Sexual Women Research Articles

Perilaku Seks Beresiko HIV/AIDS Pada Anak Buah Kapal di Pelabuhan Hurnala Tulehu

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an RNA class virus that specifically attacks immunity or the immune system which then causes Acquired Immune Defiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a collection of symptoms of diseases that occur due to a decrease in the immune system caused by HIV. HIV kills patients slowly by infecting blood cells that play a role in the immune system so that these blood cells no longer function. ABK is a group that is a profession with a high level of mobility. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between condom use. The study aims to determine the relationship between attitudes, encouragement of women sex peddlers (WPS), condom use, and length of docking with sex behavior at risk of HIV / AIDS in ABK. The method used is observational analytic, with a cross sectional study design. The population is all crew whose ships dock and/or dock in the area of Hurnal Tulehu Port. Sampling using a simple random sampling method with a sample size of 370 people. The data analysis carried out was univariate and bivariate with chi square test and logistic regression test. The results of the study obtained variables related to sexual behavior at risk of HIV / AIDS were attitude (p = 0.005), WPS drive (p = 0.004), condom use (p = 0.002) and length of docking (p = 0.002. While the variable that is not related to sexual behavior at risk of HIV / AIDS is the variable level of education (p = 0.941). Of all related variables, a logistic regression test was carried out and the results were the variables of condom use that were most associated with HIV/AIDS risk sexual behavior in ABK (p = 0.051). The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between attitudes, WPS encouragement, condom use with and length of berthing ship with sexual behavior at risk of HIV / AIDS in fishermen whose ships dock at Hurnala Tulehu Port.

Comparing Stigma and HIV Outcomes Between Transgender and Cisgender Women Sex Workers Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

Using an intersectionality framework, we compared stigma and HIV care and treatment outcomes across transgender and cisgender women sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic (DR). In 2018-2019, data were collected in Santo Domingo, DR, using interviewer-administered surveys among 211 cisgender women and 100 transgender women. We used t-tests and chi-square tests to examine differences in sex work stigma, HIV stigma, and HIV care and treatment. Transgender participants reported more anticipated HIV stigma (mean=13.61, standard deviation [SD]=2.39) than cisgender participants (mean=12.96, SD=2.21; p=0.018), but there were no statistically significant differences for internalized or enacted HIV stigma. Cisgender participants reported more anticipated sex work stigma (cisgender: mean=50.00, SD=9.22; transgender: mean=44.02, SD=9.54; p<0.001), but transgender women reported more enacted (cisgender: mean=49.99, SD=9.11; transgender: mean=59.93, SD=4.89; p<0.001) and internalized sex work stigma (cisgender: mean=50.00, SD=8.80; transgender: mean=57.84, SD=8.34; p<0.001), with no significant differences in resistance to sex work stigma. Cisgender women were significantly more likely to have received HIV care (cisgender: 99.53%, transgender: 91.00%, p<0.001), be currently taking antiretroviral therapy (cisgender: 96.21%, transgender: 84.00%, p<0.001), and be virally suppressed (cisgender: 76.19%, transgender: 64.00%, p=0.025). Transgender participants consistently had poorer HIV care and treatment outcomes compared with cisgender participants. Differences in stigma experiences between transgender and cisgender participants depended on the type of stigma. Findings reflect the intersectional nature of distinct types and forms of stigma among sex workers. Understanding the shared and unique experiences of transgender and cisgender women will improve HIV care engagement and viral suppression.

(008) Psychosexual, Relational and Clinical Correlates of Orgasmic Function and Female Orgasm Disorder in Women Consulting for Sexual Symptoms

Abstract Introduction Female Orgasm Disorder and its risk factors are still under-investigated. Objective To describe the psychological, relational and clinical correlates of orgasmic function during partnered sexual activity in women consulting for sexual symptoms. Methods In an observational retrospective study, we collected data from a consecutive sample of 430 heterosexual, sexually active women (mean age 46±12.9 years) consulting for sexual symptoms. All patients underwent a structured interview and a physical, gynecologic and laboratory examination; they completed a series of validated questionnaires, including the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ), the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT-A and BUT-B), the Sexual Inhibition/Excitation Scale (SIS/SES), and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Results 268 subjects (62%) reported a persistent distressing decrease of the frequency of orgasm for at least six months. Among them, 93 (22% of the whole sample) reported a mild decrease, 91 (21%) a severe decrease, and 19% reported anorgasmia. Nine women described Anorgasmia as lifelong. The severe decrease of orgasm frequency during partnered sexual activity was associated with the inability to reach orgasm with masturbation (p=0.009). After adjusting for age and menopausal status, the FSFI Orgasm (FSFI-O) domain was negatively associated with MHQ total score (p=0.001), an index of general psychopathology, and with body image concerns, explored through both BUT-A and BUT-B global measures. The stronger correlation emerged with the BUT-A Avoidance subscale (p=0.005). Among other psychological parameters, significant, negative correlations were observed between FSFI-O and a reported diagnosis of psychiatric disease, including mood disorders (p=0.001), use of antidepressants (p=0.001), chronic stress (p=0.002), and familiar conflicts (p=0.008). Noteworthy, no correlation was observed between FSFI-O and Inhibition/Excitation measures. When exploring sexual and relational parameters, we found that women displaying higher FSFI-O scores were more likely to be engaged in a stable sexual relationship (p=0.003), to report at least three sexual encounters per month (p&amp;lt;0.001) and lack of marital conflict (p=0.004). Among sexual dysfunctions in the male partner, as perceived by the woman, only low desire showed a clear negative correlation with FSFI-O (p=0.002). FSFI-O was also positively correlated with the Dyadic Satisfaction (p&amp;lt;0.001) and the Dyadic Cohesion subscales (p=0.032). Finally, when considering clinical parameters, women with a history of endometriosis (p=0.008), genitourinary disorders (i.e., recurrent vulvovaginitis or urinary tract infections; p=0.027), urinary incontinence (0.017) and pelvic surgery (i.e. hysterectomy; p=0.017) reported significantly lower FSFI-O scores. FSFI-O was not correlated with metabolic or hormonal laboratory parameters, including estradiol, prolactin or testosterone levels. When considering the diagnosis of severe FOD, the main clinical risk factors were psychiatric diseases (OR 1.566, CI 1.034;2.370), past Unwanted sexual experiences (OR 1.679, CI 1.109;2.541), urinary incontinence (OR 1.644, CI 1.132;1.387) and past pelvic surgery (OR 1.710, CI 1.129;2.591). Conclusions Orgasmic function was correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, use of antidepressants, body image concerns, marital conflicts and low partner’s desire, independently of age and menopausal status. Risk factors for severe FOD were psychiatric diseases, abuse history, urinary incontinence and past pelvic surgery. Disclosure No

Factors associated with PrEP knowledge and intention to use PrEP among HIV-negative men and trans women sex workers in Spain

ABSTRACT Lack of data regarding knowledge and intention to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among sex workers exists in Spain. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis based on data from SexCohort study, which included male (MSW) and trans women sex workers (TWSW), aged ≥18 and recruited in two community-based centres in Barcelona, Spain. Of 116 TWSW and 79 MSW, 49.1% and 58.2% had factual knowledge of PrEP, and 40.3% and 70.1% had the intention to use PrEP, respectively. In the multivariable analyses, we found that education and condomless anal sex with stable partners were associated with PrEP knowledge. Regarding intention to use PrEP, TWSW were less likely than MSW to report an intention to use it (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16–0.74). Furthermore, intention to use PrEP was associated with being foreign-born, practicing chemsex, and visiting a medical service in the last 12 months. The results of this study inform future trans-specific guidance for PrEP to be effectively implemented in Spain.

Epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China, 2004-2020

Objective: To analyze the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China from 2004 to 2020, understand the high-incidence population and hotspot areas, and provide evidences to develop more targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: The descriptive epidemiological method and spatial analysis method were applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China during this period by using the surveillance data collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: A total of 202 991 cases of typhoid fever were reported in China from 2004 to 2020. More cases occurred in men than in women (sex ratio: 1.18∶1). Most cases were reported in adults aged 20-59 years (53.60%). The incidence rate of typhoid fever decreased from 2.54/100 000 in 2004 to 0.38/100 000 in 2020. The highest incidence rate was reported in young children aged <3 years after 2011, ranging from 1.13/100 000 to 2.78/100 000, and during this period the proportion of cases in this age group increased from 3.48% to 15.59%. The proportion of the cases in the elderly aged ≥60 years increased from 6.46% in 2004 to 19.34% in 2020. The hotspot areas existed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan Provinces and expanded to Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Fujian Provinces. A total of 86 226 paratyphoid fever cases were reported from 2004 to 2020, the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.21∶1. Most cases were reported in adults aged 20-59 years (59.80%). The incidence rate of paratyphoid fever decreased from 1.26/100 000 in 2004 to 0.12/100 000 in 2020. The highest incidence rate of paratyphoid fever was in young children aged <3 years after 2007, ranging from 0.57/100 000 to 1.19/100 000, and during this period the proportion of the cases in this age group increased from 1.48% to 30.92%. The proportion of the cases in the elderly aged ≥60 years increased from 4.52% in 2004 to 22.28% in 2020. The hotspot areas expanded to the east, including Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces, from Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Guangxi Provinces. Conclusions: The results showed a low level of incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China with a trend of decreasing per year. The hotspots were mainly in the of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan Provinces, with an expanding trend to eastern China. It is necessary to strengthen the typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever prevention and control in southwestern China, among young children aged <3 years and the elderly aged ≥60 years.

Fish Trade Futures: Counter-Archives and Sex Worker Worlds at the Margins of St. John's Harbour

Abstract: This article imagines the sociohistorical lives of trans women (and) sex workers in Ktaqmkuk (Newfoundland) as deeply entangled with ecological relations of so-called Canada's Atlantic coast—particularly the cultural and economic politics of fish trade at St. John's Harbour. Feeling fishy, a trace of transfeminine sex worker expressive culture and vernacular performance, comes to signify an evocative autoethnographic approach to trans sex worker research-creation at the water's edge. Poetic, illustrative, and sculptural play as both counter-archival worldmaking and critical address here emphasize power in creative approaches to trans and sex worker history and folkloristics. Building on art and scholarship immersed in transness and Newfoundland folklore, with mermaids and oceanic beings as guides, I explore trans and sex worker embodiments, desires, and subjectivities in marginal geographic zones. With/holding becomes a way to question the legitimacy of White settler colonial gestures toward extraction, curation, and preservation practices.

Fish Trade Futures: Counter-Archives and Sex Worker Worlds at the Margins of St. John's Harbour

Abstract: This article imagines the sociohistorical lives of trans women (and) sex workers in Ktaqmkuk (Newfoundland) as deeply entangled with ecological relations of so-called Canada's Atlantic coast—particularly the cultural and economic politics of fish trade at St. John's Harbour. Feeling fishy, a trace of transfeminine sex worker expressive culture and vernacular performance, comes to signify an evocative autoethnographic approach to trans sex worker research-creation at the water's edge. Poetic, illustrative, and sculptural play as both counter-archival worldmaking and critical address here emphasize power in creative approaches to trans and sex worker history and folkloristics. Building on art and scholarship immersed in transness and Newfoundland folklore, with mermaids and oceanic beings as guides, I explore trans and sex worker embodiments, desires, and subjectivities in marginal geographic zones. With/holding becomes a way to question the legitimacy of White settler colonial gestures toward extraction, curation, and preservation practices.

Prostitution in America’s industrial and progressive eras: a “dirty work” perspective on creating positive self-identities

Purpose Dirty workers occupy jobs and perform tasks that are unpleasant and considered distasteful or “tainted” to other members of society. However, while they experience challenges in managing stigma, they are generally successful in creating positive self-identities. Among these dirty jobs is prostitution. As dirty workers, women sex workers in American history have been treated with humor, ridicule and derision. This study aims to explain the social contexts and the limited economic choices these women faced and examine how they may have managed their dirty work’s stigma to create positive self-identities. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses primary and secondary sources to examine a 53-year period of American history and to frame these women’s stigma management within a “dirty work” perspective. Findings The author suggests that sex workers in riskier roles (e.g. street walkers, crib workers or “upstairs girls” in saloons) would have been less able to effectively manage stigma and create positive self-identities as compared to brothels workers, due to the brothel’s strong social support, healthier work culture and richer resources. Social implications While sex work has changed significantly in the past century, the principles of identity management in this difficult and dirty work remain. Understanding the economic, social and individual challenges faced by these dirty workers will aid our understanding of the difficulties confronted by today’s sex workers. Originality/value Sex work is nearly absent from scholarly management literature. The lack of historical perspective and knowledge in this field limits a full understanding of how various types of dirty workers manage stigma.

Regulation of female sexual behavior and possibilities of drug therapy

Female sexual behavior is under the complex influence of psycho-emotional, neuroendocrine and social factors. The realization of normal sexual activity in women is possible if many conditions are met and, first of all, ensuring a positive psycho-emotional background, safety, a satisfactory state of health, as well as comfortable interpersonal relationships for most women. In addition to significant psychological and social impact, accumulated modern scientific data confirm the important role of neuro-hormonal regulation of sexual behavior and suggest the potential effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. Unfortunately, however, medical strategies for correcting female sexual disorders are limited. Currently, in some countries, several drugs that increase female sexual activity are allowed for use, however, all of them are not registered and are not approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation. The article briefly describes the neural mechanisms of the main areas of the central nervous system underlying receptivity and sexual attraction, namely the olfactory and limbic systems, the neocortex. The main attention is paid to the function of neurotransmitters and hormones that are critically involved in the modulation of emotions and sexual behavior, including the inhibitory mediator of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), estrogens, testosterone, and the excitatory mediator glutamate. The stages of development, the results of experimental and clinical studies to assess the effectiveness and safety of the unique Russian neuropeptide drug Desirex, which is a stimulant of sexual behavior due to the mechanism of reversible suppression of the GABAergic system, nonspecific stimulation of the dopaminergic system of motivation and reinforcement of positive emotions and disinhibition of the controlling function of the neocortex, are presented in detail.

Trans Women’s Body Self-Image and Health: Meanings and Impacts of Sex Work

This paper aims to present and discuss the results of a qualitative study conducted in the city of Porto, Portugal, aiming to understand the self-determination process and the meanings and impacts of sex work on trans women’s body self-image and health. Between January and July 2019, six individual interviews were performed with participants aged between 23 and 57 and then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results suggest that the participants were subjected to several experiences of discrimination and violence since childhood, negatively impacting their health and social integration. In their narratives, a conflict between the idea of an idealized body, congruent with gender identity, and the idea of a profitable body, compatible with the requirements of sex work clients, emerged. As a consequence, several tensions are experienced, both in personal and professional domains. Additionally, the difficulties felt in accessing the National Health System, to receive specialized support and treatment, increase the risk of being exposed to clandestine procedures, which exacerbates their vulnerability. The findings point to the importance of comprehending trans women sex workers’ needs and reanalyzing how their health conditions might be improved.

Housing Instability and Evictions Linked to Elevated Intimate Partner and Workplace Violence Among Women Sex Workers in Vancouver, Canada: Findings of a Prospective, Community-Based Cohort, 2010-2019.

Objectives. To model the relationship of unstable housing and evictions with physical and sexual violence perpetrated against women sex workers in intimate and workplace settings. Methods. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to model the association of unstable housing exposure and evictions with intimate partner violence (IPV) and workplace violence among a community-based longitudinal cohort of cisgender and transgender women sex workers in Vancouver, Canada, from 2010 through 2019. Results. Of 946 women, 85.9% experienced unstable housing, 11.1% eviction, 26.2% IPV, and 31.8% workplace violence. In multivariable generalized estimating equation models, recent exposure to unstable housing (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45, 2.87) and evictions (AOR = 2.45; 95% CI = 0.99, 6.07) were associated with IPV, and exposure to unstable housing was associated with workplace violence (AOR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.06, 2.00). Conclusions. Women sex workers face a high burden of unstable housing and evictions, which are linked to increased odds of intimate partner and workplace violence. Increased access to safe, women-centered, and nondiscriminatory housing is urgently needed. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(4):442-452. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307207).

Prevalence and structural correlates of HIV and STI testing among a community-based cohort of women sex workers in Vancouver Canada.

In light of the stark inequities in HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) experienced by women sex workers, empirical evidence is needed to inform accessible and sex worker-friendly models of voluntary, confidential and non-coercive HIV and STI testing. We evaluated the prevalence and structural correlates of HIV/STI testing in the last 6 months in a large, community-based cohort of women sex workers in Vancouver, Canada. Data were drawn from an open community-based open cohort of women sex workers (January 2010-August 2021) working across diverse street, indoor, and online environments in Vancouver, Canada. Using questionnaire data collected by experiential (sex workers) and community-based staff, we measured prevalence and used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to model correlates of recent HIV/STI testing at enrollment. Of 897 participants, 37.2% (n = 334) identified as Indigenous, 31.4% as Women of Color/Black (n = 282), and 31.3% (n = 281) as White. At enrollment, 45.5% (n = 408) reported HIV testing, 44.9% (n = 403) reported STI testing, 32.6% (n = 292) reported receiving both HIV and STI testing, and 57.9% (n = 519) had received an HIV and/or STI test in the last 6 months. In adjusted multivariable analysis, women accessing sex worker-led/specific services had higher odds of recent HIV/STI testing, (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.91, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.33-2.75), whereas Women of Color and Black women (AOR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.28-0.98) faced significantly lower odds of recent HIV/STI testing. Scaling-up community-based, sex worker-led and tailored services is recommended to enhance voluntary, confidential, and safe access to integrated HIV/STI testing, particularly for Women of Color and Black Women. Culturally safe, multilingual HIV/STI testing services and broader efforts to address systemic racism within and beyond the health system are needed to reduce inequities and promote safe engagement in services for racialized sex workers.

Association between foetal sex and adverse neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes.

Foetal male sex is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. However, studies evaluating the impact of foetal sex on perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) are scarce. We studied whether male new-born sex is associated with neonatal outcomes, in women with GDM. This is a retrospective study based on the national Portuguese register of GDM. All women with live-born singleton pregnancies between 2012 and 2017 were eligible for study inclusion. Primary endpoints under analysis were neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal macrosomia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. We excluded women with missing data on the primary endpoint. Pregnancy data and neonatal outcomes between female and male new-borns were compared. Multivariate logistic regression models were built. We studied 10,768 new-borns in mothers with GDM, 5635 (52.3%) male, 438 (4.1%) had neonatal hypoglycaemia, 406 (3.8%) were macrosomic, 671 (6.2%) had RDS, and 671 (6.2%) needed NICU admission. Male new-borns were more frequently small or large for gestational age. No differences were observed on maternal age, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin, anti-hyperglycaemic treatment, pregnancy complications or gestational age at delivery. In the multivariate regression analysis, male sex was independently associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia [OR 1.26 (IC 95%: 1.04-1.54), p = 0.02], neonatal macrosomia [1.94 (1.56-2.41), p < 0.001], NICU admission [1.29 (1.07-1.56), p = 0.009], and RDS [1.35 (1.05-1.73, p = 0.02]. Male new-borns have an independent 26% higher risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia, 29% higher risk of NICU admission, 35% higher risk of RDS, and almost twofold higher risk of macrosomia, compared to female new-borns.

Psychological impact of workplace violence towards nurses in the emergency department

IntroductionGrowing attention has been drawn to workplace violence in healthcare settings and toward healthcare workers. Emergency departments have always been vulnerable to workplace violence since its is usually associated to working with people in extreme distress. Healthcare workers facing numbers of situation with either verbal or physical abuse may face an impact on their mental health.ObjectivesDescribe the psychological impact of workplace violence towards nurses in the emergency departmentMethodsThis is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study including nurses working in the emergency department of different hospitals of Tunis. The respondents’ data were collected from March 2022 to September 2022.ResultsWe included 164 nurses. They were mainly women (Sex ratio of 0.6) with a median of age was 30.7±7.6 years. Nineteen nurses had history of one or more mental disorders such as anxiety disorder (12 cases) and depressive disorder (11 cases). All nurses were victim of workplace violence, while most (104 nurses) were witness to at least one act of violence. Study population had different degrees of concern about safety in workplace, 29.8% had little to no concern while 29,9% were mildly concerned and 40.2% were severely concerned for which they felt their security compromised (14.6% often and 12.2% always). Violence in workplace had consequences on the quality of their service for 26.8% of nurses. Many (49.4%) felt prejudice on their mental health contrasting with little resort (14%) to mental health providers. Number of nurses presented nightmares (44 cases), avoidance (56 cases) or flashbacks (48 cases) about workplace violence. Psychosomatic symptoms were described by most of the study population (58.5%) such as throbbing (46 cases), nervousness (56 cases), aches (23 cases), fatigue (29 cases) or non-specific digestive signs (17 cases).ConclusionsWorkplace violence in emergency departments, first interface of the care chain, is a real problem with serious consequences. Healthcare workers are forced to provide care in situations that compromise their health and safety. Implementing a national action plan is essential in order to address this dangerous phenomenon.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Women's sexual activity and experiences following female genital fistula surgery.

Surgical repair has a transformative impact on the lives of women affected by female genital fistula; however, various physical, social, and economic challenges may persist postrepair and prevent complete reengagement in relationships and communities. Nuanced investigation of these experiences is needed to inform programming that aligns with women's reintegration needs. We investigated the sexual activity resumption, experiences, and concerns of women in Uganda during the year following genital fistula repair surgery. Women were recruited from Mulago Hospital between December 2014 and June 2015. We collected data at baseline and 4 times postsurgery about sociodemographic characteristics and physical/psychosocial status; we also assessed sexual interest and satisfaction twice. We performed in-depth interviews with a subset of participants. We analyzed quantitative findings via univariate analyses, and qualitative findings were coded and analyzed thematically. We assessed sexual readiness, fears, and challenges following surgical repair of female genital fistula using quantitative and qualitative measures of sexual activity, pain with sex, sexual interest/disinterest, and sexual satisfaction/dissatisfaction. Among the 60 participants, 18% were sexually active at baseline, which decreased to 7% postsurgery and increased to 55% at 1 year after repair. Dyspareunia was reported by 27% at baseline and 10% at 1 year; few described leakage during sex or vaginal dryness. Qualitative findings showed wide variance of sexual experiences. Some reported sexual readiness quickly after surgery, and some were not ready after 1 year. For all, fears included fistula recurrence and unwanted pregnancy. These findings suggest that postrepair sexual experiences vary widely and intersect meaningfully with marital and social roles following fistula and repair. In addition to physical repair, ongoing psychosocial support is needed for comprehensive reintegration and the restoration of desired sexuality.

‘I didn’t want to be noticed’: discrimination and violence among LGBTQ + youth experiencing homelessness

This qualitative study documents incidents of discrimination and violence among LGBTQ + youth experiencing homelessness along with their adaptation strategies. Using intersectionality theory, this analysis is based on individual interviews conducted with 17 LGBTQ + youth experiencing homelessness aged 17 to 25. According to their stories, LGBTQ + youth experienced various types of discrimination and violence in the context of homelessness. Youth report anticipating and experiencing physical and psychological violence from passersby in public spaces, causing them to hide from the gaze of others. They also report that police profiling of racialized youth and young women sex workers leads these youth to avoid confrontational interactions with the police. Some youth mention that landlords and employers discriminate against them based on their ethnicity and gender expression, requiring them to have contingency plans for housing and employment. Lastly, many LGBTQ + youths report hiding information about being bisexual, being trans or doing sex work to avoid prejudice and rejection from their intimate partners. The results show that heterosexist, cisgenderism, sexist and racist discrimination and violence amplify the social exclusion of LGBTQ + youth who are already marginalized due to their homelessness.

PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN ANALISIS GENDER DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

This study aims to determine the educational approach in analyzing gender. The research method uses qualitative research with a library approach. For the approach to the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an using thematic interpretations or maudu'i interpretations. Gender analysis is a tool for analyzing data and information in uncovering the positions, roles, functions and responsibilities of women and men, identifying influencing factors and impacts that occur as a result of acculturation in life and society. In the Qur'an to be able to analyze gender, you can use an approach by knowing sex and gender. Sex is the sexes of men and women, while gender is a concept used to interpret men and women in terms of roles and functions in the order of life. The framework used in gender analysis is using the Harvard framework (role dan economic approach), Moser Analysis (Development and Gender Approach), SWOT analysis (Strengthen, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat), Longwe Framework Analysis (Empowerment Framework), and Social Relations analysis (Social welfare)

Increasing trends and incidence of nonfatal overdose among women sex workers who use drugs in British Columbia: The role of criminalization-related barriers to harm reduction

BackgroundStructurally marginalized women who use drugs experience disproportionately elevated health and social inequities that require specialized responses to mitigate risk of overdose. This study aimed to longitudinally investigate incidence and predictors of first nonfatal overdose among women sex workers who use drugs. MethodsData (2010–2019) were drawn from AESHA (An Evaluation of Sex Workers Health Access), a community-based, prospective, open cohort of > 900 women sex workers in Metro Vancouver, Canada. Incidence was examined and Cox regression modelled time-updated predictors of first nonfatal overdose. Time series analysis examined annual trends. ResultsAmong 273 eligible participants, 23% (n = 63) reported a first nonfatal overdose over follow-up with an incidence density of 5.87/100 person-years. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of time to nonfatal overdose were police-related barriers to harm reduction (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [AHR]=2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–4.54), binge alcohol use (AHR=2.28; 95%CI 1.16–4.45), opioid use (AHR=2.23; 95%CI 1.15–4.33), and crystal methamphetamine use (AHR=2.07; 95%CI 1.27–3.39). Time series analysis demonstrated a significantly increasing trend in first nonfatal overdose, with annual proportions increasing 0.59% (95%CI 0.39–0.78%) every year, on average. ConclusionsThis study provides strong longitudinal evidence from the longest-standing cohort of sex workers in North America. Nonfatal overdose in this setting is a critical public health concern. Criminalization-related barriers to harm reduction strongly predicted nonfatal overdose. Structural changes to legal and policing practices alongside gender-sensitive addiction services are urgently needed.

Poverty, Psychological Distress, and Suicidality Among Gay Men and Transgender Women Sex Workers During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Phuket, Thailand.

Thai gay men and transgender women (GM&TGW) sex workers are more likely to suffer from economic harm since the sex tourism industry in Thailand has been hit hard by the Covid-19 pandemic. They also are more likely to experience poverty and mental health issues subsequent to the pandemic as minority groups in conservative Thai society. While their highly problematic social and economic situation would predict a wide range of psychological issues, little is known about their mental health. Hence, this study examined the prevalence and symptom severity of psychological distress among the group as well as the associations between suicidal ideation, poverty, and psychological distress. Two hundred seventy questionnaire responses were collected online via Google forms in Phuket in 2021. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Smart-PLS. Based on the results, most respondents had experienced mild to extremely severe symptoms of psychological distress. However, transgender women sex workers scored higher on depression and anxiety compared to gay men sex workers. This study confirmed the prominent associations between the study variables and the mediation effect of psychological distress. Poverty resulting from the pandemic imposes a substantial human cost for this vulnerable minority beyond the virus itself as it amplifies mental health problems. The findings further extend our awareness of the discriminatory treatment of Thai GM&TGW sex workers and address a gap in Thai law and policy for prohibiting discrimination against them. It is of urgent necessity for Thai public health and tourism policymakers to establish sound support interventions.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF APPENDICULAR SPECIMEN OVER A PERIOD OF 2 YEARS

Background:Pathologic evaluation of the appendix after appendectomy is routine and can occasionally identify unexpected findings. Objective:The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence and type of pathologic diagnoses found in appendectomy specimens at our institution. Material and Methods:The clinicopathological data of 386 patients who underwent appendectomies for presumed acute appendicitis from January 2021 to december 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 220 men and 166 women (sex ratio M/F=1.3) aged between 5years and 65 years. All patients underwent appendectomy (either open or laparoscopic). Conclusion:The routine histopathological examination of the appendix is of value for identifying unsuspected conditions requiring further postoperative management.Gross examination alone does not appear to be a good indicator of an unexpected finding on microscopicexamination. It is recommended that in order to avoid misdiagnoses, all appendices should be histopathologically examined.