Short Educational Video Research Articles

Educational endoscopic videos improve teaching of middle ear anatomy.

Videos and images are becoming an educational tool in every domain. The objective was to assess the contribution of short educational endoscopic videos in learning the complex anatomy of the tympanic cavity. We conducted a prospective study amongst all the otolaryngology residents in 2021 in the greater Paris area (n = 74), from the first year to fifth year. We divided the residents into two groups who had the same 30-min anatomy class based on anatomical drawings. The second group had a 4-min endoscopic educational video at the end, whereas the first group did not. A video test of 10 surgical situations with each time 5 anatomic structures to identify was created. All the residents took the test just after the class, and 1 month later to assess long-term memory. The MERSQI score (design to assess the quality of educational studies) applied to our study was calculated. The two groups were comparable in terms of training. The "video" group had significantly better results in the first test, mean score 24.40/50 (± 11.7) versus 16.74/50 (± 11.1) (p = 0.005) and also at 1month, mean score 23.25/50 (± 12.3) versus 18.01/50 (± 11.3) (p = 0.035). The score in each group, and the difference between both groups, increased with resident seniority. The MERSQI score of our study was 14.5/18. This study highlights the educational value of videos to help memorise complex 3D anatomy such as in the tympanic cavity.

Use of Generative AI for Improving Health Literacy in Reproductive Health: Case Study.

Patients find technology tools to be more approachable for seeking sensitive health-related information, such as reproductive health information. The inventive conversational ability of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT (OpenAI Inc), offers a potential means for patients to effectively locate answers to their health-related questions digitally. A pilot study was conducted to compare the novel ChatGPT with the existing Google Search technology for their ability to offer accurate, effective, and current information regarding proceeding action after missing a dose of oral contraceptive pill. A sequence of 11 questions, mimicking a patient inquiring about the action to take after missing a dose of an oral contraceptive pill, were input into ChatGPT as a cascade, given the conversational ability of ChatGPT. The questions were input into 4 different ChatGPT accounts, with the account holders being of various demographics, to evaluate potential differences and biases in the responses given to different account holders. The leading question, "what should I do if I missed a day of my oral contraception birth control?" alone was then input into Google Search, given its nonconversational nature. The results from the ChatGPT questions and the Google Search results for the leading question were evaluated on their readability, accuracy, and effective delivery of information. The ChatGPT results were determined to be at an overall higher-grade reading level, with a longer reading duration, less accurate, less current, and with a less effective delivery of information. In contrast, the Google Search resulting answer box and snippets were at a lower-grade reading level, shorter reading duration, more current, able to reference the origin of the information (transparent), and provided the information in various formats in addition to text. ChatGPT has room for improvement in accuracy, transparency, recency, and reliability before it can equitably be implemented into health care information delivery and provide the potential benefits it poses. However, AI may be used as a tool for providers to educate their patients in preferred, creative, and efficient ways, such as using AI to generate accessible short educational videos from health care provider-vetted information. Larger studies representing a diverse group of users are needed.

Raising Awareness about Sex Trafficking among School Personnel.

We aimed to (1) understand the level of knowledge about sex trafficking of minors among school personnel and the determinants of such knowledge and (2) test the efficacy of short educational videos in increasing knowledge (awareness level) about sex trafficking of minors among school personnel. We employed an online survey to gather responses from 741 school personnel living in the US. The McNemar test was used to test for differences in knowledge before and after exposure to the videos. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of knowledge based on the respondents' characteristics. Predictors of knowledge about sex trafficking were years of experience in working with youth, level of education, and being a female. Exposure to the educational videos improved school personnel's basic knowledge about this crime and interest in seeking additional educational material. School personnel have a high level of awareness of risk factors for sex trafficking but less awareness of the definition of sex trafficking in children. Exposure to short educational videos can increase awareness in the short term. There is a need to develop more comprehensive training initiatives for school personnel on sex trafficking. However, training alone is not sufficient, and there is also a need for developing school protocols and programs to provide adequate support to victims of this crime.

Implementing different teaching methods in geography during the remote learning period in 2020

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the teachers were required to adjust their previous teaching methods, test both their pedagogical skills and their digital competence, as well as the digital competence of the students. The purpose of the research was to map out teaching methods by geography teachers in Estonia, the efficiency levels of those methods, while also receiving feedback about the teaching process as it applied to remote learning. Mixed methods research was conducted amongst 76 geography teachers, data collection method was a questionnaire. The results revealed: if the most efficient methods of learning were forms of discussion which called for active communication between the students themselves, as well as between students and teachers, then the least efficient method was teacher-centered lecture. Forms of discussion were used by teachers most often in synchronized video lessons, but they requested suitable short educational videos and a uniform repository of teaching materials. Half of teachers didn`t use map-related work, minority used work with maps in the e-testing environments or into worksheets. More than half of teachers adjusted the assessment system without making any compromises in terms of learning outcomes. Half of the teachers were so far satisfied with the teaching process and with their contact with the students, half of the teachers believed that their students failed to achieve the planned learning outcomes.

Efforts to Prevent and Handle Sexual Violence in Higher Education

This research explains various efforts to prevent and overcome sexual violence in higher education. This research uses normative research methods with a legislative and historical approach and analyzes the problems raised by legal protection theory and legal theory as a social engineering tool. The Chancellor of UIN Sunan Ampel formed a Task Force for the Prevention and Control of Sexual Violence. The Task Force Team is tasked with outreach to work units within the UIN Sunan Ampel environment. The outreach is carried out by holding lectures via Zoom meetings or face-to-face and by making short educational videos about efforts to prevent and handle sexual violence. In addition, it also provides a hotline channel to report acts of sexual violence, providing a space to receive direct reports from victims and assistants them. This effort aligns with the promulgation of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence. From a progressive legal perspective, legislation is expected to encourage social change in society, especially the environment, in terms of preventing and dealing with sexual violence in higher education environments to create safe university institutions free from sexual violence.

A Randomized Study to Determine the Effect of a Culturally Focused Video Intervention on Improving HPV Vaccine Intentions in a Christian Population in the United States.

Safe and effective vaccines have been developed that protect against high-risk strains of HPV, but uptake is relatively low. We previously identified factors such as sexual attitudes and HPV knowledge that impact the intent of Christian parents to vaccinate their children against HPV. We hypothesized that culturally specific interventions in the form of short videos would be effective at improving HPV vaccine intentions and attitudes. We made three short educational videos, one with a Christian focus, one informational about HPV, and one control. Videos were distributed electronically with accompanying surveys, and responses were measured before and after watching a randomly selected video. The religious-focused and educational interventions significantly (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0015) improved intentions towards HPV vaccination. The religiously-focused video also significantly diminished the belief that the HPV vaccine is unnecessary because of a family's values (p = 0.014). Parents significantly credited both interventions with improving their intent to vaccinate their children against HPV (p < 0.001 for both). These results suggest that culturally focused educational interventions are effective at influencing vaccine intentions and attitudes, even when those are based on religious or cultural feelings. Highly specific interventions are likely to be necessary for optimal improvement in vaccine hesitancy.

Nudging towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccination uptake in medically at-risk children: EPIC study protocol of randomised controlled trials in Australian paediatric outpatient clinics

IntroductionChildren with chronic medical diseases are at an unacceptable risk of hospitalisation and death from influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Over the past two decades, behavioural scientists have learnt how to...

Raising awareness of Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) through the use of educational videos: One size does not fit all

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a leading cause of childhood visual impairment in Western countries. This complex condition impacts affected children’s ability to see and process visual information, affecting their learning and development. Although early intervention is beneficial, many children with CVI live with this condition without this being identified. This is, in part, due to unfamiliarity with the condition among health care and education professionals. In recent years, more information has become available, and attempts have been made to explain this condition in accessible formats, such as educational videos. For this study, students and professionals in health care and education were asked to rate their knowledge about CVI, to watch three short educational videos about CVI, and to complete a survey about the use of these videos as a tool to raise awareness and to increase understanding of the condition. The study shows that educational videos can be used effectively to raise awareness of CVI among educational and health care students and professionals. Furthermore, the study shows that there is a mix of understanding, confidence and learning styles across the key professionals supporting children with CVI. As a result, different videos are effective for different audiences and therefore no one size fits all.

Family presence during in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: effects of an educational online intervention on self-confidence and attitudes of healthcare professionals.

Guidelines support family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospital if deemed to be safe, yet barriers amongst healthcare professionals (HCPs) still exist. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an educational online video intervention on nurses' and physicians' attitudes towards in-hospital FWR and their self-confidence in managing such situations. A pre- and post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted October 2022 to March 2023 at six Swedish hospitals involving the departments of emergency care, medicine, and surgery. The 10 min educational video intervention was based on previous research covering the prevalence and outcome of FWR, attitudes of HCP, patient and family experiences, and practical and ethical guidelines about FWR.In total, 193 accepted participation, whereof 91 answered the post-test survey (47.2%) with complete data available for 78 and 61 participants for self-confidence and attitudes, respectively. The self-confidence total mean scores increased from 3.83 to 4.02 (P < 0.001) as did the total mean scores for attitudes towards FWR (3.38 to 3.62, P < 0.001). The majority (71.0%) had positive views of FWR at baseline and had experiences of in-hospital FWR (58.0%). Self-confidence was highest amongst participants for the delivery of chest compressions (91.2%), defibrillation (88.6%), and drug administration (83.3%) during FWR. Self-confidence was lowest (58.1%) for encouraging and attending to the family during resuscitation. This study suggests that a short online educational video can be an effective way to improve HCP's self-confidence and attitudes towards the inclusion of family members during resuscitation and can support HCP in making informed decisions about FWR.

Three-Minute Videos to Learn About Marine Geochemistry

The international GEOTRACES program (https://www.geotraces.org/) is a marine geochemical project involving scientists from more than 35 countries that aims to improve understanding of trace elements and their isotopes in the marine environment (Anderson, 2024, in this issue). However, terms such as trace elements and isotopes can be very challenging concepts to communicate to a non-scientific audience. GEOTRACES scientists face this difficulty when explaining their research to the general public. To overcome it, the GEOTRACES International Project Office launched a series of short (about three minutes) educational videos aimed at introducing and explaining the science of the GEOTRACES program to the general public. These videos explain marine geochemical science and concepts such as trace elements and isotopes in an easy and fun format while keeping the scientific message accurate. They also constitute a powerful teaching resource and offer an accessible and appealing method for students to learn about marine geochemistry.

When “Yes Means Yes”: Short-Term Effects of an Educational Video on Acceptance of Ideals Related to Affirmative Sexual Consent Among Young Adults

Sexual violence is a prevalent problem impacting college students across the United States. One of the prevention efforts suggested to deal with this concern is to better educate young adults about the ideals of sexual consent. Specifically, many colleges and universities have focused their attention to promote the practice of an affirmative sexual consent standard. Using the theory of planned behavior as the theoretical framework, an experimental study was conducted to test the effectiveness of a short educational video on increasing participants’ acceptance of an affirmative consent standard related to sexual consent, as reflected in more positive attitudes, norms, and greater perceptions of behavioral control related to the enactment of affirmative consent within sexual interactions. Participants were also asked about their endorsement of an indirect approach to sexual consent following viewing of the educational video. Overall results found support for most of the hypotheses, as the findings have practical implications for college health practitioners interested in promoting healthier sexual beliefs, specifically the acceptance of an affirmative consent standard for sexual consent.

Interventional knowledge, attitude and practice study of standard precautions among health care workers at a tertiary care hospital in Western India

Standard precautions are the backbone of any efficient infection control program. Compliance with standard precautions has been a major challenge for health care workers, especially in developing countries. To access the impact of the training program on health care workers (HCW) knowledge, attitude, and practice towards standard precautions. We conducted an interventional Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) study among 150 HCW (50 Doctors, 50 Nurses, and 50 Technicians) in a tertiary care hospital from June 2019 to December 2019. We carried out educational interventions through training sessions with pre- and post-test questionnaires. We compared pre and post questionnaire mean scores to access the impact of short educational videos and seminars on HCWs using unpaired t-tests.HCWs have poor KAP on important aspects of standard precautions. Pre-intervention KAP mean scores were highest among doctors, followed by lab technicians and nurses. After training intervention, improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice among all 3 types of HCWs were statistically significant (P-value &amp;#60;0.005, unpaired t-test). Low pre-intervention knowledge and attitude practice scores regarding standard precautions among doctors, nurses, and lab technicians were improved after training significantly. Hence, we recommend training programs regarding standard precautions should be regularly conducted in health-care facilities to promote good infection control practices and mitigate the risk of hospital-acquired infection. This has future implications in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality in resource limited settings.

The Impact of Short Videos in the Listening Skills of Young Adults with A1 Level from UCACUE

The use of short educational videos as a tool to enhance listening skills in adult learners has gained significant attention in recent years. This study aims to explore the effects of incorporating short everyday English videos into listening activities in university students from UCACUE, La Troncal extension. The research incorporates a comprehensive literature review to identify the theoretical foundations and justifications for using short videos in adult language education. The participants for this study are fifty undergraduate students from the Language Center at UCACUE, with a beginner English level (A1 course) divided into control and experimental. For gathering data, groups are evaluated through questionnaires and pre and post-tests, to obtain quantitative data. Similarly, to attain qualitative data, a survey is introduced to them for analyzing students’ perceptions regarding the implementation of Short Videos in Listening activities. The results of the study revealed a notable enhancement in listening performance, students’ motivation, and engagement for participants who were exposed to video materials compared to those who used traditional audio resources. Participants viewing videos scored higher in post-tests, signifying better comprehension. Consequently, the study concluded that integrating videos effectively enhances listening skills, marking multimedia as a potent tool for educational advancement.

Assessment of Community Awareness and Screening of Chagas Disease in the Latin American Community of Greater New Orleans.

Chagas disease is a public health problem in the Americas, from the southern United States (USA) to Argentina. In the USA, less than 1% of domestic cases have been identified and less than 0.3% of total cases have received treatment. Little is known about affected immigrant Latin American communities. A prospective study was conducted to assess knowledge about Chagas disease among the Latin American community living in the Greater New Orleans area. Participants answered a baseline questionnaire, viewed a short educational video presentation, completed a post-presentation questionnaire, and were screened with an FDA-approved blood rapid diagnostic test (RDT). A total of 154 participants from 18 Latin American countries (n = 138) and the USA (n = 16) were enrolled and screened for Trypanosoma cruzi infection. At baseline, 57% of the participants knew that Chagas disease is transmitted through an insect vector, and 26% recognized images of the vector. Following the administration of an educational intervention, the participants' knowledge regarding vector transmission increased to 91% and 35% of participants were able to successfully identify images of the vector. Five participants screened positive for T. cruzi infection, indicating a 3.24% [95%CI: 1.1-7.5%] prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection within the Latin American community of the New Orleans area. Results highlight the urgent need for improving access to education and diagnostics of Chagas disease.

Effectiveness of Video-Based Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of COVID-19 Health Care Workers: Lesson for Future Pandemic Preparedness

Introduction As we have seen from the previous health emergencies, most recently the COVID-19 pandemic, public health education is often the first line of defense in any disease prevention. Through a short educational video intervention, this study aims to improve the awareness regarding COVID-19 infection control practices to be followed in a clinical laboratory. Methods An online pre- and posttest survey was conducted. After pretest, an educational video was shared among the study participants followed by post test survey. This questionnaire contains items on three domains: knowledge, safe laboratory practices, and attitude. Results Significant improvement occurred in all three domains in study participants post educational intervention. Conclusion Simple educational video intervention can substantially improve the readiness of frontline workers to deal with any kind of pandemic situation.

Randomised controlled trials of behavioural nudges delivered through text messages to increase influenza and COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant women (the EPIC study): study protocol

BackgroundInfluenza and COVID-19 infections during pregnancy may have serious adverse consequences for women as well as their infants. However, uptake of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy remains suboptimal. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component nudge intervention to improve influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women.MethodsPregnant women who receive antenatal care at five tertiary hospitals in South Australia, Western Australia and Victoria will be recruited to two separate randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Women will be eligible for the COVID-19 RCT is they have received two or less doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Women will be eligible for the influenza RCT if they have not received the 2023 seasonal influenza vaccine. Vaccination status at all stages of the trial will be confirmed by the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR). Participants will be randomised (1:1) to standard care or intervention group (n = 1038 for each RCT). The nudge intervention in each RCT will comprise three SMS text message reminders with links to short educational videos from obstetricians, pregnant women and midwives and vaccine safety information. The primary outcome is at least one dose of a COVID-19 or influenza vaccine during pregnancy, as applicable. Logistic regression will compare the proportion vaccinated between groups. The effect of treatment will be described using odds ratio with a 95% CI.DiscussionBehavioural nudges that facilitate individual choices within a complex context have been successfully used in other disciplines to stir preferred behaviour towards better health choices. If our text-based nudges prove to be successful in improving influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women, they can easily be implemented at a national level.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05613751. Registered on November 14, 2022.

The Impact of an Educational Video in Arabic Language on Patients' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Genetic Testing for Cancer Therapy.

Rapid advances in cancer genetics are paving the way towards personalized cancer management, and genetic testing is now an important decision-making tool. Despite the advantages, genetic testing adds a layer of complexity in the management which is difficult to communicate with patients. The variability health literacy among patients may restrict their engagement in genetic procedures. Improving the language and presentation of genomic concepts can influence patients' risk assessment and willingness to undergo testing. The study aimed to compare the knowledge and attitudes of cancer patients presenting to oncology clinics at The American University of Beirut Medical Center before and after watching a short educational video that clarifies the concepts of genetic mutations, genetic testing technique, and its purposes.Twenty-nine adult patients presenting to the oncology clinics and due to receive somatic or germline genetic testing filled a questionnaire which assesses their knowledge and attitudes before and after the educational video was played. The majority of patients had poor baseline knowledge before the intervention. After watching the video, the percentage of patients with poor knowledge decreased to a minimum of 3.4% and a maximum of 39% for each concept. Mean score for attitude questions also increased significantly. Effective patient education and counseling programs in the patients' native language prior to genetic testing can increase knowledge, decrease hesitancy, and improve clinical decision making. A short educational video is an example of a simple intervention towards an inclusive approach in patient care all over the world.

Public Awareness of Interventional Radiology: Population-Based Analysis of the Current State of and Pathways for Improvement

PurposeTo evaluate the awareness of interventional radiology (IR) among the public and identify methods for improvement. Materials and MethodsParticipants (N = 1,000) were anonymously surveyed using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing platform about medical and IR-specific knowledge, preferred methods of acquisition of medical information, and suggestions for improving awareness of IR. The survey consisted of 69 questions, including both Likert Scale and free text questions. ResultsOf the participants, 92% preferred undergoing a minimally invasive procedure over surgery. However, 39.8% recognized IR as a medical specialty, and less than 50% of these participants correctly identified IR as procedurally oriented. Of those who discussed or underwent an IR procedure (n = 113), most were also offered to undergo the procedure performed by a surgeon (n = 66). Furthermore, 71% (n = 20) of those who underwent the procedure performed by a surgeon reported that lack of awareness of IR played a role in their decision. Almost half of the respondents (n = 458) were interested in learning more about IR, particularly the diseases treated and procedures performed (42% and 37%, respectively). Short (<10-minute) educational videos and increased patient education by primary care providers (PCPs) were among the most suggested ways to improve awareness. Regarding the ambiguity of the name “interventional radiology,” most respondents (n = 555) reported this to be true, and “minimally invasive radiologist” was the most preferred alternative (21.18%). ConclusionsLack of awareness of IR may underlie underutilization. When presented with the knowledge that IR improves patient outcomes, minimally invasive procedures by an interventional radiologist are more often desired by the public than surgical options. Educational videos and patient education by PCPs may increase awareness of IR.

Evaluating the impact of short educational videos on the cortical networks for mathematics

Many teaching websites, such as the Khan Academy, propose vivid videos illustrating a mathematical concept. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we asked whether watching such a video suffices to rapidly change the brain networks for mathematical knowledge. We capitalized on the finding that, when judging the truth of short spoken statements, distinct semantic regions activate depending on whether the statements bear on mathematical knowledge or on other domains of semantic knowledge. Here, participants answered such questions before and after watching a lively 5-min video, which taught them the rudiments of a new domain. During the video, a distinct math-responsive network, comprising anterior intraparietal and inferior temporal nodes, showed intersubject synchrony when viewing mathematics course rather than control courses in biology or law. However, this experience led to minimal subsequent changes in the activity of those domain-specific areas when answering questions on the same topics a few minutes later. All taught facts, whether mathematical or not, led to domain-general repetition enhancement, particularly prominent in the cuneus, posterior cingulate, and posterior parietal cortices. We conclude that short videos do not suffice to induce a meaningful lasting change in the brain's math-responsive network, but merely engage domain-general regions possibly involved in episodic short-term memory.

Negative language use of the physiotherapist in low back pain education impacts anxiety and illness beliefs: A randomised controlled trial in healthy respondents

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect of physiotherapists’ negative language use on nocebo effects of state anxiety and illness beliefs. MethodsA web-based randomised controlled trial included adults without recent musculoskeletal pain. The intervention was a short educational video about low back pain using negative language (nocebo condition: n = 87) versus a video using neutral or positive language (control condition: n = 82). State anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Illness beliefs were assessed using the Illness Perception Questionnaire. ResultsNocebo and control groups differed in outcome measures (MANOVA Pillai’s trace = 0.22, F = 4.98; df = (9,159), p < 0.001). Post-hoc analyses showed a medium to large effect for the nocebo condition on anxiety (d = 0.71, 95% CI 0.4 –1.0). The nocebo group also had higher scores in three illness beliefs: beliefs on timeline (d = 0.45, 95% CI 0.14 – 0.75), treatment control (d = 0.43, 95% CI 0.12 – 0.74) and concern (d = 0.47, 95% CI 0.16 – 0.78). ConclusionPhysiotherapists’ use of negative language contributes directly to a higher state anxiety and illness beliefs that can trigger the nocebo effects in the recipient Practice implicationsNegative language use should be avoided.