Short Email Research Articles

A new approach for a fully automated earthquake monitoring: the local seismic network of the Trentino region (NE Italy)

An application of the Complete Automatic Seismic Processor (CASP) for seismic monitoring is presented. Its integrated and iterative fully automatic procedure is able to achieve complete data analysis and significantly rapid elaborations. Its performance in real-time seismic monitoring and alerting is tested in the Trentino region (NE Italy) for the period 1st March 2018 – 31st August 2019. CASP precisely and accurately located 386 seismic events, with local magnitudes in the -0.8–3.4 range, and produced a seismic catalogue with a magnitude of completeness around 1.1. Automatic earthquake solutions, with average horizontal and vertical errors of 1.1 and 1.5 km, are very similar to those included in a manually revised reference catalogue. In addition, 146 detected events are located in the area of the local porphyry quarries. CASP alerts are delivered as Short Message Service (SMS), Telegram and e-mail messages within an average time of just over two minutes from the earthquake origin time. These alerts contain earthquake source parameters, ground shaking levels and instrumental intensities. CASP reliability, promptness and robustness permit to civil protection and decision makers to perform a monitoring primarily dedicated to emergency management, in order to evaluate both seismic sources and their effects (peak ground acceleration) at local targets, such as more inhabited territories and critical infrastructures (dams and hydropower plants).

SeFACED: Semantic-Based Forensic Analysis and Classification of E-Mail Data Using Deep Learning

Artificial Intelligence (AI), in combination with the Internet of Things (IoT), called (AIoT), an emerging trend in industrial applications, is capable of intelligent decision-making with self-driven analytics. With its extensive usage in diverse scenarios, IoT devices generate bulk data contrived by attackers to disrupt normal operations and services. Hence, there is a need for proactive data analysis to prevent cyber-attacks and crimes. To investigate crimes involving Electronic Mail (e-mail), analysis of both the header and the email body is required since the semantics of communication helps to identify the source of potential evidence. With the continued growth of data shared via emails, investigators now face the daunting challenge of extracting the required semantic information from the bulks of emails, thereby causing a delay in the investigation process. This gives an edge to the criminal in erasing their footprints of malicious acts. The existing keyword-based search techniques and filtration often result in extraneous, short sequence emails, which skips meaningful information. To overcome the above limitation, we propose a novel efficient approach named <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SeFACED</i> that uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based Gated Recurrent Neural Network (GRU) for multiclass email classification. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SeFACED</i> not only works on short sequences but with long dependencies of 1000+ characters as well. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SeFACED</i> focuses on tuning LSTM based GRU parameters to attain the best performance and with assessment by comparing it with traditional machine learning, deep learning models, and state-of-the-art studies on the subject. Experimental results on self-extended benchmark datasets exhibit that <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SeFACED</i> effectively outperforms existing methods while keeping the classification process robust and reliable.

Systematic review on telemedicine platforms in lockdown periods: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.

With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, the transformation of the care delivery model from conventional in-person (face to face) to largely virtual or remote care has been accelerated to appropriately allocate resources and constrain the spread of the virus. In this regard, telemedicine is a breakthrough technology to battle against the COVID-19 emergency. Therefore, we sought to identify the telemedicine applications in the COVID-19 pandemic (tele-COVID) according to interaction modes, transmission modalities, and disease categories. This systematic review was conducted through searching five databases including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Inclusion criteria were studies clearly outlining any use of telemedicine interactive mode during the COVID-19 pandemic, written in English language and published in peer-reviewed journals in 2020. Finally, 43 articles met the inclusion out of the 1118 search results. Telemedicine provides a diversity of interaction modes and modalities affordable by patients and physicians including short message service, E-mail and web portals, secure telephone calls or VOIP, video calls, interactive mobile health applications (m-Health), remote patient monitoring, and video conferencing. Transmission of video data using synchronized video calls via common social media had the highest and exchange of data using store-forward service via secure messaging technology and prerecorded multimedia had the lowest popularity for virtual disease management during the COVID-19 outbreak. Selection of telemedicine communication services and interaction modes with regard to its use-case, disease category, and application plays a significant role in the success of remote disease management infrastructures in this scenario and their implication for a better future healthcare system.

Automation of smart monitoring for person localisation and alerting network

My person localisation and alerting network (myPLAN) is an application for cautioning connections in deadlock situations. myPLAN is a mobile application (app) developed for Android enabled smartphone. The app invokes global positioning system (GPS) application programming interface (API) from the smartphone to retrieve the location data. The whereabouts of an individual are incorporated using GPS module and Wi-Fi networks that are embedded in the device. GPS and Wi-Fi sensors utilise triangulation techniques to pinpoint the exact location on the global map. The application involves in linking the entity with the known people. myPLAN app unlocks with a code. An individual can inform the associated people about the whereabouts in case of trouble. The person can alert the connections about the location and time via short message service (SMS) and e-mail with the entity details along with the location coordinates.

The use of eHealth interventions among persons experiencing homelessness: A systematic review.

ObjectiveeHealth interventions are being developed to meet the needs of diverse populations. Despite these advancements, little is known about how these interventions are used to improve the health of persons experiencing homelessness. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the feasibility, effectiveness, and experience of eHealth interventions for the homeless population.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted along with forward and backward citation searching to identify relevant articles.ResultsEight articles met eligibility criteria. All articles were pilot or feasibility studies that used modalities, including short message service, mobile apps, computers, email, and websites, to deliver the interventions. The accessibility, flexibility, and convenience of the interventions were valued by participants. However, phone retention, limited adaptability, a high level of human involvement, and preference for in-person communication may pose future implementation challenges.ConclusionseHealth interventions are promising digital tools that have the potential to improve access to care and service delivery. eHealth interventions are feasible and usable for persons experiencing homelessness. These interventions may have health benefits by augmenting existing services and if implementation challenges are addressed. Further evaluation of the effectiveness of eHealth interventions is needed before widespread implementation. Those with lived experience should also be engaged in developing and evaluating these interventions.

Using Fishbowl Strategy to Develop the Preparatory Stage Students’ EFL Reading Comprehension Skills

Abstract The present study aimed at investigating the effect of using fishbowl strategy to develop the preparatory stage students’ EFL reading comprehension skills. To achieve this aim, two instruments were used: (1) a reading comprehension skills checklist; and (2) a pre-post reading comprehension skills test. The current study adopted the quasi-experimental design. The participants of the study consisted of sixty students, at Bellamon and Al-Azzawi Preparatory/Secondary Institutes for Girls, Sinblaween, Al-Dakahlia. The participants were randomly assigned to two intact groups, one experimental group and one control group. Each group included thirty participants. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group in their performance of the post administration of the reading comprehension test in favor of the experimental group. In addition, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre and post administration of the reading comprehension test in favor of the post administration. The present study provided evidence that using fishbowl strategy through short stories, emails and report was effective in promoting the students’ EFL reading comprehension skills. The study recommended using fishbowl strategy through short stories, emails and reports in teaching reading comprehension skills and other language skills. Key words: Fishbowl Strategy, Reading Comprehension Skills, and EFL Students.

Periodic Refresher Emails for Emergency Department Mass Casualty Incident Plans.

This mass casualty incident (MCI) curriculum is intended for use as refresher content in the months between more formal education, such as hands-on MCI training and drills. The target audience for each topic varies, but the majority of them apply to all disciplines such as direct patient care roles (emergency room technicians, nurses, paramedics, advanced practice practitioners, resident physicians, attending physicians, etc.) and emergency department clerks/coordinators. Topics intended for only one or more discipline are labeled as such. See curriculum chart or email schedule (Appendix AI) for details. This curriculum is intended for use as weekly refresher emails spanning up to a 30-week period. There have been an increasing number of mass casualty events occurring throughout the country in recent years, many of which involve penetrating trauma. Education surrounding response to an MCI is broad and has many complex and ever-changing aspects that require staff to be updated on the most current information. This curriculum is intended to maintain a knowledge base of MCI processes to mitigate degradation of necessary knowledge between hands-on MCI training. The educational strategies used in this curriculum include short weekly refresher emails and optional external links for further reading. This content was evaluated for efficacy by administering electronic knowledge tests at baseline, mid-way (at 16 weeks), and at the end of the curriculum (32 weeks) via email. Additionally, brief content questions were asked in person while staff members were on shift throughout the entire study period, and a post-study survey was administered in order to obtain staff opinions on email length and training processes in general. Scores for the knowledge tests were slightly higher at the end of the 32 weeks compared to baseline. Subjective feedback was positive overall at the end of the testing period. Training and maintaining knowledge of roles and concepts of mass casualty incidents is vital since such events will never happen when expected. Short refresher emails allow educators to use spaced repetition and interleaving methods which have been shown to be a helpful adjunct to maintain knowledge, skills, and attitudes learned in more formal training.1,2. Mass casualty incident, emergency department, decontamination, blast injury, media relations, biological agents, reprocessing, crisis standard of care, SALT (Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, Treatment/Transport) triage, personal protective equipment, disaster carts, airways, passive security, family reunification.

Using digital tools in the recruitment and retention in randomised controlled trials: survey of UK Clinical Trial Units and a qualitative study

BackgroundRecruitment and retention of participants in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is a key determinant of success but is challenging. Trialists and UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) Clinical Trials Units (CTUs) are increasingly exploring the use of digital tools to identify, recruit and retain participants. The aim of this UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) study was to identify what digital tools are currently used by CTUs and understand the performance characteristics required to be judged useful.MethodsA scoping of searches (and a survey with NIHR funding staff), a survey with all 52 UKCRC CTUs and 16 qualitative interviews were conducted with five stakeholder groups including trialists within CTUs, funders and research participants. A purposive sampling approach was used to conduct the qualitative interviews during March–June 2018. Qualitative data were analysed using a content analysis and inductive approach.ResultsResponses from 24 (46%) CTUs identified that database-screening tools were the most widely used digital tool for recruitment, with the majority being considered effective. The reason (and to whom) these tools were considered effective was in identifying potential participants (for both Site staff and CTU staff) and reaching recruitment target (for CTU staff/CI). Fewer retention tools were used, with short message service (SMS) or email reminders to participants being the most reported. The qualitative interviews revealed five themes across all groups: ‘security and transparency’; ‘inclusivity and engagement’; ‘human interaction’; ‘obstacles and risks’; and ‘potential benefits’. There was a high level of stakeholder acceptance of the use of digital tools to support trials, despite the lack of evidence to support them over more traditional techniques. Certain differences and similarities between stakeholder groups demonstrated the complexity and challenges of using digital tools for recruiting and retaining research participants.ConclusionsOur studies identified a range of digital tools in use in recruitment and retention of RCTs, despite the lack of high-quality evidence to support their use. Understanding the type of digital tools in use to support recruitment and retention will help to inform funders and the wider research community about their value and relevance for future RCTs. Consideration of further focused digital tool reviews and primary research will help to reduce gaps in the evidence base.

Implementation of IoT in Embedded Systems for Real Time Water Quality Monitoring

Here we describe an embedded system, its development and design with the help of Raspberry Pi 3 controller that monitors the quality parameters of water which are pH level, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and temperature at the same time. Internet of Things (IoT) technique is employed for the development of the system. Using this system, we have collected the data for the quality of water parameters include: pH level, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and temperature. After processing the data, a short message and email is sent using GSM/GPRS module when the parameters exceed the accepted limit. The efficiency of the system has been checked by comparing the parameter values that are collected using this system with manually measured parameter values in a certified laboratory.

Incorporating Information From Electronic and Social Media Into Psychiatric and Psychotherapeutic Patient Care: Survey Among Clinicians.

BackgroundObtaining collateral information from a patient is an essential component of providing effective psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care. Research indicates that patients’ social and electronic media contains information relevant to their psychotherapy and clinical care. However, it remains unclear to what degree this content is being actively utilized by clinicians as a part of diagnosis or therapy. Moreover, clinicians’ attitudes around this practice have not been well characterized.ObjectiveThis survey aimed to establish the current attitudes and behaviors of outpatient clinicians regarding the incorporation of patients’ social and electronic media into psychotherapy.MethodsA Web-based survey was sent to outpatient psychotherapists associated with McLean Hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts. The survey asked clinicians to indicate to what extent and with which patients they reviewed patients’ social and electronic media content as part of their clinical practice, as well as their reasons for or against doing so.ResultsOf the total 115 respondents, 71 (61.7%) indicated that they had viewed at least one patient’s social or electronic media as part of psychotherapy, and 65 of those 71 (92%) endorsed being able to provide more effective treatment as a result of this information. The use of either short message service text messages or email was significantly greater than the use of other electronic media platforms (χ21=24.1, n=115, P<.001). Moreover, the analysis of survey responses found patterns of use associated with clinicians’ years of experience and patient demographics, including age and primary diagnosis.ConclusionsThe incorporation of patients’ social and electronic media into therapy is currently common practice among clinicians at a large psychiatric teaching hospital. The results of this survey have informed further questions about whether reviewing patient’s media impacts the quality and efficacy of clinical care.

Child-care self-assessment to improve physical activity, oral health and nutrition for 2- to 4-year-olds: a feasibility cluster RCT

Background The Nutrition And Physical Activity Self Assessment for Child Care (NAP SACC) intervention has shown evidence of effectiveness in the USA but not been adapted or assessed for effectiveness in the UK. Objectives To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing NAP SACC in the UK. Design Adaptation and development of NAP SACC and feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) including process and economic evaluations. Substudies assessed mediator questionnaire test–retest reliability and feasibility of food photography methods. Setting Nurseries, staff and parents in North Somerset, Cardiff, Gloucestershire and Bristol. Participants Development – 15 early years/public health staff and health visitors, 12 nursery managers and 31 parents. RCT – 12 nurseries and 31 staff, four partners and 168 children/parents. Mediator substudy – 82 parents and 69 nursery staff. Food photography substudy – four nurseries, 18 staff and 51 children. Intervention NAP SACC UK partners supported nurseries to review policies and practices and set goals to improve nutrition, oral health and physical activity (PA) over 5 months. Two workshops were delivered to nursery staff by local experts. A home component [website, short message service (SMS) and e-mails] supported parents. The control arm continued with usual practice. Main outcome measures Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and methods according to prespecified criteria. Data sources Qualitative data to adapt the intervention. Measurements with children, parents and staff at baseline and post intervention (8–10 months after baseline). Interviews with nursery managers, staff, parents and NAP SACC UK partners; observations of training, workshops and meetings. Nursery environment observation, nursery Review and Reflect score, and resource log. Child height and weight, accelerometer-determined PA and sedentary time, screen time and dietary outcomes using the Child and Diet Evaluation Tool. Staff and parent questionnaires of knowledge, motivation and self-efficacy. Child quality of life and nursery, family and health-care costs. Food photography of everything consumed by individual children and staff questionnaire to assess acceptability. Results Thirty-two per cent (12/38) of nurseries and 35.3% (168/476) of children were recruited; no nurseries withdrew. The intervention was delivered in five out of six nurseries, with high levels of fidelity and acceptability. Partners found it feasible but had concerns about workload. The child loss to follow-up rate was 14.2%. There was suggestion of promise in intervention compared with control nurseries post intervention for snacks, screen time, proportion overweight or obese and accelerometer-measured total PA and moderate to vigorous PA. Many parental and nursery knowledge and motivation mediators improved. The average cost of delivering the intervention was £1184 per nursery excluding partner training, and the average cost per child was £27. Fourteen per cent of parents used the home component and the mediator questionnaire had good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Photography of food was acceptable and feasible. Limitations Following nursery leavers was difficult. Accelerometer data, diet data and environmental assessment would have been more reliable with 2 days of data. Conclusions The NAP SACC UK intervention and methods were found to be feasible and acceptable to participants, except for the home component. There was sufficient suggestion of promise to justify a definitive trial. Future work A multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of NAP SACC UK has been funded by NIHR and will start in July 2019 (PHR NIHR 127551). Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN16287377. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 7, No. 13. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Funding was also provided by the North Somerset and Gloucestershire Councils, Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer) (MR/KO232331/1), and the Elizabeth Blackwell Institute.

Patient preferences and expectation for feedback on adverse drug reaction reports submitted in Ghana.

Personalized feedback received for spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports serves as motivation for future reporting and the effectiveness of the feedback is dependent on the medium used in delivering the information. Explore expectation for feedback from patients on ADR reports submitted to the National Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPvC) in Ghana and the preferred medium for receiving the feedback information. Cross-sectional study using structured questionnaire administered through face-to-face interview from August to September 2016 to patients selected by convenience sampling. Pearson chi-square (§2) or Fisher's exact test was used to determine associations between background variables such as age, gender and level of education. The response rate was 86.7% (n=442). Of the participants interviewed, 96.5% expected to receive feedback for ADR reports submitted. Age and level of education were the two variables significantly associated with patients' expectation for feedback.The preferred medium for receiving feedback in decreasing order of preference were, telephone call (60.4%), mobile phone short messaging services (23.0%), email (8.3%), face-to-face meeting (3.4%), personalized letter (3.4%) and publication in a newsletter (1.4%). Patients' expectation for receiving feedback for ADR reports submitted to the NPvC is in line with modern trends in communication. NPvC should explore these alternatives for providing feedback to patients. This study is limited to what patients' expectations and preferences were for receiving feedback on ADR reports submitted, additional study to further explore the type of information patients expect to be contained in the feedback will be useful to National Pharmacovigilance Centres. None declared.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Postpartum Follow-Up Testing: Challenges and Solutions.

One in every 4 pregnancies is affected by hyperglycemia, of which 90% is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Women with GDM are at a high risk of developing both short- and long-term complications. Various studies have shown the heightened risk of type 2 diabetes among women with GDM. Despite clear evidence from published literature about the substantial risk that GDM imposes on women after delivery, rates of postpartum follow up have been low in most parts of the world. Several reasons, such as lack of awareness among health-care professionals and patient-related barriers, such as emotional stress and adjusting to motherhood, have been cited as reasons for poor follow-up rates. To address these issues and come up with solutions to improve postpartum follow-up rates, it is important to understand these barriers both from the patient and the health-care system points of view. In this review, we have summarized some of the key issues contributing to the low postpartum follow-up rates and have discussed possible strategies to tackle them. Use of proactive reminder systems, such as postal service, telephone call, short messaging service and e-mail, recall registries for GDM and utilization of mobile health technology are some of the key strategies that have been discussed in this review. A brief note on the Women in India with GDM Strategy project, which developed a model of care for GDM in resource-constrained settings and adopted several strategies that led to a 95.8% postpartum follow up, has also been presented.

Small Changes, Large Rewards: How Individualized Emails Increase Performance in an Upper Division Physiology Course

“I really do appreciate your concern! Very rare to find a professor like that!” This was a sentence in an email I received from a struggling student in my Cardiovascular Physiology course, an upper division elective course in the Physiology Department at the University of Arizona in Tucson.As teachers, we tend to gravitate towards the students who seem engaged, who are interactive, who are interested in what we're talking about. The ones who struggle are often forgotten, hiding in large classes, rarely adding to the conversation.So, how do we engage these students, who can make up a significant fraction of the student (or classroom) population? Show them we care!Four years ago, I started sending personalized emails (in which the body of each email was the same, but they were addressed to each student individually) to students who received a failing score on the first of three exams, approximately 10% of a class of 200. In the email, I pointed out that the student didn't do as well as expected on the exam, and that, however, it was still early in the semester; that changing habits now could turn their grade around. Then I asked them whether they knew why they hadn't performed well. I gave some suggestions, such as: coming to class, participating in discussions; attending office hours, creating and using study groups. I finished by reiterating the fact that together we could improve their standing in the class.When schools around the country are worried about graduation rates, there is an increased emphasis on retention. Schools are adding programs to help at‐risk students, hiring tutors, working with underserved populations. All of which is slowly increasing the number of graduates.Perhaps, just a short email to a struggling student might help.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

An eye center-wide burnout intervention: resilience program and burnout survey.

Burnout affects half of doctors in the United States. Programs to decrease burnout and foster resilience are needed to prevent loss of doctors in the workforce and maintain quality care. To ameliorate burnout at our eye center, we developed a resilience program and used a survey to identify additional groups with higher burnout for future interventions. The eye center-wide resilience program consisted of the baseline burnout survey, short email wellness tips, a grand rounds presentation, short wellness presentations at faculty meetings, and a small group discussion series with clinical faculty. The anonymous burnout survey was performed prospectively online at the beginning of this program. The survey participants consisted of respondents at the Duke Eye Center, including all doctors, scientists, clinical and research staff, trainees, and administrative and educational staff, in June and July of 2017. The short, anonymous electronic survey consisted of 10 demographic questions, 2 validated burnout questions, and 1 validated work-life balance question. A total of 593 individuals were invited to participate, of whom 252 completed the survey. Overall, 37% of the respondents reported being emotionally exhausted, and 17% had experienced depersonalization. With regard to work-life balance, 43% of the respondents were satisfied and 34% were dissatisfied. Burnout was higher in respondents who participated in clinical care (P = 0.001), particularly among ophthalmic technicians (P = 0.044). Feedback from the doctors participating in the "Doctors Lounge" suggested perceived benefits, including enhanced collegiality, life skills, and improved self-management. Our baseline burnout survey showed higher burnout in our clinical workers, particularly in our ophthalmic technicians. Planning for next year will include the providers identified in the survey.

Patient Attendance Alert to Specialty System: An automatic alert to identify patients admitted with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

An automatic generated alert identifying patients with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on admission can help reduce length of stay and readmissions. Short message service (SMS) and email alerts were designed to be generated from a patient’s known coding diagnosis of COPD on admission. Ten plan, do, study, act cycles were carried out to filter the alerts to reduce the number of alerts generated to be only from the emergency department (ED) and acute medical unit (AMU). Additional filter of set phrases of respiratory …

Short email with attachment versus long email without attachment when contacting authors to request unpublished data for a systematic review: a nested randomised trial

ObjectiveSystematic reviews often rely on the acquisition of unpublished analyses or data. We carried out a nested randomised trial comparing two different approaches for contacting authors to request additional data...

Active surveillance of 2017 seasonal influenza vaccine safety: an observational cohort study of individuals aged 6 months and older in Australia

ObjectiveTo actively solicit adverse events experienced in the days following immunisation with quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine using Australia’s near real-time, participant-based vaccine safety surveillance system, AusVaxSafety.Design and settingObservational cohort study...

Smart Indoor Home Surveillance Monitoring System Using Raspberry Pi

Internet of Things (IoTs) are internet computing devices which are connected to everyday objects that can receive and transmit data intelligently. IoTs allow human to interact and control everyday objects wirelessly to provide more convenience in their lifestyle. The Raspberry Pi is a small, lightweight and cheap single board computer that can fit on human’s palm. Security plays a big role in a home. People concern about security by preventing any intruders to enter their home. This is to prevent loss of privacy and assets. The closed-circuit television (CCTV) is one of the device used to monitor the secured area for any intruders. The use of traditional CCTV to monitor the secured area have three limitations, which are requiring a huge volume of storage to store all the videos regardless there are intruders or not, does not notify the users immediately when there are motions detected, and users must always check the CCTV recorded videos regularly to identity any intruders. Therefore, a smart surveillance monitoring system is proposed to solve this problem by detecting intruders and capturing image of the intruder. Notifications will also be sent to the user immediately when motions are detected. This smart surveillance monitoring system only store the images of the intruders that triggered the motion sensor, making this system uses significantly less storage space. The proposed Raspberry Pi is connected with a passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor, a webcam and internet connection, the whole device can be configured to carry out the surveillance tasks. The objectives of this project are to design, implement and test the surveillance system using the Raspberry Pi. This proposed surveillance system provides the user with live stream of video feed for the user. Whenever a motion is detected by the PIR motion sensor, the web camera may capture an image of the intruder and alert the users (owners) through Short Message Service (SMS) and email notifications. The methodology used to develop this system is by using the object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) model.

Real-time Monitoring of Subsea Gas Pipelines, Offshore Platforms, and Ship Inspection Scores Using an Automatic Identification System

The aim of this research is to develop an algorithm and application that can perform real-time monitoring of the safety operation of offshore platforms and subsea gas pipelines as well as determine the need for ship inspection using data obtained from automatic identification system (AIS). The research also focuses on the integration of shipping database, AIS data, and others to develop a prototype for designing a real-time monitoring system of offshore platforms and pipelines. A simple concept is used in the development of this prototype, which is achieved by using an overlaying map that outlines the coordinates of the offshore platform and subsea gas pipeline with the ship’s coordinates (longitude/latitude) as detected by AIS. Using such information, we can then build an early warning system (EWS) relayed through short message service (SMS), email, or other means when the ship enters the restricted and exclusion zone of platforms and pipelines. The ship inspection system is developed by combining several attributes. Then, decision analysis software is employed to prioritize the vessel’s four attributes, including ship age, ship type, classification, and flag state. Results show that the EWS can increase the safety level of offshore platforms and pipelines, as well as the efficient use of patrol boats in monitoring the safety of the facilities. Meanwhile, ship inspection enables the port to prioritize the ship to be inspected in accordance with the priority ranking inspection score.