Seville Research Articles

Implementing a cultural competence training as a psychopolitical empowerment process

ABSTRACTThe cultural competence training (CCT) of health care professionals represents a useful resource to face the challenges involved in health care assistance for multicultural populations. However, the traditional perspective has shown limited results, as it does not consider professionals in their contexts and avoids continuous assessment processes. In response to these limitations, we describe a model of CCT implemented by two professors of the Faculty of Nursing at the University of Seville in Spain as a psychopolitical empowerment process, and exemplified by the experience of the emergency nurses at the Virgen Macarena Hospital. This process adds the notion of power to traditional CCT and uses dialogic learning to: (a) state a mission and develop critical thinking; (b) take stock of the actions for change and increase the capacity of nurses to respond; and (c) motivate nurses to plan the future and take action. As a result, professionals become a learning community, able to develop a new professional identity and role, and can also implement actions for the transformation of health care settings.

Caricaturists and satirical publications in the 19th-century Seville

En este estudio pretendemos realizar una recopilacion de las publicaciones satiricas y festivas sevillanas del siglo XIX que contenian ilustraciones, tanto vinetas como caricaturas y que, o bien se encuentran citadas en las obras bibliograficas locales, o bien se hallan fisicamente en las hemerotecas, archivos y otras instituciones academicas. Ademas, aportamos algunos comentarios y apuntes sobre las mas importantes, como: El Tio Clarin, El Loro, La Giralda, El Padre Adam, La Zurra, El Alabardero, Perecito, Sevilla Comica, El Buen Humor, Sevilla en Broma y algunas mas, junto a los nombres de los dibujantes mas destacados, como: Luis Mariani, Teodoro Aramburu, Jose Chaves, Blas, Juan Moreno (Grafito), Tomas Povedano y Fernando Tirado, entre otros.

Kainua Project: principles, theoretical framework and archaeological analysis

The use of virtual reconstructions is an approach which has already been applied for past projects in the Etruscan city of Marzabotto. The Kainua Project, which aims at the virtual recreation of the whole Etruscan city, is based on the principles of the London and the Seville Charter. The modelling process of the virtual Kainua is based on a rigorous archaeological analysis. The ArchaeoBIM method, formed within the project, has been used to confirm the validation of the models and is therefore an important step towards a more detailed architectural analysis of non-preserved structures. The unexcavated areas of the Etruscan city were involved in a campaign of geophysical surveys, which were the basis for the recreation of wide areas of the city with a good approximation thanks to an interpretative scheme of the modules of the buildings and their allocation within the blocks. The virtual Kainua is first of all an analysis tool. As a matter of fact, through forms of interactivity and simulations the virtual model allows us to formulate important considerations about historical and social issues. The model, however, is also the base for an updated system for the fruition of the archaeological area by a wider audience, chiefly onsite and it becomes a decoding key that visitors can use during their visit.

Power in Aristocratic Circles: Lineage, Conflicts and Entail. The Case of the Orozco Family in 18th Century Seville

espanolEl estudio de la familia Orozco en el escenario sevillano permite acercarnos a un modelo social frecuente en la sociedad moderna: el ascenso y carrera de las familias nobiliarias. Los Orozco muestran el prototipo social de enriquecimiento, obtencion de beneficios eclesiasticos, acumulacion de titulos nobiliarios, riqueza y poder. La maxima manifestacion de esto sera la fundacion del mayorazgo Orozco-Ayala y que mas tarde propicio diversos conflictos familiares. El pleito por la sucesion del mayorazgo demuestra la ambicion presente en las familias del momento por el dominio del linaje y ademas estuvo protagonizado por tres individuos que representan un interesante perfil que enriquece con creces este analisis: una mujer, un clerigo y un descendiente natural de este. EnglishThe study of the Orozco family in Seville allows us to better understand a social model that is frequent in Modern society: the rise to power of aristocratic families. The Orozco family are a typical example of such prosperity. They accumulated wealth and power, titles of nobility and ecclesiastical benefits, all of which culminated in the foundation of the Orozco-Ayala entail. This was later to produce many family conflicts relating to the inheritance. In this particular case, three people were involved in the dispute: a woman, a priest and his illegitimate descendent.

La trasmisión de las constituciones de Don Remondo de 1261. Su nueva promulgación en 1411.

This paper aims at investigating the concept of originality and how it can be applied today to the surviving different versions of a fundamental document in the history of Seville’s Church: the Constituciones (Statutes) of Don Remondo’s, first archbishop of the diocese, consecrated after the Christian reconquest, that promulgated them in 1261. The Constitutiones laid the legal and economic foundations of the Sevillian restored Church and established its legal pillars, that survived until the 19th century. The first version of these statutes is not kept anymore but a number of copies of them were preserved in different pragmatic codices. Did a document translated and updated in 1411 have the same legality and authenticity as its model? It seemed so, as this new version is placed in one of the codices of greatest value to the institution at the time it was created. To conclude, the complete edition of this re-enactment of the text is provided.

Palynological study of the roman site of La Vereda (Burguillos, Sevilla): from palaeoenvironmental reconstruction to functionality of structures

El trabajo palinologico ha sido financiado por el Proyecto de investigacion de Excelencia P11RNM-7033 de la Junta de Andalucia; y la parte arqueologica por el proyecto HAR2013-43599P y HAR2016-78691P del MINECO.

La implantación de la enseñanza de matronas en la Universidad de Sevilla (1861)

El Reglamento de practicantes y matronas de 1861 estuvo llamado a transformar el modo de concebir la instruccion y saberes de las matronas, en base a un proceso de masculinizacion del arte de partear y la introduccion de su ensenanza de manera decidida en los cauces formativos reglados. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar su implantacion en Sevilla: controversias iniciales, primeros profesores, centros de formacion, estudios y por ultimo dar a conocer a las primeras matronas tituladas en esta localidad. Para terminar desentramando las consecuencias derivadas de este proceso en el viejo arte femenino de partear.

La instrucción de enfermeras como labor ideológica de la Sección Femenina (1939-1953)

La movilizacion de las mujeres por parte de Falange durante la guerra civil y la posguerra adopto unos caracteres y estructura organizativa similares a los movimientos fascistas europeos de entreguerras. El hambre, el racionamiento, las deficiencias sanitarias e higienicas, la escasez de alimentos, entre otros, motivaron que gran parte de los ciudadanos tuvieran que luchar por la supervivencia diaria. Sobre la marcha hubo que improvisar enfermeras con varios miles de muchachas, en general muy jovenes, que a golpe de cursos acelerados de enfermeria adquirian el titulo con voluntad de servicio a la patria actuando siempre bajo el total acatamiento, obediencia y sumision. En este trabajo se estudiara el papel que el franquismo atribuyo a la enfermera para asegurar la viabilidad de aquella sociedad en la lucha contra la enfermedad. Para llevar a cabo esta investigacion se ha consultado: la Hemeroteca de la Diputacion Provincial de Almeria (Yugo), la Hemeroteca Municipal de Sevilla (F.E. y El Correo de Andalucia) y la Hemeroteca digital (La Vanguardia Espanola).

Actividad física y percepción de salud de los estudiantes universitarios

<p>Introducción. Son indiscutibles los beneficios que la práctica regular y adecuada de actividad física conlleva sobre el estado de salud. Objetivo. Valorar la práctica de actividad física de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla y determinar la relación existente entre esta y la percepción de salud, teniendo en cuenta la edad y el sexo. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en 1085 estudiantes —569 mujeres y 516 hombres— con diseño muestral aleatorio y estratificado según facultad y sexo. Se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc donde se recogieron todas las variables del estudio; la edad media de la muestra fue 21 años, σ=3.05. Resultados. El 46.2% de los estudiantes practica actividad física, aunque solo el 54.8% de los practicantes lo hace siguiendo las recomendaciones del American College of Sports Medicine; quienes practican según estas indicaciones señalan mejor percepción de salud que aquellos que practican sin cumplirlas (p=0.001). El alumnado que practica actividad física mantiene una mejor percepción de salud que el alumnado no practicante (p=0.000). Así mismo, los hombres han señalado mejor percepción de salud que las mujeres (p=0.004). Conclusiones. Debido a la estrecha relación entre práctica regular de actividad física y percepción de salud, así como a los bajos índices de práctica de esta población, puede considerarse el alumnado universitario como una población clave para promover la práctica deportiva e intentar evitar el abandono de la actividad.</p>

P570. More than 10 years of experience of use methotrexate in Crohn’s disease at Macarena Hospital, Sevilla, Spain

P570. More than 10 years of experience of use methotrexate in Crohn’s disease at Macarena Hospital, Sevilla, Spain

Galeras de libertad

This brief text is a tribute to Juan Pena El Lebrijano. The ‘cantaor’ was born in Lebrija in August 1941 and died in Seville in July 2016. He knew how to combine tradition and innovation, and sang as nobody the lyrics of Felix Grande and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.

The Debate on Dissertations among the professors of Social and Legal Sciences in the University of Seville

espanolCon la ultima ordenacion academica de las ensenanzas universitarias oficiales (Real Decreto 1393/2007, de 29 de octubre) tiene su aparicion la asignatura de Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG); a traves de ella se pretende que el alumno cierre su etapa de grado mediante un trabajo en el que se integren los conocimientos y las competencias adquiridas. El objetivo del trabajo es trasladar el resultado del debate que actualmente se esta teniendo en los centros de economia y derecho de la Universidad de Sevilla sobre el desarrollo de la materia de Trabajo Fin de Grado, que abarca aspectos como el desarrollo normativo, reconocimiento de creditos, asignacion de trabajos, metodologia de trabajo y evaluacion. El metodo de recogida de datos ha sido, mediante reuniones con profesores implicados en la asignatura y las diferentes comisiones de seguimiento de los TFG de los centros con los que se ha trabajado. El resultado obtenido muestra un alto grado de confusion e insatisfaccion por parte del profesorado implicado en el estudio; se propone la necesidad de unificar la normativa, la mejora en el reconocimiento, se cuestiona la obligatoriedad de su realizacion y de su evaluacion mediante defensa oral publica. EnglishThe last official university teaching academic plan (Royal Decree 1393/2007, of 29th. October) has meant the emergence of a Final Year Project (FYP) as a subject. Its aim is for students to finish their degree period via work which brings together the knowledge and skills which they have acquired. This article’s goal is to shift the result of the debate that is currently taking place in the centres of economics and law of the University of Seville about working out the FYP. This subject encompasses aspects such as regulatory development, credit recognition, work allocations, work methodology and evaluation. The data collection method has been via meeting with the professors involved in the subject and the different follow-up commissions of the FYP in the centres concerned. The result shows the high degree of confusion and dissatisfaction of the teachers involved in the study. The need to unify the regulation and to improve the recognition is proposed. The subject’s mandatory nature and its evaluation via public presentation are also questioned.

Confraternities and their religiousness in Seville during 14th to 16th centuries: sacraments, liturgical year and devotional practices

espanolEn este trabajo queremos presentar la amplia variedad de practicas de piedad y devocion llevadas a cabo por los miembros de las cofradias en la Sevilla de finales de la Edad Media y comienzos de la modernidad. Lo haremos mediante el uso de una fuente fundamental para estudiarlas y para conocer este tipo de fenomenos: las reglas de estas instituciones. Por su propia naturaleza, los documentos procedentes de estas asociaciones, formadas preferentemente por laicos, reflejan plenamente como vivian y sentian los miembros de este gran colectivo dentro de la Iglesia catolica. Por tanto, estudiar la religiosidad cofrade es tambien estudiar el sentir religioso de los laicos. Nos centraremos en tres aspectos fundamentales: los sacramentos, el ano liturgico y el conjunto de otras practicas de piedad a las que los creyentes recurrian para manifestar su devocion a Dios, la Virgen Maria y los santos. EnglishIn this paper we aim to show the different kinds of devotions which confraternities practiced in Seville at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Early Modern period. In order to achieve our purpose we have used confraternities’ rules. These associations were generally composed of laypersons, which means that their documents show how this people felt and lived. We have studied three different aspects: sacraments, the liturgical year and the different types of religious practices and devotions used by people in order to express their devotion to God, the Virgin and the saints.

Autoevaluación de Conocimientos Previos y Rendimiento según Estilos de Aprendizaje en un Grado Universitario de Edificación

The fundamental objective of this work was to identify the learning styles of first-year students in the degree of Building Construction at the University of Seville in Spain. The existent relationship between student’s self-assessment of their own knowledge in four basic courses and their scores, the influence of their learning style on their performance, and whether or not there was a relationship between the scores obtained in related first-year courses were studied. To this end, a cross-sectional methodological design, ex post-facto was used, utilizing correlational and descriptive methods. The Honey-Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire (CHAEA), a demographic and self-evaluation questionnaire was provided, and the scores analyzed. Predominance of the reflective style and a lack of correlation between self-assessment and scores, except for Mathematics were observed. It was also found that student’s behavior according to the styles was variable depending on the different courses. This indicates that, to improve academic performance, the development of in-class strategies that include all learning styles is necessary.

ICIT 2015 in Seville, Spain [Society News

ICIT 2015 in Seville, Spain [Society News

High-speed railway scheduling based on user preferences

This paper proposes an optimization model for high-speed railway scheduling. The model is composed of two sub-models. The first is a discrete event simulation model which represents the supply of the railway services whereas the second is a constrained logit-type choice model which takes into account the behaviour of users. This discrete choice model evaluates the attributes of railway services such as the timetable, fare, travel time and seat availability (capacity constraints) and computes the High-Speed railway demand for each planned train service.A hybridisation of a Standard Particle Swarm Optimisation and Nealder–Mead methods has been applied for solving the proposed model and a real case study of the High-Speed corridor Madrid–Seville in Spain has been analysed. Furthermore, parallel computation strategies are used to speed up the proposed approach.

Knowledge of osteoporosis by postmenopausal women from Seville's south sanitary area

Carla Vanin1,∗, Danielle Harter1, Rafaela Vanin Pinto Ribeiro2, Sergio Kato3, Raquel Papandreus Dibi1, Airton Stein4 1 Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre, Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, Brazil 3 Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre, Patologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil 4 Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre, Saude Coletiva, Porto Alegre, Brazil

The "mayordomazgo" as bargaining chip by the economic difficulties of the council of Seville in the second half of the 15th century

espanolEl incremento del gasto en el concejo sevillano a lo largo del siglo XV y, en ocasiones, la necesidad de disponer de dinero rapidamente, hizo que los ingresos ordinarios y la forma de gestionarlos fuesen totalmente insuficientes para responder a esos retos. Esto obligo a recurrir a impuestos extraordinarios, a operaciones de credito y otras medidas financieras. En este trabajo se analiza como afecto dicha situacion al cargo de mayordomo del concejo durante la segunda mitad de la mencionada centuria: por una parte, fue objeto de maniobras totalmente ilegales, como su arriendo, la entrega del oficio a cambio de dinero, etc. y, por otra, obligo al concejo a frecuentes decisiones contradictorias y al incumplimiento de los contratos. EnglishThe ordinary incomes and how to manage them in Seville council along the XV century were unable to bear the increased spending and deal with the occasional need for quick cash. These circumstances forced to resort to extraordinary taxes, credit operations and other financial measures. This paper analyses how affected the situation described before to the “mayordomo” council office during the second half of that century: on the one hand, it was the subject of completely illegal manoeuvres, such as its lease, office delivery for money, etc. and, on the other, the situation forced the council to adopt contradictory resolutions frequently and to breach contracts.

"Service of god and benefits of soul". The mendicant predication in the archbishopric of Seville at the end of the Middle Ages

espanolLas ordenes mendicantes nacen de un afan de renovacion eclesiastica que las convierte en un importante instrumento de reforma. Franciscanos y dominicos, con una formacion intelectual importante, se dedicaran con competencia a la predicacion y la confesion. Los predicadores, divididos en terminarios, celebridades locales y profetas itinerantes; los motivos de la predicacion, en ocasiones hibridados con otros asuntos; los tiempos, liturgicos y civiles; los lugares y los contenidos de la predicacion en el arzobispado de Sevilla son ejemplo de la amplia y fecunda labor desarrollada por los mendicantes en el seno de la sociedad sevillana bajomedieval, de la que formaron parte y en la que influyeron de forma rotunda en la creacion de su mentalidad. EnglishThe mendicant orders were born from a desire for renewal that the Church used as an important instrument of reform. Franciscans and Dominicans, with a significant academic training, dedicated to preaching and confession. Preachers, divided into “terminarios”, local celebrities and itinerant prophets; the reasons for preaching, sometimes mixed with other matters; liturgical and civil times; the locations and contents of preaching in the archbishopric of Seville are examples of the extensive and fruitful work of the mendicant within late medieval Seville society, of which they formed a part and in the creation of whose mentality they influenced in a decisive way.

Prof. Jose Luis López-Campos: effective management of COPD.

Prof. Jose Luis Lopez-Campos (Figure 1) is an expert in respiratory medicine, pulmonology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary rehabilitation. He works as a respiratory physician at Virgen del Rocio University Hospital and an associate professor of Medicine at Seville University. He is also the secretary of the Group 5.2 Monitoring Airway Diseases of the European Respiratory Society (ERS). We had an interview with Prof. Lopez-Campos during the ERS course on “Environmental respiratory diseases” in Guangzhou. In this interview, Prof. Lopez-Campos has shared with us the relation between environment and COPD, the pharmacological treatment and multidimensional approaches for COPD.