Shear Stress Distribution Research Articles

Effects of Porous Size and Membrane Pattern on Shear Stress Characteristic in Gut-on-a-Chip with Peristalsis Motion.

Dynamic gut-on-a-chip platform allows better recreation of the intestinal environment in vitro compared to the traditional static cell culture. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully discovered. In this study, the shear stress behavior in a gut-on-a-chip device with porous membrane subjected to peristalsis motion is numerically investigated using CFD simulation for three different pore sizes and two pattern layouts. The results reveal that, in the stationary microchannel, the average shear stress on the porous membrane is approximately 15% greater than that of the flat membrane, regardless of the pore size. However, when subjected to cyclic deformation, the porous membrane with smaller pore size experiences stronger variation of shear stress which is ±5.61%, ±10.12% and ±34.45% from its average for the pore diameters of 10 μm, 5 μm and 1 μm, respectively. The shear stress distribution is more consistent in case of the staggered pattern layout while the in-line pattern layout allows for a 32% wider range of shear stress at the identical pore size during a cyclic deformation. These changes in the shear stress caused by peristalsis motion, porous size and membrane pattern could be the key factors that promote cell differentiation in the deforming gut-on-a-chip model.

Flow Pattern and Erosion in a 90-Degrees Sharp Bend around a W−Weir

Different flow-altering methods, such as W−Weirs, have been developed to reduce erosion. For this study, we performed two experiments: (1) installing a W−Weir in various positions to determine the best angle for placement, and (2) investigating the variation of flow patterns and bed shear stress distribution in a 90-degree sharp bend by measuring the 3D components of flow velocities, with and without W−Weirs, where the greatest scour depth occurs. The results from the three installation angles indicate that less scour depth and volume of sediment removal occur when the weir is located close to the end of a bend. In addition, the value of the secondary circular power without a weir was higher than the position with a weir; however, this value significantly increased at 70 degrees due to turbulence flow near the W−Weir. This secondary flow power reduction at 45 degrees with a W−Weir increased by 65.8 percent for a Froude number value of 0.17, and by 29.8 percent for a Froude number value of 0.28, compared to values without the W−Weir, respectively.

Effect of Openings in Shear wall on Seismic Behaviour of RC Buildings

Shear walls along the exterior perimeter of buildings increase the efficiency of buildings to resist seismic forces. In some conditions, the locations of shear walls are very critical because of the demand of architectural openings like doors and windows in the exterior face of the buildings. The literature has revealed that stiffness and seismic response of the structure is affected by the size of openings and location of openings in shear walls. This paper demonstrates effect of static and dynamic actions on 15 storey RC building having shear walls with openings. 32 building models have been prepared in commercial software STAAD for various inline and staggered openings in shear walls. Seismic coefficient method and Response spectrum method are used for seismic analysis. The analysis is carried out for the seismic zones III and IV for hard and medium soil conditions. The paper compares the response of these building models having shear wall with and without openings on parameters of time period, base shear, storey displacement, storey drifts and surface stress distribution. Uniform stress distribution was observed in shear wall with staggered opening as compared to inline openings.

Modified no-touch technique for radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula increases primary patency and decreases juxta-anastomotic stenosis.

Low primary patency rate is a major problem of radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) creation. Radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) is associated with low juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. However, inflow artery stenosis is prominent with RADAR. To further reduce injury to veins and arteries during operation, a modified no-touch technique (MNTT) was used to create RC-AVF. We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively maintained database of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)s undergoing RC-AVF creation for hemodialysis using either the MNTT between January 2021 and January 2022 (MNTT group) or conventional surgical procedure ( end-to-side vein-to-artery anastomosis) between October 2016 and October 2017 (Control group). Patients who chose to undergo RC-AVF surgery underwent standardized preoperative mapping and postoperative fistula evaluations using duplex ultrasound. Additionally, 4D flow MRI data were used to visualize and quantify the hemodynamics of one RC-AVF by MNTT. Outcomes included primary patency, juxta-anastomotic stenosis, and maturation rates. Forty patients underwent RC-AVFs by MNTT, compared to 60 patients in the control group. The MNTT group had a higher primary unassisted patency rate than the control group (p = 0.038). Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (all on the cephalic vein) occurred in 4 (10%) patients who underwent MNTT. RC-AVF maturation rates after 3 months were not different between both groups (maturation rate: 90% and 81.7% in the MNTT and control groups, respectively, p = 0.253). COX regression showed that both conventional AVF surgery (p = 0.031) and smaller cephalic vein diameter (p = 0.034) were associated with higher odds of RC-AVF failure. The AVF flow within the proximal vein remained helical during cardiac cycle. The distribution of wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) differed from that of conventional surgical AVF. RC-AVF by MNTT increases primary patency rate and decreases juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. The improvement in hemodynamics may be one of the important reasons for the better patency rate of in the RC-AVF by MNTT group.

STABILITY OF POSTCRITICAL DEFORMATION DURING TORSION OF THICK-WALLED CYLINDRICAL SOLID

Ensuring the strength, reliability and safety of structures requires studying the issues of ine-lastic deformation zones occurrence and development which result from equilibrium accumula-tion of damages. Material postcritical deformation characterized by a decrease in the stress level during growing deformations is one of the damages accumulation effects. Application of postcritical deformation theory basic provisions to carry out structures refined strength analysis with additional deformation and strength reserves identification is expedient. Calculation of sof-tening processes stability related to loading systems rigidity is necessary. Consideration of analytical solutions where occurrence and development of softening zones are taken into account is expedient to illustrate main theoretical positions of postcritical defor-mation mechanics. The analytical solution to the hollow cylindrical solid torsion problem where material softening stage and loading system rigidity are considered is obtained. Two-link and three-link approximations of the complete material deformation diagram are considered. Dia-grams of shear stresses distribution over the cross-section are shown; various postcritical de-formation zones development scenarios existence is noted. Loading diagrams are built; torque maximum value dependence on material parameters and rod geometry is defined. The strength and deformation reserves of the structure are revealed. Conditions for complete loading diagram implementation are determined, the loading system rigidity influence is noted. Therefore, ration-ality and necessity of taking into account material softening stage and loading system rigidity in structural design are concluded.

Analytical Procedure for the Flow of a Carreau-Yasuda Fluid Through the Diseased Tapered Inclined Artery Subject to Heat Transfer and Chemical Reactions

This paper demonstrates the implications of heat transfer and chemical reactions by considering the flow of a Carreau-Yasuda fluid through the diseased tapered inclined artery. The analysis has performed on the artery with mild stenosis. The analytical solution has been obtained using the perturbation method due to its low Weissenberg number to get the blood velocity, the wall shear stress distribution, the temperature, the concentration, the resistance impedance and the stream function. The critical results in this study have depicted that the blood velocity for dilatant fluid is higher than that in viscous and pseudoplastic fluids in the core region of the artery. The value of blood velocity through a Newtonian fluid is extraordinarily lower than that through a Carreau-Yasuda fluid at the core region of the artery. The magnitude of blood velocity across the vertical artery is higher than those in the inclined and horizontal arteries inside the core region of the artery. The wall shear stress distributions are higher in the case of stenosis (diseased artery) than in no stenosis (healthy artery). The temperature transmission for the Carreau fluid is higher than that for the Carreau-Yasuda fluid. The flow resistance progressively increases as the depth of the stenosis increases. The size of the trapping bolus gradually increases, shifting toward the right at the diverging tapering artery, and it gradually increases, moving toward the left at the converging tapering artery. Finally, the streamlines are noticeably more comprehensive along the vertical artery and are higher than those in the inclined and horizontal arteries.

Numerical simulation of the accumulation process in modulated liquid jets of defined volume using the volume-of-fluid methodology

Axial modulation of liquid jets leads to the well-known jet ‘bunching’effect. The associated accumulation of liquid in certain parts of the jet is advantageous, as it can increase the mechanical effect of the jet when it hits a surface. This advantage is known from empirical studies on cleaning with pulsating jets as well as from biological studies on the hunting method of archerfish. So far, however, there have been no systematic studies on modulating jets to enhance their impact on a solid surface. In this paper the VOF methodology is used to simulate jets with an axial velocity modulation. The modulation aims to accumulate the ejected liquid in a single droplet at the tip of the jet. This accumulation process has a decisive influence on the jet impact, as it changes the distribution of pressure and wall shear stresses in the impact area, which are difficult to determine experimentally. The validity of the numerical model is ensured by benchmark experiments in which both the drop shape and the impact force are used as comparison criteria. For this purpose, the velocity at the nozzle outlet was measured with high temporal resolution in the experiments, as it defines the inflow boundary conditions for the simulations. The results lead to a better understanding of the basic accumulation process. Furthermore, the improvement of the impact behaviour by jet modulation can be estimated.

Analytical prediction of the cross-sectional shear flow in non-prismatic inhomogeneous beamlike solids

Non-prismatic beamlike elements are widespread in engineering applications. Unfortunately, analytical methods commonly used for stress analyses in prismatic beams provide mispredictions in non-prismatic cases. Referring for instance to components like towers and blades of large horizontal axis wind turbines, whose main length is much larger than the dimensions of the tapered transverse cross-sections, the cross-sectional taper produces shear stress distributions that are quite different from those obtainable by formulas valid in prismatic beams, notwithstanding the slender shape of such components, the limited magnitude of their tapering slopes, and the possible Navier-like distribution of their cross-sectional normal stresses. Here, we address the analytical determination of the cross-sectional stresses in elements of this kind, which are slender, non-prismatic, inhomogeneous, and susceptible to large deflections. Recalling the results of a recent work by the author, the field equations that govern the state of stress in the considered elements are exploited to obtain a new closed-form expression of the cross-sectional shear flow, which, in turn, can be used for stress predictions. Comparisons with results of non-linear 3D-FEM analyses for elements mimicking the shape of components used in applications confirm the effectiveness of the proposed analytical approach and formulas.

Spatial and temporal variability of shorefaces: A morpho-hydrodynamic controlled system

Shorefaces are transitional zones between the shelf and surfzone/beach systems. They are subdivided into ‘upper’ and ‘lower’ shoreface sectors which display particular morphodynamic behaviour, with the upper shoreface morphologically active over short (annual) time scales, and the lower shoreface evolving over much longer time scales (decadal and beyond).We examine morphodynamics using three distinct examples from the high-energy coast of Ireland. Numerical wave modelling (SWAN) is used to characterize wave energy dissipation across the shoreface. Our results show that zonation patterns and the physical extent of shorefaces display distinct spatial as well as temporal variations. The shoreface’s physical limits and internal zonation patterns are driven by the combination of local wave forcing and pre-existing shoreface morphology. Shoreface behaviour therefore, falls within a spectum between gradual and intensive wave energy dissipation.We show that particular seabed morphology controls the extent of, as well as the bed shear stress distribution across the shoreface. This can have significant implications for any adjoining beach systems as waves arriving at the surf zone acquire specific characteristics depending on the shoreface configuration, even under similar offshore wave conditions. Additionally, the variation of shoreface extent impacts the volume of sediment available for transport, both to the nearshore zone as well as local beach systems. The influence of shoreface morphology is therefore an important, but largely overlooked element in the study of mesoscale coastal behaviour as well as coastal response to global climate change and secular sea-level rise.

Elastoplastic analysis of shear resistance of special-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular connection

The experimental and analytical methods were used in this research to comprehend the elastoplastic shear behavior of special-shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) joint and develop damage models for its joint under low-reversed cyclic and axial loading. It is identified that the shear failure occurs in the panel zone and the joint's shear force-lateral displacement hysteretic curves and stress distribution are obtained. The joint is divided into individual components, including webs, steel frame, and core concrete, so as to investigate the elastoplastic shear behavior of the joint at the material level. In order to accurately calculate the elastoplastic shear resistances of joint components while considering the loading and boundary conditions and interactions between web and flange limbs, the shear resistances models of the webs, steel frame, and core concrete are presented based on the analytic function of shear stress, plastic hinge damage mechanism, and concrete compression strut mechanism. Furthermore, the above models are used to develop a design calculation formula for the shear resistances, in which the plastic development of the webs, the stress state of the plastic hinges, and the shear resistance increasing factor of the concrete compression strut can be considered. Finally, a design formulation to calculate the shear capacity of the special-shaped CFST joint is put forward，and the calculated results are compared with experimental data.

A study of wave-driven flow characteristics across a reef under the effect of tidal current

Recent field observations have improved our understanding of the role of tidal currents in modulating the wave dynamics over coral reefs. In this study, detailed flow measurements are conducted across an idealized reef profile in a wave-current flume. A typical plunging breaker propagating over both the flooding (shoreward) and the ebbing (seaward) tides are tested, respectively, and compared to the scenario without tidal current (wave only). Laboratory results are reported for the cross-shore distributions of wave height and mean water level as well as the vertical variation of cross-shore mean current below wave trough across a reef. Subsequently, to reproduce the laboratory measurements, the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with a stabilized k-ω SST turbulence model are solved to establish a numerical wave tank. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is used to track the free surface and an existing wave generation module is modified to consider the tidal current effect on waves. The numerical model is first validated by the experimental measurements based on the aforementioned three wave-current scenarios. Subsequently, the mean flow field around the reef surf zone and the cross-shore distribution of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and Reynolds shear stress along the reef profile are examined via numerical simulations.

Nonlinear dynamics of blood passing through an overlapped stenotic artery with copper nanoparticles

Abstract The dynamics of blood carrying microscopic copper particles through overlapping stenotic arteries is an important research area needed for scrutinizing and exploring dynamics through blood vessels. Adipose tissue deposition and other elements of atherosclerosis generate the uncommon artery disease known as arterial stenosis. It limits blood flow and raises the risk of heart disease. Using the Casson model, it is feasible to shed light on the peristaltic blood flow of copper nanoparticles over an overlapping stenotic artery. Nothing is known about the study of heat sink/source, buoyancy and Lorent force, and volume fraction because the focus is on the dynamics of blood carrying minute copper particles through an overlapping stenotic artery. When the Lorentz force is significant, the transport mentioned above was evaluated utilizing stenosis approximations to examine the stream function, wall shear stress, Nusselt number, and flow resistance distribution. In addition, temperature solutions were identified analytically, whereas a perturbation approach acquired velocity solutions. Temperature distribution and velocity are greater in stenosed arteries than in unstenosed arteries. Furthermore, extreme velocity and temperature rise as it reaches the core of the artery and falls as one approaches the wall. When the heat source parameter values increase due to an improvement in the fluid’s thermal state, the temperature distribution increases.

Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Fully Grouted Bolts under Axial Cyclic Load

Fully grouted bolts are widely used in engineering. In order to deeply understand the load-transfer mechanism of a fully grouted bolt, it is necessary to analyze and study its mechanical behavior under axial cyclic load. First of all, based on the idea of discretization and the force balance analysis of each mass spring element, this study proposes a method for analyzing the force of the bolt—the spring element method. Second, the load-transfer model of the fully grouted bolt is established by using the spring element method, assuming that the bolt and the sidewall rock and soil are connected by tangential linear springs. The analytical solutions for the displacement, axial force, and shear-stress distribution of the bolt before and after the damage of the sidewall spring are given. It is found that the analysis results of the analytical model proposed in this paper have a great relationship with λ, which is the square root of the ratio of sidewall spring stiffness k′u to bolt stiffness ku. Further analysis found that this model is more suitable for the two working conditions of λ ≈ 0 and λ ≈ 1, and the relationship between sidewall spring stiffness k′u and pull-out stiffness K of the bolt was established under these two working conditions. Finally, the rationality and accuracy of the analytical model proposed in this study are verified by an analysis of two typical test cases under the two working conditions of λ ≈ 0 and λ ≈ 1.

Research on the actuation behavior of composite beam integrated with graphene-reinforced piezoelectric actuator

Owing to the excellent conductivity and physical properties, graphene can significantly enhance the piezoelectric and mechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric matrix. This article studies the actuation behavior of laminated composite beams integrated with a graphene-reinforced composite piezoelectric (GRCP) actuator. Structural deformations are achieved by interlaminar stresses at interfaces between the piezoelectric actuators and the composite beams. Interlaminar stresses cannot be neglected for the structural analysis of composite beams with a GRCP actuator. Composite beams actuated by GRCP actuators exhibit more complex interlaminar mechanical behavior than traditional composite beams. Existing higher-order shear deformation theories may lose the capability for the actuation behavior of composite beams with GRCP actuators subjected to electromechanical loadings. Thereby, an advanced theory is to be proposed for the actuation performance of GRCP actuators acting on composite beams. Differing from earlier higher-order theories, the proposed theory includes an electromechanical interlaminar shear stress field that can accurately describe the distributions of interlaminar shear stresses without any additional postprocessing procedures. Additionally, a three-node beam element is constructed in terms of the proposed theory. The three-dimensional elasticity solutions, two-dimensional finite element solutions, and the results calculated by the other theories are employed to evaluate the proposed beam theory. Numerical results show that the proposed electromechanical coupling beam model can produce promising results. Additionally, the impacts of significant parameters on the actuation performance of laminated beams with a GRCP actuator are thoroughly investigated.

Distribution and regional variation of wall shear stress in the curved middle cerebral artery using four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging.

To investigate the distribution and regional variation of wall shear stress (WSS) in the curved middle cerebral artery (MCA) in healthy individuals using four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 44 healthy participants (18 males; mean ages: 27.16±5.69 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. The WSS parameters of mean, minimum, and maximum values, the coefficient of variation of time-averaged WSS (TAWSSCV), and the maximum values of the oscillatory shear index (OSI) were calculated and compared in the curved proximal (M1) segments. Three cross-sectional planes were selected: the location perpendicular to the beginning of the long axis of the curved M1 segment of the MCA (proximal section), the most curved M1 location (curved M1 section), and the location before the insular (M2) segment bifurcation (distal section). The WSS and OSI parameters of the proximal, curved, and distal sections of the curved M1 segment were compared, including the inner and outer curvatures of the curved M1 section. Of the curved M1 segments, the curved M1 section had significantly lower minimum TAWSS values than the proximal (P=0.031) and distal sections (P=0.002), and the curved M1 section had significantly higher maximum OSI values than the distal section (P=0.001). The TAWSSCV values at the curved M1 section were significantly higher than the proximal (P=0.001) and distal sections (P<0.001). At the curved M1 section, the inner curvature showed a significantly lower minimum TAWSS (P=0.013) and higher maximum OSI values (P=0.002) than the outer curvature. There are distribution variation of WSS and OSI parameters at the curved M1 section of the curved MCA, and the inner curvature of the curved M1 section has the lowest WSS and highest OSI distribution. The local hemodynamic features of the curved MCA may be related to the predilection for atherosclerotic plaque development.

Boundary vorticity dynamics of two-phase viscous flow

From the Navier–Stokes–Korteweg equations, the exact relations between the fundamental surface physical quantities for the two-phase viscous flow with the diffuse interface are derived, including density gradient, shear stress, vorticity, pressure, enstrophy flux, and surface curvature. These theoretical results provide a solid foundation of the boundary/interfacial vorticity dynamics and a new tool for the analysis of complex interfacial phenomena in two-phase viscous flows. To demonstrate the application of the developed results, simulation of a droplet impacting and spreading on a solid wall is conducted by using a recently developed well-balanced discrete unified gas kinetic scheme, focusing on the spreading process when the separation bubbles form inside the droplet. The distributions of shear stress, pressure, and enstrophy flux at the interface and the wall are analyzed, particularly near the moving contact points and other characteristic points. This example gives an unique perspective to the physics of droplet impingement on a wall.

Reynolds stress modeling of supercritical narrow channel flows using OpenFOAM: Secondary currents and turbulent flow characteristics

In this study, the full Launder, Reece and Rodi pressure-strain model, and nonlinear boundary damping functions were incorporated in OpenFOAM® to simulate the turbulence-driven secondary currents in supercritical narrow channel flows, such as in sediment bypass tunnels. Five simulations were performed under uniform flow conditions covering Froude numbers from 1.69 to 2.56 and aspect ratios (channel width to flow depth) ar from 0.9 to 1.91 to investigate the formation of secondary currents and their impacts on longitudinal velocity, turbulence characteristics, and bed shear stress distribution. The numerical results of the maximum longitudinal velocity and the average shear velocity show marginal deviations, of less than 2.6%, from two-dimensional experimental results acquired under decelerating flow conditions. However, some differences are observed for the secondary currents and for the vertical turbulence intensity and Reynolds shear stress in the outer flow region, especially for cases with higher flow nonuniformity (that can influence the surface perturbation) whose influence is missing in the numerical model. No intermediate vortex is observed for ar = 1.91. However, it develops for lower ar and detaches from the free surface vortex when ar ≤ 1.05. Such vortex bulges the longitudinal velocity contour lines inward and the zone of higher longitudinal velocity narrows and deepens with a decrease in ar. The decrement reduces the magnitude of the normalized maximum secondary velocity. It also affects the bottom vortex which alters the bed shear stress distribution.

Shear behavior of prismatic and nonprismatic beams with trapezoidal steel web corrugations considering secondary internal force induced by external prestressing

This paper analyzes the shear behavior of statically determinate and statically indeterminate nonprismatic and prismatic beams with trapezoidal steel web corrugations (TSWCs) under external prestressing. The results indicate that for nonprismatic beams with TSWCs, the bending moments and axial forces can also induce additional shear stresses, which will lead to a redistribution of shear stresses on the sections. Moreover, for the nonprismatic statically indeterminate beams with TSWCs, the secondary bending moment and secondary axial force also affect the shear stresses distribution of the sections. This finding has not been reported previously. Therefore, it is not accurate to deem that all shear stresses on TSWCs are completely generated by shear force in the existing specifications. Then, the differences of the shear behaviors between prismatic and nonprismatic indeterminate beams with TSWCs under external prestressing are explored. Consequently, a new practical formula is derived for calculating the shear stresses on the TSWCs induced by external prestressing. The formula can be applied to not only statically determinate and statically indeterminate prismatic beam, but also statically determinate and statically indeterminate nonprismatic beams with TSWCs under external prestressing.

Study on the Shear Lag Effect

Shear lag effect increase as we move away from the section thereafter, the effects becomes predominant especially for the unsymmetric structures. The force transmission between the structure and patch occurs through bond layer, via shear mechanism, invariably causing shear lag. In the present study, an attempt is made to correlate the average shear stress in the bond layer obtained using the Bhalla &amp; Soh model (2004) &amp; BSC(Bhatt Saxena Chaudhary) model. In BSC model overall deformation of the bond layer is considered. It is simplified model of the complex shear lag phenomenon as with force transmission among PZT (lead zirconate titanate) patch and host structure .PZT is one of the world’s most widely used piezoelectric ceramic materials. When fired, PZT has a perovskite crystal structure, each unit of which consists of a small tetravalent metal ion in a lattice of large divalent metal ions. PZT is used to make ultrasound transducers both for loudspeakers and microphones and other sensors and actuators, as well as high –value ceramic capacitors and FRAM chips. PZT is also used in the manufacture of ceramic resonators for reference timing in electronic circuitry. PZT has a high dielectric constant, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, &amp; pyroelectric properties. The ideal properties of PZT have made its application to transducer, sensor and actuator devices ubiquitous. Piezoelectric ceramics, when mechanically activated with pressure or vibration, have the capacity to generate electric voltages sufficient to spark across an electrode gap. Piezoelectric energy harvester has good compression performance, fatigue resistance and waterproof performance. Piezoelectric effect is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress. The word Piezoelectric is derived from the Greek piezein , which means to squeeze or press ,&amp; piezo , which is Greek for “push”. The main advantage of BSC model is that it does not involve solving the complex differential equations. Shear stress distribution is practically independent of excitation frequency except near pressure. BSC model can be made use of for carrying out the preliminary design in structural control related problems.

Analysis of Thermal Stress in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films by Finite Element Method.

The buckling, de-lamination, and cracking of the thin film/substrate system caused by thermal stress is the main obstacle for functional failure. Moreover, the thermal stress of vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film may be more complicated due to the stress re-distribution caused by phase transition. Therefore, the thermal stress of VO2 thin films deposited on four substrates with different materials (fused silica, silicon slice, sapphire, and glass) has been studied by finite element method in the present work. The influences of external temperature, substrate, and interlayer on thermal stress were analyzed. It was found that the substrates can greatly affect the thermal stresses, which were mainly caused by the mismatch of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The thermal stress had a linear relationship with the external temperature, but this tendency would be redistributed or even change direction when phase transition occurred. The simulated results were in tandem with the analytical method. Meanwhile, the radial stress and shear stress distribution under the influence of phase transition were calculated. In addition, the reduction of thermal stress and shear stress showed that the appropriate interlayer can enhance the adhesive strength effectively.