Sex-related Problems Research Articles

Study of Attitude and Knowledge toward Sexual Health among Postgraduate Medical Students

Abstract Background: The current medical curriculum for both undergraduates and postgraduates is deficient as it does not address the relevant aspects resulting in incomplete training and avoidance of asking about sexual health in routine clinical practice. This research studied the existing knowledge and comfort while taking sexual history, as well as managing the sex-related problems in patients by the medical postgraduates. Methods: Two hundred medical residents were recruited in the study after informed consent and ethics approval. Residents in I/II/III years in clinical and nonclinical disciplines were enrolled after systematic sampling. A semi-structured pro forma was used to collect information on knowledge, comfort, and training in sexual health with the help of open and closed-ended questions. Results: All knew about menstrual and reproductive health, 70% had knowledge about anatomy and sexual response cycle, 40% about sexual dysfunctions or its treatment. 76% expressed no adequate training was given and 96% felt that the lectures on sexual medicine were less useful. Ninety-one percent wanted training using videotapes, role plays, and group discussions. Sixty-eight percent were comfortable talking about sexual problems to patients of the same sex and 27% to the opposite sex. Ninety-eight percent gave the inability to maintain privacy and confidentiality while sexual history taking in both outpatient and indoor settings. Conclusions: Our study has highlighted some of the existing lacunae in the current Indian educational system with regard to sexual health, the existing knowledge and comfort of the postgraduates. More studies and research should be conducted to support the evidence. Curriculum changes with importance to sexual health and increased training can further be considered.

Early Sex Education in Nigeria(Overview)

The focus of this study was to investigate the impact of Early sex education in Nigeria. The results revealed that there are Outbreaks and Haigh rates of sexual embarrassment like Firebreaks in the forest, problems, misuse of sex, high teenage pregnancies and abortion, and inadequate information on sex. Sex education is a vital aspect of the health education curriculum. It provides factual knowledge to assist parents and teachers, children and adolescents to avoid sex-related problems. The knowledge also includes ways of helping children develop self-respect, sexual understanding, define the values of interpersonal relationships and strengthen communication skills in sex and education. This promotes a wholesome and stable sex life. Parents and teachers must acquire a scientific, social, and psychological understanding of the need for sex education. The sexual revolutions among contemporary youths recommend sex education as an imperative for adolescents that should be protected from the harmful effects of deviant sexual behaviors.

Patterns and predictors of sexual dysfunction in women with epilepsy

ObjectivesAvailable data about sexual-related problems among Egyptian women with epilepsy (WWE) are scarce. Hence, this work aimed to study the pattern and predictors of sexual dysfunction in a sample of Egyptian WWE. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, sexually active WWE and age and years of marriage-matched healthy controls were included. The Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI) was used to assess sexual function in both groups. ResultsIn the patient group (n = 142), the median age was 33 (28–39), whereas the median age of the control group (n = 142) was 33.5 (28–36). Women with epilepsy had significantly lower desire, arousal, pain, and FSFI-total scores than the control group (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.023, 0.008, respectively). There was a significant difference between the FSFI-total score of women on polytherapy and those on monotherapy (P = 0.042), as well as between those on enzyme-inducing ASMs and those on ASMs that did not affect P450 (P = 0.032). Seizure frequency in the last three months was negatively correlated with scores of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction (P 0.047, 0.02, 0.009, 0.013, 0.046, respectively). By multiple backward linear regression models, age, and seizure frequency were the significant predictors of the FSFI-total score (B −0.219, −0.33, respectively). ConclusionThe pattern of sexual dysfunction among Egyptian WWE is characterized by reduced sexual desire, arousal deficits, and sexual-related pain. Seizure frequency, epilepsy duration, enzyme-inducing medications, and multiple anti-seizure medications (ASMs) may adversely affect WWE's sexual health. The only factor that could predict higher sexual dysfunction in WWE was higher seizure frequency.

Sexuality, fertility, family planning, family life, and partnership in young breast cancer patients: a longitudinal study.

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) breast cancer patients are often faced with sexuality-related problems. Since healthcare providers are often unfamiliar with problems specific to AYA cancer this topic is too little integrated into routine oncological care. The objective of this study was to analyze sexuality, fertility, family planning, family life, and partnership regarding satisfaction and supportive care needs in AYA breast cancer patients. A total of 139 AYA breast cancer patients were examined twice, 1 year apart. The patients were asked to complete several questionnaires and to answer multiple questions about satisfaction with sexuality, fertility, family planning, family life, and corresponding supportive care needs in these domains. While the patients were largely satisfied with their family life and partnerships, they were less satisfied with their sexuality and family planning. Only small mean score changes were observed in these variables over the course of a year. Being a parent already and having the possibility of further completing family planning were strongly associated with higher satisfaction and lower supportive care needs in these domains. Satisfaction was generally negatively associated with supportive care needs. Older age was predictive of lower satisfaction with sexuality at follow-up. AYA cancer patients deserve special consultations concerning the impact of cancer and treatment on their sexuality and fertility, and it is especially important that women who have yet to complete their family planning be actively offered information and support concerning sexuality and fertility protection before beginning treatment.

A latent class analysis of alcohol-related problems among adults who drank in the past year

ABSTRACT Background Research on alcohol-related problems often examines individual problem types in isolation or uses scales that provide a single cumulative severity score for alcohol-related harms. This study aims to assess the patterns of seventeen distinct alcohol-related problems and how they co-occur. Methods The East Bay Neighborhood Study surveyed a community sample of 864 adults who drank in the past year in Alameda County, California. Participants reported if they experienced each of seventeen alcohol-related problems in the last year. Latent class analysis assessed subgroups of problems. Logistic regression models examined associations between class membership, sociodemographics, and alcohol use. Results A two-class model best fit the data. The multiple problems class (18% of respondents) was characterized by experiencing problems of all types and almost all experiences of legal, violence, and risky sex-related problems. The none/few problems class (82%) was characterized by a low prevalence of all problem types, with only a small proportion experiencing hangovers. In adjusted models, only older age (AOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.88–0.92) had lower odds of multiple problems class membership. Conclusions Numerous alcohol-related problems co-occurred within a small subgroup of people who drank in the last year, while the majority experienced few problems. Results suggest that focusing on singular alcohol-related problems may overlook patterns of concurrent problems in high-risk groups.

Mindfulness-Based Intervention and Sexuality: A Systematic Review.

Mindfulness has generated considerable interest in the last two decades in clinical and research settings. The efficacy of mindfulness has been evaluated for the sexual dysfunctions recognized by the DSM-5 and other sexual problems, such as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), also known as sex addiction or hypersexuality. Here, we review the evidence for various mindfulness-based treatments as mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral treatment or mindfulness-based relapse prevention for different problems related to sexuality to respond our question: "Are Mindfulness-Based Treatments (MBT) effective in reducing the symptomatology of sexuality-related disorders?". Through a systematic search conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, we found 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria: (I) articles using MBT for sexuality-related problems, (II) clinical population, (III) no date range limits were applied, (IV) only empirical studies were included, (V) language and (VI) quality of studies. Evidence shows that mindfulness practice could be effective for some sexual disorders, such as female sexual arousal/desire disorder. However, due to scarcity of studies on other sexual problems such as situational erectile dysfunction, genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder, childhood sexual abuse or compulsive sexual behavior disorder, the findings cannot be generalized. Mindfulness-based therapies provides evidence to reduce the symptomatology associated with various sexual problems. However more studies are needed for these sexual problems. By last, future directions and implications are discussed.

Gender, Pleasure, and Violence: The Construction of Expert Knowledge of Sexuality in Poland [Płeć, przyjemność i przemoc: Kształtowanie wiedzy eksperckiej o seksualności w Polsce

<i>Gender, Pleasure, and Violence: The Construction of Expert Knowledge of Sexuality in Poland</i> [Płeć, przyjemność i przemoc: Kształtowanie wiedzy eksperckiej o seksualności w Polsce

Pregnancy and sexual related problems among women living on the street in dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021: qualitative study

BackgroundThe problem of women and youths living on the street is a global phenomenon. It has created countless problems while they lived on the street; such as unwanted pregnancies, sexual exploitation and prostitution. It is a frequent observation to see women begging on the streets of major cities in Ethiopia having one or two babies by their sides. This study will give an in-depth understanding of the distressing and highly challenging problem among women on the street regarding pregnancy and related problems.ObjectiveTo explore pregnancy and sexual-related problems among women living on the street in Dire Dawa city, Eastern Ethiopia 2021.MethodsA community-based phenomenological qualitative study was conducted at Dire Dawa city. Data was collected from homeless women and Key informants through focus group discussion and in-depth interviews using a semi-structured tool aided by a voice recorder. Data were analyzed thematically using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software Atlas.ti7. The thematic analysis with inductive approach goes through 6 steps; Familiarization, Coding, Generating themes, Reviewing themes, Defining and naming themes and Writing up.ResultWomen living on the street are more likely to experience physical abuse, sexual harassment, Sexual transmitted infection, unprotected sex and unwanted pregnancy. As a result, the fate of this pregnancy is abortion leads to high risk of getting health complications as most abortions are made in illegal and unsafe ways.ConclusionTeen pregnancy, STI, rape and unsafe abortion are the major concerns as it accompanied by their homelessness situation and abusive lifestyles. The regional health bureau needs to understand the extent of problem and plan to organize an awareness creation program on STI, risk of pregnancy and SRH services.

Problems undermining the health-related quality of life of people living with HIV in Spain: a qualitative study to inform the development of a novel clinic screening tool

BackgroundIn settings with high antiretroviral therapy coverage, numerous health-related issues continue to undermine the health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people living with HIV (PLHIV). As part of a larger study to develop and validate a new patient-reported outcome measure for use in HIV clinical care in Spain, we sought to identify the most burdensome health-related issues experienced by PLHIV in order to determine which issues should be addressed in the new instrument.MethodsWe conducted a literature review and a qualitative study based on four focus group discussions (FGDs) with key informants in Spain. Participants were selected via purposive sampling. Two FGDs convened 16 expert HIV service providers, and two convened 15 PLHIV with diverse epidemiological profiles. FGDs followed semi-structured interview scripts and incorporated an exercise to prioritise the most critical health-related issues among those named in the discussions. Content analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 12.ResultsThe analysis of FGD data identified several broad categories of issues that were perceived to negatively affect PLHIV. The most frequently named issues fell within the categories of social problems; physical symptoms; psychological problems; and sexuality-related problems. Regarding social problems, stigma/discrimination was by far the issue raised the most frequently. In the prioritisation exercise, stigma/discrimination was also ranked as the most burdensome issue by both service providers and PLHIV. Within the physical symptoms category, the issues named most frequently were sleep-related problems, fatigue, physical pain and body fat changes. Regarding psychological problems, FGD participants most commonly spoke of emotional distress in general terms, and also called attention to depression and anxiety. In the prioritisation exercise, both service providers and PLHIV ranked psychological well-being as the second-most important issue following stigma. Sexuality-related problems that were reported included sexually transmitted infections, hormonal problems, lack of libido, and general sexual dissatisfaction.ConclusionsPLHIV are negatively affected by a wide range of health-related issues. HIV-related stigma and psychological well-being remain major challenges. Identifying and addressing these and other issues in routine clinical care supports healthy aging and may ultimately contribute to better health and HRQoL outcomes in this population.

Suicide Among Adolescents: A Medico-legal Study at Tertiary Care Centre of Western Maharashtra, India

Globally, suicide is the second leading cause of mortality among young people and is an important public health problem.The main aim of the study is to identify the pattern of suicide among adolescent age group and to suggest preventivemethods. This is a retrospective autopsy-based study from 01 June 2018 to 31 May 2019 conducted at the Department ofForensic Medicine, B. J. Government Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Total 84 cases of suicidal death amongadolescent (11 to 19 years) were recorded during the study period. Maximum number of cases (52.38 %) was observedin late adolescent age group (18–19 years) with Female predominance (70.23 %) with F:M ratio was 2.45:1. Hanging(79.76 %) was the most common method used for committing suicide and maximum adolescent (73.80%) preferred theirown residence for committing suicide. Love affair was observed as most common precipitating factor for committingsuicide (42.85 %) and other precipitating factors were quarrel between parents, depression and addiction, school relatedproblems, sex related problems, one sided love. The paper discussed different preventive methods, specific to adolescentage so as to help in identifying vulnerable adolescent.

A Review on Protective Action of Herbal Drugs Against Fall-Off Libido Due to Chronic Use of Β-Blockers(Propranolol)

From the ancient times human have always tried to correct the sex related problems from various herbal medicinal plants and their extracts with various dosage forms. The history of sex therapy is very old and herbal drugs have been the great reliever as the sex therapy from the evolution of human. Instead of the current scenario with the synthetic compounds the herbal drugs are far more safe and comparatively effective without any serious side effects. Antihypertensives such as β-blockers can cause the side effects which are responsible for the diminished quality of life. The chronic use of such drugs can be more fatal in some cases than their actual gain. Several sexual problems can occur such as erectile dysfunction , loss of libido, ejaculation disorders etc. The phytochemicals found in the plants which are having aphrodisiac properties shows sildenafil like effect on human body without the side effects of synthetic compound. The pharmaceutically active compounds found in natural aphrodisiacs such as flavonoids , saponins, free amino acids and vitamins are known to be libido enhancer and hence useful in treating sexual disorders. The natural aphrodisiacs can be derived from any source including medicinal plants , vegetables, flowers ,roots or fruits and their pharmacological potential varies as per the part of the plant used. The target of this review article is to deliver information about medicinal plants for the protective action against fall-off libido due to chronic use of β-blockers and to investigate for further secondary phytochemicals for aphrodisiac potential.

Determinants of internet-based resources for sex education among in-school and out-of-school adolescents in Kogi State, Nigeria

Sex education is a vital aspect of health education. It provides factual knowledge to assist adolescents to avoid sex related problems. Due to the sensitive nature of sex education many adolescents rely on internet resources for information on sex education because it offers information in a confidential manner. The study assessed and compared the determinants of internet based resources for sex education among in and out of school adolescents in Kogi State. The study was comparative cross-sectional in nature and involved comparison of selected in and out of school adolescents in Okene. Data was collected from 600 adolescents. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the required study subjects. Simple frequencies, chi-square and multivariate analysis were carried out. The mean age for in-school adolescents was 14.52± 2.17 years, while the mean age for out-of-school adolescents was 17.19± 1.54 years. Prevalence of internet use for sex education among the in-school adolescents was 41 and 59.2% for the out-of-school adolescents. The most searched sex education topic among in-school adolescents was sexual activities (73.5%) while sexual abuse (75.8%) was the most searched sex education topic among out-of-school adolescents. The determinants of use of internet-based resources for sex education among the in and out-of-school adolescents were curiosity, religiosity and less information from teachers. The study concluded that internet use for sex education is more prevalent among out of school adolescents compared to their in-school counterpart. Key words: Sex education, adolescents, in-school, out of school, internet based resources, determinants.

The Benefit of a Couple-Based Intervention Among Women in Active Cancer Treatment on Sexual Concerns: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Sexuality-related problems are common in women with cancer, threatening their sexual well-being and intimate relationships. Evidence-based interventions addressing the full range of sexual concerns among women in active cancer treatment are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a novel couple-based intervention focusing on sexual concerns among women undergoing cancer treatment, including a subgroup of women with breast cancer. A secondary aim was to assess changes in illness intrusiveness in daily life. A quasi-experimental single-group pre-post follow-up design was used. The study was initially planned as a randomized controlled trial with waitlist control group receiving delayed intervention. However, substantial differences were observed in clinical and demographic variables between the treatment group and control group, resulting in using a single-group pre-post follow-up design. The intervention consists of 3 advanced nurse-led, face-to-face couple-based sessions supported by access to web-based information. Women in active cancer treatment participated in the study (n = 60) together with their partners (n = 60). The main results showed significant differences between time points in the outcome measures for concerns related to the sexual adverse effects of cancer treatment (T1 vs T2, and T2 vs T3), sexual concerns related to the women's partners (T1 vs T2), and for concerns related to communication with healthcare providers about sexuality-related issues (T1 vs T2). No significant changes were found over time with respect to illness interference on the intimacy or instrumental subscales. The results demonstrated that the approach of 3 couple-based therapeutic conversations is beneficial in reducing sexual concerns among women in active cancer treatment. Advanced nurse practitioners can develop and offer brief psychoeducational support that is helpful in reducing sexual concerns among women in active cancer treatment.

MOST POTENT AGE AND SEX-RELATED PROBLEMS OF THE ADOLESCENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ADOLESCENCE EDUCATION IN BAYELSA STATE

This study assessed the most potent problems of the adolescents and the educational implications in Bayelsa State of Nigeria. A sample of 1593 adolescents was randomly selected for the study from the senior secondary schools in the State. The purpose of the study is to find out the most potent age and sex-related problems of the adolescents in Bayelsa state of Nigeria. The Adolescents’ Problems Questionaire (APQ) was used to collect data from the adolescents. The hypotheses of the study were tested with descriptive statistics, one-way anova as well as two-way anova with Scheffe’s test of significance in order to be able to take appropriate decisions. Results indicated that adolescents in Bayelsa State were mostly affected by personal, social and psychological issues, and that the severity of these problems were more of age and sex differences interaction. The study recommended that society should pay attention to the adolescents with a view to understanding their nature and the kinds of problems they encounter, and that appropriate education with emphasis on adolescence guidance and counseling services should be given to them, periodically, in Bayelsa State, to provide the adolescents opportunity to explore their nature.

Development and Validation of a Sexual-Outlook Questionnaire (SOQ) for Adult Populations in the Republic of Korea.

A Sexual Outlook Questionnaire (SOQ) that can apply to a wide range of Korean populations, including disabled people, was necessary for comprehensive research on improving clinical practice of sexual education and developing sex-related intervention programs. We developed the SOQ and tested its validity with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and multi-trait/-item matrix analyses. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient for item total correlations. We studied a total of 334 married or previously married adults with no cognitive impairment in the community settings. The eleven survey items were included in the final SOQ. Three factors were found: The first, “personal benefit”, was devoted to the impact of one’s sexual life and included four questions about the health-promoting effects and their recognition of healthiness, youth, and vitality as benefits of their sexual life. The second, “relational value”, included four questions about sex as an expression of love and means of communication, and its effect on the improvement of their relationship with their spouse (partner). The third, “sexual endeavor”, included three questions about the handling of sex-related problems, consulting with an expert, and sexual education. The questionnaire can briefly measure the sexual outlook of any married or previously married adult, regardless of disability.

Assessment of Guidance and Counselling Service Centre in Higher Education Institutions: A Qualitative Research

Background: Guidance and counseling services in all higher education institutions cannot be overstated due to increasingly complexities of modern life that have placed heavy demands and responsibilities on students. This study tried to assess how Counseling Service Center of higher education institutions (HEI) can better serve students to be successful academically, socially and psychologically. Methods: Explorative qualitative research was conducted in higher education institutions students. Accordingly, 12 club representatives and secretaries were selected from four campuses purposively. Totally 48 participants for focus group discussion(FGD) were conducted with each two club representatives such as academic, gender, welfare, peace, students council and discipline clubs. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively on thematic basis. Results: The most commonly observed problems in the campus were: academic (study skill, time management and career counseling need), psychological (stress, anxiety, depression drug addiction, sexual related problems, suicide, and loneliness (homesickness)) and interpersonal relationship (lack of conflict management skill, violence handling, discrimination, assertiveness, communication) problems. Conclusion: Students academic, psychological and interpersonal relationship problems can bring about academic failure among higher education institutions students. The respondents suggested that academic and psychological problems needs more attention to intervene for students’ academic success

Sexual Satisfaction and Frequency of Orgasm in Women With Chronic Pelvic Pain due to Endometriosis

BackgroundDyspareunia, one of the main symptoms of the chronic gynecological pelvic pain disorder endometriosis, may interfere with the likelihood of reaching an orgasm, yet for women with dyspareunia, no data on orgasm rates in different sexual activities are available. AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the ability to reach an orgasm and its association with sexual satisfaction during different sexual activities in women with a chronic pelvic pain disorder and in healthy control women. MethodsA set of questionnaires including the brief index of sexual functioning and global sexual functioning was used to evaluate sexuality in women affected with endometriosis (n = 434) and a nonaffected control group (n = 434) recruited in German-speaking countries. OutcomesThe primary outcome measure of this study was the orgasm rate during different types of sexual activities. ResultsOnly the ability to have an orgasm during sexual intercourse (P = .002) but not during masturbation (P = .509) or partnered noncoital sexual activities (P = .229) is affected by endometriosis. Dyspareunia was associated with a reduced ability to experience an orgasm during intercourse for endometriosis patients (P = .020) and control women (P = .006). The ability to orgasm during noncoital sexual activities (P = .006) and sexual intercourse (P = .038) was associated with a higher sexual satisfaction in women with endometriosis. For controls, only the ability to achieve an orgasm with sexual intercourse was associated with sexual satisfaction (P = .038). Clinical implicationsSexual counselling as part of medical support could help couples living with chronic pelvic pain of the female partner integrate noncoital sexual activities in their sex lives, leading to fewer sex-related problems and higher sexual desire and satisfaction. Strengths and limitationsThis study is the first to examine different ways of achieving an orgasm and sexual satisfaction in a large group of women with endometriosis and a matched control group. The breadth of the questionnaire allowed a differentiated analysis of factors influencing the likelihood of achieving an orgasm and overall sexual satisfaction. The one limitation is that the length and the intimate nature of the questionnaire possibly resulted in reluctance to answer this part of the questionnaire. ConclusionPartnered noncoital sexual activities may represent an alternative to reach orgasm for women with endometriosis-related chronic pelvic pain or anorgasmia during sexual intercourse.Hämmerli S, Kohl-Schwartz A, Imesch P, et al. Sexual Satisfaction and Frequency of Orgasm in Women With Chronic Pelvic Pain due to Endometriosis. J Sex Med 2020;17:2417–2426.

Sexual Orientation–Related Differences in Sexual Satisfaction and Sexual Problems—A Population-Based Study in Sweden

IntroductionHuman sexuality is a natural and important part of peoples’ life and well-being. The underlying interactions affecting sexual satisfaction are complex, and sexual orientation differences partly remain to be identified as well as explained. AimOur aim was to investigate sexual orientation–related differences in sexual satisfaction and sexual dissatisfaction and differences in sexual function and sexual-related problems. MethodsWe used Swedish data from SRHR2017 (sexual and reproductive health and rights), based on self-administered surveys, linked to nationwide registers. The national sample consisted of 14,537 women and men aged 16–84 years. With logistic regression, we examined sexual orientation–related differences in self-reported sexual satisfaction and sexual dissatisfaction, stratified by sex. Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measures of this study are odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). ResultsBisexual women were more dissatisfied with their sex life, as compared with heterosexual women (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3–2.6), as were bisexual men compared with heterosexual men (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.7–4.4). A bisexual or lesbian identity was a robust risk factor for premature orgasm (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1–3.9 and OR: 8.0; 95% CI: 3.2–20.0, respectively). Lesbian women seemed to have lower risk for many sexual-related problems (however not significant). Gay men lacked arousal (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6–6.9), had no orgasm (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.4–4.7), and were at lower risk of experiencing premature ejaculation (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0.9), as compared with heterosexual men. ConclusionOur findings contribute to the sparse evidence of some sexual orientation differences in sexual satisfaction and sexual dysfunctions. Especially bisexual women and men appear to experience less sexual satisfaction in relation to heterosexual and homosexual women and men.Björkenstam C, Mannheimer L, Löfström M, et al. Sexual Orientation–Related Differences in Sexual Satisfaction and Sexual Problems—A Population-Based Study in Sweden. J Sex Med 2020;17:2362–2369.

Gender-Related Differences in Associations Between Sexual Abuse and Hypersexuality

BackgroundIndividuals with histories of sexual abuse may be more likely to experience sexual-related problems including hypersexuality, but gender-related differences remain unclear. AimThis online study examined sexual abuse history and hypersexuality by gender among 16,823 Hungarian adults, adjusting for age, sexual orientation, relationship status, education, employment status, and residence. MethodsAn online questionnaire on one of the largest Hungarian news portals advertised this study examining sexual activities in January 2017. 3 categorizations of age-related sexual abuse were examined: child sexual abuse (CSA) occurring at age 13 and earlier (compared to no abuse), adolescent/adult sexual abuse (AASA; compared to no abuse), and CSA and AASA (CSA/AASA; compared to one age-related category of abuse or the other). OutcomesThe outcome variable, hypersexuality, was examined as a continuous variable due to the low prevalence of clinical hypersexuality in this sample. 3 multivariate linear regression analyses adjusting for covariates aimed to predict hypersexuality from each category of abuse, along with gender and its interaction with each category. ResultsIn all models, younger age, non-heterosexual sexual orientation, male gender, single relationship status, less than full-time work, and living in a capital city were associated with hypersexuality, and education was not a significant predictor. CSA, AASA, and CSA/AASA predicted hypersexuality in both men and women. There was a significant interaction between CSA/AASA and gender, such that the relationship between CSA/AASA and hypersexuality was stronger in men than in women. Clinical TranslationSexual abuse at each developmental time-point may influence hypersexuality among men and women, although the cumulative impact of CSA and AASA on hypersexuality may be particularly relevant among men. Strengths & LimitationsThis is one of the largest studies to examine gender-related differences in the relationship between sexual abuse and hypersexuality. Nevertheless, our study is cross-sectional, and longitudinal work is needed to determine how sexual abuse affects children, adolescents, and adults throughout their lives. ConclusionDevelopmental impacts of sexual abuse may be considered in a gender-informed fashion in order to develop and optimize effective prevention and treatment strategies for hypersexuality.Slavin MN, Blycker GR, Potenza MN, et al. Gender-Related Differences in Associations Between Sexual Abuse and Hypersexuality. J Sex Med 2020;17:2029–2038.

School Health Needs Assessment in Chanchamayo, Peru: A Health Promoting School Project.

Background: School-based health promotion can be particularly valuable in developing countries. However, there is a lack of information about the health needs of Peruvian school students. The purpose of this study was to conduct a health needs assessment to develop strategies for a school health promotion program in a jungle and indigent region in Chanchamayo, Peru.Methods: This study was conducted using a mixed method approach that included a literature review, national and local statistics, stakeholder interviews, and a survey. Participants of the survey were 210 teachers, 2,504 elementary school students, and 2,834 secondary school students from six ‘schools in two planned project implementation regions. A self-administered questionnaire for students was developed based on WHO's Global School-based Student Health Survey. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and t-tests for the survey data and content analysis for the interviews.Results: Weak school health systems were identified, including school health policies, curriculum, trained health care personnel, and health-related facilities and equipment. Common health problems of students were anemia, nutritional deficiency, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, drug abuse, poor hygiene, and sex-related problems. High absence rates from school due to family problems and high dropout rates due to pregnancy were also critical issues. Teachers identified personal hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, and sex education as high priorities for school health education, while students identified prevention of infectious diseases, nutrition education, psychological health, and healthy lifestyles as priorities. Identified strategies included: establishment of school health policies, curriculum-based interventions, increasing community participation and raising school health awareness, capacity building for health care promotors, training of trainers, and partnership between schools and communities.Conclusions: Findings from this study will help guide the development and implementation of a school-based health promotion program in Chanchamayo. Multicomponent school-based interventions that consider feasibility and sustainability will be developed and evaluated based on WHO's Health Promoting School concepts.