Shanghai Pudong New Research Articles

Building and development of training center in Weifang community health service center of Shang hai Pudong New Area

介绍上海市浦东新区潍坊社区卫生服务中心实训中心的建设情况，包括软硬件设施及其主要在教学和考核两方面的功能和目的，以及浦东新区全科医生临床能力水平考核的形式及实训中心未来发展的建议。提示社区实训中心是未来全科医生培养、继续教育的一个重要平台，能够提供更加符合全科医生能力建设实际的临床技能训练项目，但这些工作都尚处于起步探索阶段。

Knowledge of chronic stable coronary artery disease management among general practitioners in Shanghai Pudong New Area

Objective To survey the knowledge of chronic stable coronary artery disease management among general practitioners (GPs) in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Methods The survey was conducted among 363 GPs with at least 2-year work experiences from community health service centers in Shanghai Pudong New Area from July to September in 2014. A self-designed questionnaire based on the guidelines/consensus of chronic stable coronary artery disease management were used in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts: diagnosis, drug therapy, revascularization and treatment of special types. Results Among 363 participants 362 questionnaires were completed. History taking, physical examination and electrocardiogram were applied for diagnosis in all participants, 49.2%(178/362)also used coronary computed tomography angiography, 26.5%(96/362)used exercise testing for assistant examination. More than 95.0% of participants recognized that smoking, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes were risk factors. 75.7% (274/362) of participants used aspirin, 91.4% (331/362) knew the dose of aspirin as 75-150 mg; for aspirin intolerance 14.6%(53/362)would use clopidogrel alternatively. 50.6%(183/362)of participants sometimes used statins; and 39.2%(142/362)did not use stain because of not knowing the contraindication. Facing increases of alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase levels 95.3%(345/362)of participants would immediately discontinue stain; 80.4%(291/362)discontinued statins as creatine kinase increased. 32.0%(116/362)of participants gave enough drug-free period avoiding nitrates resistance. 79.6% (288/362) seldom used β-blockers and 42.5% (154/362) failed to use β-blockers because not knowing the contraindication.78.7%(285/362)knew percutaneous coronary intervention but did not know its indications; 83.1%(301/362)knew coronary artery bypass but did not know its indications. 27.6%(100/362)knew calcium antagonists were first-line drugs for variant angina and 93.6%(339/362)never heard of microvascular angina. Conclusion The survey shows that GPs from community health service centers in Shanghai Pudong are not well familiar with examination of coronary heart disease and lack of sufficient knowledge of drugs recommended by the guideline, not well understand the indications for revascularization and the diagnosis and treatment of special types of coronary heart disease. Key words: Coronary artery disease; Questiongnaires; General practitioner

Prevalence and epidemic characteristic of overweight, obesity, and central obesity in Shanghai Pudong New Area

Objective To explore the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of overweight, obesity, and central obesity in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was conducted in Pudong New Area in 2013. Residents over 15 years old were randomly selected from 13 communities and participated in the cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and physical examination, biochemical assays were also conducted. SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the results. Results The average body mass index of participants was(25.04±3.79)kg/m2 and the average waist circumference was(82.44±9.51)cm. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 41.67%, 17.70%, and 31.32% respectively. Standardized prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 34.39%, 16.96%, and 25.66% respectively, according to 2010 national age composition of population. Statistically significant sex differences were found among the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity groups(all P<0.05). The prevalence of central obesity in female was raised by increasing age. Residents with hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic disorders had higher prevalences in overweight, obesity, and central obesity(all P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among the residents in Shanghai Pudong New Area were relatively high. Relevant risk factors should be explored to promote health education that may enhance people's awareness of weight management. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2016, 32: 206-212) Key words: Overweight; Obesity; Central obesity; Cross-sectional study

Dental caries status of students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area.

BackgroundIn China, there is a large migrant population. A significant proportion of children of the migrant population in China are not able to attend public schools due to the lack of local household registration (HuKou). They turn to privately-operated migrant schools, which are usually under-funded, have bad environmental facilities and are inadequately staffed compared to public schools. This study aims to describe the dental caries status of students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area and factors that influence their caries status.MethodsChildren (7–12 years old) from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area were randomly selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Following the recommendation of the World Health Organization, caries experiences were recorded using the dmft index. A questionnaire to survey the children’s socio-demographic characteristics and oral health-related behaviours was completed by the children’s parents or guardians.ResultsA total of 1385 children in migrant primary schools were invited, of which 1323 joined the survey (95.5 %). Among all the surveyed subjects, the prevalence rate of dental caries was 74.7 % (65.7 % for primary teeth and 28.1 % for permanent teeth). The mean (SD) dmft scores were 3.17 (3.12), 2.74 (3.02) for the primary teeth and 0.44 (0.84) for the permanent teeth, and 99.5 % of the carious teeth received no treatment.ConclusionsStudents from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area had bad conditions of dental caries and most of the carious teeth were left untreated. The caries experience was associated with tooth brushing habits, snacking habits, dental visit and gender.

Safety and efficacy of WeChat combined with Yi Jin Jing exercise for the treatment of cervical spondylosis in white-collar workers: study protocol for a prospective open label randomized controlled trial

Background: Yi Jin Jing (changing tendon exercise) is a traditional Chinese exercise. Yi Jin Jing can reportedly prevent cervical spondylosis in financial professionals. In the absence of effective supervision and follow-up training, Yi Jin Jing self-exercise does not become habitual, reducing the efficacy of the technique. WeChat is an online text and voice messaging communication service developed by Tencent in China, and can be used as an interactive platform for doctors and patients. We hypothesized that WeChat could be used to guide Yi Jin Jing exercise, potentially enhancing the preventative and therapeutic benefits for cervical spondylosis in white-collar workers. Methods/Design: 120 financial professionals with cervical spondylosis working at the Bank Card Industrial Park in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China will be enrolled in this prospective, open label, randomized controlled trial. Participants will be equally and randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group, participants will undertake conventional Yi Jin Jing training followed by a group chat using WeChat to provide interactive guidance. In the control group, participants will undertake conventional Yi Jin Jing training alone. The primary ontcome will be the Cervical Spondylosis Symptoms scale measured 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after training. The secondary outcomes will be the 36-item Short Form Health Survey score, Visual Analog Scale score for pain intensity, medical expenses and the number of days absent from work. Discussion: This study will examine whether on-going interactive Yi Jin Jing exercise using the WeChat platform will improve outcomes in participants with cervical spondylosis. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR-OCH-13003426) on 6 August 2013. Ethical approval: Written approval for this project was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Wanggang Community Health Center, Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China (approval number WG2013 0709001). All patients will be informed of the protocols and will provide written informed consent.

Investigation and analysis of registered nurse′s culture competence in Pudong New District

Objective To investigate registered nurse′s (RN′s) cultural competence level in Pudong New District Shanghai, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods RN′s cultural competence scale was used to investigate RN from first-level hospitals, secondary hospital and tertiary hospitals for cultural competence level in Pudong New District. Results The total score of RN′s competence was (339.71±71.308) in Shanghai Pudong New District, maintaining a good level; among 7 dimensions, the highest score was cultural encounter (4.21±0.614), and the lowest score was cultural knowledge (3.81±1.128). The cultural competence was impacted by hospital level and seniority (P<0.05). Conclusions More training and education should be done to increase the level of RN′s cultural competence. Key words: Registered nurse; Cultural competence; Influencing factor; Field survey

Empirical analysis of road networks evolution patterns in a government-oriented development area

Greater understanding of the topological evolution characteristics of the supply side of urban transport systems could help urban planners and policy makers uncover patterns of both city growth and road development. This paper examines the road network topological evolution characteristics of a unique government-oriented development district, Shanghai Pudong New District, from 1995 to 2007, where a road-name–based dual approach is adopted to capture the homogeneity and functional continuity of different segments. The urban road network is found to evolve from a broad-scale system to a scale-free system driven by the government interventions. A generalized extreme value distribution is utilized to provide a general form for the road network topological evolution model with a good fit. This scale-free road network has shown to be effective in supporting economic development. This paper offers a new perspective that describes the patterns of topological evolution characteristics for transportation planners regarding network design and urban planning in the long run.

Territorial Urbanization and the Party-State in China

This article develops the concept of territorial urbanization in China through the historical conditions and research design problems of the Chinese administrative divisions in relation to comparative territorial thought. Subnational territories are not constitutionally guaranteed in China and the state maintains powers to establish new cities and enlarge and merge existing ones, and even eliminate others, with significant implications for geographically targeted economic development and governing powers. These territorial strategies, which administer urban expansion, rationalize government administration, and organize capital investment through continuing economic growth, are negotiated within the political system of the Chinese party-state and decided through non-transparent processes by the Chinese central government. Yet literature on urbanization in China often subsumes party-state territorialization practices under internationally recognizable epistemologies such as urban and regional planning and simplifies and contains their urban-economic transformations to fixed spaces in zone development. This analysis examines cities within the system of administrative divisions and pursues the question of the reproduction of state power through territorial urbanization in the Shanghai Pudong New Area, where a territorial merger doubled its size and central government policy imagines the future of China's international financial centre.

Characteristics and associated factors of early cognitive dysfunction following acute traumatic brain injury

Objective To analyze the characteristics and associated factors of early cognitive dysfunction following acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) and provide the evidence for early diagnosis and treatment of cognitive dysfunction. Methods A prospective study was performed on 328 patients with mild to moderate TBI from Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital since June 2012 to June 2014, using the Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) to assess their cognitive function. Differential analysis of the mechanism of injury, age, gender, years of education, and CT manifestation type was performed in patients with and without cognitive dysfunction. Logistic regression analysis was further used to analyze the risk factors for cognitive dysfunction. Results In enrolled 328 patients, 56 patients (17.1%) were identified with cognitive dysfunction in MMSE score, while 207 patients (63.1%) in MoCA score. Cognitive dysfunction mainly manifested as visual-spatial and executive function, attention and calculation ability, language, abstract, and delayed memory. There were significant differences in years of education and CT manifestations (subarachnoid hemorrhage, contusion, intracranial hematoma, etc) between patients with and without cognitive dysfunction (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed years of education, brain contusion, and intracranial hematoma were the major factor for cognitive dysfunction following TBI (P<0.01). Conclusion Cognitive dysfunction is largely affected by years of education, brain contusion and intracranial hematoma after TBI. Key words: Craniocerebral trauma; Cognition disorders; Influence factors

Research on Eco-Economy System of Shanghai Pudong New Area Based on Emergy Analysis

Based on emergy analysis, this paper studied the emergy flow in the eco-economy system in Shanghai Pudong New Area from 1995 to 2011 and analyzed the relationship between the environment stress caused by the development of economic and the sustainable development of the area from the perspective of nature-social-economic ecosystem. The results show that the development of the area depended mainly on the nonrenewable emergy resources, the largest percentage of the output emergy was the high value-added products, the wealth of the system increased during the 1995-2011, and the emergy density and per capita emergy is higher than Chinese domestic average obviously. However, the loading ratio of the environment increased while the carrying capacity of the population decreased, and the ESI of area fell from 0.13 to 0.01 during 1995-2011, which indicates Pudong belonged to developed area with the rapid economic development, but the development of the new area has brought huge stress to the environment and the function of the overloaded ecosystem was decreasing continuously.

上海地区HPV分型及高危型HPV负荷量与宫颈病变的关系

The epidemiological distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV) subtypes varies among different countries and also in different areas within the same country.HPV viral load is correlated with the grade of cervical intraepithelial lesion.Therefore,HPV subtype and HPV viral load testing have drawn increasing research attention.We investigated 515 cervical disease specimens collected from patients at the Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital.We used guide hybrid gene chip technology(HybriMax) to conduct HPV genotyping and measured HPV viral load by RT-PCR.We then analyzed the correlations between HPV genotypes and grade of cervical disease,as well as HPV viral load and cervical disease.We detected 18 HPV subtypes in Shanghai.Six high-risk subtypes(HPV 16,58,33,52,31,18) had a detection rate of over 5%,of which four subtypes(HPV 16,58,33,52) were significantly correlated with the severity of cervical lesions.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that HPV viral load and cervical lesion grade were positively correlated(r=0.318,P=0.000);this correlation was primarily as a result of HPV-16 and HPV-33.This study presents the prevalent HPV subtypes in Shanghai and analyzes HPV viral load and the relationship to cervical lesions.These results provide evidence for the clinical significance of HPV viral load in rapid screening for cervical lesions,and serves to inform for the development of a polyvalent vaccine for China.

Experience of performing clinical pharmacy of Chinese materia medica in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area

Experience of performing clinical pharmacy of Chinese materia medica in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area

Practice of performance management in pharmacy intravenous admixture service of Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New District

Objective:To develop and implement rational performance assessment scheme in pharmacy intravenous admixture service(PIVAS)of Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New District,so as to increase efficiency,improve work quality and promote the growth of the working staff.Methods:The performance assessment scheme was developed and implemented in combination with quantitative and qualitative targets,and the evaluation results were taken as reference data for bonus distribution and work improvement,and in addition,efforts should also be made to get feedbacks and give guidance to consumers.Results and Conclusion:Through the performance management practice,PIVAS medical personnel could fulfill their professional work in accordance with the evaluation criteria,working enthusiasm was aroused,what was more,human resource efficiency and work quality were all improved.Finally,both individual and department goals reached consensus and unanimous strategic targets were achieved.

Utilization of antihypertensive drugs in the outpatient pharmacy of Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New District from 2007 to 2010

Utilization of antihypertensive drugs in the outpatient pharmacy of Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New District from 2007 to 2010

Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and older adults in Shanghai Pudong New District

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older adult population in Shanghai Pudong New District.Methods Two thousand residents aged 45 years and above were randomly selected for questionnaire survey and health check-up in Shanghai Pudong New District from July 2006 to October 2010.The laboratory examinations were also performed including the urine routine,urinary protein to creatinine ratio,serum creatinine,blood glucose and lipids.The glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by simplified Chinese MDRD (modification of Diet in Renal Disease) equation.SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Results Among 1905 residents who completed survey and examinations,the adjusted prevalence of albuminuria was 12.0％ (95％ CI:0.105-0.135) and of eGFR less than 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 was 1.9％ (95 ％ CI: 0.172-0.213).The prevalence of CKD was 12.6％ (95 ％ CI: 0.112-0.142).Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR =1.043),hypertension (OR =2.272),diabetes mellitus (OR =1.233)and hyperuricemia (OR =1.003)were independently associated with CKD.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD in adult residents (≥45 years) from Shanghai Pudong New District is high.It is necessary to carry out early screening and to intervene risk factors of CKD in middle-aged and older residents. Key words: Nephrosis; Prevalence; Risk factor

Glucose metabolism among residents in Shanghai: natural outcome of a 5-year follow-up study.

Previous studies have shown that Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is usually preceded by a condition known as pre-diabetes. However, few studies evaluate the rate of each status of impaired glucose regulation progressed to T2DM and its related metabolic disorders impacting the development. To investigate the natural outcome of glucose metabolism among Shanghai adult residents during a 5-yr period, and estimate the metabolic characteristics related with the conversion of glucose tolerance. A cross-sectional survey with multiple- stage and random sampling was conducted among 1869 adult residents from Shanghai Pudong New District in 2002. In 2007, 1042 non-diabetic subjects were successfully followed up. All the participants completed a questionnaire and underwent anthropometric measurements and a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The incidence of diabetes was higher in isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i- IGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), and combined fasting and post-prandial hyperglycemia (IFG/IGT) group when compared to that in normal glucose tolerance group, as relative ratios with 95% confidence intervals of 9.2 (5.5- 15.2), 7.5 (3.6-15.7), and 13.2 (5.8-30.2), respectively. Subjects who had 2 or more metabolic disorders had a 2-3-fold higher incidence than those with less than 1 metabolic disorder (all p<0.001). People with pre-diabetes are at increased risk of diabetes, suggesting the need for frequent screening in theloe people with several metabolic disorders.

Effects of chemotherapy combined with Chinese herbal medicine Kangliu Zengxiao Decoction on tumor markers of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized, controlled trial

Tumor markers are widely used in clinical practice and have become important indicators in assessing cancer progress. There is increasing concern that chemotherapy combined with traditional Chinese medicine has effects in decreasing the level of tumor markers. To investigate the effects of chemotherapy combined with Kangliu Zengxiao Decoction (KLZX), a compound Chinese herbal drug, on tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA 50), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore the relationships between clinical efficacy and tumor markers. Patients were included from Punan Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New District and Longhua Hospital between October 2008 and December 2009. Seventy-four subjects with advanced NSCLC were randomly assigned into treatment group (n=37) and control group (n=37). Patients in the control group were treated with chemotherapy alone while patients in the treatment group were treated with chemotherapy combined with KLZX. Chemotherapy of NP (vinorelbine + cisplatin) was given for two cycles and patients in the treatment group were administered with KLZX during chemotherapy. Levels of CA50, CYFRA21-1 and CEA before and after treatment were evaluated and the relationship between changes in levels of tumor makers and tumor size, clinical symptoms and living condition score (Karnofsky score) was analyzed. No patients achieved a complete remission. The disease control rates (complete remission (CR)+partial remission (PR)+no change (NC)) were 89.20% (33/37) and 70.30% (26/37) in the treatment and control group respectively (P<0.05). The levels of CA50, CYFRA21-1 and CEA were clearly decreased in the treatment group after treatment (P<0.05) while also decreased in the patients without progression of disease. There were no obvious changes of CA50, CYFRA21-1 and CEA in the control group, and there was even a trend of increase. Furthermore, the improvement rates of clinical syndrome were 51% (19/37) vs 11% (4/37) (P<0.05) in the treatment group and control group respectively. The total response rates of quality of life were 91.89% (34/37) vs 56.76% (21/37) (P<0.01) in the treatment and control group respectively. Combined chemotherapy with KLZX in treating advanced NSCLC can acquire better stabilizing tumor foci, decrease levels of tumor markers and improve the clinical symptoms and Karnofsky score.

A survey on status of diabetes-related knowledge among general physicians in Shanghai Pudong New Area

To evaluate the status of diabetes-related knowledge and training requirement among general physicians,a questionnaire survey was conducted in 676 general physicians from 32 primary medical institutions and 5 secondary hospitals of Shanghai Pudong New Area.48.2% (261/541) of the surveyees had bachelor degree and most of them worked in secondary hospitals or primary medical institutions in affluent areas.The awareness rate of diabetic knowledge among the surveyeos was 51.6%,and there were significant differences in the awareness rate of diabetes-related knowledge between different levels of hospitals and physicians with different academic background.Only 26.6% of physicians received diabetes-related continuing education or training,there was a popular request for professional training from the surveyed physicians. Key words: Diabetes; Community health services

A View of Shanghai Pudong New Area

A View of Shanghai Pudong New Area

Monitoring and Analysis of Shanghai Pudong Seawall Performance

Local government built the monitoring project to know seawall performance and ensure its safety in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Up to now, monitoring data of some important monitoring items including tidewater level, seepage pressure, rainfall, wave, deformation, etc., have been collected. The monitoring system is introduced here. Furthermore, the data analysis methods have been studied particularly because the seawall works in a complex special environment. The rules and relationship within seepage pressure, tidewater, and rainfall are presented, and the time distance between tidewater and seepage pressure curves are confirmed by statistical distance analysis. To do quantificational analysis of seawall performance, two methods based on statistical theory and general regression neural network are used to establish monitoring models considering the main effect factors. Instances show the models can achieve good fitting and forecasting results of seawall seepage pressure. Application experiences are also presented.