Shoreline Change Analysis Research Articles

Dynamics of Shoreline Changes Along the Coast of Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga River Estuary, North Eastern Coast of India Using DSAS Technique: A Geospatial Technology Approach

ABSTRACTThe coastal regions represent one of the most significant environmental and economic resources, offering critical ecosystems that support biodiversity. Shoreline change analysis offers critical insights into coastal dynamics, providing trends in erosion and accretion, enabling effective coastal management and hazard mitigation. In the current study, shoreline change is assessed utilizing the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) model for Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuaries in Baleswar district, Odisha, India. The shoreline was extracted using multitemporal satellite images like Landsat‐5 and Landsat‐7 for the years 1991, 2000, and 2011. Similarly Sentinel‐2 and Landsat‐8 satellite imagery were used for the year 2022. The satellite data from 1991 to 2022 were processed using Envi, ArcGIS softwares and the shoreline is extracted for each year using band ratioing methods to demarcate shoreline. In the current research, the net accretion and erosion along the coast were analyzed using the GIS (geographic information systems) technique and the DSAS model. The four important statistical parameters of the DSAS model utilized in the study area are end point rate (EPR), net shoreline movement (NSM), linear regression rate (LRR), and least median of squares (LMS). The shoreline change analysis for the coast of Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuary area from 1991 to 2022 reveals that 44% of the coast is under accretion, 7% is under stable coast, and 23% is under erosion. According to the findings, the coastal area of the recent study is both progressive and regressive in nature. For the study area, the average rates of shoreline accretion and erosion are 1.05 m and 0.45 m per year, respectively. The study gives information on erosion and accretion near the Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuaries, which will aid in the development of an adaptive shoreline management strategy and coastal vulnerability assessment.

Extraction of lanceolate imagery for analysis of mangrove extent and shoreline changes

This study aims to determine the area of Topang Island's mangrove forest, an area experiencing extreme line changes and the magnitude of the coastline change rate from 1991 to 2021 on Topang Island, Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province. The method used in this research is remote sensing and field survey. The data obtained were discussed descriptively. The results found that the calculation of wave height prediction on the coast of Topang Island was included in the low category with an average height of 0.12 meters. The research area is dominated by abrasion, based on visual observations, Topang Island has a type of peat and muddy beach. The area of mangroves on Topang Island from 2001 to 2021 saw a big change, either adding or reducing the area of mangroves. Topang Island experienced the worst abrasion in the eastern part with an average abrasion rate of 6.13 m/year, and accretion in the western part with an average accretion rate of 0.62 m/year.

Morpho-hydrodynamic processes impacted by the 2022-extreme La Niña event and high river discharge conditions in the southern coastal area of West Java, Indonesia

ABSTRACT The significance of sediment-laden river discharges is strongly related to climate change and rainfall intensity, resulting in severe erosion of the catchment areas and riverbanks. The combination of tides and waves considerably influence the sediment transport and distribution patterns of an estuary, inducing the sedimentary processes of the coastal area. This study aims to analyze the impacts of the La Niña event in 2022 and high river discharges in the Bojong Salawe Beach, Pangandaran. This area has a large estuary with several tributaries, with a high potential for erosion and sedimentation. Furthermore, its location directly faces the Indian Ocean, posing the risk of wind-induced high waves. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis (using dataset ERA-5 taken from the Copernicus Climate Change Service) and numerical models (using Mike21) with an identification of erosion and accretion processes. The results show that the boreal autumn 2022 significantly impacted the study area, compared to the boreal winter 2022. Higher precipitation levels during boreal autumn substantially increased the river discharges, transferring the total load of sediment of about 1.48 × 10−3 m3/s/m. Moreover, shoreline change analysis using digital shoreline analysis system confirmed that Bojong Salawe Beach was indicated to experience high erosion, particularly around the mouth of the estuary.

Analysis of shoreline changes on the coast of Tanjung Widoro, Bungah Sub-District, Gresik District

Analysis of shoreline changes on the coast of Tanjung Widoro, Bungah Sub-District, Gresik District

Geospatial technology based shoreline change analysis (1992–2022) and predictive forecast modeling for 2032 and 2042, utilizing DSAS, along the eastern coast of India

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of shoreline dynamics in the Thanjavur district, focusing on erosion and accretion trends from 1992 to 2022. The coastal region was partitioned based on Taluk boundaries to discern distinct patterns in erosion and accretion. The Peravurani region displayed stability, while the Mettupalayam Coast exhibited modest accretion, influenced by sediment deposition from the Tedakkiar River. Mettupalayam had the highest net shoreline movement (NSM), contrasting with the Mandiripattinam coast's prevalent erosion trend. Areas such as Ammani Chattram and Setubava Chattram coast remained relatively stable, while Ganeshapuram, Sendalapattinam, and Sembalpattinam coasts experienced low accretion linked to the Ambuliar River. The study found that the maximum erosion in the study area is 4.1 m/yr (end point rate (EPR)) and 4.21 m/yr (linear regression rate (LRR)) at the Maravakkadu coastal region, and the maximum accretion is 3.75 m/yr (EPR) and LRR of 4.12 m/yr at the Mettupalayam coast. Employing the Kalman filter, future shoreline projections for 2032 and 2042 revealed heightened erosion and accretion trends, identifying vulnerable areas and distinct accretion patterns. It has been predicted that the eastern part of the coastal stretch erodes towards the land, and the western part is accreting. The dynamic interaction of erosion and accretion in Sendalapattinam underscored historical influences on future projections. However, ongoing erosion on the Maravakkadu coast may entail potential economic consequences. The findings emphasize the need for informed coastal management strategies, integrating historical data and future predictions. This will help maintain the coastal ecosystem and community resilience in the changing shoreline dynamics.

Automatic Detection and Analysis of the Shoreline Change Rate at Maravanthe Coast, India

Maravanthe Beach has been witnessing erosion due to waves caused by tidal forces, destroying vegetation, and causing enormous damage to people’s lives, livestock, and property. Hence, an attempt has been made to understand the shoreline change analysis using the automatic shoreline extraction method and determine the rate of change in terms of erosion and accretion rate before and after the construction of coastal structures during the period from 2014 to 2023. The SWAT model was applied to analyze the influence of surface runoff on shoreline changes near Maravanthe Beach for the periods 2004–2014 and 2012–2023. Also, runoff was chosen as one of the parameters for validation of the analysis. It was noticed that the shoreline stretch had experienced significant erosion prior to the construction of shore protection infrastructure. Soon after the deployment of certain shore structures, the shoreline progressed from a high erosion stretch to a low erosion stretch. This study reveals that Maravanthe Beach witnessed greater erosion during the period 2014–2018 than it did from 2019–2023 and also observed a decrease in erosion from 11% to 3% and an increase in the accretion zones from 2 to 9%.

Analysis of shoreline change and community-based restoration initiatives in Lake Bosomtwe, Ghana

Analysis of shoreline change and community-based restoration initiatives in Lake Bosomtwe, Ghana

Analysis of Manyas Lake Surface Area and Shoreline Change Over Various Periods with DSAS Tool

Analysis of Manyas Lake Surface Area and Shoreline Change Over Various Periods with DSAS Tool

Analysis of shoreline changes in the city of Gorontalo using remote sensing technology

Coastal areas are essential for economic activities but are also vulnerable to environmental changes caused by human activities. Remote sensing technology can help monitor shoreline changes efficiently and accurately related to the spatial-temporal dynamics of the local area's coastline, which is needed to develop an effective coastal management strategy. By using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) water index method for shoreline extraction, the results show that the addition of coastal areas (accretion) as part of the dominant process for coastal equilibrium in almost all coastal regions in Gorontalo City during the 2000-2022 period, experienced trend acceleration significantly during the 2015-2022 period with an increase in the accretion rate of 60.15%. The accretion rate in this period has resulted in an increase in the land area of the coastal zone by 425.44% compared to the accretion that occurred during the 2000-2015 period. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for further research regarding the impact of human activities on coastal ecosystems and the effectiveness of coastal management strategies for Gorontalo City.Keywords: Google earth engine; coastal equilibrium; landsat; sentinel-2; MNDWI

Shoreline delineation and change analysis in response to sea level rise and coastal bathymetry along the coast of Visakhapatnam, India using high-resolution optical imagery

Shoreline delineation and change analysis in response to sea level rise and coastal bathymetry along the coast of Visakhapatnam, India using high-resolution optical imagery

PyShoreVolume 1.0.0: A Python based Shoreline Change and beach Volumetric Change Analysis tool

Shoreline Change Analysis (SCA) and Volumetric Change Analysis (VCA) are of growing importance to coastal managers throughout the world. The volume, resolution and accuracy of shoreline configurations are gradually improving, which demands tools for efficient processing and analysis. The limited number of systems that combine the two analysis types have lengthy workflows or require commercial software licences, with no current tool that automates VCA from a time series of Digital Elevation Models (DEM’s). We present a new, dedicated and open-source package for automating SCA and VCA in the Python environment. It is designed with a user-friendly interface and workflow, delivers efficient processing speeds, automatically generates map based graphical outputs and computes a full range of positional statistics. We verify the package delivers equivalent outputs to existing tools (AMBUR, DSAS) and demonstrate strong performance by reconstructing erosion and accretion over the last twenty years along the beaches of the Taw and Torridge Estuary, North Devon, UK, a region known to have a complex sediment and morphometric dynamics.

Numerical Analysis of Shoreline Changes along the Coast Batu Hiu-Bojong Salawe, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia

Shoreline change poses a significant challenge in coastal regions, leading to issues such as abrasion, soil erosion, and the loss of valuable land. This problem is prevalent in various areas of Pangandaran, particularly in the Batu Hiu-Bojong Salawe coastal region of Pangandaran Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The objective of this study is to analyse and quantify the distance and rate of shoreline changes occurring over a decade (2010-2019) in the Batu Hiu-Bojong Salawe coastal area. Utilizing ArcMap software and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), this research aims to provide insights into the coastal dynamics, drawing analytical points from comparable studies for a comprehensive understanding. Batu Hiu's western coast faces substantial erosion (29.70m, LLR 3.10 m/year, EPR 3.22 m/year), while the east experiences accretion (52.76m, LLR/EPR 5.49 m/year, 5.72 m/year). Coastal dynamics, influenced by rocky structures, lead to sedimentation and erosion. Bojong Salawe Beach sees noteworthy accretion (83.01m, LRR/EPR 8.88 m/year, 9.00 m/year), with a maximum at transect 85 (134.5m, LRR 14.27 m/year, EPR 14.58 m/year). Erosion at transects 104 and 107 averages 30.47m, with LLR/EPR rates of 3.41 m/year and 3.3 m/year. The Cijulang River estuary contributes to coastal stability, resulting in significant accretion. This information is vital for coastal management, offering insights to address erosion and accretion impacts in Batu Hiu and Bojong Salawe coastal areas.

Geospatial analysis of shoreline changes in the Oman coastal region (2000-2022) using GIS and remote sensing techniques

This research introduces an innovative method employing the Canny edge detector for automatic and precise coastline extraction, aiming to analyze spatial and temporal variations in the Oman coastline from 2000 to 2022 using GIS and remote sensing (RS) techniques. Focusing on both multi-decadal and short-term periods, the study aims to detect accretion and erosion rates through the observation and interpretation of coastal changes. Utilizing the Digital Shoreline Analysis System and LANDSAT imageries, Shoreline changes have been quantitatively evaluated using three distinct approaches: Linear Regression Rate (LRR), End Point Rate (EPR), and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM). The dynamic nature of the Oman coastal region necessitates a comprehensive understanding of its evolving coastline. Our investigation applies digital shoreline analysis to discern shifts in the coastline’s position, employing a multiple regression approach for quantifying the rate of coastal change. To facilitate automatic shoreline extraction, various methods were experimented with, ultimately determining the Canny Edge algorithm’s superiority in yielding precise results. The paper outlines the monitoring procedures for the coastal area and analyzes coastline changes using geospatial techniques. This analysis provides valuable insights for the planning and management of the Oman shore. Furthermore, the proposed model’s applicability is rigorously tested against other generic edge detection algorithms, including Sobel, Prewitt, and Robert’s techniques. The conclusive findings demonstrate that our model outperforms these alternatives, particularly excelling in the accurate detection of the coastline. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of coastal dynamics and offers a robust methodology for coastal monitoring, with implications for effective planning and management strategies in the Oman shore region.

Analysis of Shoreline and Erosion Changes along the West African Coast from 1980 to 2020

The manifestations of climate change in coastal areas may represent a serious threat to livelihoods and lives. In West Africa, where many capital cities are located with a high concentration of people, shoreline changes have been studied in some port cities and beaches. This study investigates the changes along the coastline of West Africa from 1980 to 2020 at a regional scale including twelve countries. Spatial technique, remote sensing and GIS were employed in the assessment and analysis and monitoring of the shoreline changes from Mauritania to Nigeria. The findings revealed noticeable decadal changes with the most significant change evident from 1980 to 1990. The study further indicates that the coasts of Senegal and Guinea and Guinea Bissau experienced significant shift in the shoreline as it moved landward from 1980 to 1990. The results of the geospatial analysis indicates that erosion and accretion trends were dominated by loss of coastal land totaling 17372.45 km2 from 1980 to 1990 with erosion rates higher than areas gained through accretion. The difference between erosion and accretion rates between 1980-1990 period is 15,769.8 km2 with erosion rates on the increase. Study has provided to demonstrate decadal changes of coastal erosion and shoreline changes that characterize the West Africa coast from 1980-2020 highlighting its vulnerability. The study recommends concerted effort by relevant authorities in the region in mitigating against the adverse the consequences of sea level rise at a regional scale.

Identifying and Constraining Marsh-Type Transitions in Response to Increasing Erosion over the Past Century

Marsh environments, characterized by their flora and fauna, change laterally in response to shoreline erosion, water levels and inundation, and anthropogenic activities. The Grand Bay coastal system (USA) has undergone multiple large-scale geomorphic and hydrologic changes resulting in altered sediment supply, depositional patterns, and degraded barrier islands, leaving wetland salt marshes vulnerable to increased wave activity. Two shore-perpendicular transect sites, one along a low-activity shoreline and the other in a high activity area of the same bay-marsh complex, were sampled to investigate how the marshes within 50 m of the modern shoreline have responded to different levels of increased wave activity over the past century. Surface sediments graded finer and more organic with increased distance from the shoreline while cores generally exhibited a coarsening upwards grain-size trend; all cores contained multiple large sedimentological shifts. 210Pb-based mass accumulation rates over the last two decades were greater than the long-term (centurial) average at each site with the fastest accumulation rates of 7.81 ± 1.58 and 7.79 ± 1.63 kg/m2/year at the sites nearest the shoreline. A shoreline change analysis of three time-slices (1848–2017, 1957–2017, 2016–2017) shows increased erosion at both sites since 1848 with modern rates of −0.95 and −0.88 m/year. Downcore sedimentology, mass accumulation rates, and shoreline change rates paired with foraminiferal biofacies and identification of local estuarine indicator species, Paratrochammina simplissima, aided in identifying paleo marsh types, their relative proximity to the shoreline, and sediment provenance. The high-energy marsh site transitioned from middle marsh to low marsh in the 1960s, and the low-energy marsh site transitioned later, at the end of the twentieth and early twenty-first century, due to its more protected location. Marsh type transition corresponds chronologically with the coarsening upwards grain-size trend observed and the degradation of Grand Batture Island; since its submergence, signatures of multiple storm event have been preserved downcore.

Investigation of the effects of small fishing ports on the shoreline: a case study of Samsun, Turkey

Shoreline change analysis is crucial for identifying coastal issues and understanding their underlying causes. This study focuses on investigating the coastal impacts of the Derekoy Fishing Port in Samsun, a city located on the Black Sea coast of Turkey. Temporal changes between 1984 and 2021 were analyzed using Landsat-5 TM/Landsat-8 OLI satellite images in conjunction with image processing and geographic information systems (GIS). Net shoreline movement (NSM), shoreline change envelope (SCE), end point rate (EPR), and linear regression rate (LRR) methods were used to investigate the changes in the shoreline. Polygon overlay analysis was utilized to determine the areas of erosion and accretion. The results indicate that prior to the port's construction, the coast remained relatively stable during the period of 1984–1995. However, sediment accretion occurred on the updrift side of the port, while erosion intensified on the downdrift side during the port's construction from 1995 to 2004. Despite the implementation of coastal protection structures to combat erosion, complete prevention was not achieved, and erosion shifted further eastward. Throughout 1984–2021, approximately 15.62 hectares of beaches were lost due to erosion, with a maximum value of -56.2 m recorded. The coastal erosion and the construction of coastal protection structures have disturbed coastal morphology and resulted in various environmental and socio-economic issues along the 19 Mayis and Atakum beaches. This study reveals the significant consequences of a small fishing port built without proper planning and adequate precautions, drawing attention to the problems.

Analysis of Shoreline Change Due to the Installation of Hybrid Coastal Structure with Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)

Analysis of Shoreline Change Due to the Installation of Hybrid Coastal Structure with Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)

Analysis of coastline changes using Sentinel 2A imagery in the coastal area of West Pandeglang, Banten

Coastline changes on the west coast of the Pandeglang Regency are caused by hydrooceanographic parameters and human activities. These changes can be observed through remote sensing. This study aimed to identify and map these changes. The shoreline of the Sentinel 2A satellite image was extracted using the Tasseled Cap method. The shoreline was then calculated using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) method, and field data were collected using Ground Control Points (GCP). The analysis of shoreline changes indicated the dominance of abrasion over accretion. The most significant abrasion occurred in Sidamukti Village at a rate of 26.65 metres per year, while the largest accretion occurred in Sukajadi Village at a rate of 24.92 metres per year. A comparison of the categories of coastline changes can indicate areas that are susceptible to large waves. This information can be used to provide both experience and knowledge to the people of the Pandeglang Regency. The study of coastline changes is an important reference for the development of coastal areas, harbors, tourism, and cultivation.

A Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Shoreline Changes in the Ilaje Coastal Area of Ondo State, Nigeria

Erosion presents a significant challenge to coastlines worldwide, and the Ilaje area in Nigeria’s Niger Delta is no different. Aggressive flooding along this shoreline has led to property damage, economic disruption, and a looming threat to the survival of riverine communities in the region. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of spatial and temporal changes in the Ilaje coastal area of Ondo state from 1986 to 2020. The analysis utilized the SCE, EPR, and LRR methods to examine shoreline changes. Additionally, spatial digitization was performed for Ayetoro, a highly susceptible coastal community, spanning from 2008 to 2023. The results indicate that approximately 86% of the coastline experienced erosion, while the remaining 14% underwent accretion. Notably, the western and central sections of the coastline emerged as the areas most vulnerable to erosion. Ayetoro, situated centrally, faces dire circumstances. The interplay of natural geomorphic processes and human activities played a role in driving these changes. Beyond the immediate physical alterations, erosion has reverberated through the local ecosystems, livelihoods, and infrastructure, posing risks to numerous communities. This study emphasizes the need for urgent actions through integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) strategies to promote coastal stability in the region. The results of the study further provide valuable insights into the need for coastal managers and planners to regularly assess the state of the coastline and proactively proffer suitable solutions to reduce rampant coastal degradation.

Analysis of shoreline changes in the severe storm surge region of upper Coromandel coast, India, using Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic information system (GIS)

Coastlines have been subject to ongoing vulnerability from natural disasters, resulting in erosion and accretion occurring at varying intervals. The impacts of human activities and alterations in natural processes, including those induced by climate change, exacerbate the existing challenges faced along coastal regions. The present study aimed to analyze the changing shoreline along the Bapatla coastal tract in the upper coromandel coast of Andhra Pradesh due to erosion and accretion using the DSAS toolbar in ArcGIS software. Multiple statistical methods are available in DSAS; the present study confined attention to the end point rate (EPR), linear regression rate (LRR), and net shoreline movement (NSM) for this investigation. The Nizampatnam Mandal had the greatest erosion rate (-16.8 m/yr) and accretion rate (10.5 m/yr), according to EPR, as well as the highest erosion rate (-16.7 m/yr) and accretion rate (10.4 m/yr) according to LRR. As per NSM, between 1990 and 2020, the highest erosion and accretion was seen again in Nizampatnam. The shoreline at Nizampatnam either retreated by as much as -285.2 meters or advanced by 211.1 meters. The research indicated that the Bapatla district's shoreline is susceptible to erosion and accretion. The present investigation revealed that the coastal region of Bapatla district exhibits susceptibility to both erosion and accretion phenomena. The findings of the present study hold significant implications for professionals in the fields of coastal science, engineering, and administration. The findings are of utmost importance in the development of sustainable approaches for coastal management.