Victims Of Sexual Harassment Research Articles

Police Officers Moved by MeToo: Increased Victim Awareness While Sexual Harassment Persists

This research explores changes in the prevalence and nature of sexual harassment and the potential impact of the MeToo movement on police officers. Drawing on a whole population survey data from the Icelandic police in 2013 and 2022, we find self-labeling as victims of sexual harassment has increased, but no significant changes in exposure to sexually harassing behaviors. Consistent with previous research, the prevalence and manifestations of sexual harassment are gendered. However, our findings indicate that many police officers, especially women, have altered their behavior or shared their experiences of harassment or violence since the start of MeToo. We argue that the rise in self-labeled sexual harassment can be attributed to increased awareness brought by the MeToo movement. However, the absence of changes in exposure to sexually harassing behaviors indicates that it remains a gendered problem, entrenched in the masculinity contest culture of the police.

Associations between Sexual Harassment Victimization and Mental Health Outcomes – Does It Matter How We Measure Mental Health?

Abstract Poor mental health in adolescent boys and girls has been linked to both in-person and online sexual harassment (SH), but studies have typically analyzed the association using a single measure. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of SH victimization using different measures and cut-off values for mental ill health among adolescents. The study used a cross-sectional design with data collected by a web-based questionnaire in 2012. Participants were 1,026 students in grades 7–9 in nine public and one independent school in Sweden. Data were analyzed with logistic regression models for the total sample and separately for girls and boys. In the total sample, all forms of victimization were significantly positively associated with all dependent variables of mental ill health irrespective of the cut-off values used. ORs ranged from 1.54 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.08) for low quality of life using a cut-off value of < 7 and SH victimization, to 5.12 [95% CI: 3.52, 7.46] for self-harm and SH and online unwanted sexual solicitation (USS) combined. Statistically significant associations were also found in the analyses stratified by gender, with a few exceptions. There were no consistent patterns in the differences between girls and boys. The results imply that questions about SH should be included in adolescent mental health research and can inform the choice of measures used to assess mental ill health. The consistent associations shown for SH victimization and mental ill health should be of interest for policy makers for adolescent health promotion.

Strategi Penanganan Kasus Pelecehan pada Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak (DP3A) di Kota Pekanbaru

This research aims to analyze and explain how the strategy in handling cases of harassment carried out by DP3A and explain what are the obstacles in overcoming this case at DP3A in Pekanbaru. Harassment cases are serious problems that require special attention in Pekanbaru City. The problem in this case is the high rate of violence against women and children that occurs, requiring the government to respond by providing protection to women and children as victims of violence. Through a Descriptive approach and literature study, this research analyzes in depth the strategy of handling sexual harassment cases implemented by DP3A. By referring to the strategy stage model according to Andrew (2011), this study identifies the obstacles faced at each stage, from formulation to assessment. The results show that although significant efforts have been made, there are still several aspects that need to be improved, such as community service, case management, as well as handling social stigma and limited resources. These findings are expected to be valuable input for DP3A in developing more effective strategies in protecting victims of sexual harassment. Analysis of the case management indicators shows that although there are some good practices, there are still gaps in terms of community education.

The Essence of Phenomenology in Forensic Communication Tradition: Revealing the Fragmentation of Sexual Harassment Victims' Experiences

The Essence of Phenomenology in Forensic Communication Tradition: Revealing the Fragmentation of Sexual Harassment Victims' Experiences

Representation of Sexual Harassment Victims in English-based Indonesian Online News: A Critical Discourse Analysis

Representation of Sexual Harassment Victims in English-based Indonesian Online News: A Critical Discourse Analysis

Educator-To-Student Sexual Harassment in UK and Irish Secondary Schools: A Qualitative Analysis

ABSTRACT The current study examines the way sexual harassment, a specific facet of educator sexual misconduct, is experienced by secondary school students. The qualitative component of an online survey was completed by participants aged 18+ who had attended secondary school in Ireland (n = 85) or the UK (n = 74), and who were recruited to participate via social media. Participants were asked to describe the incident of educator-student sexual harassment they experienced that had the greatest effect on them. Data were analyzed using a deductive approach to thematic analysis and coded into topic summary themes using Fitzgerald’s (1995) sexual harassment victimization measure and its respective sexual harassment categories. We also produced an additional theme—the context of sexual harassment. Collectively, these findings can inform educational policies and reporting processes for educator-student sexual harassment, to ultimately support the safety and well-being of all students.

PELECEHAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK DI MEDIA SOSIAL

Children's use of technology has a significant impact on their physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. One of the technologies that children often use is social media. While social media can provide benefits, there are also negative impacts such as bullying and harassment. Therefore, supervision from parents, educators, and authorities is essential. Technology is not all good or all bad; what matters is how its use is managed to suit children's needs and development, while considering its positive and negative impacts. This research aims to find out and analyze various countermeasures that can be taken against children who experience sexual harassment on social media in accordance with the provisions in the Child Protection Law, as well as identify forms of legal protection provided to child victims of sexual harassment in cyberspace based on applicable regulations. This analysis includes measures for prevention, handling, and recovery of victims, as well as legal implementation to ensure that children's rights are optimally protected in the midst of rampant cases of harassment in the digital realm. Data collected from primary legal materials and secondary legal materials are then analyzed qualitatively. Countermeasures against child sexual abuse on social media according to Law number 35 of 2014 and Law number 12 of 2022 involve integrated preventive and enforcement actions.

Media portrayal of USA female journalists as victims of sexual harassment and discrimination

This paper brings forward the media portrayal of women-journalists, focusing on the gender inequalities in mass-media that put in jeopardy the safety of female journalists when performing their jobs. Within the purpose of investigating the issue of discrimination against female journalists, the analysis included the cases that mass-media drew attention upon regarding the inequalities and abuses in the newsrooms, and also the correctness from an ethical point of view of reporting these materials by the press. These aspects emphasize if the representation in national mass-media of these cases is achieved in an impartial manner by all media institutions involved in the process, and if the reporting of these cases included ethical violations.

The interplay of online sexual harassment victimization, personality factors, and experiences of loneliness

In contemporary society, the internet plays a crucial role in enhancing connectivity among individuals. However, alongside its numerous advantages, the virtual realm presents challenges such as online sexual harassment, a prevalent issue characterized by offensive sexual messages. This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between online sexual harassment, personality traits, hostility, and loneliness. Conducted as descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, and quantitative research, the study involved 472 participants of Portuguese nationality. The key findings underscore the significant prevalence of online sexual harassment victimization within this sample, highlighting dark personality traits, hostility, and loneliness as interconnected factors. Consequently, this study provides valuable insights into the existing literature by shedding light on the specific dynamics among the investigated variables.

A Systematic Review of Ethical Leadership as a Panacea for Combating Sexual Harassment in Africa

Sexual harassment is an ongoing baseness that should be non-existent at work. Such immoral behaviours have psychological, physical, and behavioural impacts on victims, with no organisational benefit. Hence, it is imperative that positive actions against sexual harassment are needed, and leaders have a role to play. However, there are limited studies on how ethical leaders can contribute to the eradication process. This report, therefore, makes a compelling case for developing ethical leaders as champions against sexual harassment. It accentuates the positive effect of role-modelling ethical behaviours. Based on secondary data, traditional and systematic literature reviews were conducted on sexual harassment and ethical leadership in sub-Saharan Africa, respectively. The results of the thematic analysis showed that women are mostly the victims of sexual harassment due to the abuse of power and poor execution of harassment policies. The study offers laudable mechanisms such as the creation of an inclusive environment with zero tolerance for sexual harassment, the moral development of organisational members and the reorientation and support for victims. Given the ‘power distance’ culture of most African nations, the fight will be tough, but the benefits and prospects far outweigh the cost. Hence, recommendations and practical approaches to potential challenges are discussed.

University Support and Prevention Needs for Sexual Harassment: What Do European Students and Doctoral Students Ask For?

AbstractThis study explores experiences of and reflections on sexual harassment in academia among students and doctoral students from Belgium, Croatia, Germany, and Sweden. Prevalence studies show that sexual harassment is a common occurrence and has negative consequences not only on mental health in general but also on academic performance. However, little is known about what kinds of support and prevention are needed. Therefore, the aim of this study has been to develop in-depth knowledge about students’ and doctoral students’ reflections on how victims of sexual harassment in academia should be supported, and how sexual harassment in academia could be prevented. To achieve this aim, 54 individual interviews, and 6 focus group interviews with 18 participants, were conducted between 2020 and 2022 with a total of 72 participants at the bachelors, masters, doctoral level or state exam level. Based on a thematic analysis three themes emerged: (a) Information on sexual harassment, (b) Prerequisites for reporting and intervening, and (c) Support as a preventive activity. The results show an urgent need for information, since this is perceived as lacking by students and doctoral students, and suggested strategies for information provision are presented. Further, there are challenges related to reporting, and ignorance about how to intervene when sexual harassment is witnessed. Professional support is described as important, along with support from peers, mentors, family, and friends. These findings are relevant for researchers and for clinicians at university student health centres, to develop relevant preventive and supportive interventions in the context of academia.

The Existence of Sexual Violence Crime in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the existence of the sanctions of the sexual violence crime act called (TPKS) in various ways to provide preventive and repressive legal protection for victims of sexual violence. They are compiled using the normative method, which includes the study of laws and regulations, legal theories, opinions of experts, and other legal materials. Sexual harassment is an act that has a severe impact on victims, and the existence of the TPKS Law Number 12 of 2022 in Indonesia was formed as a legal umbrella effort and as an effort to renew punitive sanctions to follow up firmly on perpetrators of sexual harassment. The Criminal Code that has been amended and regulated in the Criminal Code Number 1 of 2023, which is explained in Chapter XV concerning criminal acts of decency, mainly regulated in articles 414 to 423 of the Criminal Code, has also not been able to provide complete legal protection for victims of sexual harassment. The Criminal Code also does not mention explicitly or explicitly the problem of sexual abuse. The result of this research is to provide explanation and legal protection for victims who are mentally disturbed due to the impact of sexual harassment and can provide punishment for perpetrators regardless of their status to create a deterrent effect for the perpetrators.

DIAKONIA GEREJA PADA REMAJA KORBAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL di TENGAH REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

The development of technology and the 4.0 Industrial Revolution has brought human to a convenience and pace in doing something. Starting from household chores such as doing the laundry, brewing coffee, cooking rice, and the most prominent one is the information dissemination changed by technology. Nowadays, people do not need to wait long until the letters could be sent because now, only with a thumb, people can send anything to anyone using chat message and online telephone through the gadget. Various conveniences of the internet are wide open to anyone, and it does not recognize age. In the middle of this addicting internet pace, many teenagers are engaged in an association they should not have. Sexual harassment is often perceived by the children who are in a lack of attention from their parents, both verbally and non-verbally. Through Diakonia (Ministry of Love) who empowers teenagers of sexual harassment victims is one of Church’s duties, so they no longer see themselves as a person with no self-esteem and have a willing to continue fixing their life.

Empathy Through Immersion: The Impact of 360-Degree Virtual Reality on Fostering Perspective-Taking and Sense of Oneness in the Embodiment of a Sexual Harassment Victim.

Sexual harassment (SH) against women is one of the most worldwide problems. To mitigate its incidence, various programs, including virtual reality (VR), have been developed for both prevention and treatment. 360-degree video has emerged as a subfield of VR capable of inducing the body swap illusion and facilitating perspective-taking (PT), as well as eliciting related emotions. The present study represents a progression from a previously published work, featuring a within-subjects design approach that showed the superiority of the immersive video to elicit empathy compared to a control condition. The aim is to investigate and validate the feasibility of using 360-degree video to foster empathy, PT, and a sense of oneness, potentially reducing violent attitudes toward a female victim of SH compared with a traditional PT task (control condition) in a between-subjects design. Forty Mexican men were randomly assigned to one of the conditions. Results confirmed the feasibility of the 360-degree video in significantly enhancing PT and a sense of oneness compared with the control condition. However, no significant changes were observed for the variables of empathy and violent attitude. Moreover, the findings supported the potential of the 360-degree video in eliciting a sense of ownership and presence with the virtual character and the immersive environment, with ownership showing a positive correlation with empathy and PT. Lastly, participant body awareness was found to be a positive predictor of ownership. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Law Enforcement and the Role of Educational Institutions in Handling Cases of Sexual Harassment in Internships and the Workplace: Victim Perspectives and Policy Recommendations

This research investigates the victim's viewpoint about the efficiency of the judicial system as well as the function of offices and educational institutions in addressing sexual harassment instances that occur in internship and employment settings. using the normative juridical approach of legal study to examine how normative legal rules are applied in each unique legal situation that arises in society. As a result, the literature review and different approaches to comprehending the nation's positive laws serve as the study's main foci. The present research further delineates many obstacles encountered by victims while attempting to get justice and proposes multiple measures for policy enhancement to enhance safeguarding and assistance for sexual harassment victims. In order to avoid and address harassment instances more skilfully, the recommended policy changes include bolstering reporting procedures, providing victim rights counselling, and enhancing training for office managers and educational personnel. It is anticipated that the findings of this research will aid in the creation of more accommodating and sensitive regulations addressing the problem of sexual harassment in internship and employment settings.

Legal regulation of combating harassment in the field of work: national and foreign experience

The article points out that there is a common belief that harassment is sexual harassment, although in reality the term has a much broader meaning. Harassment is a problem of a global nature, which manifests itself in various spheres of social interaction and takes place in the life of every country. It is emphasized that the national legislation of many countries makes it possible to effectively combat harassment at the workplace and prevent this shameful phenomenon. The definition of the concept of harassment and measures to combat it are established in the relevant general anti-discrimination laws, in labor legislation and subordinate legal acts, which contributes to the effective implementation of national state policies on the prevention and counteraction of discrimination in the field of work. Attention is drawn to the fact that currently the term «harassment» is not used in Ukrainian legislation. However, the closest semantic equivalent of this term is the concept of «sexual harassment», the definition of which is contained in the Law of Ukraine «On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities of Women and Men». The legal regulation of anti-harassment, in particular in labor relations, in Ukraine is based on normative legal acts that belong to different branches of law. It is emphasized that the Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine does not contain direct regulations on the prohibition of sexual harassment (harassment) at the workplace. This Code does not contain special norms that would determine the procedural issues of establishing the fact of sexual harassment, its fixation, proof, investigation and specifics of disciplinary responsibility for committing harassment. Despite the absence of the regulatory concept of «harassment» in Ukrainian legislation, in Ukraine, victims of sexual harassment at the workplace are provided with legal tools to protect their rights and interests. These tools range from filing sexual harassment complaints with authorized entities to criminal prosecution of the perpetrators. The legislation of Ukraine on combating sexual harassment at work is part of the anti-discrimination legislation, which is currently dynamically developing and adapting to modern needs.

Digital Activism Communications and Gender Equality Efforts: The #WeRaceAsOne Movement in Media Social by F1 Fans

The Formula 1 or F1 community is characterized by cases of gender discrimination and sexual harassment, such as the assumption that women do not deserve to like F1 and the Christian Horner harassment case that was not followed up. The purpose of this study is to analyze the form of digital activism used by F1 fans in addressing issues within the F1 community. The research method used is with a qualitative approach and focuses on content analysis. Content analysis of social media posts shows two main purposes for using the hashtag: (1) supporting victims of sexual harassment and (2) rejecting double standards against women in the F1 community. This research concludes that the #WeRaceAsOne hashtag initiated by F1, can be used by fans as a digital activism movement to solve the problems experienced by women in F1.With digital activism movements such as the use of the #WeRaceAsOne hashtag, it is expected to raise awareness, audience solidarity, support victims, ask F1 to be more assertive, and defend female fans who experience discrimination.

Victim, perpetrator, or witness of peer sexual harassment? Middle-school students’ movements between roles across time

ABSTRACT Previous research on peer sexual harassment at school has mostly considered students’ involvement in the victim role while overlooking the roles of witnessing and perpetration, and students’ movements between different roles over time. In this two-wave longitudinal study (N = 783) conducted in Sweden, we examined students’ involvement in peer sexual harassment from ages 10 to 11 years to identify patterns of movements within and between roles. Through illustrations and Configural Frequency Analysis, we identified three central patterns. First, many students remained in the same roles across time, especially those who were involved in a combination of roles. Secondly, students often first encountered peer sexual harassment by witnessing it and then became targets themselves. Finally, students who perpetrated peer sexual harassment often had previous experience with other roles in peer sexual harassment. The findings suggest that social learning processes may influence how students move between different roles over time.

The Help-Seeking Behavior of Victims of Image-Based Sexual Harassment and Abuse: A Scoping Review.

Image-based sexual harassment and abuse (IBSHA) has recently gained scientific attention. To date, research has primarily focused on victim characteristics and impact, while little specific empirical research exists on victims' help-seeking behavior, including barriers and facilitators to seeking support. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the current state of literature on IBSHA victims' help-seeking behavior and barriers and facilitators to seeking support. Seven electronic bibliographic databases were searched up to June 2023 to identify relevant literature. Inclusion criteria consisted of (1) English or Dutch language, (2) original empirical data, (3) studying one or more forms of IBSHA, (4) victim sample, and (5) addressing help-seeking behavior, and/or factors encouraging or discouraging help-seeking. The scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols extension for scoping reviews. In total, 81 articles were included. Varying definitions of IBSHA, sample sizes, and populations complicated the drawing of general conclusions. The research was primarily conducted in English-speaking Western countries with a majority of young, White, heterosexual, and women samples. Prevalence rates of help-seeking strongly varied. Multiple sources of informal and formal support were identified, including friends, family, social media platforms, and police. Informal support appeared preferred. Articles identified several barriers to help-seeking including shame, (fear of) negative social responses and negative expectations of formal support, and facilitators, including desire for justice and takedown of non-consensually shared images. Research on IBSHA is growing rapidly. The field would benefit from further research focused on help-seeking with diverse samples, standardized measures, and intersectionality. Recommendations for policy and practice are provided.

Trends and Patterns of Crime against Scheduled Tribes in States of Northern and Western Regions of India

The paper discussed trends and patterns of crime against scheduled tribes in states of northern and western regions of India. It has found that highest crime against scheduled tribe(s) occurred in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. There are no incidences of crime against scheduled tribe(s) in Haryana. Incidences and victims of simple hurt, grievous hurt murder, assault on tribal women and attempt to commit murder are highest in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences and number of victims of sexual harassment is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. Rajasthan has the highest incidences and victims of stalking followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences of assault of children of scheduled tribes is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. There are no incidences of kidnapping for ransom in any states of the regions. Incidences of kidnapping and abduction of women to compel her for marriage is highest in Rajasthan followed by Gujrat and Maharashtra. There are no incidences of procuration of minor girls of scheduled tribes in any state of the regions. Incidences of rape of women is higher in Rajasthan and Maharashtra. Rajasthan has the highest incidences of robbery followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Therefore, government of the concern states should implement proper policies for minimizing such crimes against scheduled tribes.