Sexual Interest Research Articles

Exploring the association between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction: a comprehensive scoping review.

A potential link between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction has been reported in various studies. However, such an association has not been explored within the context of a literature review until now. To evaluate the methodology and quality of studies investigating this association, and to examine the definitions of sexual dysfunction used. A scoping review approach was used to identify peer-reviewed research articles. The search terms used were 'isotretinoin', 'sexual dysfunction', 'erectile dysfunction', 'ejaculatory disorders', 'decreased libido', 'female sexual interest', 'female arousal disorder', 'libido', 'pelvic pain', 'dyspareunia', 'orgasmic disorder', 'impotence', 'ovaries', 'fertility' and 'menstrual irregularity'. In total, 55 peer-reviewed manuscripts were included, consisting of 8 animal studies and 46 human studies with 2420 patients. Of the studies in humans, there were 18 case reports or case series, 2 case-control studies, 4 cross-sectional studies, 6 longitudinal studies, 3 pharmacovigilance reports and 13 cohort studies. The most frequently observed dose range of isotretinoin was 0.5-1.0 mg kg-1 per day, usually for a duration of 1-6 months. More than half of the studies (54%, n = 25) reported a beneficial or neutral effect of isotretinoin on sexual function. The majority of studies (89%, n = 41) were categorized as Oxford Evidenced-Based Medicine level 4. This scoping review revealed very weak evidence supporting a link between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction. Notably, the diverse definitions of sexual dysfunction pose a significant challenge for comparative analysis. The authors advocate for a standardized definition of sexual dysfunction and a framework for determining causality in order to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction.

Association of Recalled Childhood Sex-Typed Behavior with Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Iranian Adult Males and Females

ABSTRACT Same-sex sexual attraction in both males and females has been associated with childhood sex-atypical behavior. Gynephilic females recall behaving in a manner that is less female-typical and more male-typical compared to cisgender androphilic females, whereas androphilic males recall behaving in a manner that is less male-typical and more female-typical compared to cisgender gynephilic males. In addition, male and female ambiphilic individuals exhibit intermediate levels of childhood sex-atypicality. In this study, we examined recalled childhood sex-typed behavior among Iranian cisgender gynephilic males (n = 236), cisgender ambiphilic males (n = 51), cisgender androphilic males (n = 191), transgender androphilic males (n = 60), cisgender androphilic females (n = 243), cisgender ambiphilic females (n = 96), cisgender gynephilic females (n = 32), and transgender gynephilic females (n = 122). Both cisgender androphilic males and cisgender gynephilic females recalled elevated childhood sex-atypicality, scoring intermediate between cisgender gynephilic males and cisgender androphilic females. Male and female ambiphilic participants scored intermediate between their other- and same-sex attracted cisgender counterparts. Transgender androphilic males exhibited hyper-feminized childhood behavior, scoring even more female-typical than cisgender androphilic females. Transgender gynephilic females recalled behaving as male-typical as cisgender gynephilic males. Consistent with previous research, our findings from Iran – a non-Western, Middle Eastern culture – provide cross-cultural support for the universality of childhood sex-atypicality as a normative developmental precursor of monosexual or ambisexual same-sex attraction in both males and females who are cisgender and transgender.

The standardization of a new Explicit Pornographic Picture Set (EPPS)

Pictures with affective content have been extensively used in scientific studies of emotion and sexuality. However, only a few standardized picture sets have been developed that offer explicit images, with most lacking pornographic pictures depicting diverse sexual practices. This study aimed to fill this gap through developing a standardized affective set of diverse pornographic pictures (masturbation, oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex, group sex, paraphilia) of same-sex and opposite-sex content, offering dimensional affective ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance, as well as co-elicited discrete emotions (disgust, moral and ethical acceptance). In total, 192 pornographic pictures acquired from online pornography platforms and 24 control IAPS images have been rated by 319 participants (Mage = 22.66, SDage = 4.66) with self-reported same- and opposite-sex sexual attraction. Stimuli were representative of the entire affective space, including positively and negatively perceived pictures. Participants showed differential affective perception of pornographic pictures according to gender and sexual attraction. Differences in affective ratings related to participants’ gender and sexual attraction, as well as stimuli content (depicted sexual practices and sexes). From the stimuli set, researchers can select explicit pornographic pictures based on the obtained affective ratings and technical parameters (i.e., pixel size, luminosity, color space, contrast, chromatic complexity, spatial frequency, entropy). The stimuli set may be considered a valid tool of diverse explicit pornographic pictures covering the affective space, in particular, for women and men with same- and opposite-sex sexual attraction. This new explicit pornographic picture set (EPPS) is available to the scientific community for non-commercial use.

Seasonal fluctuation and alternative host plants of vegetable crop-infesting tephritids in non-vegetable growing areas in South Sudanese zone of Burkina Faso.

This study was carried out in 3 types of biotopes where vegetable crops are not grown to highlight their contribution to the dynamics of vegetable-infesting flies. To this end, a trapping system based on a sexual attractant, the Cuelure associated with an insecticide was set up in 18 biotopes (6 natural areas, 6 mango orchards, and 6 agroforestry parks) in the regions of Hauts Bassins and Cascades in the South-West of Burkina Faso. During the trapping monitoring, which was done every 2wk to collect insects captured, fruits present in 3 types of biotopes were sampled and incubated for insect emergence. Ten Dacus (Fabricius) [Diptera: Tephritidae]species and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) [Diptera: Tephritidae] were trapped in the study area. The predominant species captured was Z. cucurbitae (52.93%) followed by Dacus punctatifrons (Karsch) [Diptera: Tephritidae] (29.89%) and Dacus humeralis (Bezzi) (12.71%). Six tephritid species were emerged from 6 wild fruit species belonging to Cucurbitaceae, Apocynaceae, and Passifloraceae families. Fruit flies were more abundant from Jul to Nov with peaks observed in Aug or Oct depending on the species. Citrullus colocynthis L. (Cucurbitaceae), Lagenaria sp. (Cucurbitaceae), Passiflora foetida L. (Passifloraceae), and Passiflora sp. acted as reservoir host plants of Dacus ciliatus (Loew), Dacus bivittatus (Bigot), Dacus vertebratus (Bezzi) [Diptera: Tephritidae], D. punctatifrons, and Z. cucurbitae, the major vegetable insect pests in West Africa. The 3 types of biotopes acted as suitable refuge areas of vegetable crop-infesting fruit flies either for the favorable microclimate or for the alternative host plants.

Women's Health and Reproductive Health Needs of Lesbian Individuals in Türkiye

Health is a basic right that all individuals have from birth. The World Health Organization defines reproductive health as a state of complete mental, physical, social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or impotence, in all matters relating to the reproductive system, its functions, and processes. Reproductive health services include the freedom to have children, fertility, adolescent sexuality, unwanted pregnancies, unhealthy abortions, maternal and infant mortality, related disabilities, HIV/AIDS, and sexually transmitted diseases. LGBTQI+ includes different gender identities, and sexual orientations including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex. Gender is assigned at birth, based on chromosomal, hormonal, physical, or anatomical characteristics. However, sexual orientation is defined as the gender to which one's sexual impulses are oriented or the ongoing emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction to an individual of a particular gender. These groups face important existential problems, especially in developing, traditional lifestyle predominate countries or in Muslim countries like Türkiye. STDs and HIV/AIDS are among the diseases that can be treated in the lesbian population through expanded RHS. General gynecological, breast cancer should also be considered in protecting, and improving lesbian individual’s health. This study draws attention to women's health problems in Türkiye, including breast cancer and other gynecological health problems, as well as reproductive health problems of lesbian individuals. It aims to share LGBTI+ health care problems and in this context, to emphasize the women's health and reproductive health needs of midwives and nurses, lesbian individuals in Türkiye, which are generally practiced as a female profession in Türkiye.

Quality of Life in Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: Since the beginning of the new millennium, type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexico is the first cause of death in women and the second cause of mortality among men.1 The T2D is a chronic degenerative disease in which blood glucose is elevated2 and that over time; this excess causes a state known as glucotoxicity, which is the pathophysiological basis of diabetes and its complications.3,4 The T2D is complex and leads to physical, economic, and emotional stress that has a direct or indirect impact on the quality of life of patients.5 Objective: To determine the quality of life in patients with T2D, using the “Escala de Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud” (ESCAVIRS). Methodology: A convenience sample of 60 participants was selected with the following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of diabetes according to the American Diabetes Association criteria, both genders, more than 6 months of evolution, and over 45 years of age. The sample was collected from a clinic and private medical offce (“Casa de Salud” [Cuautlancingo, Puebla] and private medical offce located in the “Independencia” neighborhood [Puebla, Puebla]); where the ESCAVIRS was applied during the period May to June 2023. Results: 60 patients were examined, 45 (75%) were female and 15 (25%) were male. 45 patients (75%) have some degree of overweigh/obesity, only 25% of the population is of normal weight, 50% of the patients were overweight and 25% obese. In the ESCAVIRS physical area, the most notable points were: diffculty at work 66% of the cases (28% often, 38% sometimes), diffculty walking 70% (22% often, 48% sometimes), diffculty sleeping 77% (72% often, 5% sometimes). In the psychosocial area, low self-esteem is observed when diagnosed with the disease and is reflected in emotional aspects such as depression, sadness, anger, and worry. In this study, about the area of medical interaction, the deterioration of the doctor-patient and nurse-patient relationship, most of the patients rated this area well. Finally, in the sexual area and the relationship, it was evident in the study that there is a loss of sexual interest, which contributes to poor sexual and relationship dysfunction. Conclusion: The evaluated areas of ESCAVIRS show that patients with T2D treated in these two clinics have a mild degree of deterioration in their quality of life, especially focused on the psychological and physical area.

Interplay Between Body Capital and Sexual Appeal of Female Personal Trainers to Increase Registration Intention Depending on Consumer Gender

Interplay Between Body Capital and Sexual Appeal of Female Personal Trainers to Increase Registration Intention Depending on Consumer Gender

The Role of Online Comedy Skits in the Sexual Objectification of Women in Nigeria

Recently, online comedy skit creators have become celebrities and influencers in Nigeria, amassing millions of followers on various social media platforms. The influence of these influencers on their followers and society can be harmful when negative messages like sexual objectification of women are propagated. Using a mixed methods approach, this study examines the role that comedy skits play in the promotion of female sexual objectification in Nigeria. The study examines YouTube video content from six (6) major comedy skits makers. The results indicate that all six (6) of the major online skit comedy makers analysed in the study use various elements of sexual objectification such as sexual language, sex appeal, male gaze, and sexualization in their YouTube videos. This finding has implications for women and girls in Nigeria as well as the world since media’s portrayal of women as sexual objects have been linked to global violence against women and girls.

The Paradoxes of Sin: Vengeance as Death Drive in Janet Lewis’s The Wife of Martin Guerre

Abstract If revenge functions to compensate for inequity arising from an initial transgression, thereby restoring equity, can we speak of restoration of an equitable social or personal situation in Janet Lewis’s novel The Wife of Martin Guerre (1941)? This work belongs to Janet Lewis’s series of three novels based on “Cases of Circumstantial Evidence”, of which The Wife of Martin Guerre is the most famous. It concerns the case of Martin Guerre, the sixteenth-century French peasant who apparently returned home to his wife after a long absence but was later revealed to be an impostor. The wife at first believes that the impostor is indeed her husband, then starts to have doubts, gathers information to contest his assertions, develops an exaggerated religious sense of guilt for the sin of adultery, and successfully sues him, leading to his being hanged. Several questions arise: is she justified in feeling guilty for having given in to sexual attraction, thus blinding herself to the available clues pointing to the impostor’s deception? Can the outcome be considered an equitable result, despite the fact that the false Martin Guerre was actually a good administrator, dealing fairly both with his subjects and his wife, and thus created a much more harmonious life for everybody than the lawful husband had done? I consider the story as a case of revenge stemming from an incorrect religious perspective, or alternatively narcissistic damage, which does not bring about redress of a tort, but rather social unhappiness.

Longitudinal changes in sexual desire and attraction among women who started using the Natural Cycles app

Many women experience sexual side effects, such as decreased libido, when taking hormonal contraceptives (HCs). However, little is known about the extent to which libido recovers after discontinuing HCs, nor about the timeframe in which recovery is expected to occur. Given that HCs suppress the activities of multiple endogenous hormones that regulate both the ovulatory cycle and women's sexual function, resumption of cycles should predict libido recovery. Here, using a combination of repeated and retrospective measures, we examined changes in sexual desire and partner attraction (among partnered women) across a three-month period in a sample of Natural Cycles users (Survey 1: n = 1596; Survey 2: n = 550) who recently discontinued HCs. We also tested whether changes in these outcomes coincided with resumption of the ovulatory cycle and whether they were associated with additional factors related to HC use (e.g., duration of HC use) or relationship characteristics (e.g., relationship length). Results revealed that both sexual desire and partner attraction, on average, increased across three months after beginning to use Natural Cycles. While the prediction that changes in sexual desire would co-occur with cycle resumption was supported, there was also evidence that libido continued to increase even after cycles resumed. Together, these results offer new insights into relationships between HC discontinuation and women's sexual psychology and lay the groundwork for future research exploring the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Why Should Diabetic Women Be Active?-The Role of Personality, Self-Esteem, Body-Esteem, and Imagery.

Diabetes is one of the fastest spreading diseases in the 21st century. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) to find differences in personality traits, self-esteem, body-esteem, and imagery between healthy women and women with diabetes; (2) to verify whether there are differences in the analyzed factors among women with diabetes who engage in sports compared to those who do not. We used 3 questionnaires: Imagination in Sport-short form, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and BFIS Personality, which were tested online. We found that women with diabetes were characterized by significantly higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, and higher conscientiousness (marginally significant). We also found that women with diabetes who practice sport rated their bodies more highly in terms of sexual attractiveness and made better use of imagined affirmations than women without diabetes who were not active. Our study provides new insights into diabetics in terms of women navigating the disease.

Who’s Eating Rice? Gay Vietnamese American Men’s Experiences With (Sexual) Racism

Recent studies on the experiences of gay Asian men demonstrate that members of these groups experience both subtle and blatant forms of racism within lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) communities. This study expands on previous research by examining how gay Vietnamese American men experience racism within the gay community of Southern California, how racism affects members of this group mentally and emotionally, and their responses when facing racism. Based on 17 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with self-identified gay Vietnamese American men living in Southern California, this study found that they experienced racism similarly to other gay Asian men. Race and racism shape the everyday experiences of gay Vietnamese American men through the racial paradox of gay desire as they are either deemed undesirable and rejected as a potential sexual and romantic interest, or they are racially fetishized. However, members of this group do not experience racism passively but actively respond through various acts of resistance and intra-racial and ethnic community-building.

Prospective Association of Psychological Distress and Sexual Quality of Life Among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Survivors.

Sexual health concerns are one of the most common late effects facing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) survivors. The current study tested whether self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms before transplant were associated with embedded items assessing two specific areas of sexual health-sexual interest and sexual satisfaction-one year post-HSCT. Of the 158 study participants, 41% were diagnosed with a plasma cell disorder (n = 60) and most received autologous transplantation (n = 128; 81%). At post-HSCT, 21% of participants reported they were not at all satisfied with their sex life, and 22% were not at all interested in sex. Greater pre-HSCT depressive symptomology was significantly predictive of lower sexual interest (β = -.27, p < .001) and satisfaction (β = -.39, p < .001) at post-HSCT. Similarly, greater pre-HSCT trait anxiety was significantly predictive of lower sexual interest (β = -.19, p = .02) whereas higher levels of state and trait anxiety were both predictive of lower satisfaction (β = -.22, p = .02 and β = -.29, p = .001, respectively). Participant sex significantly moderated the relationship between state anxiety and sexual satisfaction (b = -.05, t = -2.03, p = .04). Additional research examining the factors that contribute to sexual health post-HCST is needed to inform and implement clinical interventions to address these commonly overlooked survivorship concerns.

How music-induced emotions affect sexual attraction: evolutionary implications.

More than a century ago, Darwin proposed a putative role for music in sexual attraction (i.e., sex appeal), a hypothesis that has recently gained traction in the field of music psychology. In his writings, Darwin particularly emphasized the charming aspects of music. Across a broad range of cultures, music has a profound impact on humans' feelings, thoughts and behavior. Human mate choice is determined by the interplay of several factors. A number of studies have shown that music and musicality (i.e., the ability to produce and enjoy music) exert a positive influence on the evaluation of potential sexual partners. Here, we critically review the latest empirical literature on how and why music and musicality affect sexual attraction by considering the role of music-induced emotion and arousal in listeners as well as other socio-biological mechanisms. Following a short overview of current theories about the origins of musicality, we present studies that examine the impact of music and musicality on sexual attraction in different social settings. We differentiate between emotion-based influences related to the subjective experience of music as sound and effects associated with perceived musical ability or creativity in a potential partner. By integrating studies using various behavioral methods, we link current research strands that investigate how music influences sexual attraction and suggest promising avenues for future research.

A Case of Traumatophilia Through Transgender Embodiment

Virginia is a White trans lesbian woman in her late 30s living in a rural environment in the United States. She is a long-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy patient in a community mental health center. She has a significant trauma history from childhood. Harnessing Avgi Saketopoulou’s concept of traumatophilia, this article analyzes Virginia’s intra and inter-psychic dynamics that result from her material experience in the world. Under a ubiquitous threat of politicized violence within her community, she experiences a constant fear for her and her family’s safety. At the same time, Virginia experiences a sexual attraction for women who have voiced anti-trans bias. In conjunction with her trauma history, this dynamic illustrates Virginia’s traumatophilia forming a tension between her experience of terror in the face of bigotry and her fantasy of inclusion. Detailing the political implications of trans experience as connected to the psychic conflicts manifested within a traumatophilia, the article concludes that trans experience is both implicitly and explicitly political. As such, psychoanalytic practitioners working with trans patients should focus on the ways in which psychic suffering is shaped and conditioned by the social world.

A pilot study: Exploring suicidal ideation among non-offending adults with sexual attraction to minors, through their online forum posts

Summary An emerging field of research seeks to understand the experiences of non-offending adults who experience sexual attraction towards children. Research indicates that this largely hidden population can experience significant mental ill health and suicidal ideation, yet are reluctant to seek professional mental health support. Furthermore, mental ill health has been identified as a factor that can increase the likelihood of offending. This study, undertaken by a social work practitioner researcher, aimed to assist in understanding suicidality factors within this population, and to identify how statutory mental health services could be developed for this client group, thus contributing to child protection and suicide prevention agendas. A qualitative analysis was undertaken of data gathered from an online forum used by adults who have sexual attraction towards children, and are committed to non-offending. The data related to forum members’ experiences of suicidality, and key themes were identified through thematic analysis. Findings The study found that a pattern of suicidal ideation commonly appears to manifest and identified risk and protective factors that can influence suicidality. The benefits of peer support and the strengths and limitations of professional support were also identified. Applications The findings from this study contribute to an improved understanding of this client group for mental health practitioners. The findings also lay the foundation for further investigations, to inform the development of mental health services to facilitate improved outcomes for this client group, and for child protection.

Unpacking the Construction of Online Identities of Hybristophilia Communities on TikTok

ABSTRACT This study delves into the expressions of Hybristophilia, an intriguing phenomenon characterized by a sexual attraction to criminal offenders. While existing literature has primarily focused on manifestations including letter-writing and courtroom support, scant attention has been given to the online realm, leaving a notable gap in understanding the interplay between Hybristophilia, online identity constructions, and offline duality. Employing an innovative method termed the TikTok Matrix Analysis (TMA), the research team explored Hybristophilia content on the popular social media platform TikTok. This analytical method identified four prominent themes: Sexual Objectification, Trivialisation of Trauma, Romanticisation of Criminals, and Guiltiness. Notably, the content online exhibited a concerted effort to reshape the negative perception of the criminal offender and their actions, simultaneously serving as an outlet for the author’s admiration for the chosen offender. The findings highlight the transformative nature of Hybristophilia content online and its potential impact on both users and victims. By diluting the negative perception of criminal actions, these expressions may inadvertently contribute to minimizing the severity of offenses and overlooking the trauma experienced by victims. The study also underscores the importance of considering the ethical implications and limitations inherent in researching such sensitive topics. This research contributes to the broader understanding of Hybristophilia by shedding light on its manifestations within the digital landscape. As society navigates the complex intersection of online and offline identities, the study prompts further exploration into the consequences of these expressions on individuals, communities, and the justice system.

Voice Pitch Shaping and Genderization: New Needs of Cosmetic Phonoplastic Surgery.

Voices can convey content, emotion, and essential information about an individual's gender and social information. Closely related to gender identification and sexual attraction, voices also positively affect many psychological factors of individuals. Surgeries have evolved from treating congenital diseases to fulfilling an individual's aesthetic needs for voice. Voice shaping is emerging as the next cosmetic surgery hotspot after skincare and appearance and body shaping. This paper summarizes the development of voice pitch shaping and genderization procedures out of the cosmetic need. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.com/00266 .

Challenges of Sexuality Expression in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

IntroductionSexuality, although an essential component of human health, remains a controversial topic shrouded in stigma, particularly in the context of neurodiversity, which includes autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where the expression of sexuality presents unique challenges. Autism and sexuality is a complex and multifaceted topic that involves understanding the unique ways in which individuals on the autism spectrum experience and express their sexuality.ObjectivesThe purpose of this work is to address the complexity of the biopsychosocial sexuality components of people with autism, promoting a shift in the medical perspective, societal attitudes, and supporting greater inclusion of these individuals in current discussions regarding this area of human behavior and experience.MethodsEvidence-based review, through research conducted on PubMed and selection of the most relevant studies on this topic, published in the last decade.ResultsSexuality in autism is now recognized as a normative and integral aspect of development and functioning. Existing research suggests that most individuals with ASD display a clear interest in sexuality and relationships, with a study reviling that 96% of the ASD sample expressed an interest in sexuality. Individuals with high autistic traits tended to identify themselves more times as bisexual or presented a sexuality not definable within the categories of heterosexual. The relationship between autism and gender dysphoria is an area of ongoing research and discussion. Studies have suggested a higher prevalence of gender diverse identities and experiences within the autism community compared to the general population. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the increased gender and sexual diversity among individuals with autism. People with ASD may face unique challenges when it comes to their sexuality. The impairments in social skills and communication central to ASD potentially impact an autistic individual’s expression and experience of sexuality by affecting their abilities to understand and interpret social cues, emotions, and nonverbal behaviors of others. Importantly, such individuals may be more vulnerable, as they may have different or even limited understanding of boundaries and consent. To address these challenges, it is important to acknowledge and respect the diversity of sexual experiences and desires among individuals with neuro(bio)logical differences. This can be done by providing accurate and inclusive sex education, creating safe spaces for such individuals to explore and express their sexuality, and working to address discrimination and abuse in intimate contexts.ConclusionsRecognizing and respecting this diversity and fostering inclusive and accepting environments, we can help individuals with neurological differences to fully express and explore their sexuality and have satisfying sexual lives.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

From University Students and Graduates to Male Sex Workers: The Career Decisions and Decision-Making Processes

There is limited information concerning the experiences and career decision-making processes of male sex workers in South Korea. The aim of this study was to understand the motivations, career decisions, and decision-making processes of a group of male university students and graduates who decided to join the sex work profession in South Korea as part of their career development. Qualitative research design and snowball strategies were employed in 2021 with nine male sex workers. Interview sessions, online focus group activity, remarkable items sharing, and member-checking interview sessions were undertaken to collect rich stories and promote understanding of male sex workers who are completing or have completed their bachelor’s degrees in South Korea. Based on the social cognitive career and motivation theory, three main themes were highlighted: (1) financial consideration, (2) personal interest in sexual activities, and (3) limited career opportunities for the younger generation. The findings illustrate the motivations of a group of educated male sex workers and the social issues for sex workers in South Korea. Government bodies, policymakers, and non-profit organizations may use this study as a reference for policy development and human resources schemes.