Settlements In Ukraine Research Articles

MONEY CIRCULATION IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATUS, PROBLEMS AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ORGANIZATION

Introduction. One of the most effective means to solve the acute problems of the modern stage of Ukraine's economic development is the rational organization of monetary circulation. The solution to this problem lies in the scope of the National Bank of Ukraine measures aimed, on the one hand, on improvement of cash circulation of money and, on the other hand, the development of cashless settlements. The purposeof the article is to study the current state of money circulation in Ukraine, identify the most significant problems and definition specific areas for improvement of the operation of banks with cash and the development of cashless payments, in particular, through bank payment cards. Results. The dynamics of money outside the banks, money supply, household income and gross domestic product (GDP) in Ukraine for the period of 2013-2017 has been analyzed. The dynamics of monetary indicators in Ukraine are analysed and the advantages of cash settlements are determined. The dynamics of general data on the number of participating banks of card payment systems, clients, the total number of payment cards and payment devices, types of payment cards issued by Ukrainian banks by types of information carriers, the amount and number of transactions using payment cards has been analyzed for the period 2013-2017. Conclusions. The advantages of cash settlements have been determined. The factors of increase of quantity of cash in circulation in the country are revealed. The components of cost of cash payments and the advantages of cashless payments for participants in monetary relations in the economy are determined. The priority task of the National Bank of Ukraine on reducing the volume of cash circulation, its streamlining and development of cashless settlements through the adoption of the Cashless economy project is disclosed. Based on the analysis of the development of monetary circulation in modern conditions, conclusions were made regarding the reduction of cash circulation and the development of cashless settlements in Ukraine.

DECOMMUNIZATION OF THE NAMES OF THE SETTLEMENTS AND REGIONS IN UKRAINE: THE BASIS, THE PROCESS, AND THE RESULTS

For almost eight months - from November 2015 to July 2016 - the most significant number of settlements in Ukraine since independence got new names. The names were changed following the Law of Ukraine “On Condemnation of Communist and National Socialist (Nazi) Totalitarian Regimes and Prohibition of Propaganda of Their Symbolism" (No. 317-VIII of April 9, 2015). This article describes the grounds, the course of preparation for the decommunization of the names of settlements and districts of Ukraine, renaming principles, analyzes their quantitative and qualitative indicators, as well as summarizes the experience of the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (UINP) - a government body that prepared for the Verkhovna Rada Ukraine's recommendations. The authors state that during the specified time, the Verkhovna Rada adopted 13 resolutions renaming 987 settlements and 25 districts. The authors note that the most significant number of renamed units of the administrative and territorial structure is in the territory of Donetsk, Kharkiv and Dnipropetrovsk regions (oblast). Named in honour of the October Revolution of 1917, the names disappeared from the map of Ukraine; V. Lenin, G. Petrovsky, S. Kirov, V. Chapayev and others. However, more than 300 historical names have been restored, of which about 70 belong to the cultural heritage of the national communities of Ukraine - Crimean Tatars, Bulgarians, Greeks, Jews, etc. At the same time, authors emphasize that the proposals of new names that commemorate the events of Revolution 1917-1921 or the Ukrainian soldiers killed in the ATO were submitted by the Expert Commission at the Ukrainian National Memory Institute. Local self-government bodies and local executive bodies were not keen to preserve the local cultural and historical heritage, they were mostly guided by the principle of harmony (Kalininsky-Kalinovo) or chose typical, "neutral" names (Stepove, Vyshneve). As the Verkhovna Rada Committee favoured the "will of the local community", many of the original proposals of the Expert Committee of Ukrainian National Memory Institute remained unfulfilled. Summarizing, the authors note that despite some adverse circumstances, the decommunization of the names on the map of Ukraine has been successful.

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“Municipal settlements of Ukraine” database and its possible application spheres

Abstract With the development of geoinformation technologies and geoinformation mapping the sphere of activity of professional geographers and cartographers has been enriched by a wide application of databases (DB). They enable geographical information to be put in order in a user-friendly system. The article considers the methodological aspects of the organizations and creation of such a system - the “Municipal settlements of Ukraine” databases. The basic stages and databases forming the principles which the author designated during the creation of this specific database are highlighted. The DB structure is revealed - the list of the data included in every table is given. The ways of DB applications are determined; they consist in using DB for the creation of various cartographic studies and reference books about the municipal settlements in Ukraine. The prospects of DB development and perfection are considered.

Російський проімперський слід в українській топоніміці

Changes in Ukrainian society due to the active influence of political factors and objective changes actualize toponymic analysis of geographical names of Ukraine. In April 2015 Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law “On conviction of Communist and National Socialist (Nazi) totalitarian regimes in Ukraine and promote their prohibition symbols”. This law significantly stimulated the local authorities of regions, towns and villages rename those objects of place names, which are of Soviet and imperial names within six months since the date of entry into force of the law. Nowadays there are about 1,000 Soviet names of settlements in Ukraine. The greatest number of them preserved in Kharkiv (112) and Dnipropetrovsk (89) regions, but they are completely absent in Transcarpathia, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Rivne regions. In the section of administrative districts of Ukraine, the largest number of Soviet place names happen in Krynychky and Piatykhatky districts of Dnipropetrovsk region (12) and Snihurivka district of Mykolaiv region (11). Manipulations of organising of public debates and public voting on possible options on changes of names on the places (in Dnipropetrovsk, Illichivsk, Kirovograd, Shchors) prove the significant inertia of colonial attitudes sentiment in Eastern Ukraine. One of the ways of these manipulations levelling is the toponymic policy implemented in the country, which is led by the Institute of National Remembrance. In the process of the renaming of oikonyms primarily and ahoronyms, hodonyms, urbanonyms subsequently, researchers recommend focusing mainly on historical roots. Therefore, they criticise the Russian imperial historical myths created in Muscovy in the XVI century that were based on the appropriation of the history of Kyivan Rus and Ukrainian historical name “Rus”. Bringing this information to a wide range of Ukrainians has extremely important educational and educative value. Key words: ahoronyms, hodonyms, oikonyms, place names, urbanonyms, historical myths, decommunization, decolonization, Country Moksel, Muscovy, Russian Empire

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POWER STRATEGY OF UKRAINE: DEVELOPMENT OF LOCALITY HEATING

Ukraine Energy strategy project till 2035 (EU-35), developed by the National Institute for Strategic Studies (NISS) initiated Minenergouglya custom combining power plants "Branch reserve-investment fund of energy" (OED "GRIFRE") and pursuant of the national security and defense Council of Ukraine on April 28, 2014 "On the state to ensure energy security in connection with the situation concerning the supply of natural gas to Ukraine", put into effect by the Ukrainian president decree № 448/2014 of 1 May 2014. The aim of the project involves the development of updating provisions of the Ukrainian Energy Strategy until 2030, taking into account existing threats to energy security of Ukraine and meeting its international obligations. The article shows the comparative analysis of some indicators of strategic development target important sector of the EU-35 - namely heating system settlements of Ukraine received two independent expert groups, concentrated in NISS and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, NAS of Ukraine).

Basic principles and practices of integrated dosimetric passportization of the settlements in Ukraine

The purpose of the review is to demonstrate the results of dosimetric passportization (performed in 1991-2014) for the settlements of Ukraine which suffered from radioactive contamination caused by the Chornobyl accident. The dosimetric passportization played a key role in the National program on the liquidation of aftermath of the Chornobyl accident directed on recovery through all stages of the current radiation situation control and decision support touching upon various types of interventions and social benefits to the population of radioactively contaminated areas. The works being performed under dosimetric passportization did not have analogues among the researches which took place after other large-scale industrial and municipal accidents as well their scales as the duration of both radio-ecological and dosimetric monitoring.The new methodological approaches to the assessment of so-called passport doses of a settlement as well as to the definition of the concept of annual dose being the dose used to make decisions for providing both direct and indirect emergency countermeasures for the settlements of Ukraine became pioneering ones. During all the post-accident period there were issued sixteen collections of general dosimetric passportization data which accumulate the results of hundreds of thousands spectrometric, radiochemical and radiation levels measurements and WBC measurements carried out in 1991-2014.The annual passport doses calculated on the basis of these measurements (including their components) are unique information that quantifies the level and time dynamics of the radiation situation for each of the 2161 settlements of 74 raions in 12 oblasts during all the post-accident period. Thanks to the works of dosimetric passportization of the settlements of Ukraine there were created databases to be unique in their structure and content with quantitative characteristics of the territorial and temporal distribution, the dynamics of changes of a number of important radiological parameters, namely over 500 thousands of measurements of concentration of 137Cs and 90Sr in the local foodstuff (milk and potatoes); there are more than 1.3 million of measurements of the cesium content in the body of residents of the settlements of Ukraine; there are 100 thousands of dose estimates (both internal and external ones were measured separately) of inhabitants living on the radioactively contaminated areas. The results of the dosimetric passportization served as one of the main exposure criteria for generalized aftermath of the Chornobyl accident represented in the National reports for the first 15, 20 and 25 years after the accident.

Provision of Socialization of the Personality in the Preschool Childhood in the Multicultural Educational Environment of Transcarpathia

The rapid tempo of social changes is inherent in the modern Ukrainian society that hasresulted in the actual and problematic personality socialization questions in preschool childhood.This period is exactly that sensitive period for the primary child world view formation,consciousness, social features etc. The stay in preschool educational institution plays an importantrole in preschool age child personality development.Transcarpathian region is the region situated on the southwest of Ukraine within the westernpart of Ukrainian Carpathians and Transcarpathian lowland. At about 80% of the region’s territoryis covered by the Carpathian Mountains. In accordance with the Ukrainian Law “On the Status ofMountainous Settlements in Ukraine”, until recently 192 settlements (31% out of the total quantity)belong to the mountainous. Volovets and Mizhgirya districts fully subject to the action of the aboveindicated law, while in other districts the portion of settlements with the mountainous settlementsstatus is presented from 13,6 (in Mukachevo district) up to 84,4 percent (in Rakhiv disctrict). In ourpublication we will pay attention to four mountainous districts of Transcarpathian region: VelykyiBereznyi, Volovets, Mizhgirya and Rakhiv districts. This publication presents the comparativestatus analysis of preschool age children support carried out by the preschool educationalinstitutions in Transcarpathian region in the period starting from the year of 2000 until 2013. In themountainous districts of Transcarpathian region the preschool educational institutionsestablishment, quantity of children in them and preschool institutions loading tendency analysis iscompleted.The distribution of preschool educational institutions as per children educational languages isgiven in this article.The above mentioned confirms, that in recent years, active attention has beenpaid to the new preschool institutions creation, namely in mountainous and half mountainousdistricts of Transcarpathian region. Also, the rising tendency of the number of children in theseinstitutions is observed. However, the need to expand the children coverage by preschooleducation is constantly felt.Allocation of children in permanent preschool institutions in accordance to their language ofeducation has been changed significantly; nevertheless it still does not satisfy the nationalminorities’ needs, due to the fact that it does not correspond to the quantitative composition ofmodern Transcarpathian population.

Innovative character of rural territories social potential realization

The availability of disproportions and asymmetries in rural territories development owing to the absence of the system approach in management caused degradation of the grounds, problems of demographic and economic character, as well as cultural historical preconditions for restoration and harmonious village development what made for the choice of research theme. The research aim is the search and substantiation of directions and mechanisms of rural territories revival on the basis of their sustainable development and the self-reliance of industrial, socio-economic and ecological activity. Theoretical base of the research is formal theory of economic systems, which reflects the application of a systemic approach to modeling the economic objects. The estimation of modern development of agriculture status is given. The features of regional and national rural development in Ukraine are pointed out. The dynamics of modern tendencies and priorities of national agrarian policy in this direction are educed. The attention is emphasized on the demographic constituent of rural development in Ukraine. The problems of employment and unemployment in rural area are exposed. The reasons and the consequences of decline in employment and reduction of rural population size are revealed. The specific character of organizing and functioning of ecological settlements in Ukraine is defined. The perspective of this direction of rural territories development is assessed.

Пріоритети Національної стратегії теплозабезпечення населених пунктів України

Пріоритети Національної стратегії теплозабезпечення населених пунктів України

Екологоорієнтований розвиток міст: теоретичні підходи та досвід формування

In the article the essence and main characteristics of Eco-Cities are highlited. The main types of Eco-Cities in Europe, China, the Middle East and other countries are revealed. The basic ways of Ecological Development of Cities are determined. The basic environmental problems of cities in Ukraine are identified. The opportunities of use of international practices in conducting of regional environmental policy are determined. The normative legal documents and measures concerning the sustainable development of urban settlements in Ukraine are analyzed.

Дуже малі міські поселення України: регіональні особливості поширення та демографічного значення

Essence of concept of very small urban settlements was given. The content of this category of settlements in Ukraine was analyzed. The geographical features of distribution of small towns by region of Ukraine were defined and their demographic potential was described. The place of very small settlements in the prospective settlement system of Ukraine was substantiated. Key words: very small urban settlements, a small town, urban village, settlement system, the administrative status of the settlements.

Are Preferences for Environmental Quality Sensitive to Financial Funding Schemes? Evidence from a Marine Restoration Programme in the Black Sea

This paper uses a non-market valuation study to elicit consumers’ preferences for a marine restoration programme in the Black Sea aiming to reduce the level of public health risk from bathing and improve water quality and the overall level of marine biodiversity. In this context, we administer a stated choice experiment in coastal settlements in Ukraine and Turkey and employ two tax revenue reallocation schemes as payment vehicles. One proposes the financing of the marine restoration programme by the reduction of the public budget for renewable energy and the second by the reduction of the public budget on training for civil servants. We examine the stated preferences and the subsequently derived economic value estimates in the two treatments with the aim to investigate whether the trade-off implied by the funding scheme has implications for the valuation outcome. Results reveal that preferences and marginal rates of substitution between the non-price attributes under consideration differ significantly. In the civil servants’ budget reallocation scheme, the reallocation coefficient is positive, implying that ceteris paribus redistribution of public financial resources from this source is utility-enhancing. The magnitude of the results differs in the two considered countries mirroring their heterogeneity in political and cultural dimensions.

Are Preferences for Environmental Quality Sensitive to Financial Funding Schemes? Evidence from a Marine Restoration Programme in the Black Sea

This paper uses a non-market valuation study to elicit consumers’ preferences for a marine restoration programme in the Black Sea aiming to reduce the level of public health risk from bathing and improve water quality and the overall level of marine biodiversity. In this context, we administer a stated choice experiment in coastal settlements in Ukraine and Turkey and employ two tax revenue reallocation schemes as payment vehicles. One proposes the financing of the marine restoration programme by the reduction of the public budget for renewable energy and the second by the reduction of the public budget on training for civil servants. We examine the stated preferences and the subsequently derived economic value estimates in the two treatments with the aim to investigate whether the trade-off implied by the funding scheme has implications for the valuation outcome. Results reveal that preferences and marginal rates of substitution between the non-price attributes under consideration differ significantly. In the civil servants’ budget reallocation scheme, the reallocation coefficient is positive, implying that ceteris paribus redistribution of public financial resources from this source is utility-enhancing. The magnitude of the results differs in the two considered countries mirroring their heterogeneity in political and cultural dimensions.

Ukrainian localities meet Jewish guests: negotiation of Jewish heritage and ethnic tourism in the former Pale of Settlement

In the late Soviet time activists of the Jewish ethnic revival movement began a dialogue with local communities in the former Pale of Settlement in Ukraine about Jewish heritage. Nowadays many localities take into account Jewish heritage as a resource to attract visitors, first of all researchers of Jewish tradition, Hasidic pilgrims and people of local origin who emigrated abroad. It could be a foundation for the development of tourism. However, communities use different discursive strategies concerning Jewish heritage and the article examines three of them. The central topic of such discourses is the relationship between host and visitors, and how it produces different attitudes to tourism and different degrees of involvement with it. Tourism here serves as a metaphor to examine how localities experience processes of globalisation.

Thyroid Cancer Risk in Areas of Ukraine and Belarus Affected by the Chernobyl Accident

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the thyroid cancer incidence risk after the Chernobyl accident and its degree of dependence on time and age. Data were analyzed for 1034 settlements in Ukraine and Belarus, in which more than 10 measurements of the (131)I content in human thyroids had been performed in May/June 1986. Thyroid doses due to the Chernobyl accident were assessed for the birth years 1968-1985 and related to thyroid cancers that were surgically removed during the period 1990-2001. The central estimate for the linear coefficient of the EAR dose response was 2.66 (95% CI: 2.19; 3.13) cases per 10(4) PY-Gy; for the quadratic coefficient, it was -0.145 (95% CI: -0.171; -0.119) cases per 10(4) PY-Gy(2). The EAR was found to be higher for females than for males by a factor of 1.4. It decreased with age at exposure and increased with age attained. The central estimate for the linear coefficient of the ERR dose response was 18.9 (95% CI: 11.1; 26.7) Gy(-1); for the quadratic coefficient, it was -1.03 (95% CI: -1.46; -0.60) Gy(-2). The ERR was found to be smaller for females than for males by a factor of 3.8 and decreased strongly with age at exposure. Both EAR and ERR were higher in the Belarusian settlements than in the Ukrainian settlements. In contrast to ERR, EAR increases with time after exposure. At the end of the observation period, excess risk estimates were found to be close to those observed in a major pooled analysis of seven studies of childhood thyroid cancer after external exposures.

The Blacklist through New Eyes

The Blacklist through New Eyes by Bill Jarrico Bill Jarrico (bio) Abstract This article is based in part on a talk I gave to the Abraham Lincoln Unitarian Universalist congregation in Springfield, Illinois, in 1998, after the death of my father, Paul Jarrico.1 This article is based in part on a talk I gave to the Abraham Lincoln Unitarian Universalist congregation in Springfield, Illinois, in 1998, after the death of my father, Paul Jarrico.1 It's hard to distinguish the effects on me of my family's dissident ideas about American culture and society from the effects of America's retaliation during the blacklist. By world standards, with World War II just past and the Cold War starting up, the American witch-hunt was pretty mild. Only a few people actually died or even went to jail. Thousands of people (not just in entertainment) were affected in their livelihoods and people were careful about expressing left-wing thoughts, even liberal ones, but these ideas still had an impact. Even the most conservative people now think of the blacklist as an aberration. When I tell people that I saw the Hollywood blacklist up close, they are interested [End Page 104] and sympathetic. It's been years since anyone bothered to tell me that my parents and their friends were on the wrong side of the Cold War. Maybe people don't know the facts—even people who were alive at that time. It's old history, complicated and a little ugly, but when I explain things, I'm glad I did. My grandparents had been immigrants from the Jewish pale of settlement in Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania. They came to America young and alone, fell in love quickly, built businesses and organizations, and prospered in the free air. My father's father followed a somewhat older woman out west and married her after her tubercular husband died. He became a lawyer. They and their circle founded a sanitarium that later became a big cancer hospital, the City of Hope. My mother's mother followed a young boyfriend from Lithuania to Baltimore, eventually moved to California, and was active first in socialist, then in Jewish circles in Ventura County near Los Angeles. These people admired radical thinking as part of the mix and were amused rather than shocked when some of the next generation were attracted to communism. My parents, most of their friends, many of their relatives, a lot of our neighbors, and people all around us viewed the world with optimism. From the famous postwar prosperity, with its sudden improvement over the recent past, to a Hegelian or Marxist sense of revolutionary progress in history seemed a small step to some of them. Several nights a month I could step out of my room into the living room and listen to a political discussion, in a large or small group, formal or informal, calm or angry, sophisticated or naïve. I didn't always really listen or understand when I did, but I loved the earnest tone and knew I was hearing something important. One evening somebody said, "Paul, do you really want your kid listening to this stuff?" Paul didn't mind at all. My father was one of the few Hollywood screenwriters from the old days who actually came from Los Angeles. He could look at an old movie and say what street it was shot on: "That's Riverside Drive." All these places look completely different now. My grandfather died while my father was at UCLA. My father went to the University of Southern California as a freshman, to UCLA as a sophomore, to Cal Berkeley as a junior, and back to USC as a senior. He was more and more active in politics and was doing some writing, living with my mother.2 His senior year he actually registered at the USC law school—his father and uncle had gone to law school there and even now you don't need an undergraduate degree to become a lawyer in California—but he changed his mind. Since he couldn't get his money back, he signed up for the cinematography curriculum because he'd heard...

Maps of Jewish Settlement in Ukraine in 1648

Maps of Jewish Settlement in Ukraine in 1648