Sexual Life Of Women Research Articles

Complex methods to assess complex problems: using Natural Language Processing to explore Health Related Qualitiy of Life in endometriosis

Background and Objectives: Endometriosis is a benign, although chronic painful condition that represents a major burden in women’s life, affecting all the domains of their health related quality of life (HRQL). The objective of this work is to conduct a Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews assessing HRQL of women with endometriosis, and to test a methodology based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) to assess factors associated with losses of HRQL linked with the most relevant clinical symptoms that women with endometriosis experience: pain and dyspareunia.Methods:We extracted free text from articles included in the Systematic Reviews with 'Pain' and 'dyspareunia' as keywords, and we used NLP to identify their occurrences, grammatical variants and meaningful context words. Our model used a word2vec skip-gram approach to predict context following our keywords.Results: Text data included 6,430 context words corresponding to 1,655 unique words in the 17 different systematic reviews that were included for review.Conclusions: The method we have tested using NLP has demonstrated to be valid to capture the complexity of issues that surround endometriosis and affects women´s HRQL. Among the diversity of symptoms that women with endometriosis experience, chronic pelvic pain has the highest impact on their HRQL. Pain affects their physical health, but also the social and functioning dimensions of women’s life. Painful intercourse has also a significant impact on the sexual life of women with endometriosis, and disturbing the emotional wellbeing of women. HRQL is also affected by the clinical complexities of endometriosis, the difficulties to reach to a diagnosis as well as to provide women with effective medical care. Different measurements, instruments and approaches have been proposed to measure HRQL in endometriosis, but it seems necessary the use of common instruments to facilitate comparisons across studies.

The Impact of Infertility on the Sexual Life of Infertile Women in Enugu, South East Nigeria.

Infertility is a common gynecological problem in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. It tends to affect the sexual life of couples and may affect their quality of life. The study was aimed to assess the impact of infertility on the sexual life of women with infertility seeking care in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. A questionnaire-based, multicenter cross-sectional study of women with infertility managed at the Gynecology units of the two government-owned tertiary hospitals in Enugu over a 2 months period. The relevant data were obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Three hundred and sixty female respondents participated in the study. Their mean age was 35.23 ± 5.7 years. The majority of them were married (98.3%) and attained a tertiary level of education (69%). The number of respondents that reported adequate sexual intercourse dropped from 33.9% before the diagnosis of infertility to 12.2% after the diagnosis. Almost two-thirds of the respondents (65%) reported that they no longer enjoy sex with their husband/partner, whereas 38.9% of them feel they were no longer attracted to their partners. Infertility seems to have a negative effect on the sexual life of women. Addressing this identified negative effect may improve the outcome of infertility management and also may improve the quality of life of women with infertility in the region.

The Effect of Sexual Health Promotion Package on Sexual Life in Women with Multiple Sclerosis: Designed Based on the Results of a Mixed Method Study

The Effect of Sexual Health Promotion Package on Sexual Life in Women with Multiple Sclerosis: Designed Based on the Results of a Mixed Method Study

Sexual and Reproductive Health Challenges of female-headed Households, a Qualitative Study in Iran

Background: Female-headed households are families in which the female is the main provider in the household. The reproductive and sexual health needs of women heads of households have been marginalized due to the high pressures that they endure. Aim: To investigate the Iranian female-supported households' sexual life challenges. Materials: This study was a qualitative study with the content analysis approach that was done amongst women head of household in Alborz, Iran. Sixteen married females participated and were interviewed deeply in a 7 months period in 2020. All interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed in verbatim. Data were collected and recorded and were encoded, then transcript and analyzed. Result: Females recruited in this study were of different socioeconomic levels. On average they have been lived 5 years with their husbands. Five key themes were extracted including unmet sexual needs, role conflict, concern about sexually transmitted diseases, unrestrained sexual activity due to irresponsibility of husbands, and sexual abuse from others under the guise of support. Conclusion: From the results, it could be concluded that not only the reproductive health needs of these women not met, but also these women's sexual life are associated with worry, threats, and discrimination. This requires serious measures to be taken by the authorities and policymakers. Keywords: Female-headed households, Challenges, Reproductive health, Qualitative study.

Faster life history strategy manifests itself by lower age at menarche, higher sexual desire, and earlier reproduction in people with worse health

Factors which indicate lower life expectancy also induce switching to a faster life strategy, that is, a higher investment in current reproduction at the expense of future reproduction and body maintenance. We tested a hypothesis according to which impairment of individual health serves as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy using online-gathered data from 32,911 subjects. Worse health was associated with lower age at menarche and earlier initiation of sexual life in women and higher sexual desire and earlier reproduction in both sexes. Individuals with worse health also exhibited lower sexual activity, lower number of sexual partners, and lower total number of children. These results suggest that impaired health shifts individuals towards a faster life strategy but also has a negative (physiological) effect on behaviours related to sexual life. Signs of a faster life strategy were also found in Rh-negative men in good health, indicating that even just genetic predisposition to worse health could serve as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy. We suggest that improved public health in developed countries and the resulting shift to a slower life strategy could be the ultimate cause of the phenomenon of demographic transition.

Assessment of quality of sexual life in women with adenomyosis

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the impact of adenomyosis (AD) on different domains of sexual life. The study population included three groups: one composed of 68 women diagnosed with AD by transvaginal ultrasound, a second group comprised by 65 women diagnosed with isolated deep infiltrating endometriosis by transvaginal ultrasound and a third group including 70 women without AD or/and endometriosis. All participants completed the Brief Profile of Female Sexual Function (B-PFSF), the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS), and the Sexual Quality of Life-Female (SQOL-F) questionnaire. Compared with non-AD/DIE controls, women with AD present significantly lower scores of the B-PFSF and the SQOL-F questionnaires and higher FSDS questionnaire scores (p < .0001). There were no differences between the groups of AD and deep infiltrating endometriosis. Clinicians should be aware that the quality of sexual life may be affected in patients with AD. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management would contribute to preventing impairment of sexual quality of life in these patients.

Prises en charge médicales et psychologiques de la vie sexuelle des femmes trans : revue de la littérature internationale

ObjectivesTo understand the place of, and the evolutions in, medical and psychological treatment for trans women's sexual health, within the framework of gender transition/affirmation processes. MethodA narrative review of the medical, psychiatric, and psychological literature. After selection, 19 articles were analyzed inductively using grounded theory and classical methods of thematic content analysis. ResultsMost of the articles reviewed establish a relative lack of research on the topic of sexual health and well-being. Sex reassignment surgical treatments significantly increase the quality of sex life for trans women, except when a “neovagina” is constructed. Changes in sexual orientation are not always linked to elements of treatment, but appear to be linked to other psychosocial factors. DiscussionCategories of sexual orientation are as fluid as sexual practices and gender and change over the course of a subject's lifetime. The discursive construction of gender and sexual orientation is located within the singular discourse of a particular individual at a given moment of her evolution. ConclusionsAfter having long been considered a central element in the diagnosis of “transsexualism”, the issues of sexuality and, in particular, of sexual orientation currently appear to be little taken into account by those professionals who accompany trans people on their medical pathway. This absence is strongly criticized by the authors of the main literature reviews that have already been published. They suggest a more serious clinical consideration of trans women's singular sex lives. It is also observed that the practice of genital reassignment surgery no longer occupies the central place it did until recently, and that the question of sexuality is posed independently of anatomical modifications of the genitals.

Quality of Sexual Life in Iranian Women with Diabetes: Psychosocial and Cultural Aspects

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic worldwide disease, and sexual dysfunction is a common complication of this disease. Diabetes and its disabling complications often threaten sexual life. Despite the critical role of the psychosocial and cultural issues in the quality of sexual life in women with diabetes, these aspects have not yet been adequately addressed. This study aimed to explore the psychosocial and cultural aspects of the sexual life quality of women with diabetes in reproductive ages. Purposeful sampling was performed in two diabetes clinics and three physicians' offices in Tehran. After 29 In-depth interviews (25 women with diabetes and four key informants), data saturation was achieved. The qualitative content analysis method by Granheim and Lundman was used for data analysis, and consequently, two themes emerged. The first theme, "The dominant role of sociocultural context," consisted of two categories: "The influence of diabetes stigma on sexual identity" and "preferred silence." The second theme was "The burden of psychological distress on sexual life," which included three categories: "diabetes distress," "distress regarding social and health services unmet needs," and "stress management ability." Preferred silence to sexual problems was identified as the dominant sexual coping strategy of Iranian women with diabetes. This identification is an achievement of this study regarding the first theme. Thus, screening the quality of sexual life in women with diabetes is suggested. According to the second theme, psychological, sexual, and family planning health care integrated with medical diabetes care in diabetes clinics is recommended.

Disability vs the sexual life of women - selected issues

Sex refers to a set of somatic and mental characteristics. The former are determined according to three criteria: gender, external and internal genital organs, and tertiary sex characteristics (breast, specific hair, specific fat distribution, body proportions), the latter distinguish women from men. Every single person experiences problems related to sex - in childhood, adolescence, maturity, old age. In women, these issues are particularly complex at each stage of development. Additionally, during pregnancy, gynaecologists should discuss sexual health with their patients. The sexual health of women with disabilities is a special issue in this respect. Disabilities are a serious social and health problem in both urban and rural agglomerations. Sexual health problems, in the light of these aspects, should also be the task of rural medicine.

Assessment of quality of sexual life in women after breast cancer treatment: about 100 cases

Le cancer du sein est le cancer féminin le plus fréquent. Plusieurs stratégies de traitement sont utilisées : la chimiothérapie, la radiothérapie, la chirurgie et enfin l´hormonothérapie. Chacun de ces traitements est susceptible d´altérer la sexualité des patientes à court ou à long terme. L´objectif de notre étude est d´évaluer la sexualité des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein après traitement. Un devis descriptif quantitatif a été réalisé auprès de 100 patientes suivies pour un cancer mammaire non métastasique en activité sexuelle, rencontrées à la consultation de gynécologie de l´hôpital Farhat Hached de Sousse. La collecte des données a été réalisé par une fiche de renseignement et à l´aide de deux échelles validées : RSS (Relation Ship and Sexuality) et BESAA (Body EsteemScale For Adolescents and Adults) afin d´évaluer la sexualité et l´image du corps. La moyenne d´âge était 53,8 ans. Environ la moitié des patientes (48%), avaient une vie sexuelle altérée par la maladie. La fréquence des rapports, le désir sexuel et la capacité d´atteindre l´orgasme a été diminué respectivement chez 65, 45 et 54 patientes. Le score global des 3 dimensions de l´image du corps était de 49,4. Les femmes âgées entre 35 et 39 ans développaient significativement plus de peur du rapport sexuel (p=0,002) et moindre de fréquence sexuelle (p=0,004). Une formation adéquate et accentuée sur la prise en charge des femmes ayant un cancer ainsi que leurs problèmes sexuels et un travail multidisciplinaire permettent d´améliorer l´état psychologique des femmes.

Anxiety, quality of life, eating behaviors, and sexual life in women with PCOS

Anxiety, quality of life, eating behaviors, and sexual life in women with PCOS

Arguing with Photographs: Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas, and Modernist Political Engagement

Arguing with Photographs:Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas, and Modernist Political Engagement Naomi Toth (bio) In 1931, Virginia Woolf hit on new idea for a book: I have this moment, while having my bath, conceived an entire new book—a sequel to A Room of One's Own—about the sexual life of women: to be called Professions for Women perhaps—Lord, how exciting!1 This new book, soon entitled The Pargiters, was to be an "essaynovel" opening up a new avenue for formal experimentation after the text she was then completing, the "play-poem" The Waves.2 Integrating the world of "fact" into the aesthetic domain, connecting the sexual and professional spheres through the novelistic form, this work also promised to inaugurate a new phase in Woolf's approach to the relationship between literature and society. Yet by 1933 she had abandoned the project; the manuscript's remains were divided up into a novel, which became The Years, and an essay, which became Three Guineas. What went wrong? Tracing the destiny of the manuscript's material reveals that The Pargiters's failure cannot be explained simply as a retrospective recognition of the essay and the novel's generic incompatibility. Nor may it be understood as a return to the "fact" versus "vision" opposition which characterized Woolf's interventions in debates on modern fiction in the 1920s. Rather, it has to do with Woolf's ambivalent attitude to a third term, "argument." For though she refers to The Years as a novel of both "fact" and "vision," she maintains its status as art by siphoning off the analyses [End Page 67] and explanatory discourse of The Pargiters manuscript and channeling it into the essay Three Guineas. As a result, the two texts establish different relationships to consensus: the essay adopts an overtly non-consensual, clearly political stance; the novel, on the other hand, retains an ideal of harmonious unity which, while not exactly affirmed, is nonetheless entertained and advanced, tending to smooth over differences between men and women, soldiers and civilians, belligerents and pacifists. This outcome suggests that the principles of aesthetic autonomy and its attendant drive for cohesion and unity, principles that have been operative since the emergence of the modern institution of literature itself, remain persistent in Woolf's thinking about writing, determining the composition of The Years and Three Guineas, and ensuring that The Pargiters's promise of a new form of literary political engagement went unrealized.3 And yet, an attentive reading of Three Guineas allows us to deconstruct the premises of Woolf's separation of argument from aesthetics. Her engagement with photography, a medium poised on the frontier between the factual and the aesthetic, is key to this move. By analyzing emotional reactions to photographs and the political positions they engender, Three Guineas demonstrates how excluding argument from the presentation of "facts" masks the power stakes at play in representation itself. The essay also implicitly suggests that the same process might be at work in attempts to suppress argument from works of "vision." Woolf's recourse to photography therefore allows her to develop a politicized approach to both "facts" and "vision", providing her readers with the tools to critique the aesthetic autonomy The Years attempts to maintain. In other words, she hands us the arms with which to read her work against itself. This makes Three Guineas, which results from the exclusion of argument from aesthetic "vision," exemplary of the contradictions that traversed the literary avant-garde's relationship to social and political change in the 1930s. Fact, Vision, and Argument In attempting to unite "fact" with "vision," Virginia Woolf reconfigures the terms of the debate over avant-garde poetics she had engaged in during the 1920s, which had seen her pitting "materialist" "realists" interested in "facts" against "spiritual" "moderns" who focused on the "visions" of the "mind."4 Indeed, in the years following World War I, she consistently opposed the "surface" reality of "evidence" and "fact"—a category in which she included sociological detail as well as didacticism—to the "vision" of the "depths" beneath them, beyond external reality.5 The writers she variously labels "materialist," "realist," or "Edwardian," in addition to being prisoners of...

‘Şule Çet İçin Adalet’: Twitter Verisinin Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi Modeli ile İncelenmesi

Kadın cinayetleri sadece Türkiye’de değil dünya çapında çözülmeyi bekleyen önemli bir sorundur. Kadın cinayetleri femicide kavramının Türkçe alanyazın içerisinde kullanılan en yaygın tanımıdır. Kadın cinayeti denildiğinde en basit anlamda kadının sadece kadın olduğu için öldürülmesinin ifadesidir. Bu çalışmada Şule Çet cinayeti ardından mikro-blog olan sosyal paylaşım sitesi Twitter verilerinin geriye dönük olarak taranması ve eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi ile araştırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Şule çet için adalet hastag’i ile oluşturulan mikro-bloğun incelenmesi ve analizleri sonucunda elde edilen bulgular arasında Türkiye’deki adelet sisteminin eril bir adalet olduğu, kadınların cinsel hayatlarının, bekar ve çalışıyor olmalarının, ailelerinde uzak yaşıyor olmalarının, giyim tarzlarının tecavüzü ve cinayeti meşrulaştıran kavramlar olarak görüldüğü sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda geçtiğimiz yıllarda yine Türkiye’de işlenen tecavüz ve cinayetlere göndermeler yapılmış ve adaletin sağlanması için çağrılar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca ayrıcalıklı gruplara uygulanan cinsel tacizler de kınanmıştır.

The quality of sexual life after vaginal surgical interventions

Introduction. The malfunction of the supporting pelvic system generates signs and symptoms that require various procedures. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether vaginal surgical interventions for genital prolapse or urinary incontinence have an impact on patients’ sexual quality of life. Materials and methods. We studied 40 eligible women who underwent vaginal surgical procedures in Saint John Hospital, Bucharest. Patients completed a questionnaire 6 months after the intervention. Results. Patients who underwent vaginal surgery for prolapse were 50-64 years of age. The most frequent vaginal surgical intervention was vaginal hysterectomy (32.5%), followed by anterior and posterior colporaphy (17.5%), and direct cystopexy (15.0%). Regarding their sexual life, 42.5% patients described improvement in sexual life, 22.5% described decreased libido after surgery, and 35% indicated no significant improvement. 57.5% of women indicated that they had no sexual discomfort (57.5%), whereas 27.5% had dyspareunia and 15% had dysuria. There was no negative impact on patients’ male partner quality of sexual intercourse after intervention. Conclusions. Vaginal surgical interventions for genital prolapse or urinary incontinence do not appear to lead to significant alteration of quality of sexual life in women.

The effect of tension-free vaginal tape on coital incontinence concomitant with stress urinary incontinence.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) on coital incontinence concomitant with stress urinary incontinence. TVT was performed on sexually active women diagnosed with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) who also experienced coital incontinence with penetration and/or orgasm. The patient-reported success rate was assessed by the Patient's Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale. The sexual function of the women was evaluated by the fulfilled Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before and after the operations. Eighty-two women underwent the TVT procedure with epidural anesthesia and 80 of them (97%) answered pre-operative and post-operative FSFI questionnaires. In the pre-operative clinical assessment, 48 women (58%) stated they experienced urinary incontinence during penetration, 13 (15%) during orgasm, and 21 (25%) identified it for both. The patient-reported success rate was 86% (71 of 82 patients) according to the PGI-I results: 44 of 48 women (91%) during penetration, nine of 13 (69%) during orgasm, and 18 of 21 (85%) for both. The FSFI scores for sexual desire, lubrication, and sexual arousal domains increased in 57 (71%), 49 (61%), and 44 (55%) patients, respectively, whereas they remained unchanged in 23 (28%), 31 (38%), and 36 (45%) patients. For the orgasm, satisfaction, and pain domains, the results were similar. The mean total FSFI score before the operations was 23.63 ± 6.84 and it significantly increased after surgery to 29.47 ± 4.28 (P < .05). The TVT procedure may offer treatment for coital incontinence accompanying USI. It also provides significant improvement in the sexual lives of women.

Do complaints related to menopause affect sexuality and marital adjustment?

This study was designed to reveal the relationship among the complaints experienced by women in menopausal period, their status of experiencing sexual problems, quality of their sexual life, and marital adjustments. The study included 248 women who have been in menopause for at least 1 year, have sexual partners. The data were collected with Patient Information Form, Menopause Rating Scale, Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised, Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire-Female Scale, and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scales. Urogenital complaints of those with sexual dysfunction were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.002). Marital adjustment total score of those with Menopause Rating Scale score of <20 were statistically significantly higher than those with MRS score of 20 and higher (p = 0.041; p = 0.015). As menopausal symptom severity increased, marital adjustment decreased. The urogenital complaint score in menopause period had a positive correlation with sexual distress and a negative correlation with the quality of sexual life and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) score. As a result of the present study, it was determined that menopause-related complaints affected the quality of sexual life of women and thus their marital adjustment.

Construction of an integrated sexual function questionnaire for women with breast cancer

ObjectiveWith the increasing incidence of breast cancer in young women, its side effects have extended into the sexual lives of women. However, an appropriate tool to measure the sexual function is nonexistent. The aim of this study was to develop a suitable tool to measure sexual function in women with breast cancer. Materials and methodsAfter conducting literature reviews regarding the sexual function characteristics of women with breast cancer, this study designed a set of integrated sexual function questionnaires, which included pertinent information and three scales. The validity of the scales was examined under the guidance of three gender studies experts and two gynecologists who are also professors. Regarding the construct validity, researchers conducted exploratory factor analysis on the measurement results of 196 women with breast cancer. ResultsThe integrated sexual function questionnaires included the following three scales: “Breasts' Role Self-Checklist,” “Scales for Breasts' Role in the Foreplay,” and “Female Sexual Function Scale for BCSs.” The questionnaire tool consisted of the longitudinal time change, patients' and their partners' situation, information related to the recovery process, participants' perspective toward objectification of women's breasts, the role of breasts in foreplay during sexual activities, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, sexual obstacle, and other self-evaluations. We first derived one factor from six questions in “Breasts' Role Self-Checklist” and named it as “The Importance of Breasts for Women.” The other two factors were obtained from eight questions in “Scales for Breasts' Role in the Foreplay” and named as “Sexual Attraction to Breasts” and “Function of Breasts in Foreplay.” In addition, three factors were derived from 16 questions in “Female Sexual Function Scale for BCSs” and named as “Sexual Desire,” “Sexual Satisfaction,” and “Sexual Obstacle.“ ConclusionThis study determined that these integrated scales for breast cancer survivors are suitable due to their content validity, construct validity, and high internal consistency reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of higher than 0.9 for all the three scales.

Sexual Life Under the Shadow of Multiple Sclerosis in Women: A Qualitative Study in Iran

Sexual life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex and challenging process that is often impaired under the influence of the disease and its neurological, physical and psychosocial complications. Nevertheless, this issue is often neglected. The present study was conducted in Iran to explain sexual life in women with MS and the perception and experience of these women with their sexual life. Eighteen subjects participating in the present qualitative study included 13 women with MS aged 18–50 years presenting to Iran MS Society and 5 key informants. Eligible candidates were selected using purposive sampling with maximum variation. The data were collected by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews until data saturation was achieved. The data were analyzed in MAXQDA10 using the conventional content analysis based on the approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Three themes and seven categories emerged from analyzing the data. The themes included (1) “declining quality and quantity of sexual relationships” with three categories of “poor sexual function”, “reductions in the frequency of sex” and “fear of recurrence of negative sexual experiences”, (2) “self-neglect in sexual relationships” with two categories of “priority of the spouse in sexual relationships” and “renouncing one’s own rights in sexual relationships” and (3) “low sexual self-efficacy” with two categories of “low sexual self-confidence” and “belief in inability in sexual relationships”. This study highlighted the concern that MS and related complications can significantly and negatively lower the quality and quantity of sexual relationships in women with MS. These women neglect themselves in their sexual life, and experience low sexual self-efficacy. Including these factors in the design and implementation of comprehensive and multidisciplinary interventions appears helpful in promoting the sexual life of these women during their treatment.

FEMİNİST DİSTOPYALARDA KIRMIZIYLA GELEN AYDIN KADIN ÇIĞLIĞI: 'DAMIZLIK KIZIN ÖYKÜSÜ MARGARET ATWOOD VE 'UYANDIĞINDA HİLLARY JORDAN

This paper will focus on determining the presence and the position of women in dystopian novels by comparatively analyzing the situation of the women whose enslavement is sealed with the color red in outstanding feminist dystopian works such as Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale” and American author Hillary Jordan’s 2011 novel “When She Woke”. A totalitarian regime imposes a male-dominant society ruled by a single person. As nations drift apart from democracy, the freedom and the rights of women are restricted or even removed. Sexuality is dangerous for a totalitarian regime since emotions such as love and desire and family as an institution and family ties are factors that oppose the absoluteness of the dictator regime. (Huxley, 2010, 23) This is why sexual lives of women and their rights to abortion and birth are regulated by the state. * Dr. Ogr. Uyesi, Mugla Sitki Kocman Universitesi, Edebiyat Fakultesi, Mutercim Tercumanlik Bolumu. Uluslararasi Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi / The Journal of International Social Research Cilt: 13 Sayi: 69 Mart 2020 & Volume: 13 Issue: 69 March 2020 - 14 - It is known that dystopia has meanings such as dark utopia or anti-utopia. One can observe that two aforementioned dystopian novels that were written based on their authors’ concerns over their own time period and thus envisaging negative practices in the future coincide in their use of the color red. This paper try to clarify the position of the rebel and enlightened women disobeying the regime and the relation of this position with the color red by using comparative examples from these novels focusing on the color red and the reason for this association. By writing feminist dystopian fiction, the intellectual authors who realize the position of the women in society is worsening gradually, warn the women and the society at large with the prediction that the situation might worsen in the future. Considering the general condition of the world, one can see that feminist dystopian novels can in fact be seen as the women’s outcry.

Does THA Affect Sexual Dysfunction in Female Patients With DDH?

BackgroundSexual health, aside from reproduction, plays an important role in physical, intellectual, emotional and social facets of life. Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a chronic orthopedic disease that has negative physical, social, and mental/spiritual effects, and lowers quality of life. However, no studies exist in the literature that focus on sexual function and health in patients with DDH. MethodsThe preoperative and postoperative 6th month and 1st year sexual functions of women who underwent surgical treatment (total hip arthroplasty) for DDH (Crowe 1–4) (n:50) and their spouses (n:30) were evaluated with Arizona Sexual Experience scale (ASEX) questionnaire which evaluates sexual function in 5 categories such as desire, arousal, erection/lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction. ResultsThe ASEX scores were 22.3 ± 3.5 preoperatively, 17.8 ± 2 at the 6th postoperative month, and 14.8 ± 1.3 at the 1st postoperative year. The decrease in the average score showed that sexual dysfunction existed in the preoperative period and sexual function was positively affected in the postoperative period over time. The ASEX scores of the patients younger than 35 in the postoperative 6th month had higher scores (P = .29). The sexual life of the husbands was not affected by the wives’ surgery, even though their spouses had a chronic condition causing functional difficulties. ConclusionThis study showed that the sexual life of women with DDH, who had been treated with total hip arthroplasty, was positively affected, whereas their husbands were unaffected. Further studies focusing on the effect of physiological and emotional factors, in addition to the surgical treatment, on sexual function are needed.