (UHML, upper half mean length). This study introduces a new algorithm for converting the dual-beard fibrogram into a length distribution histogram which can be used to calculate most of the current length parameters. The algorithm is based on the short fiber content formulae but modified by theoretical analysis and experimental comparison. The length distributions of 24 cotton samples and 12 wool samples are measured by dual-beard image method with the new algorithm, and Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS) and Almeter are employed for comparison. Comparative analysis shows that the peaks and ranges of the distribution histograms using the dual-beard method are similar to those from the reference methods, and the shapes of histograms from difference methods match well with one another. In addition, five length parameters calculated from the dual-beard distributions are verified to be consistent with those measured by AFIS and Almeter. The new algorithm employed in the dual-beard image method avoids the differential operation which amplifies the curve error, giving the dual-beard image method the ability to output more comprehensive length information.

Effect of short carbon fiber content on SCFs/AZ31 composite microstructure and mechanical properties

The magnesium matrix composites containing various content of short carbon fibers reinforcement (SCFs/AZ31) were fabricated by ball milling and solid state synthesis. Morphologies of composite, distribution of SCFs, and interface of matrix and reinforcement were analyzed. The effect of SCFs content on the mechanical properties of the composite was studied. When the content of SCFs is less than 3%, SCFs uniformly distribute in the composite and promote dynamic recrystallization, the refining effect of grain is obvious, and meanwhile SCFs can play the effect of load transfer to the matrix. With the increase of SCFs content, the degree of aggregation increases, the grain size of composite increases and mechanical properties decrease. For mechanical performance, the strengthen effects was firstly enhanced and then deteriorated with increasing SCFs content. The main strengthening mechanisms of composite are grain refinement strengthening, thermal residual stress strengthening, and load transfer strengthening.

A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Short Fiber Content on Drafting Force and its Variability

ABSTRACT Fiber length is one of the most important factors affecting the drafting force and its variability. By analyzing the draftometer data, the interaction between the dynamic drafting force and its variability with respect to the short fiber content of carded cotton sliver is discussed. Two cotton slivers with similar physical properties, except for their short fiber content (i.e.8.8% and 5.3%) were tested. An increase in drafting force and a decrease in its coefficient of variance (CV%) was noticed for the sample with higher short fiber content. With back gauge increase (from 43mm to 51 mm), the drafting force decreased and its variability increased, irrespective of short fiber content. The inter-fiber cohesion generally decreased, with widened roller settings. It was shown that a broader distribution of fiber length in an assembly of fibers created, more contact points in the strand being aligned by the drafting process. The CV of drafting force increased as we moved from the smaller back ratch to a wider one, which also contributed to sliver irregularity.

Mechanical, tribological, and biological properties of carbon fiber/hydroxyapatite reinforced hybrid composites

AbstractThe present study aims to investigate the effect of short carbon fiber (SCFs) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) content on mechanical, tribological, and biological properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix composites. The proposed HDPE/SCFs‐HAp hybrid composites with good mechanical‐tribological behavior and biocompatibility might be used as novel implants in orthopedics. The composites were developed using twin‐screw extrusion and compression molding methods. Hardness, tensile, and 3‐point bending tests were performed to investigate the mechanical properties of hybrid composites. To evaluate wear performance of the samples, three different loads (10, 20, and 30 N) were applied in simulated body fluid. Biological activities of the hybrid composite samples were investigated. Results show that HDPE‐10%SCFs‐10%HAp sample provides optimum mechanical, tribological, and biological properties.

Design and Optimization of Process in Spinning Mill to Improve Quality and Productivity of Yarn

Food, shelter and clothing are very basic needs of human beings. Cloths are used by the human beings to protect themselves from light, wind and rain and other environmental factors. Cloths are manufactured from the cotton. In spinning mill industry raw cotton is processed to produce yarn. At present condition quality and productivity of yarn is very important factor and lot of mills failing to achieve the quality as per standards due to this the spinning mills are in financial crisis. In India many spinning mills have stopped their production. So it has direct impact on economical condition of farmers, mill workers and the people who are connected directly or indirectly to spinning mill industry. As it’s affecting the life of many people it is very important to do research work in this field but still now this topic is not touched by researchers in large context. This is the reason why this research work initiated. Various continuous improvements processes are used in industries. Instead of applying single method at one time if we use two methods in integrated approach which compliments each other that will give benefits of both methods in single attempt. To achieve the fine quality of yarn the continuous improvement processes can be used like Six Sigma and Theory of Constraints. If we combine six sigma and theory of constraints and apply over a system as an integrated method that would give us benefits of both methodologies in single attempt with saving of time, money and man power and in results we can achieve fine quality of yarn with increased plant productivity and efficiency which will leads to profitability of mill. In this research by applying the integrated model bottleneck processes were found out and optimum solution is provided by doing improvements in processes. The process capability analysis was done before and after improvements done so we can measure the performance of system. Yarn properties such as unevenness, imperfection index, count variation, hairiness, strength, short fiber content are considered as parameters to measure effectiveness of system. In current system before improvements done there was lot of variation in values of this parameters and by reducing this variations integrated approach leads towards the profitability of spinning mill.

Influence of Cotton Fiber Properties on the Microstructural Characteristics of Mercerized Fibers by Regression Analysis

This study is conducted on a raw material imported from several countries for the purpose of promoting the development of the world’s cotton spinning industry. If the time for selecting the raw material as well as the quality of the cotton spinning is improved, then time and money will be saved and the spinning industry will be improved. For this study, different cotton fibers were selected from different ecological regions. The cotton fibers were processed using the mercerization process, and then they were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). High-volume instrument study was conducted to evaluate the physical properties of cotton fibers, including short fiber content, tensile strength, elongation at break, Micronaire value, and upper half mean length. In addition a change in fiber strength, the degree of crystallinity, and degree of orientation of cotton fibers before and after mercerization was also examined. SEM results show that the surface of cotton fibers became smooth and shiny after the treatment. FTIR and XRD revealed that the chemical composition did not change, but the degree of crystallinity decreased and the degree of orientation of alkalized cotton fibers increased after mercerization. In the second phase of this study, a correlation analysis was made between the physical properties of cotton fibers and the microstructural properties of alkalized cotton samples. This analysis revealed that the breaking strength of cotton fibers is strongly negatively correlated with the crystallinity of cotton fibers. The higher the tensile strength, the lower the crystallinity of cotton fibers, which leads to better mechanical properties of the end product. The degree of the orientation of cotton fibers is highly correlated with a tensile strength of cotton fibers. Xinjiang-Cn, BG-Au, and BG-Tu samples exhibited relatively better physical properties. BG-Au, BG-Tu, and Pakistan samples have higher values of tensile strength and lower values of yellowness; moreover, the raw material from these samples can be preferred according to correlation analysis. Correlation analysis between physical properties reveals that the tensile strength of cotton fibers is positively correlated with the Micronaire value; however, the correlation is not strong because of the lower value of the correlation coefficient as 0.4809.