Sexual And Gender Minority People Research Articles

Affirming sexual and gender diversity in an elementary school after school program: a case study

Research demonstrates that programming and curricula that is affirmative and inclusive of sexual and gender minority (SGM) people is potentially lifesaving for students in middle and high school. There has been little examination, however, of SGM-affirmative programming at the elementary school level. Elementary school level programming has the potential to benefit SGM youth and families, as well as lead to more affirmative attitudes in later school settings. This study reports on the factors that create and sustain an elementary after school program that has implemented SGM-affirmative programming within a social justice and arts framework for over 20 years. We conducted thematic analysis of interviews with teachers, administrators, and parents in the program and the associated elementary school to identify factors that contribute to the program’s success in affirming and including SGM people. Findings highlight affirmative policies and systems (inclusive mission statements, policies encouraging expression, and hiring diverse staff) and consistent enactment of inclusive and affirmative behaviors (affirming diversity, implementing inclusive curriculum, using inclusive language, and disrupting normativity and implementing restorative practices) as key components of an SGM-affirmative program with elementary-aged students. Results highlight that creating an SGM-affirmative elementary level program is possible and provide an exemplar of this programming in action. Implications and potential focus areas for policy and practice implementation are discussed.

Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Among Sexual and Gender Minority People by Disability Status: Findings From The PRIDE Study, 2019–2020

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people have increased anxiety and depressive disorders due, in part, to minority stress compared with cisgender and heterosexual people. Disability is associated with poorer mental health outcomes. With limited existing mental health data from SGM people with disabilities, we compared anxiety and depression symptoms between SGM people with and without disabilities. Participants from The PRIDE (Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality) Study were classified into four disability categories based on self-reported disability from 2019 to 2020. Participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire (anxiety) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; depression). Means were calculated for GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores by disability type. Logistic regression models examined the associations between scores ≥10 (accepted cutoffs for clinical symptoms) and disability type. For GAD-7, SGM people across all disability types (physical, mental, intellectual, and other) had reported significantly higher scores compared with those without disabilities. SGM people with any disability had increased odds of having GAD-7 scores that were ≥10 compared with those without disabilities. Similar to anxiety scores, SGM people with any disability reported significantly higher PHQ-9 mean scores compared with those without disabilities. Additionally, SGM people with any disability had higher odds of having PHQ-9 scores that were ≥10. Both anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher among SGM people with disabilities, signaling higher levels of anxiety and depression for this specific minority population. Further examinations should explore upstream factors affecting anxiety and depression in the SGM disability community.

Medical student clinical cultural awareness in cancer care of sexual gender minority patients

ObjectiveHealth disparities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+), or sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are known. SGM people have higher cancer risk, but lower rates of screenings, resulting in a higher likelihood of late-stage disease. This study evaluates medical students’ clinical cultural awareness in cancer care of SGM patients to identify gaps in education. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey distributed to medical students at a academic center. There were 38 questions on demographics, attitudes, and knowledge of SGM topics. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic information and stratified analyses assessed responses by demographic subgroups. ResultsThere were 238 responses from 1145 students (response rate = 20.7 %). Of the responders, 91.2 % and 79 % were comfortable treating lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and transgender patients respectively. Only 28.6 % and 21.8 % were confident treating LGB and transgender patients respectively after taking the survey. 91.2 % of students were interested receiving education regarding SGM health needs. ConclusionWhile most medical students are comfortable treating LGBTQ+ patients, most are not confident in their knowledge. This difference is most profound in knowledge of transgender patients. Practice implicationsSchools must provide more education in SGM topics to improve student knowledge to produce competent providers.

Novel Machine Learning HIV Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Young People Who Have Sex With Men (uTECH): Protocol for a Randomized Comparison Trial.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) young people are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States, and substance use is a major driver of new infections. People who use web-based venues to meet sex partners are more likely to report substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and sexually transmitted infections. To our knowledge, no machine learning (ML) interventions have been developed that use web-based and digital technologies to inform and personalize HIV and substance use prevention efforts for SGM young people. This study aims to test the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the uTECH intervention, a SMS text messaging intervention using an ML algorithm to promote HIV prevention and substance use harm reduction among SGM people aged 18 to 29 years who have sex with men. This intervention will be compared to the Young Men's Health Project (YMHP) alone, an existing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention best evidence intervention for young SGM people, which consists of 4 motivational interviewing-based counseling sessions. The YMHP condition will receive YMHP sessions and will be compared to the uTECH+YMHP condition, which includes YMHP sessions as well as uTECH SMS text messages. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health, we will recruit and enroll SGM participants (aged 18-29 years) in the United States (N=330) to participate in a 12-month, 2-arm randomized comparison trial. All participants will receive 4 counseling sessions conducted over Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc) with a master's-level social worker. Participants in the uTECH+YMHP condition will receive curated SMS text messages informed by an ML algorithm that seek to promote HIV and substance use risk reduction strategies as well as undergoing YMHP counseling. We hypothesize that the uTECH+YMHP intervention will be considered acceptable, appropriate, and feasible to most participants. We also hypothesize that participants in the combined condition will experience enhanced and more durable reductions in substance use and sexual risk behaviors compared to participants receiving YMHP alone. Appropriate statistical methods, models, and procedures will be selected to evaluate primary hypotheses and behavioral health outcomes in both intervention conditions using an α<.05 significance level, including comparison tests, tests of fixed effects, and growth curve modeling. This study was funded in August 2019. As of June 2024, all participants have been enrolled. Data analysis has commenced, and expected results will be published in the fall of 2025. This study aims to develop and test the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of uTECH, a novel approach to reduce HIV risk and substance use among SGM young adults. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04710901; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04710901. DERR1-10.2196/58448.

Cannabis use trajectories over time in relation to minority stress and gender among sexual and gender minority people

Substance use disparities among sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are attributed to minority stress, but few studies have examined minority stress and cannabis use over time or investigated differences in cannabis use trajectories by less-studied gender subgroups. We examined if longitudinal cannabis use trajectories are related to baseline minority stressors and if gender differences persisted after accounting for minority stress. Cannabis use risk was measured annually over four years (2017–2021) within a longitudinal cohort study of SGM adults in the United States (N = 11,813). Discrimination and victimization, internalized stigma, disclosure and concealment, and safety and acceptance comprised minority stress (n = 5,673). Latent class growth curve mixture models identified five cannabis use trajectories: ‘low or no risk’, ‘low moderate risk’, ‘high moderate risk’, ‘steep risk increase’, and ‘highest risk’. Participants who reported past-year discrimination and/or victimization at baseline had greater odds of membership in any cannabis risk category compared to the ‘low risk’ category (odds ratios [OR] 1.17–1.33). Internalized stigma was related to ‘high moderate’ and ‘highest risk’ cannabis use (ORs 1.27–1.38). After accounting for minority stress, compared to cisgender men, gender expansive people and transgender men had higher odds of ‘low moderate risk’ (ORs 1.61, 1.67) or ‘high moderate risk’ (ORs 2.09, 1.99), and transgender men had higher odds of ‘highest risk’ (OR 2.36) cannabis use. This study indicates minority stress is related to prospective cannabis use risk trajectories among SGM people, and transgender men and gender expansive people have greater odds of trajectories reflecting cannabis use risk.

The psychosocial health of sexual and gender minority people with anal and colorectal cancer: a mixed methods study.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer survivors have poorer psychosocial health than their heterosexual cisgender counterparts. Nevertheless, most research has focused on breast and prostate survivors. It is unknown how different gastrointestinal (GI) cancers affect the psychosocial well-being of SGM individuals. We (1) described the psychosocial health of SGM people with GI cancers and (2) identified differences in psychosocial health outcomes by cancer type. We conducted a concurrent mixed-methods secondary analysis with identical samples (n = 295) using data from "OUT: The National Cancer Survey." Likert-type and open-ended questions about demographics, satisfaction with care, social support, and access to mental health resources were included in the analysis. Poor mental health was the primary outcome. Quantitative (linear regression) and qualitative (thematic analysis) data were independently analyzed, then integrated through the narrative, weaving approach. Three concepts emerged after data integration, (1) positive and negative influences on the psychological well-being of the participants; (2) social adaptations with the participants' friends, partners, and family members; and (3) additional factors affecting the psychosocial well-being during and after cancer, particularly interactions with providers, comorbidities, and treatment side effects. Clinical characteristics, demographic factors, and culturally responsive care influenced the psychosocial health of SGM survivors of GI cancers. Participants developed their own coping strategies and advocated for the SGM community. Interventions promoting peer support and self-esteem are a priority for this population. Healthcare professional training should incorporate historical trauma awareness and assess the delivery of culturally responsive care.

Day-to-day associations of intersectional minority stressors with sleep health in sexual and gender minority people of color.

To determine the day-to-day associations between minority stressors (i.e., anticipated and experienced discrimination) and sleep health outcomes (i.e., total sleep time (TST), sleep disturbances, and sleep-related impairment) among sexual and gender minority (SGM) people of color. An online sample of SGM people of color living in the United States participated in a 30-day daily diary study. Daily anticipated and experienced discrimination as well as subjective sleep outcomes were assessed via electronic diaries using validated measures. Wrist-worn actigraphy was used to objectively assess TST. Multilevel linear models (MLMs) were used to estimate the independent associations of daily intersectional minority stressors with subsequent sleep outcomes, adjusted for demographic factors and lifetime discrimination. The sample included 43 SGM people of color with a mean age of 27.0 years (± 7.7) of which 84% were Latinx, 47% were multiracial, and 37% were bisexual. Results of MLMs indicated that greater report of daily experienced discrimination was positively associated with same-night sleep disturbances, B (SE) = 0.45 (0.10), p < .001. Daily anticipated discrimination was positively associated with sleep-related impairment on the following day, B (SE) = 0.77 (0.17), p < .001. However, daily anticipated and experienced discrimination were not associated with same-night TST. Findings highlight the importance of considering the differential effects of daily intersectional minority stressors on the sleep health of SGM people of color. Further research is needed to identify factors driving the link between daily minority stressors and sleep outcomes to inform sleep health interventions tailored to this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

“Neutrality Is Affirming”: How Do Sexual and Gender Minority Adults Find and Define Affirming Healthcare?

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals have unique healthcare needs yet frequently encounter negative healthcare experiences. These negative encounters with the healthcare system may lead to SGM individuals delaying or avoiding healthcare, which may exacerbate health disparities. We sought to qualitatively examine the healthcare experiences of SGM adults to better understand how SGM adults define SGM-affirming healthcare experiences. We also aimed to add to the literature by asking SGM participants about their future aging and healthcare concerns such as family involvement in medical decisions and end-of-life care. Nineteen semistructured individual interviews were conducted with SGM adults to gather information about the process of finding an SGM-affirming provider, coming out in a medical setting, the components of affirming care, the results of affirming care, the components of nonaffirming care, the consequences of nonaffirming experiences, and aging concerns regarding healthcare. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze interview data. Results showed unique insights into the techniques used to find SGM-affirming providers and what SGM adults hope for in their healthcare encounters. This qualitative study builds on a body of literature that has documented significant disparities in healthcare access and quality for SGM individuals. The results of this study highlight important aspects of SGM-affirming care, outline understudied healthcare concerns for SGM people, and may guide healthcare providers in improving the quality-of-care experiences for their SGM patients.

Minority stress, perceived social support, and depression in people diverse in sexual and gender minority status

ABSTRACT The study examines the relationships between experienced heterosexism, perceived social support, and depression in people diverse in sexual and gender minority (SGM) identity. The cross-sectional online study was performed in Poland among 509 SGM people, with an average age of 22 years (M = 22.39, SD = 4.78). Minority stress was assessed using the Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire (DHEQ), perceived social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and depression symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R). The study supported a buffering effect of social support from family and friends in the relationship between minority stress and depression symptoms. Network analysis (NA) showed that minority stress from family of origin, mediated by low family support, plays a key and bridging role in increasing suicidal ideation, especially in dual SGM individuals. Friends are the most important source of support for people with a single SGM identity. Therefore, to prevent suicidal thoughts in LGBTQ+ people at increased risk of depression, systemic therapy should be used in addition to interventions focusing on coping with minority stress and symptoms of depression.

Our needs have been ignored for a long time: Factors affecting willingness of Black and Hispanic/Latinx sexual and gender minority communities to donate biospecimens.

The study aimed to document factors affecting willingness to engage in biospecimen donation for substance use research among Black and Hispanic/Latinx sexual and gender minority (SGM) people. From May to July 2022, we interviewed 22 Black and Hispanic/Latinx SGM people from The PRIDE Study, a cohort of SGM people in the United States and its territories, using Zoom videoconferencing software. Fourteen participants were sexual minority people, and eight participants were gender minority people. We took an inductive, collaborative qualitative analytic approach to identify themes. Themes included: (1) community benefits, (2) personal benefits, (3) community exploitation, (4) personal risks, (5) convenience, (6) trustworthiness of the research team, (7) perceived value in donating, and (8) normalization of biospecimen collection. Participants were generally motivated to engage in biospecimen donation for altruistic purposes. The most cited concerns were related to data security, misuse, and privacy. Researchers must be proactive in building trust with Black and Hispanic/Latinx SGM communities to increase engagement, diversify biospecimen repositories and reduce health inequities. Future research involving biospecimens should provide biospecimen education during the consent process and prioritize participant convenience.

Stigma and anxiety and depressive symptoms in parents of sexual and gender minority youth.

Parents of sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth play an important role in supporting their SGM child's mental health in the face of stigma. Yet, parents of SGM youth may themselves experience stigma, including discrimination/rejection, and its emotional consequences, including vicarious stigma and shame. The present cross-sectional study leveraged a national sample of parents of SGM youth to investigate associations between parents' stigma experiences and self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms. Further, we additionally explored sociodemographic and contextual correlates of parents' stigma experiences. Participants included 264 parents (Mage = 46) who reported having at least one SGM child under age 30 (Mage = 18). The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual-Affiliate Stigma Measure (LGB-ASM) assessed parents' experiences of discrimination/rejection (e.g., actual and anticipated rejection experiences due to having an SGM child), vicarious stigma (e.g., worry and concern for one's SGM child), and shame (e.g., feeling embarrassed for having an SGM child). Parents indicated their anxiety and depressive symptoms using respective Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-short forms. Results showed that vicarious stigma and shame, but not discrimination/rejection, were uniquely associated with parents' increased symptoms of anxiety (vicarious stigma: β = 1.59, p < .001; shame: β = 2.15, p < .001) and depression (vicarious stigma: β = 0.90, p < .01; shame: β = 2.77, p < .001). Further, parents with more accepting religious, racial, ethnic, and/or cultural communities reported lower stigma experiences. This study advances understanding of how the psychological consequences of stigma extend beyond SGM people themselves and contribute to mental health difficulties in parents of SGM youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Health Care Professional Education on Cancer Screening of SGM Individuals: An Integrative Review.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals are disproportionately affected by cancer. Health care professional (HCP) and health sciences education rarely includes content on cancer screening in this population. This article aims to synthesize literature on educational programs for HCPs and health sciences students related to cancer screening for SGM individuals. An integrative review methodology guided a systematic search of five databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and ERIC. Articles were included if they were empirically-based and described educational programs targeted at HCPs and health sciences students with content of cancer screening for SGM people. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, three were pilot studies and the majority of the articles (n = 9) used pre- and post-test designs. All of the interventions showed efficacy in increasing knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behavior. However, the vastly different programs and the fact that most of the cancer screening content was embedded in programs with broad SGM issues content limit the ability to make firm recommendations for any one particular program. In-person didactic content delivered multiple times incorporating modalities such as standardized patient encounters, case studies, and guest speakers increased knowledge, attitude, and skills of participants. Future studies should incorporate behavioral theories, develop more consistent aspects of educational programs, report demographic and pertinent data on participants, and utilize established instruments to measure outcomes when conducting educational interventions on HCPs and students in this area.

An Exploratory Analysis of Contributors to Cognitive Functioning Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals Who Had COVID-19

ABSTRACT Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals face mental health disparities. However, research analyzing SGM people’s mental health after a COVID-19 diagnosis is scarce. In this secondary analysis of a remote study, we 1) examined associations between cognitive and psychosocial health and 2) explored differences between these health outcomes among SGM (n = 14) and heterosexual cisgender (n = 64) U.S. adults who had COVID-19. We used the Patient Reported Outcome Measures Information System (PROMIS) v2.0 to assess subjective cognition and the BrainCheck cognitive test to analyze objective cognition. We administered the Perceived Stress Scale and PROMIS 57 Profile V.2.0 to measure psychosocial health. SGM COVID-19 survivors had worse scores in depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, pain, stress, and objective cognition than heterosexual cisgender participants (p-values < .05). Objective cognition was associated with age, SGM classification, racial or ethnic minority classification, income, comorbidities, COVID-19 severity, number of symptoms, and pain (|0.137| < r < |0.373|, p-values < .05). Subjective cognition was associated with comorbidities, number of symptoms, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, pain, and stress (|0.158| < r < |0.537|, p-values < .05). Additional studies are needed to expand what is known about post-COVID-19 health disparities and to guide policies and interventions that promote cognitive functioning.

Substance Use Over Time Among Sexual and Gender Minority People: Differences at the Intersection of Sex and Gender.

Purpose: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are at greater risk for substance use than heterosexual and cisgender people, but most prior work is limited by cross-sectional analyses or the examination of single substance use. This study examined substance use over time among SGM people to identify patterns of polysubstance use at the intersection of sex and gender. Methods: Data were collected annually over 4 years from SGM respondents (n = 11,822) in The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study. Differences in substance use patterns (any prior 30-day use of 15 substances) by gender subgroup were examined with latent class analysis, and multinomial regression models tested relationships between gender subgroup and substance use. Results: Eight classes of substance use were observed. The three most common patterns were low substance use (49%), heavy episodic alcohol use (≥5 alcoholic drinks on one occasion) with some cannabis and tobacco use (14%), and cannabis use with some tobacco and declining heavy episodic alcohol use (13%). Differences observed included lower odds of patterns defined by heavy episodic alcohol use with some cannabis and tobacco use in all gender subgroups relative to cisgender men and persons with low substance use (odds ratios [ORs] 0.26-0.60). Gender expansive people assigned female at birth, gender expansive people assigned male at birth, and transgender men had greater odds of reporting cannabis use with small percentages of heavy episodic alcohol and tobacco use (ORs: 1.41-1.60). Conclusion: This study suggests that there are unique patterns of polysubstance use over time among gender subgroups of SGM people.

Oppression-Based Stress and Alcohol Inequities Among Sexual and Gender Minority People: An Intersectional Multilevel Framework.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are at heightened risk for alcohol use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol use disorder compared to heterosexual and cisgender individuals. This paper: (a) presents an oppression framework that integrates intersectionality, stress, stigma, and addiction-based theories to examine the complex and nuanced ways oppression-based stress (e.g., minority stress) leads to sexual orientation and gender identity inequities in alcohol use; (b) conducts a narrative review that summarizes recent and novel advancements in the literature on the impact of oppression-based stressors on alcohol use outcomes across structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal domains among SGM people; and (c) provides future research and intervention directions for the alcohol field. A select review of the literature was conducted on July 10, 2023, using multiple electronic databases (i.e., PsycInfo, PubMed, Web of Science) and focusing on studies that had examined the associations between oppression-based stressors and alcohol use outcomes across structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal levels. Search terms focused on alcohol consumption; SGM people, particularly SGM people of color; and oppression-based stress. Cross-sectional studies that focused on heterosexism-based and anti-bisexual oppression-based stressors at the interpersonal or intrapersonal levels and alcohol use outcomes were excluded as they have been included in prior reviews of the literature. The initial and combined search across the databases resulted in 3,205 articles. Of those, the narrative review included 50 peer-reviewed articles that focused on the following four areas of the literature on the associations between oppression-based stressors and alcohol use outcomes: (1) experimental, longitudinal, and experience sampling studies of heterosexism- and anti-bisexual oppression-based stressors (22 articles); (2) any studies of cissexism-based stressors (12 articles); (3) any studies of intersectional oppression among SGM people of color (seven articles, one article overlapped with the first category and another overlapped with the fourth category); and (4) any studies of structural oppression (11 articles). Results of this narrative review indicate that mounting evidence implicates oppression-based stress in inequities in alcohol use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol use disorder in SGM populations. This reflects SGM people's embodiment of oppression and injustice at the structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal levels. Given some inconsistent and mixed patterns of findings, future research needs greater specificity in drinking inclusion criteria, robust and well-validated measures, more attention to culturally and developmentally relevant moderating and mediating mechanisms across the lifespan, application of sophisticated methodologies, and integration of intersectional and addiction frameworks.

Health disparities in one of the world’s most progressive countries: a scoping review of mental health and substance use among sexual and gender minority people in the Netherlands

BackgroundEvidence from many parts of the world shows that sexual and gender minority (SGM) people have poorer health than their cisgender heterosexual counterparts. Minority stressors, particularly stigma and discrimination, have been identified as major contributors to sexual orientation- and gender identity-related health disparities, particularly negative mental health and behavioral health outcomes. To better understand factors that contribute to these disparities, we conducted a scoping review of SGM mental health and substance use research in the Netherlands—a country with a long-standing reputation as a pioneer in SGM equality.MethodsUsing Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR protocol, we searched seven databases to identify studies published between 2010 and 2022 that focused on substance use and/or mental health of SGM youth and adults in the Netherlands.ResultsAlthough there was some evidence that SGM people in the Netherlands report fewer substance use and mental health concerns than those in less progressive countries, with very few exceptions studies found poorer outcomes among SGM participants than cisgender, heterosexual participants. However, this observation must be considered cautiously given major gaps in the literature. For example, only one study focused exclusively on adult sexual minority women, two focused on older SGM adults, and very little attention was given to nonbinary individuals. Most studies used non-probability samples that were quite homogenous. Many studies, especially those with youth, assessed sexual orientation based on sexual attraction; some studies of adults operationalized SGM status as having a same-sex partner. Importantly, we found no studies that directly assessed associations between structural-level stigma and health outcomes. Studies were mostly focused at the individual level and on health problems; very little attention was given to strengths or resilience.ConclusionsFindings of persistent health disparities—despite the relatively long history of SGM supportive policies in the Netherlands—highlight the need for more research and greater attention to population groups that have been underrepresented. Such research would not only provide guidance on strategies to improve the health of SGM people in the Netherlands, but also in other countries that are seeking to reduce health inequities. Addressing SGM health disparities in the Netherlands and elsewhere is complex and requires a multifaceted approach that addresses individual, interpersonal and structural factors.

Knowledge and attitudes towards LGBT people and their healthcare needs among doctors in two selected hospitals in Sri Lanka

Abstract Introduction The sexual and gender minority (SGM) community is subjected to discrimination in healthcare settings due to the lack of knowledge and hostile attitudes among healthcare professionals globally. This study assesses the knowledge and attitudes of doctors in two hospitals in Sri Lanka towards SGM people &amp; identifies various factors associated with their knowledge &amp; attitudes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 Medical Officers in two Sri Lankan hospitals. Data were collected through an online self-administered survey created using the modified SEKHQ (Sex Education and Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire) &amp; AHQ (Attitudes Towards Homosexuality Questionnaire). The response rate was 97.3% (N = 109). Cutoff scores were created to determine whether the knowledge and attitudes were ‘good’, &amp; we used the Pearson correlation to assess their relationship. The association between attitudes and various factors was analyzed using the t test and we report p-values under 0.05. Results The preliminary results indicated that most Medical Officers had ‘good’ knowledge (70.6%; n = 84) &amp; attitudes (94.5%; n = 103) toward SGM people. A moderate &amp; positive linear correlation (r = 0.567) between knowledge &amp; attitudes was noted, such that better knowledge aligned with better attitudes. Sociodemographic factors, such as sex, marital status, &amp; hometown of the participants, &amp; professional factors, such as years of experience &amp; graduation from university, showed no association with attitudes. In contrast, a strong association between self-perceived religiosity (higher religiosity) &amp; negative attitudes was identified (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions The knowledge and attitudes of doctors in the selected hospitals are satisfactory, &amp; knowledge is a possible tool in shaping the attitudes toward the SGM community in Sri Lanka. Self-perceived religiosity harmed attitudes, which calls attention to specific education efforts needed among more religious providers.

토픽모델링을 활용한 성소수자 보도 분석

This study aimed to identify how Sexual and Gender Minority(SGM) are represented in the media by identifying the main issues that appear in reports on SGM in domestic media from 2001 to 2022. The data collected from BIGKinds was analyzed using the topic modeling method using R 3.4. As a result of the analysis, a total of eight themes (SGM rights and queer culture festivals, diversity and human rights issues as a political issue, the interaction between fear of COVID-19 infection and the hate of SGM, the problem of hate speech and discrimination against SGM people in our society, stories of living as an SGM, legal systems and rulings on SGM rights, changes towards an SGM-inclusive society abroad, and SGM people's lives in the entertainment and cultural industries) were identified. Implications were discussed based on the findings.

Self-Reported Barriers to Care Among Sexual and Gender Minority People With Disabilities: Findings From The PRIDE Study, 2019-2020.

Objectives. To examine the associations of self-reported disability status with health care access barriers for sexual and gender minority (SGM) people. Methods. The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study participants lived in the United States or its territories, completed the 2019 annual questionnaire (n = 4961), and self-reported their disability and health care access experiences, including whether they had a primary care provider, were uninsured, delayed care, and were unable to obtain care. We classified disabilities as physical, mental, intellectual, and other; compared participants to those without disabilities; and performed logistic regression to determine the associations of disability status and health care access barriers. Results. SGM people with disabilities were less likely to have a usual place to seek health care (69.0% vs 75.3%; P ≤ .001) and more often reported being mistreated or disrespected as reasons to delay care (29.0% vs 10.2%; P ≤ .001). SGM people with disabilities were more likely to delay care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.83, 3.81) and be unable to obtain care (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI = 2.59, 3.71). Conclusions. Future work should address culturally competent health care to ameliorate disparities for the SGM disability community. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(9):1009-1018. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307333).

Unique Issues Facing Sexual and Gender Minorities in Cancer.

There are few resources available that help providers understand unique issues sexual and gender minority (SGM) people face related to cancer screening and care. This article helps fill the gap by providing some of the top-line issues providers and policymakers should know, as assembled by one of the leading experts in this field, the executive director of the National LGBT Cancer Network. The sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer field has matured significantly in recent years, providing greater insight into the barriers and challenges experienced by this population. Not only are risks of cancer for the population higher, but SGM people also experience low access to tailored resources and ultimately lower satisfaction with care after treatment. This article will lay out key issues related to cancer and this population, including changing demographics, no presumption of care, other access to care barriers, systematic data suppression, and then the lack of population-specific cancer research. It will also review the first step in building a more welcoming clinical practice and give resources for additional steps.