Sex-linked Dwarf Gene Research Articles

SummaryResearch on qualitative genes of poultry is underway at several locations in the United States. Some of the research is done cooperatively by poultry scientists under Regional Research projects NE-60, NC-89 and S-93.The sex-linked dwarf gene is receiving considerable attention in meat-type stocks as well as in egg production stocks. Substantial savings in feed costs may accrue if layers, and especially breeding stock, can be maintained at low body weights. Much of the research on the dwarf gene is related to the nutrition and physiology of birds possessing this gene.Research on lethal or semi-lethal genes is designed to learn the nature of their inheritance and the physiological mechanisms involved in gene action. Chondrodystrophy, gazer, wry neck, liver necrosis, muscular dystrophy, crooked-neck dwarf, riboflavin deficient and a syndrome including Polydactyly, syndactyly and ptilopody are among the genes being studied.Genes affecting feather pigmentation are under investigation at several research institutions. The ultrastructure of melanin formation is studied using the pink-eye, light down, extended black, recessive wheaten, dominant white, silver, and lavender mutations. Barring, albinism, blue, and dominant white are being used to study linkage relationships and chromosome effects on growth and reproduction.Rate of feathering genes are being used in linkage studies and in research to explore the effects of the Z and W chromosomes on growth and reproduction.The locations of genes on specific chromosomes is under investigation using X-ray induced translocations. The chromosome breaking and mutation producing abilities of such chemicals as cyclamate, aspirin and caffeine are also under investigation. Off-season hatching is another technique used to elucidate the nature of chromosome aberrations.Blood group genes are used in linkage studies and in investigations of leukosis, general mortality, and other economic traits. Genes controlling resistance and susceptibility to leukosis viruses are also under investigation in relation to marker genes and traits of economic importance.