Technological Shifts Research Articles

Neurology nursing numbers: where are our nurses?

The publication of our NHS Long Term Workforce Plan ( NHS England, 2023 ) is perhaps one of the most seminal moments in the 75-year history of the NHS. This is the first time the government has asked the NHS to come up with a comprehensive workforce plan; a once-in-a-generation opportunity to put staffing on a sustainable footing and improve patient care. The future outlook for the nursing workforce holds both promise and challenges as the healthcare landscape continues to evolve. With ongoing shifts in demographics, technology, and healthcare delivery models, nurses play a crucial role in providing quality patient care. But does the NHS know how many nurses are currently working in neurology? Are there enough to manage the care that is required? Sue Thomas highlights the current challenges facing the neurology and nursing workforce, trends in nursing employment, the impact of technology and highlights the lack of information about our current neurology nursing numbers and suggests that strategies are needed to address neurology nursing shortages.

State-of-Art Review of Renewable Energy-Based Systems for Electrical Machine Applications: Prospects and Challenges

Abstract Renewable energy sources (RES) are a game-changer since they produce no greenhouse gases (GHG). There is an increasing amount of interest in it across the world. The intermittent nature of RES makes it difficult to incorporate them into the existing power grid infrastructure and for use in electrical machines for industrial and domestic applications. As the number of RES grows along with different machine variants, innovative methods of interconnecting them are being explored. This study gives a thorough analysis of net zero RES (wind, solar and hydro) for electric machine applications considering their efficiency, feasibility, and reliability coupled with the trend of connection topologies. The Paradigm shift in material technology for RES application is also examined from the 1950s till the present paving the way for innovative design of novel electrical machines with optimal output performances and cost minimization. Modelling and optimization approaches were captured with the benefits and drawbacks highlighted. For electric machines to function at peak efficiency over time, energy harvesting from these sources becomes significant and must be controlled and maintained risk-free. In addition, the challenges, and prospects, associated with the operation of an Electric Machine technology in a clean environment have all been highlighted.

Strategies for Improving Productivity through Digital Upgrades: Case Study on RPA Technology

Abstract In a time of continuous transformation and driven innovation, where the modern technologies meet the business environment, the technological and cultural shift is highly required. Companies should know how to manage changes of profound impact and how to face modern challenges in order for them to evolve. The Covid pandemic forced companies to compress years of digital transformation into months and adapt very quickly. New technologies have arrived and by adopting them, businesses can improve their processes, reduce their costs, minimizing the errors and attaining increased efficiencies. These are the main drivers in the Automation Economy, where successful automation programs represent a crucial aspect for the high productivity of the modern businesses. Robotic Process Automation can reduce the costs of business processes up to 80% as robots are performing low-level, manual, repetitive tasks. Now, there is no longer necessary to hire numerous employees as one robot can replace from three to eight employees. By 2030, the global RPA market is expected to exceed 13 billion dollars. The paper offers an overview of three areas: productivity, digital transformation and disruptive technologies, through a conceptual framework. In addition, the paper discusses three technologies that are part of the productivity increase context, together with their impact: Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Process Automation. These paramount concepts are further detailed during the paper, generating an accurate, new perspective regarding the topic. The paper is descriptive, explaining the conferred terminologies and the given ideas by using references to related literature and provides a case study from the automation industry.

Cultural Agility in the Age of Disruption

Abstract The aim of this paper is to propose a holistic conceptual framework focusing on cultural agility, intercultural competence and how they activate within the complex dynamics of disruptive business environments in order to enhance companies’ ability to operate in international markets and to respond to the challenges posed by a rapidly changing landscape impacted by fast technological advancements, Artificial Intelligence, global trends or major geopolitical shifts. Our research methods included a critical screening of relevant literature, journals, books, articles, reports, statistics, internet researches, that represented the theoretical part of this study. Based on this theoretical foundation, interpreting our findings, a holistic conceptual framework is proposed. This framework illustrates a process constituted by 4 stages strongly connected with the concepts of organizational culture and strategy. It highlights the vital importance of cultural knowledge, behaviour, feedback & assessment, improvement & learning within organizations facing disruptive challenges. This paper is part of a larger project on the importance of intercultural competences in multinationals and offers future research opportunities.

A D-VUCAD Transitioning Analysis on Romanian Higher Education System in the Context of Artificial Intelligence. Challenges, Opportunities and Perspectives

Abstract The significant global transformations in recent years have led to widespread disruption across numerous facets of society. Events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and other concurrent realities have had a tremendous impact on the global order, resulting in profound effects across various crucial dimensions in a D-VUCAD context. Relevant studies highlight the fact that technology has redefined global higher education offering personalized learning but raising ethical concerns. Leadership must adapt to digital disruptions while addressing conflicts between traditional and modern approaches. In this context, the education system is rapidly changing due to technology and societal shifts, posing complex challenges for leaders. Enrollment fluctuations and workforce demands add to the volatility, requiring flexible responses. Furthermore, at EU level, European initiatives aim to improve education, but face practical hurdles in diverse contexts. Despite research common efforts, there's a need to bridge educational insights with real-world applications, navigating from uncertainty to clarity in an evolving digital era. This paper aims to provide through the case study method, an original and unique D-VUCAD analysis on Romanian higher education system in the context of artificial intelligence to understand, on one hand, the realities, and the challenges it faces and on the other hand, to adapt the educational system to the new matrix, transitioning from old dimensions to the new ones: volatility to vision, uncertainty to unity, complexity to clarity, ambiguity to alignment, disruption to digitalization. While the first part of the case study identifies and illustrates with concrete examples and numbers the challenges Romanian higher education system is facing with, the second section of the research analyze the transition from traditional environment to the reinvented one, adding concrete initiatives, programs, and projects as examples to enrich the understanding of these manifests in the realm of higher leadership education perspectives. Paper findings show that multiple initiatives and endeavors are ongoing to modernize the vocational education and training (VET) system, reforms and investments backed by the RRF are geared towards reducing the school dropout rates, enhancing the population’s digital skills and creating lifelong learning opportunities. However, ensuring high-quality, skills-oriented education and alignment with the labor market, policy coordination, efficient legislative initiatives and a comprehensive strategic framework delineating the vision and targets for education remain significant challenges.

Investigating the impact of digital transformation on manufacturers’ Business model: Insights from Swedish industry

Digital transformation (DT) triggers a fundamental technological shift in industry enabling the creation of smart and connected factories. DT is not only a technology-driven innovation approach: it also requires changes of the Business Model (BM). Despite this, there is a lack of comprehensive studies that examine how aspects of manufacturing digitalisation align with the Business Model Innovation (BMI) process. To address this gap, this paper analyses the DT journey of several Swedish medium and large firms through semi-structured interviews with staff involved in such process. The empirical findings reveal that the BM elements addressing value creation and strategy aspects are the most affected by DT. Additionally, this study identifies the links among such elements. The findings are compiled in a holistic framework that can serve as a blueprint for practitioners seeking to adopt digital technologies in their production environments. This holistic approach aims at supporting practitioners to understand the BMI process triggered by DT and consequently aligning their manufacturing strategy with the BM’s components.

The Impact of Applying the Servant Leadership Style among Educators in Educational Institutes: A Scoping Review

Leadership style is a critical concern in education amid technological shifts and paradigm changes. Despite extensive industry research, servant leadership remains underutilized in education, despite aligning with business education goals. This scoping review assesses the prevalence of servant leadership among educational leaders, offering insights into its feasibility, benefits, and challenges. Using the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and ERIC databases, the review compiles servant leadership research. Guided by Arksey and O'Malley's methodology, findings emphasize servant leadership's role in enhancing organizational effectiveness. They highlight behaviors as a prevailing theme, revealing limited background understanding. This insight aids educators in adopting effective leadership styles and exploring servant leadership's implications for educational leaders.

Integrated assessment modeling of a zero-emissions global transportation sector

Currently responsible for over one fifth of carbon emissions worldwide, the transportation sector will need to undergo a substantial technological transition to ensure compatibility with global climate goals. Few studies have modeled strategies to achieve zero emissions across all transportation modes, including aviation and shipping, alongside an integrated analysis of feedbacks on other sectors and environmental systems. Here, we use a global integrated assessment model to evaluate deep decarbonization scenarios for the transportation sector consistent with maintaining end-of-century warming below 1.5 °C, considering varied timelines for fossil fuel phase-out and implementation of advanced alternative technologies. We highlight the leading low carbon technologies for each transportation mode, finding that electrification contributes most to decarbonization across the sector. Biofuels and hydrogen are particularly important for aviation and shipping. Our most ambitious scenario eliminates transportation emissions by mid-century, contributing substantially to achieving climate targets but requiring rapid technological shifts with integrated impacts on fuel demands and availability and upstream energy transitions.

A predictive modeling framework for forecasting cumulative sales of euro-compliant, battery-electric and autonomous vehicles

The automotive industry faces a transformative time with the advent of advanced vehicle technologies and evolving consumer preferences. This research employs predictive modeling to forecast the adoption of Euro 6d and Euro 7 compliant vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), and Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in the European Union’s 27 member states and the United Kingdom. This study provides insightful projections and comparative analyses of these technologies’ future trajectories using the modified Gaussian and Logistic models. The modified Gaussian model projected relatively sharp growth curves for all vehicle types, signaling rapid initial adoption followed by saturation. Conversely, the Logistic model depicted more gradual and continuous growth patterns, suggesting sustained market interest over time. Comparative analyses highlight the unique strengths and limitations of each model. The modified Gaussian model proves effective for identifying early market responses and pivotal intervention points, while the Logistic model aids in strategic long-term planning and trend anticipation. However, disparities between the models show the complexity of forecasting automotive market dynamics, emphasizing the need for multifaceted frameworks and approaches. Thus, enhancing predictive accuracy by refining models and integrating additional variables will be pivotal in navigating the dynamic landscape of emerging automotive technologies. This research stands out for its approach to applying analytical methods to predict future market dynamics, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and industry stakeholders in strategizing for the forthcoming technological shift.

Концепция промышленных революций: вклад Н. Винера и А.И. Анчишкина

The article examines the concepts of two industrial revolutions by the founder of cybernetics, N. Wiener, and three industrial revolutions by the founder of the Russian school of macroeconomic forecasting, academician A.I. Anchishkin, in the context of the evolution of economic concepts of the second Industrial Revolution and the scientific and technical revolution (STR). The shift in the meaning of the concept of the second industrial revolution is revealed – from the reformist synonym of the STR to a retrospective characterization of global shifts in technology and the world economy during the second half of the XIX century and early XX century. Special attention is paid to the infrastructural aspects of the second industrial revolution. The contribution of the Russian political economist A.I. Chuprov and the founder of graphic neoclassicism A. Marshall to their understanding is emphasized.

Navigating technological shifts: worker perspectives on AI and emerging technologies impacting well-being

AbstractThis paper asks whether workers’ experience of working with new technologies and workers’ perceived threats of new technologies are associated with expected well-being. Using survey data for 25 OECD countries we find that both experiences of new technologies and threats of new technologies are associated with more concern about expected well-being. Controlling for the negative experiences of COVID-19 on workers and their macroeconomic outlook both mitigate these findings, but workers with negative experiences of working alongside and with new technologies still report lower expected well-being.

Social Development, Change, and Progress

The following article is a revised version of the 2021 Khinduka Lecture given at the 22nd Biennial Meeting of the International Consortium for Social Development (ICSD) held in Johannesburg, South Africa in July 2021. The lecture discusses the concepts of change and progress, which have played a prominent role in social development thinking over the years. It reviews some of the changes that have taken place during Professor Khinduka’s lifetime, noting that there have been huge shifts in geopolitics, economics, living standards, attitudes, communications, and science and technology. It then asks whether these changes have brought real progress to the world’s people and considers different views on the subject by leading thinkers. In contrast to the views of those who take a pessimistic view with those who have reached optimistic conclusions, it suggests that the situation is mixed, with progress being recorded in some fields but not in others. It concludes by asking how social development advocates can bring about progressive change and progress.

Consent through the lens of semantics: State of the art survey and best practices

The acceptance of the GDPR legislation in 2018 started a new technological shift towards achieving transparency. GDPR put focus on the concept of informed consent applicable for data processing, which led to an increase of the responsibilities regarding data sharing for both end users and companies. This paper presents a literature survey of existing solutions that use semantic technology for implementing consent. The main focus is on ontologies, how they are used for consent representation and for consent management in combination with other technologies such as blockchain. We also focus on visualisation solutions aimed at improving individuals’ consent comprehension. Finally, based on the overviewed state of the art we propose best practices for consent implementation.

The Significance of SWOT Analysis in Enhancing Christian Religious Education: A Comprehensive Examination

Education stands as a dynamic force in human and societal development, continually evolving to meet shifting demands and needs. In this modern era marked by rapid transformations, the importance of keeping education abreast with the times cannot be overstated. One effective tool for rejuvenating and advancing education is the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis, encapsulating Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, transcends its traditional business applications to offer profound insights in diverse domains, including education. In the realm of Christian Religious Education (CRE), a critical aspect of the educational landscape, SWOT analysis unveils avenues for both refinement and growth. This paper explores the application of SWOT analysis in the context of CRE, acknowledging its pivotal role in shaping individual character, values, and spiritual beliefs. Tracing the historical trajectory of CRE from ancient churches to contemporary times, the analysis underscores the foundational principles upon which CRE stands. Within the framework of CRE, SWOT analysis serves as a potent tool to discern existing dynamics and chart future trajectories. By identifying internal strengths such as robust faith traditions and biblically grounded curricula, opportunities for enriching CRE education emerge. Simultaneously, weaknesses such as resource constraints and technological integration challenges highlight areas ripe for improvement. Furthermore, SWOT analysis illuminates potential opportunities for CRE advancement, including technological integration and policy shifts. However, it also unveils threats such as societal value shifts and information overload that impede effective CRE delivery. In navigating these dynamics, effective educational management emerges as paramount. Without strategic oversight and management, the pursuit of excellence in CRE remains elusive. Hence, this study delves into the pivotal role of educational management in fostering the quality and efficacy of CRE. Utilizing an analytical methodology, this research delves deep into existing literature and textual sources to unravel insights and generate new knowledge. Through systematic analysis and interpretation, this study seeks to enrich the discourse on CRE and underscore the imperative of strategic planning and management. In conclusion, SWOT analysis emerges as a cornerstone in the enhancement of CRE. By systematically evaluating internal dynamics and external trends, SWOT analysis paves the way for informed decision-making and strategic interventions. Thus, this paper advocates for the systematic integration of SWOT analysis in CRE, heralding a new era of excellence and relevance in religious education.

Assessment of a Decade of Change in U.S. Assisted Reproductive Technology Cumulative Live-Birth Rates: 2004-2009 Compared With 2014-2020.

To assess the effects of demographic shifts, changes in contemporaneous clinical practices, and technologic innovation on assisted reproductive technology (ART) success rates by conducting an analysis of cumulative live-birth rates across different time periods, age groups, and infertility diagnoses. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of autologous linked cycles comparing cumulative live-birth rates over successive cycles from patients undergoing their first retrieval between 2014 and 2019 in the SART CORS (Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System) database. All cycles reported for these individuals up to 2020 were included for analysis. We compared cumulative live-birth rates stratified by age and infertility cause with published data from the 2004-2009 SART CORS database. From 2014 to 2019, 447,042 patients underwent their first autologous index retrieval, resulting in 1,007,374 cycles and 252,215 live births over the period of 2014 to 2020. In contrast, between 2004 and 2008, 246,740 patients underwent 471,208 cycles, resulting in 140,859 births by 2009. Noteworthy shifts in demographics were observed, with an increase in people of color seeking reproductive technology (57.9% vs 51.7%, P <.001). There was also an increase in patients with diminished ovarian reserve and ovulatory disorders and a decrease in endometriosis, tubal, and male factor infertility ( P <.001). Previously associated with decreased odds of live birth, frozen embryo transfer and preimplantation genetic testing showed increased odds in 2014-2020. Preimplantation genetic testing rose from 3.4% to 36.0% and was associated with a lower cumulative live-birth rate for those younger than age 35 years ( P <.001) but a higher cumulative live-birth rate for those aged 35 years or older ( P <.001). Comparing 2014-2020 with 2004-2009 shows that the overall cumulative live-birth rate improved for patients aged 35 years or older and for all infertility diagnoses except ovulatory disorders ( P <.001). This analysis provides insights into the changing landscape of ART treatments in the United States over the past two decades. The observed shifts in demographics, clinical practices, and technology highlight the dynamic nature of an evolving field of reproductive medicine. These findings may offer insight for clinicians to consider in counseling patients and to inform future research endeavors in the field of ART.

Next-Gen Medical Technology a Smart Approach to Syringe Injection Pump Automation

This presents the design, implementation, and successful validation of a cutting-edge IoT-based Syringe Injection Pump (SIP) for precision medication administration. In response to the increasing demand for enhanced healthcare automation, this system leverages technologies to address critical challenges in medication delivery. This SIP incorporates a robust Internet of Things (IoT) framework, enabling seamless communication between the device and a central healthcare management system. The automated syringe injection process is governed by a sophisticated algorithm that considers patient-specific parameters, ensuring precise dosage administration. Through extensive testing and real-world simulations, the results demonstrate a significant reduction in human error and improved medication adherence. The system’s architecture integrates secure communication protocols, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity during transmission. An innovative user interface provides healthcare professionals with real-time monitoring and control capabilities, enhancing situational awareness and responsiveness. Furthermore, the SIP’s adaptability to diverse medical environments underscores its versatility in meeting the evolving needs of healthcare institutions. To validate the system’s effectiveness, a comprehensive performance evaluations, including dosage accuracy, response time, and reliability under varying conditions was conducted. Results indicate an impressive dosage precision of 99.8%, showcasing the system’s reliability in critical healthcare scenarios. The IoT connectivity facilitates remote monitoring and control, allowing healthcare providers to intervene promptly in case of anomalies or emergencies. In addition to its technical prowess, the SIP aligns with current healthcare trends by promoting sustainability and cost-effectiveness. The automated system optimizes resource utilization, reduces medication waste, and minimizes the environmental impact associated with traditional manual injection methods. In conclusion, this IoT-based Syringe Injection Pump represents a paradigm shift in medical technology, offering a smart and results-oriented solution for precise medication administration. The successful implementation and validation of this system pave the way for improved patient outcomes, streamlined healthcare workflows, and a more sustainable approach to medication delivery. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on advancing medical technology and underscores the potential of IoT in shaping the future of healthcare.

INTEGRATING A.I TECHNOLOGY IN ARABIC LANGUAGE LEARNING: THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF THE LIBRARY AT ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY TRIBAKTI

The Library of Islamic University Tribakti serves as a dynamic technical arm, complementing the institution's core functions in education, research, and community outreach. Functioning as a nexus of knowledge dissemination, it plays a pivotal role in providing access to resources and services essential for academic enrichment. Beyond traditional literacy support, the library embraces innovation by offering Artificial Intelligence (A.I.)-powered learning platforms. These cutting-edge tools, accessible through library-provided computer applications, represent a paradigm shift in educational technology. This research endeavors to delve into the library's multifaceted role in facilitating access to A.I.-driven learning media. By elucidating the integration of A.I. technologies within the library ecosystem, this study aims to underscore their transformative potential for enhancing student learning experiences. Furthermore, it seeks to explore the broader implications of A.I. integration in educational settings, shedding light on its impact on pedagogical approaches and learning outcomes. Through an interdisciplinary lens, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the intersection of technology and education, offering insights into the evolving landscape of contemporary learning environments

Paediatric sleep diagnostics in the 21st century: the era of "sleep-omics"?

Paediatric sleep diagnostics is performed using complex multichannel tests in specialised centres, limiting access and availability and resulting in delayed diagnosis and management. Such investigations are often challenging due to patient size (prematurity), tolerability, and compliance with "gold standard" equipment. Children with sensory/behavioural issues, at increased risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), often find standard diagnostic equipment difficult.SDB can have implications for a child both in terms of physical health and neurocognitive development. Potential sequelae of untreated SDB includes failure to thrive, cardiopulmonary disease, impaired learning and behavioural issues. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of SDB is important to facilitate early intervention and improve outcomes.The current gold-standard diagnostic test for SDB is polysomnography (PSG), which is expensive, requiring the interpretation of a highly specialised physiologist. PSG is not feasible in low-income countries or outwith specialist sleep centres. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, efforts were made to improve remote monitoring and diagnostics in paediatric sleep medicine, resulting in a paradigm shift in SDB technology with a focus on automated diagnosis harnessing artificial intelligence (AI). AI enables interrogation of large datasets, setting the scene for an era of "sleep-omics", characterising the endotypic and phenotypic bedrock of SDB by drawing on genetic, lifestyle and demographic information. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recently announced a programme for the development of automated home-testing devices for SDB. Scorer-independent scalable diagnostic approaches for paediatric SDB have potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, accessibility and patient tolerability; reduce health inequalities; and yield downstream economic and environmental benefits.

Lifelong Learning Opportunities for Landscape Architecture Bachelor's Programs: Assessments on Landscape Design Component

Lifelong Learning Opportunities for Landscape Architecture Bachelor's Programs: Assessments on Landscape Design Component

Technology shift impacts on the recruitment management triangle

Purpose This paper investigates the constraints an organisation faces when using recruitment agencies and having to trade-off between the speed of hiring a candidate, the cost of a candidate and the match of the candidate against the job requirements across different job seniorities. We analyse how technology can shift the cost and hiring speed in spite of these constraints.Design/methodology/approach The research design is exploratory, quantitative and cross-sectional. The study employed a two-factor, unbalanced class Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) including interaction effects to test the difference between the means of the class of interest and a control class.Findings Our empirical findings confirm that (1) the technological innovation of a recruitment agency marketplace can liberate organisations from their time, cost and quality hiring constraints, accelerating the time to hire by four times and reducing costs by over 12%, and (2) these results hold across varying role seniority levels.Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature in three ways: (1) it introduces the recruitment triangle from project management into the recruitment literature; (2) it demonstrates how technological innovations such as recruitment agency marketplaces are able to provide a shift in the constraints posed by the recruitment triangle.