Sheet Instrument Research Articles

Inverter Practical Module Design for Power Electronics Course in Electrical Engineering Education Study Program

Inverter material is one of the essential materials in power electronics courses. An inverter is an electronic device that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). This concept is the foundation of electronics. Because the power electronics course is a practicum course, a practicum module is required as an intermediary teaching medium; this practical module discusses 3-phase inverter material, which uses the pulse width modulation (PWM) and sinusoidal pulse width modulation inverter (SPWM) switching methods. Through Tinkercad software, the circuit is assembled, and the output wave results from the two methods used are seen in designing the 3-phase inverter practical module using the Research and Development method. This research uses media and material validation sheet instruments to determine the feasibility of the 3-phase inverter practicum module. The research results showed that the percentage of media experts was 94%, material experts were 81%, and language experts were 84%. Hence, the 3-phase inverter practicum module is very suitable for use and can make it easier for students to understand inverters. Thus, developing a 3-phase inverter practicum module can effectively increase students' understanding of inverter material and interest in learning. It can also be an alternative for lecturers in teaching.

Improving Students Learning Outcomes through Implementing Make-a-Match Cooperative Model on Human Respiratory System Topic

The make-a-match cooperative model is a learning model in which the teacher prepares cards containing questions or problems and prepares answer cards, and then students look for their card pairs. The direct involvement of learners in the learning process will lead to the formation of knowledge and skills that will improve learning outcomes. Implementing the make-a-match learning model is more directed to the game because each learner can search for answers or pairs of question cards obtained more freely and actively. Science learning at MTs Negeri I Kubu Raya still needs to provide a pleasant learning experience. Students' interest in participating in science learning still needs to be higher. It impacts unsatisfactory learning outcomes, as seen from the many student learning outcomes below the Minimum Completion Criteria set by the school. This condition requires science learning that can encourage students to be directly involved and play an active role during learning so that the learning process can run well. The cooperative model of the match type is predicted to increase collaborative learning and student participation in a fun learning situation wrapped in a game situation. This model requires students to find question-answer pairs through interaction with friends in one class. This study aims to measure the improvement of students' learning outcomes in class VIII B MTs Negeri I Kubu Raya on the material of the human respiratory system using the make-a-match cooperative model. The research was conducted over two cycles, and each cycle consisted of two meetings with four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects totalled 32 people, all of whom were female. Data collection techniques include observation and tests using observation sheet instruments and learning outcomes test questions that have been previously validated. The improvement in learning outcomes focused on this research is the improvement of cognitive learning outcomes. The data was presented as a percentage score of observation of the learning process of the match cooperative model and classical completeness. The results showed that the achievement of implementing the learning process using the make-a-match cooperative model was 100% in both the first and second cycles. The average learning outcome of students on human respiratory system material in the first cycle was 79.68 and increased to 84.84 in the second cycle. Activities carried out by students also increased in each cycle. The increase leads to the activeness or participation of students during learning. Based on the study's results, it can be concluded that learning using the make-a-match cooperative model can improve learning outcomes and students' activeness.

Factors That Influence the Incidence of Retained Placenta in Maternity Women in Kanekes Village, Baduy Tribe, Indonesia

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that one of the causes of bleeding is retained placenta. Retained placenta accounts for 2-3% of maternal deaths in developing countries. Various factors, including maternal, uterine, and retention factors, influence placental retention. The study aimed to determine the factors affecting the incidence of retained placenta in mothers giving birth in Kanekes Village, Baduy Tribe, Indonesia. Material and Methods: This research uses an analytical survey method with a case-control design. There were 27 cases of placental retention experienced by women who gave birth vaginally. The researcher created the data collection format sheet instrument himself. The statistical test used is the chi-square test. Results: The relationship between age and the incidence of retained placenta from 54 respondents was obtained from the chi-square statistical test on the age variable with a p = 0.010 <0.05 value. The relationship between parity and the incidence of retained placenta (p = 0.04). However, non-significant results were found in the relationship between birth assistance and the incidence of retained placenta (p = 0.750). Conclusions: The results show a relationship between age and parity factors and retained placenta incidence. However, in the birth assistance variable, the results show no relationship between birth assistance factors and the incidence of placental retention.

Analysis of Difficulties of Blind Students (Low Vision) in Developing Critical Thinking Skills Through Problem Solving

This study aims to describe the difficulties of blind students (low vision) in developing critical thinking skills through problem solving. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The subject of the study was one blind student with low vision. The place of research was in the PGSD study program, FKIP, PGRI Ronggolawe University Tuban. The research instrument was an observation sheet and interview to find out the initial problems about critical thinking skills, a test sheet instrument in the form of an essay of 6 questions which will later be used as a reference in describing the difficulties of low vision students in developing critical thinking skills. The assessment indicators refer to Facione. Explanation, inference and interpretation indicators are in the good category, analysis indicators get a low category, self-regulation and evaluation indicators are in the sufficient/moderate category. Based on the results of the analysis of the difficulties faced by students in developing critical thinking skills are 1) students have difficulty in determining alternatives to the problems given, 2) students have difficulty in choosing and solving problems related to inclusive education given by lecturers, 3) students are not used to solving problems related to critical thinking, this is because the form of exam questions applied to students is still memorization and memory, 4) students are less creative in choosing or finding the right strategy according to the problems given.

Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Anak Melalui Media Boneka Tangan di TK-IT An-Nahar

Hand Puppet Media is one of the media that is proven to be able to improve speaking skills in young children. This study aims to improve children's language skills, especially in the speaking ability of children aged 5-6 years with hand puppet media in group B Rombel Pisang children at TK-IT An-Nahar, Cijulang District, Pangandaran Regency. The ability to speak includes the structure of conveying the meaning (ideas, ideas, feelings) to others fluently and making simple sentences. This study is a classroom action research conducted collaboratively with teachers and using the Kemmis and Mc Taggart models. The subjects of this study were 16 children of Group B Rombel Pisang TK-IT An-Nahar. The object of research in this study is the improvement of the ability to speak storytelling methods with hand puppet media. Data collection is carried out through observation with observation sheet instruments. Data analysis techniques are carried out descriptively, qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that hand puppet media can improve children's speaking skills after action. The final result of the ability to speak on the whole indicator on the average indicator of child achievement in Cycle I was 66% with sufficient criteria and in Cycle II the average indicator of child achievement was 83% very good criteria. Thus using hand puppet media can improve children's speaking skills.

Influence of E-Lkpd Problem Based Learning on Problem Solving Capability Students on Polluting Materials Environment

Background: LKPD used is still in printed form and is not yet varied so that students' problem solving abilities are not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PBL-based E-LKPD on students' problem-solving abilities at MAN 1 Indramayu. Method: This research is a quantitative research with the research design True Experimental Post-test only control design. Population in this study were all students of class X IPA MAN 1 Indramayu with a sample of class X IPA 3 as the control class and class X IPA 2 as the experimental class. Sampling technique in this study was taken using the Cluster Sampling technique. Data were collected by problem solving techniques and observation tests. Test instrument in this study was a description to measure students' problem-solving abilities. The observation sheet instrument contains problem solving indicators, PBL learning syntax, student activities, constraints, and descriptions.. Results: Data analysis techniques using the t-test (Independent Sample T-test). Independent Sample T-test showed sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, thus proving that there is a significant difference in the average increase in students' problem solving abilities between the experimental class and the control class. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an effect of using PBL-based E-LKPD on students' problem-solving abilities. Keywords : Media E-LKPD; Model Problem Based Learning; Problem solving

Does Physical Education Activity Affect Character Development in Primary School Students?

Physical education activities play a role in developing students’ physical abilities and have significant potential in shaping their character. This study aims to determine the effect of physical education activities on the character development of primary school students. The research method used was pre-experimentation with pretest-posttest (one group pretest-posttest design). The sample used was the 5th-grade students of Muhamadiyah Jogokaryan Primary School, with as many as 50 students [male: 38, female: 12], aged 8-12 years. Observation sheet instrument [Aiken V Validation: 0.94, Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Value: 0.813] was used to collect the data and to measure the students’ character. The analysis technique used a dependent paired t-test. The results of the difference test showed that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 < 0.005, indicating a significant difference in students’ character development after participating in physical education activities. Therefore, physical education activities significantly positively affect students’ character development. In conclusion, Physical Education plays a vital role in the character development of primary school students.

Preliminary Developing PBL-ESDG Learning Tools on Global Warming Topics: Needed to Train Earth Science Literacy and Student Creativity

This research aims to analyze the preliminary development process of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning tools integrated with Education Sustainable Development Goals (ESDG) on the topic of global warming which aims to train students' earth science literacy and creativity. 3D research design (define, design, develop) is used as a type of initial development research which is an adaptation of 4D design. This research used a validation sheet instrument with assessment indicators in the form of content assessment criteria, presentation criteria, and language criteria. The results of the assessment by 3 experts (2 experts in physics learning instrument development and 1 high school physics learning instructor expert) were analyzed using the percentage of agreement. The research results showed that the entire learning tool was declared valid for each construct, content, and presentation criteria with several improvements. At the development stage, there are improvements to input and suggestions from validators so that the learning tools used are better. Thus, this learning tool can be used for learning to train creativity and earth science literacy for high school students. The recommendation for further research is that this tool can be used as a reference in developing learning tools and implemented in learning on the topic of global warming for high school students level

The Relationship Between Giving Pilis (Rice, Turmeric, Sand Ginger, Ginger, Lime) and Postpartum Maternal Health

The use of traditional herbs is intended for postpartum health care and recovery. To see the benefits of using these ingredients, it is necessary to study the relationship between the provision of traditional ingredients and the health impacts on postpartum mothers who use them. This study aims to determine the relationship between giving pilis (rice, turmeric, sand ginger, ginger, lime) and the health of post-partum mothers. This type of quantitative research uses a correlational analytical research design using a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 43 postpartum mothers in the ten public health centers of the Bangkalan Madura district. The data collection technique uses an observation sheet instrument. Sampling used simple random sampling nonparametric statistical analysis with analysis tests using Chi-Square. The research results showed a relationship between giving pilis (rice, turmeric, sand ginger, ginger, lime) and the health of post-partum mothers, as evidenced by a p-value of 0.000 less than 0.05. In conclusion, giving pilis to postpartum mothers continues to be maintained because of its perceived health benefits, which are in line with the expectations of the Bangkalan community. Suggestion: The development of traditional medicine from a pharmacological perspective must be carried out so that people can use traditional medicine according to standards. After development by pharmacologists, a postpartum mother treatment policy based on local, family, and community wisdom can be formulated.

TATWIR WASIILATU TA’LIIMI ALMUFRODAAT ‘ALA DHOUI ANDROID BISTIKHDAAMI KODULAR LITALAAMIZI ALMADROSATI ALIBTIDAIYYATI ALMUHAMMADIYYATI JOPANG MANGANTI

The main problem in this research is the lack of use of learning media which results in students' lack of attention to Arabic language learning. This research aims to (1) find out what students' needs are for Android-based Arabic vocabulary learning media using codular (2) find out the validity of the learning media developed; and (3) knowing the practicality of the learning media being developed. This research is research and development by adapting the 4-D model, namely define, design, development, disseminate. The research instruments used were interview sheet instruments, validation sheets, and practicality sheets. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this research are android-based Arabic vocabulary learning media for Arabic language lessons at Muhammadiyah Fullday Jopang Manganti Elementary School, especially for class III. This learning media consists of five discussions, each discussion consisting of mufradat, images, sounds, and exercises to support student learning. The research results show that (1) the average results show that students need Android-based Arabic vocabulary learning media using Kodular to support Arabic language learning in class III with a percentage of 100%. (2) the results of research validation analysis by three validators obtained an average learning media validation of 3.92 with a very valid category. (3) the results of trials conducted on 17 students and 1 Arabic language teacher also obtained results with an average score of 3.92 in the very practical category

Effect of Nebulization with Semi Fowler Position on Breath Frequency in Bronchial Asthma Patients in Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital

Bronchial asthma is a condition of chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract which triggers bronchial hyperactivity resulting in a feeling of heaviness in the chest and shortness of breath. Asthma patients panic easily by breathing as hard as possible when shallow and short inspirations occur. If asthma occurs for a long duration, apnea will occur and in the worst case it can result in death for the sufferer. Procedures via nebulization using the semi-Fowler position in patients with bronchial asthma can affect respiratory frequency. Nebulizer administration is a type of medication directly on targets such as the lungs so that this action can be carried out more quickly and effectively. The method in this research uses a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test type by selecting bronchial asthma patients as respondents/sample of 15 participants who were determined using the total sampling method. Research data was collected using an observation sheet instrument containing data regarding respiratory frequency. After the intervention was given, the respondents showed that there was a decrease in respiratory frequency until it was at the normal threshold. Data analysis using a paired T-Test shows that the p-value is 0.000, which means that nebulization in the semi-Fowler position can affect the respiratory frequency of bronchial asthma patients at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. It seems that administering nebulization in a semi-Fowler's position could be an appropriate choice in treating bronchial asthma patients in order to achieve better respiratory health.

Post Stroke Care Education on Knowledge and Skills in Carrying out ROM Using Audio Visual Media

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability. One in four people is at risk of stroke, there are more than 12.2 million new strokes every year. stroke in Indonesia was 10.9%, and in North Sulawesi province it was 14.2%, and the intervention used in this study was Range of motion (ROM). This research aims to determine the influence of post-stroke care education on the knowledge and range of motion skills of the Silian village community using audio-visual media. This research method is quantitative, with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design. The 30 sample respondents used the Random Sampling Technique. The treatment was carried out with Post Stroke Care Education using audio-visual media, exercises were carried out in 30 minutes for 3 days. Skill observation sheet instruments and questionnaires regarding Stroke and ROM using the Paired T-test. The research conducted had significant results where sesewanua was more effective than water with a P value of 0.002. The data results mean that the pretest knowledge is 6.90 and the post-test is 15.50, the average increase in knowledge is 7.93. The pretest skills score is 0.00 and the posttest is 23.43. Further tests using the Paired T-test showed that there was a significant effect of post-stroke care education on a range of motion knowledge (P value 0.00; α 0.05) and there was a significant effect of post-stroke care education on a range of motion skills (P value 0.00; α 0.05). The conclusion is that post-stroke care education increases respondents' knowledge and skills regarding range of motion.

Development of the P5 Module (Adipura Module) with The Entrepreneurship Theme for Elementary School Students as An Effort to Strengthen the Values of The Pancasila Student Profile

This research aims to develop the P5 Adipura Module with the theme of entrepreneurship for elementary school students as an effort to strengthen the values of the Pancasila student profile (P3). The research method used was research and development adopting Sugiyono's development model with 7 stages including potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revision. The test subjects were students in class 4 phase B elementary school. The trial was carried out in small groups. The data collection process was in the form of interviews, observations, and distributing questionnaires. Data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative descriptives. The result of this research was a product in the form of the P5 Adipura Module on the use of family medicinal plants (TOGA) on the theme of entrepreneurship. The average result of material expert validation was 3.29 with valid criteria. Likewise, the average media expert validation result was 3.20 with valid criteria, suitable for use in the project learning process by educators and students. Experiments in small groups to show the practicality of the module can be seen from the score interval obtained from the practicality sheet instrument by users (teachers and students) of 3.86 with very practical criteria. The Adipura P5 module is suitable for use, making it easier for educators and students in the learning process.

Powtoon Media for the Understanding of Deaf Mathematics

This study aims to determine the role of Powtoon animation media on the understanding of deaf students in mathematical arithmetic operations. This study uses mixed methods so that the data is generated from the observation process described in percentages. The subjects of this study were 3 deaf students of class VIII SMP-LB. The research data collection used observation sheet instruments, test questions instruments, and open questionnaires. The results showed that the animated Powtoon media played a very good role in the interests, attitudes, motivation, and involvement of students in the learning process that increased students’ understanding abilities. The research is expected to contribute in creating an innovative learning process with the help of visual media for deaf students. It is hoped that there will be more attractive visual media, so that the deaf students can achieve their learning goals in the process of learning mathematics.
 Keywords: deaf, powtoon media, understanding mathematics.

THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL MARKETING AND PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES ON BRAND IMAGE AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE PURCHASE DECISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE PRODUCTS IN SERANG CITY

Consumer purchasing decisions become an important factor in determining the existence of a company. Departing from the increase in numbers, and with various risks of accidents that will make the competition of insurance companies even higher. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence purchasing decisions for motor vehicle insurance products. The method used in this study uses the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method. The data analysis technique uses variance-based structural equation modeling (VB-SEM) through Smart PLS 3 (Partial Least Square) programs and activities. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The number of samples can be determined by approximate estimates according to Haire's opinion, so that based on the calculation of the number of samples to be taken as many as 140 people who have motorized vehicles in Serang City. The data sources in this study used primary data in the form of surveys with questionnaire instruments and secondary data sources in the form of documentation studies with observation sheet instruments. The results of the outer model test show that all indicators used are valid because they have a loading factor value > 0.70. The conclusion from the results of hypothesis testing is that 4 hypotheses are accepted and 3 hypotheses are rejected.

Pengaruh Media Gambar Berseri Terhadap Capaian Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Harapan Kita Yadika Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan

The research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of serialized image media on the achievement of cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years at TK Harapan Kita Yadika, Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency. His study used a type of experimental research with a Quasi Experiment design in the form of The Equivalent Time Sample Design. The study population consisted of all children aged 5-6 years at TK Harapan Kita Yadika Kindergarten as many as 2 classes. The sampling technique used simple random sampling technique with the consideration of taking one group randomly, namely Melati 1 class which amounted to 18 children. This research variable consists of independent variables, namely serialized images and dependent variables, namely the achievement of children's cognitive development. Data collection techniques using observation with observation sheet instrument. The data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics by means of the wilcoxon test with a real level of α = 0.05 with a critical value of 40. The results showed that there was a significant effect of serialized image media on the cognitive development outcomes of children aged 5-6 years at TK Harapan Kita Yadika South Labuhanbatu Regency. With the results of statistical calculations where the hypothesis test results show Jcount of 54.5. The hypothesis testing criteria used are the real rate α = 0.05, with dk = n-1 obtained Jtable of 40, so it can be concluded that Jcount (54.5) > Jtable (40). This means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected or means that serialized image media has a significant effect on the achievement of cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years at TK Harapan Kita Yadika Kindergarten, Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency.

The Impact of Learning Models for Explicit Instruction on Student Learning Outcomes in Vocational High School 2 Banda Aceh

The Explicit Instruction learning model is a learning model that positions the teacher as a facilitator and organizer in the learning process. This research aims to see the effect of the explicit instruction learning model in improving student learning outcomes in the Basic Passive Electronic Components subject. This research uses a quantitative type method with an experimental approach (one group pretest-posttest design) using pre-test and post-test question sheet instruments. The research subjects consisted of 25 students of class X Electronics Engineering at SMKN 2 Banda Aceh. The research results showed that the application of the explicit instruction learning model had an effect on the learning outcomes of students at SMK N 2 Banda Aceh as evidenced by the post-test results which increased by 44 points. This shows a positive change in student learning outcomes. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the explicit instruction learning model has an effect and can improve student learning outcomes at SMK N 2 Banda Aceh.

Pengembangan media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline untuk pemahaman konsep materi turunan

Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang masih tergolong rendah memerlukan suatu penanganan berupa pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa dan materi pembelajaran. Hal itu dapat dilakukan dengan menghadirkan media pembelajaran yang difasilitasi oleh guru sebagai produk saintifik hasil desain dan pengembangan program multimedia interaksi Articulate Storyline. Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) mendeskripsikan proses dan menghasilkan produk media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline yang valid dan praktis; (2) mengkaji kepraktisan implementasi pembelajaran menggunakan produk media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline (3) mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa pada materi Turunan yang mengikuti pembelajaran berbantuan media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan dengan model prosedural ADDIE: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Penelitian melibatkan 32 siswa kelas XI di Konawe Selatan menggunakan Instrumen lembar tes, angket, dan validasi. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Articulate Storyline didapatkan valid dan sangat layak berdasarkan penilaian dari ahli materi dengan skor rata-rata keseluruhan 92% dan ahli media diperoleh skor rata-rata keseluruhan 89%. Penilaian kepraktisan media pembelajaran diperoleh skor rata-rata 82% yang termasuk kategori sangat praktis. Hasil analisis kepraktisan diperoleh kategori praktis berdasarkan respon siswa dan guru melalui implementasi pembelajaran. Hasil analisis peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep turunan didapatkan rerata N-gain sebesar 0,548 yang dapat dimaknai bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep pada pembelajaran dengan media ini mengalami peningkatan dengan kategori sedang rata-rata hasil test kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa adalah 66,4 hasil pretest dengan nilai minimun 62,2; maximum 75,6 yang berada pada kategori kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa yang cukup. Rata-rata postest kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa adalah 84,9 dengan nilai minimun 73,3; maximum 93,3 yang berada pada kategori kemampuan pemahaman konsep yang tinggi. Produk media pembelajaran Articulate Storyline pada materi Turunan diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif media pembelajaran pada siswa kelas XI SMA. The ability to understand students' mathematical concepts that are still relatively low requires a handling in the form of learning in accordance with student characteristics and learning material. This can be done by presenting learning media facilitated by teachers as scientific products resulting from the design and development of multimedia programs for Articulate Storyline interaction. This study aims to: (1) describe the process and produce valid and practical Articulate Storyline learning media products; (2) examine the practicality of learning implementation using Articulate Storyline learning media products (3) examine the improvement of students' ability to understand mathematical concepts in derivative material that follows learning assisted by Articulate Storyline learning media. The research data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. This research uses development methods with ADDIE procedural models: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The study involved 32 students of grade XI Science using test sheet instruments, questionnaires, and validation. The results of research on the development of learning media based on Articulate Storyline were obtained valid and very feasible based on the assessment of material experts with an overall average score of 92% and media experts obtained an overall average score of 89%. Assessment of the practicality of learning media obtained an average score of 82% which is included in the very practical category. The results of the practicality analysis obtained practical categories based on student and teacher responses through the implementation of learning. The results of the analysis of increasing the ability to understand derivative concepts obtained an average N-gain of 0.548 which can be interpreted that the ability to understand concepts in learning with this media has increased with the medium category, the average test result of the student's concept understanding ability is 66.4 pretest results with a minimum value of 62.2; Maximum 75.6 which is in the category of sufficient student concept understanding ability. The average postest of students' concept comprehension ability is 84.9 with a minimum score of 73.3; Maximum 93.3 which is in the category of high concept understanding ability. Articulate Storyline learning media products on Derivative material are expected to be an alternative learning media for grade XI high school students

Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kerjasama dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas IV SDN Koroulon 1

This study was motivated by the low mathematics learning outcomes and cooperation skills of fourth grade students of SD Negeri Koroulon 1, so the purpose of this study was to improve mathematics learning outcomes and cooperation attitudes of students by using the Problem Based Learning model. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. the subject of this research is grade IV students. The instruments in this study used test and non-test instruments. Evaluation tests were used to collect data on student learning outcomes, while observation sheet instruments were used to collect data on student cooperation. the results of this study indicate an increase in learning outcomes as seen from the percentage of completeness from 42.1% to 84.2% at the end of cycle II. The increase also occurred in the average value of student cooperation from 51.2 to 74.89 at the end of cycle II. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model can improve students' math learning outcomes and cooperation.

Analysis of the reading ability of low vision students at the primary school teacher education, PGRI Ronggolawe University

Abstrak: Reading is one of the language skills a person has. When someone experiences problems with their sense of sight, it will definitely affect their reading ability. One of the disorders in the sense of sight is Low Vision. This research aims to describe the reading abilities of elementary school teacher education students with low vision. In learning practices at higher education institutions, low vision students have the same rights as regular students. This research method is a case study, and the research data was collected using interview and observation techniques using interview sheet instruments and observation guide sheets. The data that has been collected is analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Based on the results of interviews and observations, the type of letters that can be read are Times New Roman, Calibri, and Arial. The results of interviews and observations show that the three letters are size 12, spacing 1, 1.5, and 2, 2.5. and 3 spaces 1, 1.5, and 2 are not readable from any distance. The three letters, with sizes 14 and 16, bold, space 1, 1.5, and 2, black, white background, are not legible, but they are legible at a distance of 10 to 15 cm when using spaces 2, 2.5, and 3 and students occasionally spell and activities are carried out in outdoor. When indoors, students need more time to carry out these activities. Research subjects were also unable to read paragraphs consisting of three or more sentences. The reading activities of research subjects are also influenced by the light around them.