Shift In Focus Research Articles

Med blick, hand och penna

Abstract The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between aesthetics and pedagogy by focusing on the aesthetic design of reading books. The idea that multiple senses and activities interact when children learn to read is not new in educational studies. Research shows that children’s aesthetic experiences can contribute to increased learning outcome. In this article, we discuss the application of such considerations by examining two reading books in the Swedish series Vill du läsa? (1935–1936) and Nu ska vi läsa (1948–1949), thus taking a historical perspective on the topic. The books were illustrated by two of Sweden’s most famous artists, Elsa Beskow and Ingrid Vang Nyman. We examine how the books appeal to the reader’s creativity and playfulness. Our theoretical starting point is Walter Benjamin’s reflections on the reading and writing child where the gaze is also important. Benjamin’s thoughts were important for Swedish reform pedagogy, which in turn influenced the work of Elsa Beskow and Ingrid Vang Nyman. With the reform pedagogy’s celebration of the creative child, the focus shifts from the book as a product to the actual learning process for which the aesthetic is a prerequisite.

How is autism portrayed in news media? A corpus-based, mixed-methods analysis in China

IntroductionNews media play an important role in shaping public perceptions of and attitudes toward people with autism. This study examines news reports about autism in China Daily over the past 20 years, from 2003 to 2022.MethodsThis study employed both quantitative and qualitative analyses.ResultsThe findings reveal that news coverage on autism predominantly centers on children, with a significant shift in focus from support by family members and schools to support at the broader societal and governmental levels. Further, the overall representation of autism remains predominantly negative and rooted in prejudice. In terms of gender representation, autism is often depicted more frequently as male-oriented. However, a more diverse representation of age groups has emerged. Finally, while news media subtly convey negative attitudes toward autism, they also demonstrate a concurrent concern for the condition, reflecting a complex and nuanced attitude toward people with autism.DiscussionOur study indicates that corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis allows researchers to compare news over time, thus offering insights into changing discourses. The analysis can also reduce bias and uncover the implicit attitudes of news media toward autism by analyzing patterns of words and discourses.

Topic Modeling as a Tool to Identify Research Diversity: A Study across Dental Disciplines

This study investigates the diversity and evolution of research topics within the dental sciences from 1994 to 2023, using Topic modeling and Shannon’s entropy as a measure of research diversity. We analyzed a dataset of 412,036 scientific articles across six dental disciplines: Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, Periodontics, Implant Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and Restorative Dentistry. This research relies on BERTopic to identify distinct topics within each field. The study revealed significant shifts in research focus over time, with some disciplines exhibiting robust growth in article numbers, such as Periodontics and Prosthodontics. However, despite the overall increase in publications, the number of topics per discipline varied, with Restorative Dentistry increasing at a faster rate and exceeding 50 topics over the last 15 years. We observed an increasing diversification of research efforts in disciplines such as Restorative Dentistry, with entropy levels consistently above 2 and progressively increasing. In contrast, fields such as Prosthodontics, despite high publication output, maintained a more specialized research focus, reflected in entropy levels remaining below 1.5. Oral Surgery showed a steep increase in research diversification until 2000, after which it stabilized. Taken together, our findings describe the dynamic nature of dental research and highlight the balance shifts in research focus across several key areas of Dentistry.

The disappearance of ‘poverty’ in Dutch House of Representatives debates on the sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism (SECTT)

Policymaking is storytelling; through stories, the policymaker learns of the problem, and based on these stories, the policymaker formulates a solution. In our earlier study of discussions about sexual exploitation of children in the context of travel and tourism (SECTT) in the Dutch House of Representatives, we suggest that the central story in these discussions revolves around ‘crime’ and law enforcement. Despite evidence on the links between poverty and SECTT, few policy suggestions target this risk factor. In our current study, we piece together the story told about the role of poverty in SECTT in Dutch House of Representatives debates, letters and documents from 1995 to 2020 using Faircloughian CDA enhanced with an analysis of transitivity. Our findings indicate that initially, poverty was indeed discussed as a key cause of SECTT. SECTT was understood as a fundamentally commercial practice through which children and their families aim to escape that poverty. Over time, however, the agency attributed to these families diminishes and focus shifts to (the actions of) abusers and exploiters. This development appears to be connected to shifting political orientations of consecutive Dutch government coalitions.

IT-services: Green Means Competitive?

Introduction. The current stage of economic development is characterised by significant digitalisation and a noticeable shift of corporate strategies in favour of sustainable development. The first of these trends makes IT companies interesting for analysis, since in the era of digitalisation their impact on the global economy is significant and undeniable. The second trend is largely related to the exhaustion of tangible competitive factors and the shift of focus towards intangible competitive factors, in particular, towards catering to the specific needs of consumers, i.e. in the consideration of social and environmental factors throughout value chains. In line with modern trends, meeting these needs is achieved by implementing ESG-principles, including by IT companies, which is where the two major modern trends - digitalisation and corporate sustainability intertwine. In this context, the aim of the research is to analyse the relationship between IT companies’ financial performance and their ESG position.Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of correlation between the data of companies' financial statements and their valuations within the framework of S&P ESG-rating. Results of the research. According to the results of the analysis on the basis of the presented data sample, no significant correlation between revenue and profit indicators (on the one hand) and ESG[1]assessments of S&P rating (on the other hand) was revealed.Discussion and conclusion. The results obtained for companies in the IT-services industry generally correspond to the results of similar calculations by the authors for a number of other industries. Of course, they reflect the situation in a particular industry, with specific indicators (profit, revenue), taking into account such limitations of the study as the methodology of the selected ESG-rating and the volume of data sampling. Nevertheless, within the framework of the study we can say that there is no significant correlation between the financial performance of IT services companies and the implementation of ESG principles by these ccompanies.

Dispensasi Kawin dengan Alasan Sangat Mendesak di Mojokerto: Analisis Yuridis atas Perma No. 5 Tahun 2019

Ideally, the dispensation of marriage for urgent reasons is expected to provide a solution for couples caught in difficult situations, especially in the context of legal norms that protect individual rights. However, the implementation of marriage dispensation often faces challenges, particularly regarding the criteria and limitations set forth in Supreme Court Regulation No. 5 of 2019, leading to injustice for prospective brides and grooms. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of marriage dispensation at the Mojokerto Religious Court and assess the extent to which this regulation meets public expectations. This article is categorized as qualitative literature research, employing normative legal studies and comparative studies between classical scholars' thoughts and modern regulations. This research concludes two things: First, from a legal perspective, although challenges remain in its implementation in the field, Supreme Court Regulation No. 5 of 2019 provides clear guidelines for the dispensation of marriage. Second, the comparison between classical thought and modern regulations indicates a shift in focus from socio-cultural aspects to a more comprehensive protection of individual rights, reflecting the need for legal adaptation in response to evolving social dynamics.

Narratives from Staff at an LGBTQIA+ Shelter: Applying Ecological Systems Theory to a Homelessness Intervention in Cape Town, South Africa

Internationally, LGBTQIA+ people are at increased risk of homelessness and housing instability. Literature on this topic emerging from the Global South has been less prominent. This article explores LGBTQIA+ homelessness in Cape Town, South Africa. Cape Town is a unique local context, given the post-apartheid political landscape and prevalent negative attitudes towards LGBTQIA+ people in South Africa. Grounded in the ecological systems theory, this article explores staff perspectives about emergency shelter interventions with the population of LGBTQIA+ people experiencing homelessness. An international team of scholars coordinated this research effort to interview staff at an LGBTQIA+ focused shelter in Cape Town. Interview data were analysed using narrative analysis strategies. Results show that the shelter seeks to provide a safe and structured environment for LGBTQIA+ people who may have experienced family rejection, educational or economic challenges and mental health concerns. Researchers recommend that there be a shift in focus to macro socio-economic forces when considering LGBTQIA+ homelessness. Researchers also discuss the need for more robust social work training for staff of shelters who serve this vulnerable and resilient population.

Toward Explainable Affective Computing: A Review.

Affective computing has an unprecedented potential to change the way humans interact with technology. While the last decades have witnessed vast progress in the field, multimodal affective computing systems are generally black box by design. As affective systems start to be deployed in real-world scenarios, such as education or healthcare, a shift of focus toward improved transparency and interpretability is needed. In this context, how do we explain the output of affective computing models? and how to do so without limiting predictive performance? In this article, we review affective computing work from an explainable AI (XAI) perspective, collecting and synthesizing relevant papers into three major XAI approaches: premodel (applied before training), in-model (applied during training), and postmodel (applied after training). We present and discuss the most fundamental challenges in the field, namely, how to relate explanations back to multimodal and time-dependent data, how to integrate context and inductive biases into explanations using mechanisms such as attention, generative modeling, or graph-based methods, and how to capture intramodal and cross-modal interactions in post hoc explanations. While explainable affective computing is still nascent, existing methods are promising, contributing not only toward improved transparency but, in many cases, surpassing state-of-the-art results. Based on these findings, we explore directions for future research and discuss the importance of data-driven XAI and explanation goals, and explainee needs definition, as well as causability or the extent to which a given method leads to human understanding.

Implementation and evaluation of the impact of virtual workshops of voluntary educational assistance among occupational health and safety students: Case study, Ardabil, Iran

BACKGROUND: The advancements and growth in information and communication technology have created new paths in the process of teaching and learning, leading to a shift in focus towards the use of electronic resources and digital teaching platforms. This study aimed to examine the impact of virtual workshops as a tool for improving learning among industrial health and safety students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytical study and was conducted on 104 students of occupational health and safety at the University of Medical Sciences in Ardebil during the course of a year. In this study, five specialized courses were chosen, including the following: “OSCO”, “ESCC”, and “Erg”. “SSM” and “EMS”. In this study, the participants were divided into two groups: participating and non-participating students. The results of their grades in the workshop were compared. The study consisted of two parts, the preparation stage and the evaluation stage, which included the preparation of the workshop, data collection and analysis, and the final stage of evaluation. Then, a list of workshops related to the courses was prepared, and the obtained results were analyzed by SPSS software (Ver. 22). RESULTS: The results showed that the correlation between the student’s scores in the cognitive, emotional and psychomotor areas before and after attending the virtual workshops was significant. Variance analysis test showed a significant difference between the scores of the cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor areas, both before and after (P > 0.001) participation in workshops. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that additional workshops, in parallel with classroom training, are an effective tool in raising student academic performance, as the students who participated gained better grades than those who did not participate in the courses. Therefore, it is possible to enhance student academic levels by increasing the number of workshops in addition to course unit.

Exploring pregnancy and postpartum experiences among geographically diverse elite athletes: A qualitative study

ObjectivesFemale athletes who experience childbirth during their athletic careers can expect to return to elite sports postpartum and perform at a comparable or improved level. However, mothering athletes often encounter significant barriers when re-entering elite sports. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of a geographically diverse group of mothering athletes who returned to elite sports after childbirth. DesignQualitative phenomenological research design using semi-structured interviews. MethodsIn-depth one-on-one interviews were conducted with nineteen mothering elite running athletes hailing from fourteen different countries. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. ResultsFindings were generated into five main themes: (1) Deciding to become a mother, (2) revealing pregnancy to stakeholders, (3) experience of pregnancy, (4) combining motherhood and elite running, and (5) improvement strategies to support athlete mothers. The findings revealed that participants experienced stress regarding their pregnancy announcements due to concerns about potential repercussions on their careers. These concerns included the impact on sponsorship deals, relationships with governing bodies, and interactions with their coaches. Participants felt their elite coaches and health practitioners had insufficient education to support them throughout their pregnancies and postpartum return to elite running. Finally, athletes express a sense of diminished pressure and increased motivation in races upon resuming their elite careers, attributing their improved athletic performance postpartum to their shift in focus from themselves to their child. ConclusionsThis study illuminates challenges and offers valuable insights to coaches, sponsors, health practitioners, exercise professionals, researchers, race organizers, and governing athletic bodies in better supporting mothering athletes.

Tumor-associated macrophages: A sentinel of innate immune system in tumor microenvironment gone haywire.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical determinant in the initiation, progression, and treatment outcomes of various cancers. Comprising of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), immune cells, blood vessels, and signaling molecules, the TME is often likened to the soil supporting the seed (tumor). Among its constituents, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role, exhibiting a dual nature as both promoters and inhibitors of tumor growth. This review explores the intricate relationship between TAMs and the TME, emphasizing their diverse functions, from phagocytosis and tissue repair to modulating immune responses. The plasticity of TAMs is highlighted, showcasing their ability to adopt either protumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic phenotypes based on environmental cues. In the context of cancer, TAMs' pro-tumorigenic activities include promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting immune responses, and fostering metastasis. The manuscript delves into therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs, emphasizing the challenges faced in depleting or inhibiting TAMs due to their multifaceted roles. The focus shifts towards reprogramming TAMs to an anti-tumorigenic M1-like phenotype, exploring interventions such as interferons, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and small molecule modulators. Noteworthy advancements include the use of CSF1R inhibitors, CD40 agonists, and CD47 blockade, demonstrating promising results in preclinical and clinical settings. A significant section is dedicated to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) technology in macrophages (CAR-M cells). While CAR-T cells have shown success in hematological malignancies, their efficacy in solid tumors has been limited. CAR-M cells, engineered to infiltrate solid tumors, are presented as a potential breakthrough, with a focus on their development, challenges, and promising outcomes. The manuscript concludes with the exploration of third-generation CAR-M technology, offering insight into in-vivo reprogramming and nonviral vector approaches. In conclusion, understanding the complex and dynamic role of TAMs in cancer is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. While early-stage TAM-targeted therapies show promise, further extensive research and larger clinical trials are warranted to optimize their targeting and improve overall cancer treatment outcomes.

Navigating the changing landscape of transplant research: Trends, topics, and gender disparities

BackgroundTransplantation is a rapidly evolving field, reflecting advances in medical science and changing healthcare needs. This study aims to elucidate shifts in research focus over a decade, providing insights into emerging trends in transplant research. MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive analysis of 9,250 articles published in five high-impact transplant journals from 2012 to 2021. Article titles were processed to extract keywords using R Studio (v. 4.3.0). STATA 18 was used for t-tests and logistic regressions, with significance set at p ​< ​0.05. ResultsEmerging topics over the decade included outcomes and survival, surgical innovations, and lung transplantation. There was a downward trend in research on immunosuppression, genetics, and immunology. Over the decade, the odds of women's first authorship were higher for subjects such as public health, pediatric transplantation, infectious diseases, renal transplantation, and psychological aspects. Similarly, there were lower odds for women as first authors on surgical innovations, organ preservation, living donor transplantation, liver and lung transplantation, and multiorgan transplantation. Senior women authors had higher odds of publishing on the same topics as first author, plus immunology, kidney and heart transplantation. There were lower odds that a woman would be last author of regenerative medicine and xenotransplantation. Over the decade, there were higher odds of funding for research published on xenotransplantation, regenerative medicine, and immunology. Living donor, infectious diseases, and liver transplantation had lower odds of being funded over time. ConclusionThis cross-sectional study highlights the dynamic nature of transplant research, underscoring the importance of continuous observation of trends to anticipate future directions and needs in the field. The emergence of new focal areas, especially those related to technological advancements and social issues, reflects a broader trend in medical research responding to evolving challenges and opportunities. Notably, women's authorship was more prevalent in public health but less in surgical innovation. These insights can guide future research priorities, funding allocation, and clinical practices in transplantation.

Techniques to mitigate membrane displacement for vacuum-membrane solar-dish facets

The prospects of a multifaceted vacuum-membrane solar dish concentrator are considered in this work. The membrane depths of these facets can shift slightly due to varying ambient conditions throughout an operational day, leading to major focal point shifts and a reduced overall efficiency. The purpose of this work was to experimentally investigate different methods of membrane displacement mitigation. A controlled-environment (indoor) enclosure was employed to examine the effects of static ambient conditions, allowing for the independent manipulation of the surrounding pressure and temperature. Various manufacturing techniques were also investigated within the controlled-environment enclosure, which included alterations in pretension, changes in membrane thickness and adjustments to overall facet sizes. Furthermore, outdoor tests were conducted to determine how solar radiation and convection affected membrane displacement as well as to investigate the performance of various membrane depth control strategies using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The indoor results showed that opting for a small facet would minimize membrane displacement. The results were supported by material tests and a finite element analysis. The outdoor test results indicated that solar radiation and wind affected the internal temperature and consequently also affected the membrane depth. Furthermore, a focus control system maintaining a constant differential pressure across the membrane achieved the required accuracy of ±2 mm membrane displacement limitation. However, another focus control system consisting of a Hall effect module actively monitoring membrane depth emerged as the most effective, with an increase of about 0.09 mm and a decrease of approximately 0.02 mm from an initial depth of 10 mm. This level of stability with a focus control system will ensure that the facet maintains a consistent optical performance, ultimately advancing the reliability and efficiency of low-cost vacuum-membrane technology.

Implicit motivations of entrepreneurial philanthropists: a historical organization studies analysis of Andrew Carnegie

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the implicit motivations of entrepreneurial philanthropists during different stages of their lives. Design/methodology/approach The authors follow a Historical Organization Studies approach by performing a psychobiographical analysis using McClelland’s Thematic Apperception Test on the autobiography of Andrew Carnegie across different stages of his life while considering the historical context. Findings The configuration of the implicit motivations of entrepreneurial philanthropists change with achievement motivation decreasing and power motivation increasing over time explaining the shift of focus from self to others. Originality/value While researchers have been theorizing and using interviews to uncover shifts in entrepreneurial motivations, this is the first paper to longitudinally uncover implicit motivations to explain why successful entrepreneurs give back later in life.

Traveling front in a diffusive predator–prey model with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response

In this paper, we consider a singular diffusive predator–prey model with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response, employing geometric singular perturbation theory and Bendixson's criteria. Our investigation revolves around transforming the reaction–diffusion equation into a multi‐scale four‐dimensional slow–fast system with two different orders of small parameters. Through once singular perturbation analysis, our focus shifts towards exploring the existence of heteroclinic orbits in a three‐dimensional system. We analyze these dynamics through the perspective of the Fisher–KPP equation in two limit cases. In the first case, only the normal to the two‐dimensional slow manifold is unstable. This allows for the deduction of existence of heteroclinic orbits in the three‐dimensional system through investigating the dynamics on the two‐dimensional slow manifold. Consequently, we obtain both monotonic traveling fronts and non‐monotonic fronts with oscillatory tails. In the second case, the normal to the one‐dimensional slow manifold exhibits both stable and unstable directions, then it is impossible to restrict the dynamics of the three‐dimensional system entirely to the slow manifold. Instead, we integrate the slow orbits of the reduced system with the fast orbits of the layer system to construct a singular heteroclinic orbit. According to Fenichel's theorem, we discover the existence of exact heteroclinic orbits of three‐dimensional system and derive the monotonic traveling fronts under weaker parameter conditions. Additionally, we also discuss the nonexistence of traveling fronts. Finally, we demonstrate our theoretical results with numerical simulations.

PLATFORMS OF EXPANSIONISM: A COMPARISON OF RUSSIA'S NARRATIVES FOR UKRAINE AND SERBIA'S NARRATIVES FOR KOSOVO

Following the invasion of Crimea by Russia, there has been a significant shift in academic focus towards the study of Ukraine. Russia's efforts to establish a new warfront in the Western Balkans have drawn attention to the developments in the region. This paper offers a comparative analysis of the narratives put forth by Russia concerning Ukraine and Serbia's perspectives on Kosovo. Both Russia and Serbia have constructed fake narratives that present their geopolitical disputes as issues of historical and national identity and territorial integrity. In the case of Russia, the narratives regarding Ukraine underscore a shared history, the protection of ethnic Russians, while contesting Ukrainian sovereignty. Similarly, Serbia's narratives about Kosovo emphasize the cultural and historical significance of Kosovo, drawing its fake narrative for Kosovo as integral to Serbian identity and rejecting its independence as illegitimate and imposed by foreign powers. By delving into official discourse and media representations, this study aims to explore three core narratives used as expansionist platforms: historical and national identity narratives, the narrative of victimization and the narratives on the legitimacy of statehood and sovereignty and how these narratives are utilized within domestic and international spheres to gain internal and international support, legitimize policies, and perpetuate a sense of victimhood. The paper contends that although the contexts differ, the strategic deployment of historical grievances, ethnic unity, and anti-Western sentiment forms a common platform in the expansionist approaches of Russia and Serbia.

Global Trends in Educational Program Evaluation: Bibliometric Analysis for Education Quality Improvement

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to map global trends in educational program evaluation, focusing on research outputs, thematic evolution, and key scholarly networks from 2000 to 2024. Utilizing citation metrics, yearly publication graphs, and VOSviewer visualizations of keyword co-occurrences, the research identifies significant shifts in thematic focus, delineates interconnected research clusters, and highlights the influential contributions within the field. The analysis reveals a notable increase in publications related to educational evaluation during the early 2000s with a peak between 2010 and 2018, indicating heightened research interest coinciding with global educational reforms. Thematic clusters around "educational program," "quality management," and "leadership" underscore a multidisciplinary approach integrating educational theory with business management practices. This study underscores the field's adaptation to evolving educational needs and points towards emerging areas requiring further exploration, such as digital evaluation techniques and program-specific assessments.

War mediated by satellites. US drone warfare and its socio-political consequences

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the mediation phenomenon in US drone warfare and its consequences for drone operators and for global politics. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The primary issue is how the physical separation from the battlefield affects soldiers controlling unmanned vehicles and how technological dominance associated with drones impacts international law and perception of the enemy. The paper analyzes a broad range of sources, including academic literature, NGO reports, journalistic investigations, military textbooks, and personal accounts from drone operators. The theoretical framework draws from Carl Schmitt’s books, “Nomos of the Earth” and “Theory of the Partisan”. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: In the first part, the study examines the mechanics of drone warfare and analyzes the personal experiences of drone operators. In the second part, the focus shifts to the realm of geopolitics, exploring the transformations it undergoes due to the impact of remote warfare. RESEARCH RESULTS: Workers in the unmanned warfare program exhibit symptoms similar to those experienced by soldiers on the battlefield. The precise and “humanitarian” elimination of enemies can be counterproductive, potentially leading to the dehumanization of the enemy and radicalization on both sides of the conflict. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The fact of separation from the battlefield does not necessarily guarantee safety, precision, or humanitarian outcomes. On the contrary, in some instances, it can lead to soldiers’ suffering, civilian casualties, and escalation of conflict intensity.

QSAR Modeling, Molecular Docking and ADMET Study of Aryl Fluorosulfate Derivatives as Potential Anti-TB Agents

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, stands as a global infectious disease presenting substantial public health challenges due to its high incidence and mortality rates. The prolonged use of conventional anti-TB therapies has led to the emergence of severe drug resistance in Mtb, resulting in extended treatment durations, increased costs, poor patient compliance, and reduced cure rates. This phenomenon has posed a significant burden on global TB prevention and control efforts, necessitating a shift in research focus toward the exploration of novel anti-TB drugs. In this context, utilizing QSAR modeling methods, our study systematically investigated the relationship between the chemical structures of 36 aryl fluorosulfate derivatives and their inhibitory activity against Mtb. Robust and predictive Topomer CoMFA and HQSAR models were developed, featuring Topomer CoMFA model parameters: q 2 = 0.659, r 2 = 0.969, F = 102.877, N = 6, SEE = 0.138; HQSAR model parameters: q 2 = 0.705, r 2 = 0.873, SEE = 0.264, HL = 199, N = 4. Leveraging these models, structural modifications were applied to the compounds using the ZINC15 database, leading to the successful design and screening of three novel compounds with desirable inhibitory activity. Molecular docking and ADMET performance prediction results indicated that these three new compounds exhibit strong binding capabilities and promising pharmaceutical potential. This study provides valuable insights and research directions for the development of aryl fluorosulfate derivatives as potential agents for tuberculosis treatment and as novel drugs.

Studies on language teachers' beliefs and emotions: Current status and future directions

This paper provides a historical overview of research on language teachers' beliefs and emotions, examining how studies on teacher emotions have influenced research on beliefs and classroom practices. Using bibliometric analysis, we mapped trends and paradigms in the literature, focusing on significant developments in this field. Our findings reveal a notable increase in publications on language teacher beliefs, particularly since 2018, indicating growing academic interest. Highly cited studies predominantly emphasize the emotional aspects of teaching, signaling a broader shift in research focus from cognitive to emotional dimensions, commonly referred to as the “emotional turn.” The analysis also identifies influential authors and institutions, with the USA, China, and the UK leading in contributions. Research themes have evolved over time, moving from foundational beliefs and teaching practices to more complex areas like teacher psychology, with particular attention to emotional regulation, identity, and agency in language teaching. Finally, we offer insights for future research, aiming to further explore the intricate relationship between teachers' beliefs and emotions.