Goal. To determine directions of change of chemical indicators and physical and chemical properties of dark-chestnut irrigated soil at various reclamation loads. Methods. Studies were conducted on experimental fields of Institute of irrigated agriculture of NAAS in the area of Ingulets irrigation system in 2016–2018 with the use of the field, quantitative-weight, visual, laboratory, comparative-calculation, and mathematical-statistical methods. Results. The observations over the chemical composition of irrigation water during the growing season provide an opportunity to establish that in 2016 the salinity of irrigation water ranged from 1.444 to 1.813 g/dm3, 2017 — from 1.130 to 1.584, in 2018 — from 1.418 to 1.891 g/dm3. At the interaction of varients of the system of differential-1 tillage and fertilizer application, they observed the following tendency: reduction of alkaline action of low mineralized irrigation water, where it was observed the highest content of absorbed calcium from the sum of the cations (69.3%) and lowest content of toxic salts in water extract of soil (0.075%). The content of magnesium and sodium were the largest in the shallow subsurface cultivation (option 3) — 32.3 and 3.9% without fertilizer, and 30.7–31.3 and 3.5–3.8% of the sum of cations — at entering fertilizers, respectively. Conclusions. The use of different methods of primary tillage and fertilizers is not able to reduce the process of irrigation alkalinization. But at the use of shelf and differential cultivation, where for crop rotation plowing alternates with shallow shelf loosening under crops of rotation, with the application of fertilizers they fixed the highest content of absorbed calcium from the sum of the cations (69.1–69.3%). At the same time, they also fixed a slight decrease in the alkalinization and increase in the ratio of calcium cations to sodium in the soil solution up to 0.61–0.63 units, and it helps to reduce the intensity of alkalinization.