Shallot Bulbs Research Articles

The The Effect of Doses Quail Manure on The Growth and Yield of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Research on the effect of Quail Manure on the Growth and Yield of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.), has been carried out in Jorong Lima Ninik, X Koto Singkarak District, Solok Regency with an altitude of ± 400 m above sea level. This study aims to obtain the best dose of quail manure for the growth and yield of shallots. The method used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 6 treatments, 4 groups. The treatment given was the dose of quail manure namely, as follows: P1=0 g/polybag, P2=30 g/polybag, P3=60 g/polybag, P4=90 g/polybag, P5=120 g/polybag, P6=150 g/polybag. The research data were analyzed for variance if the calculated F was greater than F table 5%, followed by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a 5% significance level. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of tubers (fruit), wet weight (g), dry weight (g). The results showed that the application of quail manure had a very significant effect on plant height, the number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight of shallot bulbs. The best results were obtained from the P5 treatment (120 g/polybag) with a production of 78.25 g/plant.

Respons Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah yang Ditanam pada Lahan Kering Ultisol terhadap Aplikasi Kompos Kiambang

Shallots are vegetables that have high economic value. Shallots market demand in Indonesia increase over years in order to fulfil national consumption and exports. It is necessary to increase production by cultivating shallots in Utisol dry land which has low fertility and limited water availability. The fertilization with Salvinia molesta compost is an effort to increase the production and productivity of shallots in Ultisol dry land. This study aims were to investigated the effect of Salvinia molesta compost on the growth and yield of shallots, and to obtain the highest yield of Salvinia molesta compost. The study used a randomized block design (RAK) with one factor, the dose of Salvinia molesta compost were 0 ; 5; 10 ; 15 ; 20 ; and 25 tons ha-1. Each treatment was repeated four times. Salvinia molesta compost has no effect on growth, but is able to increase the yield of shallots. The dose of Salvinia molesta compost of 25 tons ha-1 resulted in the highest shallot bulb weight of 589.07 g m-2 (equivalent to 5.89 tons ha-1) an increase of 253.77% compared to the dose of 0 tons ha-1 (without Salvinia molesta compost). Addition of Salvinia molesta compost up to a dose of 25 tons ha-1 still continues to increase tuber yields per m2.Keywords: organic matter, shallots, production

Yield and Its Components of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Influenced by the Application of Amino Acid Fertilizer And Triacontanol

Shallot are one of the agricultural products with a relatively high demand for the consumer market in Indonesia, but the productivity figure is relatively low compared to other countries (FAO, 2021). This study seeks to explore the effectiveness of the application of amino acid fertilizer and triacontanol in increasing the yield and yield components of shallot. The study was conducted in Karangploso District, Malang, from April to August 2021. In a randomized block design, this study used two factors: amino acid fertilizers (A1: 1 g plot-1; A2: g plot-1; A3: 5 g plot-1) and triacontanol (T0: 0 ppm; T1: 5ppm; T2: 10 ppm). Each combination was repeated three times. As a result, amino acid fertilizers can significantly affect the number of shallot bulbs, yields per hectare, economic weight, and economical weight loss. A significant effect was seen in the application of triacontanol on shallot yields per hectare and economic weight. The interaction of characters of bulb length was shown in the combination of 5-10 ppm triacontanol with amino acid fertilizer. The best response ranged from 10.64% to 11.67% in fertilizer with 5 g plot-1 of an amino acid fertilizer. As the doses of amino acid fertilizer in combination with triacontanol increased, the total bulb fresh weight grew as well, in which 5 g plot-1 of amino acid fertilizer could increase the weight by 45,23-45,43 g clump-1, which was greater than the response of the 1 g plot-1 amino acid fertilizer combination.

Yield Potential of Shallots Bulbil Planting Materials with Liquid Organic Fertilizer Treatment out of Season

The main problem with shallots in Indonesia is planting material. The use of consumption tubers as planting material is very high. Efforts are needed to replace consumption tuber planting material with other planting materials such as aerial tubers. This study examines the potential yield of aerial tuber planting material and consumption tuber with fertilization treatment. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design with a split-plot pattern with two factors, namely: fertilizer (as the main plot) with two levels, namely: with liquid and chemical fertilizer. Types of planting material (as a subplot) with three levels, namely aerial tubers, large consumption tubers (1.93-2.05 cm) and small consumption tubers (1.04-1.29 cm). Repeat three times. Liquid organic fertilizer can be used to improve the chemical quality of the soil. The combination of bulbils planting material with chemical fertilizer resulted in the highest fresh weight of bulbs per plot and dry weight of bulbs per plot, namely 394.67 grams and 338.67 grams, respectively. However, the highest number of bulbs planted in the treatment of large consumption bulbs was 7 bulbs. The diameter of bulbs produced from bulbils planting material and bulb consumption was the same. Shallot bulbs have potential as planting material.

The Effect of Soil Submersion and Conditioner Materials on Residual Organophosphate Pesticides in Soil and Shallot Bulbs

Soil health decreases and residual pesticides increase due to the application of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides continuously during the cultivation of crops. The effect of 12 hours or 24 hours soil submersion and chicken litters or zeolite application before planting on residual pesticides in soil and bulbs of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are studied. Samples of soils and bulbs have proceeded after shallot cultivation conducted in Brebes, Indonesia. Then organophosphate residues in the samples are analyzed using gas chromatography in the Laboratory of the Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Bogor. The data are compared to the standard of maximum residue levels (MRL) of pesticides in agricultural products. Results show that residual pesticides in treated soils are below the detection limit of the GC equipment, except malathion is detected with values ranging from 0.039-0.050 ppm. However, residual organophosphate pesticides in the bulbs are mainly below the maximum residue levels. The only exception is chlorpyrifos which has a value above the maximum residue levels of pesticides (0.076 ppm). Farmers should be educated in integrated pest management and applying synthetic pesticides as the last option for controlling pests and diseases.

The Effect of Watering Techniques for Increasing the Yield of Shallots (Allium cepa L) in Dry Land

Climate change that occurs requires secondary irrigation, to meet water needs by plants from existing water sources (springs, or existing irrigation. This study aims to see the effect of irrigation on increasing the production of shallot bulbs of the Lansuna variety. The study was conducted in the dry season of 2017 in Minahasa Regency. The layout of the experiment used a Randomized Block Design 2 treatment with 5 replications per plot measuring 4m x 4m. Pressurized watering was carried out per day for 4 hours with watering intervals every 3 days. For comparison, the existing technology only depends on the rainfall that occurs. randomized so that there are 250 clumps to be analyzed. This can also be seen in the existing 0.5 ha technology. Observation parameters include the weight of stover at harvest, the average number of tubers per plant, and tuber yield of tons/ha. Data were analyzed using the T-test The results of the analysis showed that the weight of shallots at harvest was 3.4g heavier and real eda by way of farmers (1.48g). The number of tubers per plant was not affected by irrigation techniques, but the weight of the shallot bulbs increased by 48.9% and the yield per ha increased by 48.40% from the rainfall that occurred during the study.

The Growth of Shallot (Allium Ascalonicum L) on Manure Fertilizer and Trichoderma Inoculation

To produce optimally good quality shallots, proper cultivation techniques are required. Efforts that can be made include modifying the environment in which plants grow. Alternative efforts to increase the quantity and quality of agricultural products, especially shallots can be done by using organic fertilizers and the use of Trichoderma sp. as a plant growth promoting agent, as well as improving the quality of organic fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Trichoderma in increasing the ability of plants to absorb nutrients from the growing media and to determine the best type of organic fertilizer to increase the growth and yield of shallots. The research was conducted at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta, Wedomartani, Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region, at an altitude of approximately 104 meters above sea level. The time of the research is from May to July 2021. This study was arranged in a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor is the type of manure (P1: without manure, P2: cow manure and P3: goat manure). The second factor was inoculation of Trichoderma sp isolates (I0: without inoculation of Trichoderma sp. isolates. and I1: by inoculation of Trichoderma sp. isolates). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the addition of cow and goat manure was able to produce more leaves and plant height than without the addition of manure, although it did not show a significant effect on the yield of shallot bulbs. There is no significant difference between cow manure and goat manure. Trichoderma inoculation has not had a significant effect on the growth and yield of shallots

Development and reproduction of Rhizoglyphus robini Claparéde (Astigmata: Acaridae), an emerging pest in Indonesia, on six host plants

ABSTRACT The bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède, is an important pest of plants with bulbs, corms or tubers. The mite is ubiquitously found infesting subterranean organs of crops in fields, greenhouses, and storage facilities. Although the mite is of economic and biosecurity importance, the information about its biology is still obscure. In this current study, the development and reproduction of R. robini on carrot, taro corm, ginger rhizome, shallot bulb, garlic clove, and onion bulb were studied under laboratory conditions. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm ) of the mite was estimated by an equation relating the mite reproduction rate to its pre-reproductive time. The results showed that the development, fecundity, and rm of the mite were significantly affected by the host plant variability. The mite development lasted for 9.80 to 12.56 days, the fecundity was 45.05 to 242.00 eggs per female, and the rm was 0.210 to 0.271. The higher rm values of R. robini on carrot, shallot, garlic, and onion alarms the potential of the mite to become a new threat to those commodities. The biological information of R. robini obtained in this study can be applied to evaluate the differential susceptibility of the tested host plants.

Test of Samosir local varieties of shallots with gamma-ray radiation on changes morphology characters, physiology and production

Shallots are one of the vegetable commodities that are in demand by the public, but their production does not meet market demand. One of the reasons is the difficulty of suitable seeds for the area. This condition can be overcome by obtaining superior seeds in the Samosir area through irradiation on shallot bulbs. The research objectives were to produce high production, and to identify changes in the morphological and physiological characters of the local Samosir variety shallots. Treatments were arranged in a non-factorial Randomized Block Design. Shallots bulbs were irradiated with several doses of gamma-ray irradiation (0, 1, and 2Gy) using a Co 60irradiation sources. The results showed that there were morphological and physiological differences between the irradiation treatments. The number of leaves with the highest value at 2 Gy 20.147 g and the lowest at 18.894 g control. The heaviest wet weight in the control was 20.355 g and the lowest was at 2 Gy 18.45 g. At 1 Gy and 2 Gy can significantly increase the content of chlorophyll-a 2 Gy 2.484, chlorophyll-b 2 Gy 1.579, and total chlorophyll-(a+b) 2 Gy 4.056. This proves that the dose of gamma-ray radiation affects the morphological and physiological characters of shallots.

Optimization production of two varieties of shallot from true shallot seed with the application of NPK and magnesium fertilizers

Shallot production in Indonesia is still relatively low. This is due to the use of shallot bulbs that are not sterile and susceptible to disease. One way to increase the production of shallots is by using botanical seeds (True Shallot Seed). The research aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of two varieties of TSS with the application of NPK and Magnesium fertilizers. The treatment was arranged in a randomized block design with three factors. The first factor was varieties, which consisted of Sanren F1 and Lokananta varieties. The second factor was the application of magnesium, which consisted of without magnesium, 125, and 250 kg Mg ha−1. The third factor was the application of NPK, which consisted without NPK, 83.3, 166.6, and 250 kg NPK ha−1. The results showed that the effect of varieties, NPK fertilizer, and Mg were significant differences in the parameters of the number of leaves 7.0, and the number of bulbs plants 2.7 where sanren showed better results. While the effect of varieties, NPK, and Mg fertilizers was significant differences in the parameters of plant height 41.5 cm, the Lokananta varieties showed better yields.

The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer From Coconut Husk And Dolomite On Shallot (Allium Cepa L.) Growth And Yield

Shallot is the most produced vegetable in Indonesia. The consumption of shallot per kg/capita/year is continuously increasing, therefore there is a need to ensure enough supply. The lack of nutrients in the soil is a problem in shallot production. Shallot needs macronutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and Calcium (Ca) to improve its yield and quality. The application of liquid organic fertilizer from coconut husk and dolomite can be the solution. This study was conducted using Factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors, concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) and dolomite (with dolomite or without). The results showed that the application of 20% liquid organic fertilizer, the application of dolomite, and the combination of both (P2D1) had the highest value on fresh shallot bulbs weight per clumps and bulb weight after storage parameters, and had the lowest value on weight loss percentage parameter.

Organic matter and mixed biofertilizer for plant growth and yield of shallot grown in fertile soil

Nowadays, shallot is important horticultural crops in Maluku include in Tual City, Maluku Province. For ensuring the macronutrients level in soil and yield during shallot cultivation, fertilization composed of chemical, organic and bio fertilizer is needed. The objective of field experiment was to evaluate the effect of mixed biofertilizer integrated with organic matter on total nitrogen and available phosphorous in soil as well as shallot yield grown in Vertisols of Tual. The experiment was setup in randomized block design with four treatments of compost and chicken manure amendment with and without biofertilizer containing N-fixing bacteria and P-solubilizing. At the vegetative stage, consortia biofertilizer combined with either compost or chicken manure increased plant height and soil reaction but decreased the available phosphate (P) and didn't change nitrogen (N) total in soil. Chicken manure amendment combined with biofertilizer inoculation increased dry weight of shoots and bulbs even though didn't significantly differ with other treatments. Nonetheles, that treatment resulted in high yield of shallot bulbs up to 14 t/ha.

Morphological and Flowering Characteristics of Shallot (Allium cepa Var. Aggregatum) in Response to Gibberellic Acid and Vernalization

Shallot plants have variations in morphological and flowering characters. Flowering ability can be induced by the treatment of gibberellic acid (GA3) and exposing to cold temperature (vernalization). The objectives of the research were to determine the effect of GA3 and vernalization on the morphological and flowering characters of 5 shallot varieties. Field study was organized in a completely randomized block design with three replications to evaluate the responses of 5 varieties of shallots (Bauji, Bima Brebes, Super Philip, Tajuk, and Thailand) to GA3 with the concentrations ranged from zero to 150 mg L-1. Plants were maintained for 65 days until harvesting. The second study was organized in a completely randomized design with 3 replications to evaluate the responses of the five varieties of shallot to vernalization. The vernalization of shallot bulbs were done at 8 o C for 6 weeks. The results indicated that a Super Phillip variety showed the highest response to GA3 observed in the number of leaves and bulbs. At 100 mg L-1 of GA3 increased the plant height up to 45.74 cm. The results from the second study showed that vernalization was effective to increase flowering only on the Ilokos variety. But the other varieties were not sensitive to vernalization. Based on morphological and flowering characters, 5 varieties of shallots were clustered into 3 groups, namely: sensitive flowering included Bentanis, Bma Brebes and Tajuk variety, medium sensitive flowering included Ilokos variety, and non-sensitive flowering included Sumenep variety.

Variability and relationship of six Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) cultivars based on amino acid profiles and fried shallot’s sensory characteristics

Abstract. Yofananda O, Sobir, Wijaya CH, Lioe HN. 2021. Variability and relationship of six Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) cultivars based on amino acid profiles and fried shallot’s sensory characteristics. Biodiversitas 22: 3327-3332. Shallot is an essential spice in the daily menu and processed food due to its unique flavor. Therefore information regarding the correlated compounds responsible for flavor in several cultivars of shallot will be important to elucidate. Since the amino acids profile is a key component of flavor character, this study aimed to determine the variability of amino acid profiles among six shallot cultivars related to fried shallot’s sensory characteristics. The six shallot cultivars were Bima Brebes, Bauji, Batu Ijo, Tajuk, Super Philip, and Rubaru. The shallot bulb was cultivated in the same area. The bulb size was analyzed using an analytical balance, the amino acids profile was analyzed using HPLC instrument, and sensory characteristics of fried shallots were analyzed using the rate-all-that-apply descriptive method. The result showed that the shallots contained a high content of glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid. Based on fresh weight, Batu Ijo was significantly different than the other cultivars which comprised Tajuk, Rubaru, Bauji, Super Philip and Bima Brebes. Clustering based on amino acid profiles of the fresh bulb, they were divided into three groups. The first group consisted only Bauji, and the second group consisted of Rubaru, Batu Ijo, Super Philip and Tajuk, the third group was only Bima Brebes. Based on the sensory characteristics of fried shallots, they were divided into three groups. The first group comprised of Bauji and Tajuk, the second group comprised of Rubaru alone, and the third group comprised of Batu Ijo, Super Philip, and Bima Brebes. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, and glycine have a significant positive correlation with a sweet taste of fried shallot, indicated that amino acids profile is an important parameter for shallot flavor.

Valuation of costs and change in returns of seedling technology and shallot planting distance: A case study in Grobogan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

The increasing rate of shallot production of Central Java Province for the last ten years was lower than the national rate, indicated the need for new technology development. The study aims to determine the economic feasibility of the newly seedling planting technique in three planting distances (10 x 10 cm, 10 x 15 cm, and 15 x 15 cm). In that case, farmers use seed bulbs. The research was carried out in Padang Village, Tanggungharjo Subdistrict, Grobogan Regency, from August to October 2018. Financial analysis, consisting of BCR, MBCR, break-even point of both production and price, and competitive advantage of the techniques were analyzed. The results showed that the newly seedling technologies and planting distance were able to increase the productivity of shallots ranging from 12,685 to 21,088 kg. At the price of shallot bulbs at IDR 10,000 per kg, 10x10 cm planting distance resulted in the highest profit (IDR 180,790,100/ha). It was much higher compared to the farmers' technology (IDR 9,299,000/ha). Based on break-even point analysis, seedling planting technology has a tolerance limit of production and prices decreasing between 67.24% to 71.44% compared to existing technology (16.03%). Seedling planting technology has a competitive advantage with a net profit ratio of 13.76 to 19.44 and a minimum selling price of IDR 3,239 to IDR 3,622 to obtain the same profit as existing technology. Thus, the technology of planting shallot seedlings at a spacing of 10 x 10 cm is recommended to increase the production and profits of shallot farming.

Valuation of costs and change in returns of seedling technology and shallot planting distance: A case study in Grobogan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

The increasing rate of shallot production of Central Java Province for the last ten years was lower than the national rate, indicated the need for new technology development. The study aims to determine the economic feasibility of the newly seedling planting technique in three planting distances (10 x 10 cm, 10 x 15 cm, and 15 x 15 cm). In that case, farmers use seed bulbs. The research was carried out in Padang Village, Tanggungharjo Subdistrict, Grobogan Regency, from August to October 2018. Financial analysis, consisting of BCR, MBCR, break-even point of both production and price, and competitive advantage of the techniques were analyzed. The results showed that the newly seedling technologies and planting distance were able to increase the productivity of shallots ranging from 12,685 to 21,088 kg. At the price of shallot bulbs at IDR 10,000 per kg, 10x10 cm planting distance resulted in the highest profit (IDR 180,790,100/ha). It was much higher compared to the farmers' technology (IDR 9,299,000/ha). Based on break-even point analysis, seedling planting technology has a tolerance limit of production and prices decreasing between 67.24% to 71.44% compared to existing technology (16.03%). Seedling planting technology has a competitive advantage with a net profit ratio of 13.76 to 19.44 and a minimum selling price of IDR 3,239 to IDR 3,622 to obtain the same profit as existing technology. Thus, the technology of planting shallot seedlings at a spacing of 10 x 10 cm is recommended to increase the production and profits of shallot farming.

Increasing true shallot seed bulbs weight through manure application

The Government has made efforts to increase shallot production through the use of shallot seeds. The problem is, information about the technology components of shallot cultivation from seeds is still limited. This research aimed to get the right dose of manure to increase the weight of shallot bulbs in seeds. The research was conducted in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 6 treatments of cow dung (0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, 15 t/ha, 20 t/ha, and 25 t/ha) each with 4 replications. Manure dose treatment had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves per clump, number of tillers per bulb, bulb diameter, wet biomass weight, and dry bulb weight. A significant positive correlation was obtained between the manure dose and all components of the observation, except bulb shrinkage. Other than that, the addition of manure as much as 1,000 kg/ha, can increase the weight of wet biomass by 524.1 kg/ha and the weight of dry bulbs by 293.4 kg/ha. Cultivation of shallots using seeds is profitable when using manure of more than 5 t/ha, identified by RCR> 1. The results of this study suggest increasing the yield of shallot bulbs from seeds by using cow dung as much as 10-25 t/ha. Facilitation of shallot seeds (TSS) from the Government is needed so that farmers have easy access to seeds to develop shallots in the future.

Metabolite profile of two Allium cepa L. aggregatum group cultivars by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Abstract. Basundari FRA, Sulistyaningsih E, Murti RH, Nuringtyas TR. 2021. Metabolite profile of two Allium cepa L. aggregatum group cultivars by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Biodiversitas 22: 3127-3135. Shallot, an Allium species with high economic value, is widely cultivated in Indonesia. The species includes numerous cultivars with unique characteristics, such as harvesting time, yield, taste, odor, and bulb color. Tuk Tuk and Trisula, the cultivars used in this experiment, have different bulb colors. Tuk Tuk’s bulb color is light red, while that of Trisula is dark red. This color difference may be attributed to variations in the metabolite contents of the shallot bulbs. The present experiment aimed to reveal differences in the metabolite contents of the two shallot cultivars by using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and then determine the specific metabolites contributing to these differences. Bulbs of Tuk Tuk and Trisula were planted in the field under the same conditions and then collected. The bulb samples were powdered, freeze-dried, and subjected to a two-phase extraction method with CDCl3 and D2O as solvents to separate the nonpolar metabolites from polar ones. The extracts were analyzed by 1H-NMR, and the spectra collected were analyzed using MNOVA software and Metaboanalyst.ca. A total of 23 metabolites were successfully identified and characterized in this experiment. The contents of eight of these metabolites, namely, sucrose, glutamine, citric acid, choline, methiin, propiin, threonine, and formic acid, were significantly higher in Trisula than in Tuk Tuk. These differences may be correlated with variations in the color intensity, pungency, and other traits of the cultivars. The results demonstrate that NMR metabolite profiling could effectively differentiate metabolite profile variations among shallot cultivars.

Detection and identification of Aphelenchoides fragariae nematodes on shallot bulbs in Bogor, West Java, Brebes Central Java, and Nganjuk, East Java

Shallot is one of the most important horticultural commodities in Indonesia. Aphelenchoides fragariae is the major parasitic nematode of shallots and is listed as a quarantine pest with limited distribution. The nematode was detected on shallot bulbs at several traditional markets in Bogor but has not been reported present on shallot plantation. This research aims to detect and identify A. fragariae on shallot bulbs. Shallot bulbs were sampled from Bogor (West Java), Brebes (Central Java), and Nganjuk (East Java). Morphological identification was carried out by following the standard taxonomic for the Aphelenchoides genus (Aphelenchoididae). Morphometric indications were based on de Man’s formula. The result showed that A. fragariae was found on shallot bulbs from Bogor, Brebes, and Nganjuk. Female of A. fragariae has a slender body, and off-set lip characteristic distinguishes it from other nematodes. The stylet was invisible, but the metacorpus (median bulb) was visible and full rounded, Tail elongate conoid with a single mucro. Morphometric: female, n = 20, L = 312.2 – 550.5, a = 20.0 – 33.9, b = 7.0 – 12.0, c = 3.9 – 15.2, V = 34.4 – 84.4, T = 28.8 – 121.3, and stylet 6.8 - 12.0. Male, n = 20, L = 263.6 – 550.5, a = 21.1 – 37.8, b = 7.0 – 14.4, c = 8.4 – 17.1, T = 28.8 – 121.3, and stylet 7.6 -12.5.

Pengaruh Komposisi Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah

Shallot production in Central Sulawesi recorded a decline from 8.651-8.362 tons, between 2017-2018. However, the use of an accurate composition of the planting medium serves as a possible alternative to boost the yield. Also, the introduction of organic matter tends to increase the nutrient content, influence the aeration, and subsequently leads to drainage. This study is aimed at determining the effect of plant media composition on shallot growth and yield. A randomized block design comprising 4 treatments, termed soil composition, husk charcoal, and goat manure. Each treatment was repeated at 5 times to achieve 20 experimental units. The results showed that the plant media composition indicated a significant effect on the parameters of plant height at age 4 and 6 Weeks After Plantings (WAP), quantities of leaves aged 4 WAP, tillers aged 6 WAP as well as tubers per clump. Similar impacts were also reported on plant height at 2 WAP, the number of leaves aged 2 and 6 WAP, fresh tuber weight, tuber diameter, accumulated weight loss, root length, and available moisture content. Furthermore, the addition of husk charcoal and manure at a volume ratio of soil: husk charcoal: manures = 2:1:1, tends to increase the quantities of leaves, tillers, tubers per clump, as well as plant height, fresh tuber weight, and shallot bulb diameter.