Sexual Practices Research Articles

Analysis Of Risk Factors For The Incidence Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Of Gonorrhea In Male Patients At Hitam Putih Clinic In Gorontalo

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that occurs most frequently throughout the world every year and is the second most common infection caused by bacteria. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors including education, employment, marital status, alcohol consumption status, sexual practices history, condom use behavior, and the most dominant risk factors for the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) of Gonorrhea in male patients at the Hitam Putih Clinic in Gorontalo. The research design employed was an analytical observational approach with a case-control design. The sample in this study comprised 33 male patients with gonorrhea and 66 male control patients with non-gonorrhea, matched based on patients’ age. Data were analyzed using Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in the Mantel-Haenszel test. If the OR value was > 1 and the p-value was ≤ α (0.05), it meant that the factor increased the risk. Factors include educational background (OR=1.963; p=0.120), employment status (OR=3.077; p=0.01), marital status (OR=2.870; p=0.02), alcohol consumption status (OR=4.080; p =0.03), sexual practices history (OR=21.350; p=0.000), condom use behavior (OR=4.389; p=0.007) were risk factors for gonorrhea, where sexual practices history (OR=35.704; p=0.000) stood out as the most dominant risk factor. Therefore, those variables represented significant risk factors for the occurrence of Gonorrhea among male patients in the Hitam Putih Clinic in Gorontalo. Educational background, employment status, marital status, alcohol consumption status, sexual practices history, and condom use behavior are the risk factors of gonorrhea where the sexual practices history stands out as the most dominant risk factor.

Sexual Compulsivity and Gender Stereotypes in Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spain

Men who have sex with men are at increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. Although behavioral and contextual interventions have improved, infections are still spreading. A new focus is needed regarding the influence of sexual compulsivity and gender self-identification. The objective was to explore the relationship between SC and gender stereotype self-identification in MSM in Spain. A cross-sectional study based on an anonymous online survey of a sample of 881 MSM in Spain was performed. A validated Sexual Compulsivity Scale was applied as well as the Bem Sex Role Inventory to identify gender stereotype self-identification. A total of 87.5% of participants identified as gay, while 106 (12%) were sexually compulsive. The Bem Sex Role Inventory showed excellent reliability (0.92 Cronbach’s alpha). Gender stereotype classification showed the undifferentiated category as predominant (n = 325; 36.9%). The androgynous category had higher scores on the Sexual Compulsivity Scale, while the feminine category had lower scores (p < 0.007). Those identifying as androgynous scored higher overall on the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (15; p < 0.001; [12–20]) and subscales (“Interference of sexual behavior” (5; p < 0.001; [4–7]) and “Failure to control sexual impulses” (9; p = 0.014; [7–12])). Education level, cohabitation, sexual role, and unprotected sexual practices are related to sexual compulsivity according to different gender stereotypes. Sexual compulsivity is related to gender stereotype self-identification in men who have sex with men. Specific sociodemographic, behavior, and sexual profiles exist for those at greater risk of sexually transmitted infection dissemination. The undifferentiated category is at greater risk of engaging in unprotected practices. New avenues of prevention that include these findings could shift heteronormative standards to better understand current trends in the sexual health of men who have sex with men.

Risk factors associated with oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence within a young adult population

BackgroundThe prevalence of, and risk factors for, genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections within the young adult population are well-established; the same is not known for oral HPV. This observational study aimed to determine oral HPV prevalence and abundance within a UK young adult population, and examine if sexual practices and established risk factors of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) (such as smoking and alcohol consumption) influenced HPV prevalence.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to recruit a small sample of 452 UK-based young adults studying at a higher education (HE) institution to the study; the study was not powered. A highly sensitive real-time PCR HPV screening method was developed for the detection of multiple HPV subtypes from oral swabs. HPV-positive samples were subsequently screened by qPCR for viral subtypes HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18. Results were analysed by univariate and multivariate methods and stratified for gender, with lifestyle behaviour data collected via questionnaire. Socio-economic status was not captured within the questionnaire.ResultsWe found a high oral HPV prevalence of 22.79%, with a dominance of high-risk viral type HPV-16 (prevalence 19.12%; abundance average 1.08 × 105 copies/million cells) detected within healthy young adults. Frequent smoking (p = .05), masturbation (p = .029), and engagement in multiple sexual activities (p = .057), were found to be associated with oral HPV prevalence, and HPV-16 prevalence, whilst behaviours traditionally associated with genital HPV were not.ConclusionsOur results strengthen the link between sexual practices and oral HPV transmission. We suggest that young adults should be considered high-risk for the contraction of oral HPV, although acknowledge that this sample of HE students may not be representative of the wider population. We show that high-risk HPV-16 is prevalent in the healthy population, as well as dominating within OPSCC; this study is one of the first to determine the dominance of oral HPV-16 prevalence and abundance within this population, presenting a clear need for greater awareness of oral HPV infections, and the risk factors for HPV-positive OPSCC within young adults.

IMPACT OF SPINAL CORD INJURY ON WOMEN’S SEXUALITY

This study aimed to assess the impact of spinal cord injury on women’s sexuality. This is a qualitative study with 15 women with spinal cord injury and with at least six months of evolution, residing in the Northeast of Brazil. Content analysis was used for data exploration. There were significant biopsychosocial changes after the spinal cord injury. Body transformations have mobilized feelings and attitudes of resilience, indifference or dissatisfaction with self-image. After the event of spinal cord injury, autoeroticism through masturbation remained infrequent. Sexual practice was described as qualitatively worse, with less sexual desire, impaired lubrication and frequent anorgasmia. The quality of sexual life of the women interviewed has worsened due to the absence or difficulty of feeling pleasure in the touch of the body. Although less frequent and less pleasurable, there was a possibility of reframing sexuality after spinal cord injury by discovering other aspects, such as touch and scent. The data shows the need for strategies implemented by the multi-professional rehabilitation team to offer guidance on sexuality for women with spinal cord injuries.

Recently acquired HCV infection in men who have sex with men in Germany in the direct-acting antivirals era and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are key to eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV). In men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV co-infection, recently acquired HCV infection is common. Sexual practices and reinfection rates may hamper micro-elimination despite high treatment rates. The cohort included MSM with recently acquired HCV infection from 2014 to 2021. The patients' demographic, clinical, behavioural, and laboratory data and treatment and reinfection outcomes were documented. A total of 237 men with recently acquired HCV infection were included: 216 (91%) had HIV. The median age was 46 years (interquartile range [IQR] 39-52), and the median CD4 count was 660/mm3 (IQR 527-835). The annual incidence of recently acquired HCV remained between 0.28% and 0.43% but dropped to 0.02% in 2021 during the COVID pandemic, almost reaching micro-elimination. The reinfection incidence was 15.5 per 100 patient-years (95% confidence interval 12.6-18.8), and reinfection was associated with the use of crystal methamphetamine (p = 0.032) and ketamine (p = 0.042). In total, 31.3% had multiple reinfections, and four reinfections occurred in users of pre-exposure prophylaxis. High treatment and cure rates did not lead to HCV elimination. A change in sexual behaviour, potentially imposed by COVID-19 restrictions, led to micro-elimination in the NoCo cohort. As recently acquired HCV is prevalent in MSM with and without HIV, surveillance is necessary to consolidate elimination goals.

Hawa Nafsu Tidak Wajar Laki Laki dan Perempuan

The Apostle Paul's writings in Romans 1:26-27 explain unnatural sexual relations between men and women. This text is generally translated as the practice of same-sex (homosexual) relations. But long before the writings of the Apostle Paul there was a letter from the famous Stoic, Seneca, which discussed the background to the practice of same-sex relationships among the Romans. The text in Seneca's letter does not directly refer to Homosexual practices as traditionally understood in Paul's writings in Romans 1:26-27. This research aims to compare Seneca's letter 95 with Paul's writing in Romans 1:26-27. It aims to provide a different perspective on homosexuals and can provide historical background in Roman culture to Paul's writings in Romans 1:26-27. The research method in this research is hermeneutics and literature review. According to Romans 1:26-27, homosexual practices are a sin that incurs God's wrath. Meanwhile, for Seneca in letter 95, engaging in same-sex relations in Roman culture was motivated by a loss of wisdom, lack of self-control and the destruction of the morals of men and women, thus creating unnatural relationships.

Integrating Religious and Sexual Education in Aceh: A Comprehensive Approach to Prevent Extramarital Sex and Promote Youth Well-being

Sex outside of marriage is prohibited in Muslim society due to religious rules and its potential negative impacts, such as lineage disruption and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In Aceh, adult sexual relations are governed by Islamic law under Qawun Jinayah, which mandates public punishment for offenders. Despite this law being enforced since 2002, extramarital sex and the spread of STDs remain prevalent. This qualitative research uses data from journals and publications in databases like MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, and legal sources. It also reviews textbooks and Qanun Aceh regulations. The study found that prohibitions and preventive measures of Sharia law have not effectively curbed extramarital sexual practices. Young people, especially those under 18, are particularly vulnerable due to inadequate sexual education and insufficient understanding of Islamic law, making them susceptible to sexual violence, STDs, and legal punishments. The research highlights the need for a multifaceted approach to prevention, combining religious, cultural, and comprehensive sexual education for children. Educating youth about religious prohibitions and health risks can reduce their vulnerability and prevent legal repercussions from norm violations. An integrated educational approach in Aceh, which includes collaboration between educators, religious leaders, and policymakers, is crucial. This holistic curriculum would promote healthier and more informed lifestyles among young people, addressing both religious and health education needs.

'My sexual desires, everything, my normal life just stops'; a qualitative study of male sexual health in inflammatory bowel disease.

To describe and interpret the sexual health experiences of men with IBD. Interpretive qualitative study. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 men with a diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Interviews were digitally audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using constant comparative, thematic analysis. Three themes were identified from interview data: (1) the disease shapes intimate connections, (2) the disease thwarts sexual experiences and (3) the disease disrupts male gender norms. Men reported that active disease lowered libido and could change pre-, inter- and post-coital sexual practices. All participants noted that health professionals did not initiate the discussion of sexual health and well-being needs in the outpatient hospital setting. Men who engaged in receptive anal sex reported a lack of disease-specific guidance and understanding from professionals. Inflammatory bowel disease can negatively impact the sexual well-being, gender identity and activities of men. Further research is required to identify the care preferences of men with IBD and clarify the barriers and facilitators to sexual health assessment so that nurses may better support the health needs of this population. This study highlights the need for sexual health and well-being support that is specific to disease and gender in IBD. There is a paucity of information and guidance for men with peri-anal disease and proctitis who engage in receptive anal sex, which requires urgent attention. Reporting follows the COREQ checklist. A patient and public involvement group informed the development of the study design. The group reviewed public facing documents and interview guides. One member of the group provided comments on the identified themes.

Sexual and preventive behaviors associated with HAV, HBV, and HPV vaccine hesitancy among men who have sex with men in France

ABSTRACT Vaccination coverage against hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human papillomaviruses (HPV) is insufficient among men who have sex with men (MSM), partly because of their high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy (VH) specific to these vaccines. This study aimed to investigate determinants of specific VH in MSM, focusing on characteristics of their sexual activity, propensity to use prevention tools and medical care, disclosure of sexual orientation to health care professionals (HCPs), and perceived stigmatization. A cross-sectional electronic survey (February – August 2022) collected perceptions of HBV, HAV, and HPV, and of their respective vaccines among 3,730 French MSM and enabled the construction of a specific VH variable. Using agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, we constructed a typology of MSM sexual and prevention practices. We identified three MSM clusters (low- (C1, 24%), moderate- (C2, 41%), and high- (C3, 35%) “sexual activity/medical engagement”) that showed an increasing gradient in the use of medical prevention with regular medical care and exposure to high-risk sexual practices. A multiple ordinal logistic regression showed that overall specific VH was higher in the C1 cluster and in men who had not informed their physician of their sexual orientation. This typology could usefully help to adapt vaccination communication strategies for MSM prevention program according to patients’ profiles. HCPs should be encouraged and trained to ask men about their sexual practices and to provide appropriate vaccination recommendations nonjudgmentally.

Distinguishing between the “soldier” and the “brute”: engraving hierarchies of masculinity in conflict-related sexual violence discourse

ABSTRACT On the one hand, feminists critique the securitization of conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) on various grounds, but, on the other hand, also raise concerns that the Western hyper-fixation on CRSV reproduces colonial narratives about race, gender, and sexuality. However, the productive effects of specifically Western state discourse about CRSV have yet to be fully examined in this context. How do Western states make use of the colonial gaze in constructing CRSV as an issue of grave concern, and to what ends? Further, what are the implications of this for the nexus of feminist critique and praxis? This article utilizes a macro-structural approach to discourse analysis to analyze the 2014 Global Summit to End Sexual Violence in Conflict, led by the United Kingdom. It argues that Western delegates securitized CRSV by relying on tropes of racialized men as maintaining backwards practices of gender and sexuality, and the construction of CRSV as a “pre-modern” weapon of war. This frame reproduces a racialized hierarchy of masculinity that constructs men from “conflict countries” as potential perpetrators in need of intervention, and men from “safe countries” as role models for gender-conscious militarized manhood. The article concludes by identifying potential practical implications of this discourse.

Early sexual experiences of adolescent men who have sex with men

Background There are limited studies examining the early experiences of adolescent men who have sex with men (MSM), and the magnitude of changes in sexual practice among adolescent MSM is unclear. Therefore, we compared the sexual practice and trajectory among adolescent men who are MSM aged 16–20 years in two cohorts, 5 years apart in Melbourne, Australia. Methods A total of 200 self-identified same-sex attracted men aged 16–20 years were recruited in each of HYPER1 (2010–2012) and HYPER2 (2017–2018) using similar methodology. Men completed a questionnaire about their sexual practices. Men were also asked to report the age of first sex with different sexual activities with men and women. Results Compared to HYPER1, the median age at first sex with men was slightly increased in HYPER2: receiving oral sex (17.2 years in HYPER2 vs 16.5 years in HYPER1), performing oral sex (17.3 years vs 16.4 years), receptive anal sex (18 years vs 17.0 years) and insertive anal sex (18 years vs 17.3 years). Similar patterns were also observed in sexual practice with women: performing oral sex (17.0 years in HYPER2 vs 16.8 years in HYPER1), receiving oral sex (17.0 years vs 16.3 years) and vaginal sex (17.0 years vs 16.7 years). Conclusions In general, there was a small delay in first-sex activity among adolescent MSM between two cohorts 5 years apart. Most adolescent MSM started their sexual practices before the age of 18 years and have engaged in activities that are at risk of HIV and STI. Health education and promotion, including regular sexual health check-ups, are important for HIV and STI prevention and intervention in this population.

Understanding Risk Factors for Oropharyngeal Gonorrhea Among Sex Workers Attending Sexual Health Clinics in 2 Australian Cities: Mixed Methods Study.

The risk factors for oropharyngeal gonorrhea have not been examined in sex workers despite the increasing prevalence of gonorrhea infection. This study aims to determine the risk factors for oropharyngeal gonorrhea in female and gender-diverse sex workers (including cisgender and transgender women, nonbinary and gender fluid sex workers, and those with a different identity) and examine kissing, oral sex, and mouthwash practices with clients. This mixed methods case-control study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 at 2 sexual health clinics in Melbourne, Victoria, and Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. We recruited 83 sex workers diagnosed with oropharyngeal gonorrhea (cases) and 581 sex workers without (controls). Semistructured interviews with 19 sex workers from Melbourne were conducted. In the case-control study, the median age of 664 sex workers was 30 (IQR 25-36) years. Almost 30% of sex workers (192/664, 28.9%) reported performing condomless fellatio on clients. Performing condomless fellatio with clients was the only behavior associated with oropharyngeal gonorrhea (adjusted odds ratio 3.6, 95% CI 1.7-7.6; P=.001). Most participants (521/664, 78.5%) used mouthwash frequently. In the qualitative study, almost all sex workers reported kissing clients due to demand and generally reported following clients' lead with regard to kissing style and duration. However, they used condoms for fellatio because they considered it a risky practice for contracting sexually transmitted infections, unlike cunnilingus without a dental dam. Our study shows that condomless fellatio is a risk factor for oropharyngeal gonorrhea among sex workers despite most sex workers using condoms with their clients for fellatio. Novel interventions, particularly targeting the oropharynx, will be required for oropharyngeal gonorrhea prevention.

Sexual health risk indicators and their associations with caries status and gingival health of adolescents resident in sub-urban South-West Nigeria

Background Adolescents are at high risk of poor sexual and oral health. We investigated for sexual risk factors associated with caries experience and gingival health among adolescents in Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data from 10-19-year-old adolescents in Ile-Ife, South-West Nigeria through a household survey conducted between December 2018 and January 2019. Information collected included age; sex; socioeconomic status; sexual practices (vaginal, oral, anal sex); sexual (transactional sex, multiple sex partners, condom use at last sexual intercourse) and oral health (frequency of tooth brushing, use of fluoridated toothpaste, dental service utilization in the last 12 months, consumption of refined carbohydrates in-between meals) risk behaviors; caries experience; and gingival health. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between explanatory variables (sexual and oral health risk behaviors) and outcome variables (caries experience and gingivitis). Results There were no significant associations between caries experience and history of sexual intercourse (OR:1.00); condom use at last sex act (OR:0.68); and having one (OR:2.27) or more sexual partners. Also, there was no significant association between moderate/severe gingivitis and a history of anal (OR:2.96), oral (OR:2.69), or vaginal (OR:1.40) sex; and a report of having one (OR:1.71) or more (OR:2.57) sex partners. Conclusions Some sexual health risk indicators insignificantly increase the risk for caries and moderate/severe gingivitis. Screening for sexual risk behaviors during dental care may be a suitable wellness programs approach for adolescents.

Understanding Sexual Dysfunctions in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities from A Psychological Perspective

Background: This article delves into the complex world of sexual dysfunctions in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), a topic that has been relatively underexplored in the realm of psychological research. Intending to shed light on the unique challenges faced by this population, the article meticulously examines the barriers to effective communication, cognitive differences, and the social dynamics that impact both the experiences and treatment outcomes for individuals with ID. Methods: The study utilized a blend of empirical methods, including questionnaires, psychodiagnostic tests, and graphical representations of data, and was conducted among a substantial sample of 1450 individuals with ID in Kyiv, Ukraine. It offers a comprehensive overview of the sexual health landscape within this community. Results: The research findings highlight a notable prevalence of sexual dysfunctions among the ID population, exacerbated by a lack of accessible sexual education, the prevalence of unsafe sexual practices, and a high rate of self-reported sexual abuse. Conclusions: The article emphasizes the importance of a nuanced understanding and approach to sexual health care and education for individuals with ID. It calls for policies, practices, and further research that honor the dignity, autonomy, and sexual rights of individuals with ID, aiming to bridge the current gaps in care and understanding. By doing so, it contributes significantly to the discourse on sexual health in the ID population, offering valuable insights and directions for future work in this vital area of study.

Predictors of Risky Sexual Practice among Undergraduates Using Social Media in Osun State University, Osogbo

Predictors of Risky Sexual Practice among Undergraduates Using Social Media in Osun State University, Osogbo

Exploring Cambodian adolescents' perceptions on sex: a qualitative investigation.

Involvement in sexual activities increases during adolescence in many countries, including Cambodia. The objective of this study is to explore the perspectives and interpretations of sex held by Cambodian adolescents within the context of their social norms and culture. A qualitative research design was used to conduct in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 91 Cambodian adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years. Participants were recruited from rural areas, and data was collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured interview guides. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Four themes as perspectives of sex were identified: (1) Desire: Releasing sexual desire and stress; (2) relationship: an emotional connection and demonstration of love; (3) roles: responsibilities within a woman's marital duties; and (4) values: the value of virginity and future engagement. Cambodian adolescents' perspectives and interpretations of sex were deeply influenced by their social norms and cultural values. Men typically perceived sex through the lens of instinct and pleasure, while women often emphasized a deep sense of familial duty and held premarital sex to be morally unacceptable. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving the sexual health of Cambodian adolescents should be designed with an understanding of the social norms and cultural values that shape their perspectives and interpretations of sex. Such interventions should focus on promoting safe sex practices and providing accurate and comprehensive sexual education.

Assessment of knowledge on emergency contraceptives and factors associated with utilization among female students in Bonga College of Education, Southwest Region, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study

BackgroundUnintended pregnancy is a major public health problem in sexually active female students in Ethiopia. In higher education, female students are exposed to unprotected sex and are at risk of pregnancy, abortion, and its associated problems.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess knowledge of female students about emergency contraceptives and determine factors associated with utilization among college female students at Bonga College of Education, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsThe study was conducted from November 10, 2022 to May 30, 2023. All female students of Bonga College of education in all departments were included in this study purposively. Data were collected using Amharic version pretested questionnaire. Data obtained from the survey was entered into Microsoft Excel 2010 and analysed with SPSS version 20.0. Data summary was done with descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to measure associations between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio was used to measure strengths of association between variables. Statistical significance was considered at 95% confidence level (CL). P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant during the analysis.ResultsIn this study a total of 103 College female students were involved. The mean age of the respondents was 20.6 (SD ± 2.06) years. The finding showed that 31 (31.1%) female students had started sexual intercourse and among them 58.1% faced pregnancy. Among the total sexually experienced respondents, 93.5% use contraceptive methods while others 6.5% do not use. Among the total 31 study participants, 27(87.1%) started using EC. The majority of pregnancy (83.3%) was intended type whereas 16.7% was unwanted pregnancy. Regarding the general knowledge about contraceptive methods, 19(18.4%) had poor knowledge. Among the total 103 female college students, 66(64.1%) heard about emergency contraceptives. Forced sex and unprotected free sex are predicting factors that induces female students to use emergency contraceptives. Fear of discontinuing school was the main inducing factor to commit abortion. Logistic regression analysis showed that college female students whose age category above 25 years were more likely to use emergency contraceptives. Students who came from urban area are more likely to use EC than rural areas. Married female students (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 0.76, 8.7) were two times likely to use EC as contraceptive method.ConclusionsFemale students who came from urban area use EC better than who came from rural areas. Majority of sexually active female students had good practice and knowledge of using EC but some had poor knowledge. Forced sex and free sexual practice are key determinant factors that induces to use EC. Abortion was mainly done in private clinic. Fear of discontinuing school was determinant factors identified to commit abortion. Therefore, responsible bodies should develop strategies to improve female students’ reproductive health related to emergency contraceptives.

Destigmatizing kinks: alien erotica in Netflix’s sex education

ABSTRACT The Netflix series Sex Education has sparked enthusiasm among critics, audiences, and scholars due to its celebration and visibility of sexual identities in all forms, one of the most exhilarating being the narratory and visual development of the character of Lily which constitutes a focal point of Season 3. Lily’s vibrant interest in writing sexual outer space stories is entangled with her sex life and highlights issues of public shame related to sexual fetishes. Netflix, by means of series such as Sex Education, has become a notable entity in the representation of LGBTQIA+ characters in visual storytelling, as well as the facilitation and sharing of discussions related to non-conventional gender identities and sexual practices within an ever more interconnected media landscape (Zurian, Garcia – Ramos and Rodriguez, 2021). By using as a starting point the fact that claims for visibility, representation and sexual citizenship access do not exist until they are produced through the needs of different identities, this analysis will focus on the premise that the representation of the character’s kinks entails the ability to broaden the understanding of Lily’s sexual identity and contributes to the destigmatization of her sexual practices due to the series popularity and transnational dissemination.

Mhealth interventions to improve public knowledge of HPV-associated oral cancer in the UK

In the UK, the age-standardised incidence rates of cancers of the ‘oropharynx’and ‘lip and oral cavity’ are ‘2.6%’ and ‘4.9%’ respectively.These indicate a significant oral cancer burden. These are attributable tonumerous risk factors; the major risk factors include tobacco use, alcoholconsumption, and exposure to oral HPV infection. Though, significantsuccess in reducing the prevalence of most of the major risk factorshas been recorded, exposure to HPV infection still remains a majordriver of oral cancer prevalence in the UK. HPV-associated oropharyngealcancer prevalence in men and women is 6.29 and 2.04%, respectively,while prevalence for HPV-associated oral cavity cancer in menand women is 11.7 and 6.95%, respectively; and it is projected to overtakecervical cancer by the year 2025. This is mainly due to exposure tooral HPV infection through oral sex practice as over 63% of UK youngadults are found to have a history of oral sex practice. Only a minorityof the UK population is aware of HPV-associated oral cancer whichcalls for more public health efforts to increase knowledge on the role ofHPV in oral cancer. While the use of technology-based, clinic-based,and community-based interventions has been employed to improvepublic knowledge on the role of HPV in oral cancer development, technology-based interventions have not been adequately explored. Mhealthapplication-based interventions have been previously employed toimprove knowledge and behavioural change in diverse chronic diseases.Hence, our recommendation on the adoption of Mhealth application-based intervention strategy in the education of the UK’s populationon HPV-associated oral cancer is highly desirable as it closelyaligns with the country’s National Health Service (NHS) commitmenttowards the digital transformation of the healthcare system.

Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Praktik Eksploitasi Seksual di Kota Makassar

This study aims to evaluate and find forms of legal protection and factors that affect law enforcement against children as victims of sexual exploitation practices in Makassar City. This research is empirical legal research using a statutory approach. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the form of legal protection against children follows Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection which provides children's rights in the form of legal assistance, rehabilitation, and prevention; (2) Factors affecting law enforcement against child victims of sexual exploitation practices in Gorontalo City are legal substance factors, law enforcers, facilities, society, and legal culture. All of them have not been run optimally by the laws and regulations.