Sexual Advances Research Articles

Do female child molesters implicitly associate children and sex? A preliminary investigation

A number of studies using the Implicit Association Test have shown successfully that male child molesters hold cognitive associations between children and sexual concepts. The results of such studies appear to indicate that male child molesters hold core cognitive associations that play some part in facilitating and/or maintaining sexual advances towards children. Given the relative success of the Implicit Association Test with male child molesters, we used this test with 17 female child molesters. The results showed that female child molesters did not differ from non-sexual offending females on the Implicit Association Test. In fact, female child molesters appeared more likely to associate adults with sexual concepts rather than children. We discuss these findings in relation to current assessment and treatment with female child molesters.

‘Tout, dans ses charmes, est dangereux’: music, gesture and the dangers of French pantomime, 1748–1775

AbstractIn 1779 Chabanon noted the potential danger inherent in gesture because it might produce instantaneous and harmful effects. This article examines how Rameau, Rousseau and Grétry incorporated putatively dangerous gestures into the pantomimes they wrote for their operas, and explains why these pantomimes matter at all. In Rameau's Pygmalion (1748), Rousseau's Le Devin du village (1752–3) and Grétry's Céphale et Procris (1773, 1775), pantomime was presented as a type of dance opposite to the conventional social dance. But the significance of this binary opposition changed drastically around 1750, in response to Rousseau's own moral philosophy developed most notably in the First Discourse (1750). Whereas the pantomimes in Rameau's Pygmalion dismiss peasants as uncultured, it is high culture that becomes the source of corruption in the pantomime of Rousseau's Le Devin du village, where uncultured peasants are praised for their morality. Grétry extended Rousseau's moral claim in the pantomime of Céphale et Procris by commending an uneducated girl who turns down sexual advances from a courtier. Central to these pantomimes are the ways in which musical syntax correlates with drama. Contrary to the predictable syntax in most social dances, these pantomimes bring to the surface syntactical anomalies that may be taken to represent moral licence: an unexpected pause, a jarring diminished-seventh chord, and a phrase in a minuet with odd-number bars communicate danger. Although social dances were still the backbone of most French operas, pantomime provided an experimental interface by which composers contested the meanings of expressive topoi; it thus emerged as a vehicle for progressive social thinking.

Occupational Stressors and Antinormative Behavior

Using Robert Agnew's General Strain Theory as a guiding framework, the relationship between workplace-related stressors and maladaptive emotional and behavioral outcomes was examined via personal interview data from a private-sector corporation. Victims of aggressive behavior, such as those who had been attacked or threatened physically, insulted or harassed by phone, insulted or called names, bothered with unwanted sexual advances, threatened of job security, set up for failure, or mistreated in some other way were more likely to maladaptively cope in various ways. Other less blatant mistreatment such as being kept from obtaining a raise, deprived of privileges given to others, denied training, or treated as if one did not exist revealed a similar differentiating relationship. Limitations and policy implications that accompany the findings are provided to inform organizations in their efforts to promote a safe, stable, and effective work environment.

P.1.c.043 Involvement of glutamate neurotransmission in the activation of midbrain dopamine neurones by 5-HT1A receptor agonists

Psychopathological origins of personally distressing, hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in women are unknown, but are generally attributed to an inhibitory neural regulator, serotonin (5‐HT). Flibanserin, a 5‐HT1A agonist and 5‐HT2A antagonist, shows promise as a treatment for HSDD.To test the hypothesis that female marmoset sexual behavior is enhanced by flibanserin and diminished by 8‐OH‐DPAT, in order to evaluate the efficacy of serotonergic modulation of female sexual behavior in a pairmate social setting comparable to humans.Sexual and social behavior were examined in eight female marmoset monkeys receiving daily flibanserin (15 mg/kg), 8‐OH‐DPAT (0.1 mg/kg), or corresponding vehicle for 15–16 weeks in a counterbalanced, within‐subject design, while housed in long‐term, stable male–female pairs.Marmoset pairmate interactions, including sexual and social behavior, were scored during weeks 5–6 of daily flibanserin, 8‐OH‐DPAT or vehicle treatment. 24‐hour pharmacokinetic profiles of the drugs and their metabolites, as well as drug‐induced acute symptoms of the 5‐HT behavioral syndrome were also assessed.Two‐way analysis of variance reveals that flibanserin‐treated females attract more male sexual interest (P = 0.020) and trigger increased grooming (P = 0.001) between partners. In contrast, 8‐OH‐DPAT‐treated females show increased rejection of male sexual advances (P = 0.024), a tendency for decreased male sexual interest (P = 0.080), and increased aggression with their male pairmates (P = 0.049).While 8‐OH‐DPAT‐treated female marmosets display decreased sexual receptivity and increased aggressive interactions with their male pairmates, flibanserin‐treated female marmosets demonstrate increased affiliative behavior with their male pairmates. Such pro‐affiliation attributes may underlie flibanserin's effectiveness in treating HSDD in women. Aubert Y, Gustison ML, Gardner LA, Bohl MA, Lange JR, Allers KA, Sommer B, Datson NA, and Abbott DH. Flibanserin and 8‐OH‐DPAT implicate serotonin in association between female marmoset monkey sexual behavior and changes in pair‐bond quality. J Sex Med 2012;9:694–707.

Male Colleagues\' Attitudes and Professional Women\'s Adjustment Patterns in their Work Setting

This study is a survey design set to determine the adjustment patterns of professional women to their male colleagues' attitude in their work setting. Data was collected from 450 respondents in Rivers state, using the stratified random sampling, and four variables were used to test the hypothesis. Results showed that there is no significant difference in the women's adjustment patterns to their male colleagues' attitude in their work place. However one of the variables (sexual advances) was significant, showing that women in the public sector adjust better than their counterparts in the private sector. Further analysis of the result in simple percentage show the adjustment patterns of professional women. It reveals that a higher percentage of professional women caution their male colleagues when they spite their authority, persuade them not to undermine their decisions, avoid their profane jokes and object strongly to their sexual advances. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 5 2008: pp. 37-42

Sexual Boundaries

This study examined a woman's clearly articulated sexual boundary and its effect on college students' discrimination of when a woman wants her date to stop making sexual advances. Male and female participants listened to an audio recording of a date rape vignette and signaled when the man should stop making sexual advances. Relative to participants in the no-boundary condition, participants who heard a discussion including a sexual boundary before intimate physical contact occurred displayed significantly shorter latencies to identify the inappropriateness of the man's behavior. No significant difference was observed between male and female participants.

The Social Organization of Desire: The Sexual Fields Approach

Modern urban life is increasingly characterized by specialized erotic worlds designed for sexual partnership and sexual sociality. In this article, I build on sociological theory developed in areas other than the sociology of sexuality to formulate a frame-work uniquely suited to the analysis of such modern erotic worlds—the sexual fields framework. Coupling Goffman's social psychological focus on situational negotiation with a Bourdieusian model of routine practice, the sexual fields framework highlights the relationship of interactional work to fields of objective relations wherein historically specific erotic schemas acquire a structural manifestation that erotic players must navigate. In so doing, the sexual fields approach advances a set of sensitizing concepts for identifying the structures of collective sexual life, and raises a set of new lines of sociological inquiry, including the relationship of sexual fields to both psychoanalytic and macro-level structures and processes.

Consumo máximo de oxigénio e estágio de maturação sexual de crianças e adolescentes

The objective of this study was to analyze the maximum oxygen uptake of children and adolescents during puberty. The study enrolled 779 children and adolescents of both sexes from Cotinguiba, SE, Brazil, 404 of whom were female and 379 of whom were male. Measurements were taken of weight, height and skin folds. Body fat percentage and lean body mass. Sexual maturity stages were established by self-assessment, based on appearance of pubic hair. The children's VO2max was estimated from the results of a 20 meter shuttle-run test. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and analysis of variance (p ² 0.05). The results suggest that absolute VO2max (l/min) increases progressively in both sexes as maturity advances. Significant differences between sexes are observed from maturity stage P3 onwards. Correlations between absolute VO2max (l/min) and maturity stages were significant for both sexes (p<0.05); while correlations between VO2max (relative to body weight and lean body mass), were negative for females (p<0.05). Analyses suggest that during puberty absolute VO2max increases gradually for both sexes, that VO2max is stable with relation to body mass, and that lean mass in males and decreases in females as sexual maturity advances.

Overcoming Habits of Whiteliness: Reading Shannon Sullivan's &lt;i&gt;Revealing Whiteness&lt;/i&gt;

In an essay for the New York Times magazine this past summer, the accomplished short story writer Carolyn Ferrell (2007) reflects back on her student days. Ferrell attended an exclusive college but as a poor brown-skinned girl from the wrong side of Long Island. To help with expenses she took a summer job as a cook's assistant at the estate of a wealthy white woman. The day she arrived, the maid quit, and her job expanded to fourteen-hour days but with no pay increase. Ferrell not bring herself to protest. Nothing terribly egregious occurred during the rest of the summer, no blatant racial taunts or unwanted sexual advances; but the conditions of her employment nonetheless tapped into a partly intangible legacy of race and class tensions with vast consequences. My Employer was frequently gone from the estate, Ferrell writes, but I feel the polite disdain of her gaze upon me at all times?while ironing her expensive blouses with lavender perfume, for instance. After two months Ferrell quit her job, and she did not see her employer again until some years later while on the way for a stay at the Barn, Edward Albee's artists' colony. The former employer warmly embraced her one time employee and, after hearing of Ferrell's many accomplishments, invited her to come by the house, adding that she could use some extra help in the kitchen. Ferrell writes that she looked into [those] cheery eyes and stood there helpless and humiliated: the old defeat still lay heavy in my bones (2007, 54). Old habits of response and bone-weary memories that are both personal and collective are the subject of Shannon Sullivan's important new book, Revealing Whiteness: The Unconscious Habits of Racial Privilege. The book confronts those subtle aspects of white privilege that render whites complicit with a system of racial oppression that many of us might aim to oppose. This exposure of a disavowed complicity is not an easy undertaking. In contrast to the self-professed ideologies of racial superiority that have propped up Jim Crow and slavery, white privilege functions for the most part as an invisible field of force even if it shares many of the same aims. In order to theorize this oppressive force, Sullivan draws on reflections of Dewey, DuBois, Fanon, and Jane Addams, as well as contemporary figures such as Patricia Williams and Jean Laplanche.

Harmful effects of alcohol on sexual behaviour in a New Zealand university community

The prevalence of hazardous drinking among university students in New Zealand is very high, but the impacts on sexual behaviour are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of alcohol-related risky and unwanted sexual experiences. We conducted a web-based survey of a random sample of university students, asking about specific experiences resulting from their own drinking or the drinking of others, and some beliefs about drinking. A total of 1564 students responded (82%) and the following were reported as the result of drinking, by women and men respectively, in the last 3 months: unprotected sex 11% and 15%; sex they were not happy with at the time 6% and 7%; sex later regretted 16% and 19%. Also, 34% of women and 25% of men reported unwanted sexual advances in the past 4 weeks as a result of other people's drinking. These experiences were all associated positively with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores of the respondents, certain types of living arrangements and specific attitudes to drinking. In addition, 1% of women and 0.5% of men reported sexual assault in the past 4 weeks. Interventions to reduce alcohol-related risky sexual behaviours should target both male and female drinkers and identifiable subgroups at higher risk. Prevention policy should also address the high levels of availability and promotion of alcohol in the campus environment.

Work place violence and negative affective responses: A test of Agnew's general strain theory

In an attempt to extend Agnew's (1992) general strain theory to adults in an organizational setting, an analysis of secondary data was conducted to determine how employee mistreatment by co-workers affects performance and well-being. Age, gender, race, education, religion, and ethnic discrimination were utilized as independent variables on outcome measures of negative emotional responses. Furthermore, harassment in the form of insults, sexual advances, threats, and other more subtle forms of mistreatment were employed as predictors of the same dysfunctional responses. Those employees who perceived harassment experienced significantly more negative emotions than those who did not. The theoretical relevance of the findings is discussed in conclusion.

What Do Red and Yellow Autumn Leaves Signal

The widespread phenomenon of red and yellow autumn leaves has recently attracted considerable scientific attention. The fact that this phenomenon is so prominent in the cooler, temperate regions and less common in warmer climates is a good indication of a climate-specific effect. In addition to the putative multifarious physiological benefits, such as protection from photoinhibition and photo-oxidation, several plant/animal interaction functions for such coloration have been proposed. These include (1) that the bright leaf colors may signal frugivores about ripe fruits (fruit flags) to enhance seed dispersal; (2) that they signal aphids that the trees are well defended (a case of Zahavi’s handicap principle operating in plants); (3) that the coloration undermines herbivore insect camouflage; (4) that they function according to the “defense indication hypothesis,” which states that red leaves are chemically defended because anthocyanins correlate with various defensive compounds; or (5) that because sexual reproduction advances the onset of leaf senescence, the pigments might indicate to sucking herbivores that the leaves have low amounts of resources. Although the authors of hypotheses 3, 4, and 5 did not say that bright autumn leaves are aposematic, since such leaves are chemically defended, unpalatable, or both, we suggest that they are indeed aposematic. We propose that in addition to the above-mentioned hypotheses, autumn colors signal to herbivorous insects about another defensive plant property: the reliable, honest, and critical information that the leaves are about to be shed and may thus cause their mortality. We emphasize that all types of defensive and physiological functions of autumn leaves may operate simultaneously.

Entrapping the Innocent: Toward a Theory of Child Sexual Predators? Luring Communication

This paper examines an unexplored form of communication deviance—the communicative process of entrapment used by child sexual predators to lure their victims into an ongoing sexual relationship. Specifically, using grounded theory methodology to analyze extant literature, a theory of luring communication (LCT) is proposed. The LCT begins by discussing how certain perpetrators gain access to particular types of children. Once in contact with a child, the perpetrator sets in motion the cycle of entrapment, which allows him to communicatively groom and entrap the child into accepting sexual advances. The theory then explores how certain communication responses by the perpetrator and the victim characterize the sustenance or disruption of an ongoing sexually abusive relationship. The essay ends with a series of propositional statements and suggestions for empirically testing and extending the theory.

Alcohol Consumption and Females’ Recognition in Response to Date Rape Risk: The Role of Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies

This study examined the pharmacological and psychological effects of alcohol on women’s recognition of and response to dating sexual aggression. Female participants completed measures of prior sexual victimization experiences, sex related alcohol expectancies, general alcohol expectancies, and drinking habits. Using a 2 (alcohol) × 2 (expectancy) balanced placebo research design, women were exposed to an audiotape date rape vignette and asked to press a button when the man’s sexual advances had gone to far. Upon pressing the button, the tape was stopped and participants were instructed to imagine themselves in the same situation and generate a response describing what they would say and/or do at that point. Results indicated that although alcohol and expectancy were not related to risk perception, individuals who consumed alcohol displayed significantly less resistant role play refusals. A significant interaction between expectancy set and pre-existing sex-related alcohol expectancies was observed indicating participants believing alcohol affects sexual behavior generated less resistant refusal responses when they expected to receive alcohol. Moreover, for those who expected to receive alcohol, stronger pre-existing sex-related alcohol expectancies predicted less resistant refusal responses over above the effects of blood alcohol level and general alcohol expectancies. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale

This study reports on the development and psychometric evaluation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS). Data from 576 college women were collected in three studies. Exploratory factor analysis uncovered two factors: Body Evaluation and Unwanted Explicit Sexual Advances; confirmatory factor analysis supported this factor structure. ISOS scores were internally consistent and stable over a 3-week period. Supporting its construct validity, ISOS scores were (a) strongly related to sexist degradation; (b) slightly to moderately related to other sexist events, self-objectification (i.e., body surveillance and internalization of the thin-ideal), and body shame; and (c) unrelated to socially desirable responding. The relationship between ISOS scores and body shame was fully mediated by self-objectification, providing additional evidence for its construct validity. Furthermore, the ISOS garnered incremental validity, as it predicted self-objectification above and beyond the variance accounted for by sexist events.

Comparative efficacy of risperidone versus haloperidol on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia

Background Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cannot be regarded as a single clinical syndrome, but rather as a heterogeneous group of symptoms, each of which can be considered as possible targets for therapy. Objective To compare the efficacy of risperidone and haloperidol on specific manifestations of BPSD. Methods A post-hoc analysis was conducted using data from an 18-week, randomized, double-blind, crossover head-to-head trial of risperidone vs haloperidol in treating 114 nursing-home residents with BPSD. Dependent variables were item scores of the Korean versions of the Behavioural Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD-K) and Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI-K). Results On the BEHAVE-AD-K, risperidone was significantly more effective than haloperidol in treating wandering (p = 0.0496), agitation (p = 0.0091), diurnal rhythm disturbances (p = 0.0137), anxiety regarding upcoming events (p = 0.0002), and other anxieties (p = 0.0088). On the CMAI-K, risperidone was significantly more effective in treating physical sexual advances (p = 0.0202), pacing and aimless wandering (p = 0.0123), intentional falling (p = 0.0398), hoarding things (p = 0.0499), performing repetitious mannerisms (p = 0.0048), repetitive sentence or questions (p = 0.0025), complaining (p = 0.0101), and negativism (p = 0.0027). Haloperidol was not significantly superior to risperidone on any individual item in either scale. Conclusions When comparing treatment effects on individual symptoms frequently occurring in patients with dementia, risperidone significantly improved symptoms of agitation, wandering, diurnal rhythm disturbance and anxieties, among other symptoms, compared with haloperidol. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Neoplasms and pathology of sexual developmental disorders (intersex)

Continuing new insights into the biology of sexual development and advances in chromosome analysis have led to early identification and prompt treatment of the intersexual patient, the results of which facilitate a more normal life for affected individuals. Based on these advances, a classification of abnormal sexual development has been developed and refined that correlates the gonadal and genital anatomy with the chromosomal findings and specific genetic or metabolic defects. In a shift from a classification anchored on whether the intersex revolves about a specific gene or whole chromosomal abnormality, the current classification is organised by broader categories into which the intersexual disorders are divided into 'abnormalities of genital differentiation', due largely to the abnormal production or sensitivity of a single hormone, or 'abnormalities in sex determination', due to abnormal gonadal differentiation, usually testicular, with or without chromosomal aberration. The current classification is an integrated approach to this complex group of disorders and is organised according to the manner by which patients present as well as on the pathophysiological basis of the defect. The classification also groups patients who are at high risk for development of gonadal neoplasia.

Sexual advances

BJU InternationalVolume 99, Issue 2 p. 461-462 Sexual advances Dr Michael G Wyllie, Dr Michael G WyllieSearch for more papers by this author Dr Michael G Wyllie, Dr Michael G WyllieSearch for more papers by this author First published: 19 January 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06745.xCitations: 4Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume99, Issue2February 2007Pages 461-462 RelatedInformation

Posttraumatic Kleine–Levin syndrome

Kleine–Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder which most commonly occurs in adolescent males [1]. However, cases of KLS in females and older adults have been reported [2–4]. The key episodic triad of the syndrome are hypersomnia, hyperphagia and hypersexuality. The revised International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) provides the most comprehensive definition of KLS, which is classified as brecurrent hypersomniaQ [5]. It is characterised by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, and the associated features during the episodes include at least one of the following: voracious eating, hypersexuality, disinhibited behaviours (such as irritability, aggression, disorientation, confusion and hallucinations), absence of urinary incontinence and presence of verbal responses to strong stimulation. Indiscriminate hypersexuality including inappropriate sexual advances and overt masturbation can be seen in males (and less often in females) [6]. KLS is described under the brecurrent form of primary hypersomniaQ in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IVTR) [6]. However, in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), it is classified as bother sleep disordersQ in the section bDiseases of the Nervous System,Q rather than in the section of bMental and Behavioural DisordersQ [7]. The underlying pathophysiology and etiology of KLS is unclear. The hypothalamus, frontal lobe, and medial temporal lobe have been proposed to be involved in the development of KLS [3,8–13]. Few cases of KLS associated with head injury have been reported in the literature [1,4,14–16]. In this report, a case of posttraumatic KLS in an older man with an abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan is described. Computed tomography (CT) and MRI brain scan results on other cases of posttraumatic

The Role of Women's Alcohol Consumption in Managing Sexual Intimacy and Sexual Safety Motives

Two studies, based on an alcohol myopia model, were designed to understand the role of women's alcohol consumption on vulnerability to sexual assault. We predicted that, in a high- conflict social situation, alcohol would make it more difficult to recognize sexual assault risk, lowering intentions to resist sexual advances. In Study 1, women (N = 51) were recruited in bars and classified as having a high (.06 or greater) breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) or low BrAC. They were asked to project themselves into a hypothetical scenario that portrayed interest in establishing an intimate relationship and included mild sexual aggression. In Study 2, women (N = 101) were randomly assigned to an alcohol (target BrAC: .08%), placebo, or no-alcohol condition. They responded at two time points to a similar hypothetical scenario that described mild sexual aggression (Time 1) and serious sexual aggression (Time 2). In Study 1, women with higher BrAC perceived less risk in the scenario and anticipated less resistance than women with low BrAC. In Study 2, similar results were found but only following serious aggression. There were no placebo effects. Both studies suggest that the effects of alcohol on resistance are partially mediated via risk perceptions. Alcohol appears to reduce intentions to resist sexual advances from an acquaintance while increasing intentions to pursue relationship-enhancing behaviors. Effects are not completely explained by an alcohol myopia perspective. Differences in findings between the two studies may reflect differences in methodology, context, or sample.