Settlement Network Research Articles

Геоинформационное картографирование размещения населения для анализа его пространственной динамики

The change in the population is the most important indicator, the reflection of which on the map allows you to obtain a visual picture of many interconnected processes occurring in the studied territory. The study solved the task of creating a series of cards that reflect a change in the population in the settlements of the Tyumen Region based on these censuses of the population of 1926 and 2010. This work provides for the development of modern geoinformation and cartographic support of socio-economic studies related to the analysis of the location of the population based on spatial databases. The choice of a large period of time and the associated significant changes in the names and the general structure of the placement of settlements leads to the need for a thorough and comprehensive study of information, determining its relevance to solve the tasks. Further, a number of problems were solved: methodological (development of the structure and content of maps) and methodical (organization of the geodatabase (BGD), the creation and design of thematic cards). As part of the study, the design of the structure of the database of spatial data was performed, and then its filling based on the censuses of the population and official statistical indicators about the population of the Tyumen Region (including the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra and the Yamalo-Nenetskij Autonomous Okrug). For all presented cards, a geographical basis is configured with unified installations of cartographic generalization and a coordinated system of conventional signs. The developed series of maps allows you to identify and visually assess the spatial patterns of changes in the population and the network of settlements. The collected structured material organized in the BGD format provides modern cartographic support for socio-economic research related to the analysis of the population. The work was performed as part of the preparation of the demographic section of the Atlas of the Tyumen Region.

Городское расселение в Сахалинской области: результаты постсоветской трансформации

The author analyzes the trends in the post-Soviet structural and demographic transformation of the network of urban settlements of the Sakhalin. It is shown, how the urbanization process in the region entered a crisis phase, and numerous cities and urban-type settlements, despite largescale projects for the development of Sakhalin oil and gas, lost a significant part of their economic and demographic potential as a result of the economic reforms of the 1990s.

ГОРОДСКОЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЕ ПРИМОРСКОГО КРАЯ: ДИНАМИКА СТРУКТУРНЫХ И ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ (1989–2020 гг.)

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main demographic and structural indicators that characterize the results of the Soviet urbanization of Primorsky Krai, and the development of the network of urban settlements in the region during the 1990s nationwide crisis and the period of modernization of the country in 2000–2020. The study is based on the materials of the 1989–2020 population censuses of the USSR and Russian Federation, the 2002–2020 annual statistical surveys of the region, federal and regional regulations. The author shows that Primorsky Krai had more noticeable main urbanization indicators among other regions of the Far East by the end of the 1980s. 12 cities, including Vladivostok, 48 urban-type settlements, including 10 with a population of more than 12 000 people, a high proportion of the urban population (77,5 %) — according to these and other figures in a total, the region was considered one of the leaders of the urbanization process in Russia’s East. However, the urban population of the region decreased by slightly over than 300 thousand people (17 %) as a result of natural population decline and migration, the reorganization of some urban settlements into rural ones in the 1990s–2010s. In the structure of urban settlements, the main changes affected urban-type settlements, the total number of which decreased from 48 to 26. The gradual growth of the urban population in the Vladivostok agglomeration was accompanied by a demographic crisis in small and medium-sized cities, which was generally similar to the general trends in the movement of the urban population in the Russian Far East in the post-Soviet period.

Опыт формирования набора данных для составления карт уездов XVIII–XX вв. (на примере Ардатовского уезда Симбирской губернии)

In historical and geographical research, when analyzing the formation, founding and development of territories, maps are of particular value. This article describes the experience of mapping the territory of Ardatovsky district of Simbirsk province in the 18th–20th centuries. The history of the formation of the county covers 150 years. Since its formation, the county has gone through various transformations, as a result of which the territory, the composition of settlements, their name and administrative affiliation have changed. After studying the historical and geographical features of the territory formation, it was decided to compile several maps of the county at different times so that they characterize the main periods of its existence. For this purpose, three eras were chosen, corresponding to 1780, 1859 and 1927. In the work presented by this article, various cartographic, accounting, statistical and literary sources were selected and studied, which were used to create maps for the territory of Ardatovsky district of the late 18th—early 20th centuries. These were both historical and modern maps, as well as modern materials—ready-made vector layers and a database of settlements in the Republic of Mordovia. The sources of the middle of the 19th century were recognized as the most complete, reliable and meeting the objectives of this study. Therefore, at the first stage of the work, the network of settlements of the county was reconstructed for this time period by geocoding in the GIS a list of settlements in the Simbirsk province, presented in the form of an electronic table. A specially prepared point layer of settlements was used as the initial spatially coordinated information. To create it, various cartographic and archival materials, statistical and reference sources were involved. At the second stage, the county border and the road network were adjusted. For each of the three epochs mentioned above, similar sets of spatial data were formed, on the basis of which maps of Ardatovsky district were compiled using the methods of geoinformation mapping.

ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРАВА ГРОМАДЯН НА ЗАХИСТ ВІД ШКІДЛИВОГО ВПЛИВУ ШУМУ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ЗАСОБІВ (СУЧАСНА РЕАЛЬНІСТЬ, БАЧЕННЯ НА ПЕРСПЕКТИВУ)

The goal. The purpose of the article is to determine the issue of protecting the population from theharmful and irritating effects of noise on the street and road networks of settlements and ensuring proper control over the observance of silence in public places and road safety. This article isobliged to highlight the issue of administrative and legal regulation of the use of technical meansby employees of the National Police of Ukraine, regarding the protection of citizens from theharmful effects of the noise of the vehicle exhaust gas emission system.Methods. The article uses the general scientific methodology of conducting legal research,including comparative legal, systemic structural, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction,and other methods of scientific knowledge. Their use made it possible to determine and analyzethe current state of regulatory and legal regulation of the use of technical means of recordingoffenses by the police.Results. The article examines the problems of administrative and legal regulation of the useof technical devices for recording offenses by employees of the National Police of Ukraine.Considered, as an example, the possibility of using technical devices by employees of the NationalPolice of Ukraine to measure the permissible level of external noise (estimate the level of noise orsound by measuring the sound pressure) of vehicles with the help of a ‘noise meter’. The articlestates that the proper legal regulation of the use of technical devices by employees of the NationalPolice of Ukraine to measure and assess the noise level of the exhaust gas emission system ofvehicles is one of the determining conditions for the effectiveness of guaranteeing the right ofUkrainian citizens to protection against noise pollution. It is summarized that the experienceof implementing technical devices shows that the implementation of preventive measures issuccessful when the methods of persuasion are supported by legal norms that establish clearresponsibility for violations of established norms and standards.Conclusions. In order to ensure the legality of the use of technical devices, it is proposed tolegislatively update and provide for the grounds, order and conditions of their use by employeesof the National Police of Ukraine. It should be noted that this should be preceded by extensiveoutreach work among citizens of Ukraine, and primarily among drivers. Therefore, it is desirableto organize explanatory work with the participation of the first leaders of the patrol police ofUkraine in all mass media and social networks. And as a result, all this will encourage the creationof an atmosphere of understanding among drivers, regarding the necessity and legality of the useof devices for measuring the noise level by employees of the National Police of Ukraine.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СЕТИ ДАЧНОГО РАССЕЛЕНИЯ НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН

The article studies the regularities of changes in the dacha settlement network of the Republic of Tatarstan in the post-Soviet period by the example of gardening, vegetable gardening, dacha associations. The author analyzed inter-municipal differences in the placement of various types of dacha settlements in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2006-2016, including shifts in the structure of land use, the dynamics of the number of garden-and-dacha associations, and the degree of their development. A sociological survey of dacha users in Kazan revealed differences in the peculiarities of using dachas depending on their location, the infrastructure, and other factors. A comparison of the total number of non-commercial gardening associations by municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan is presented in the form of bar charts on the map. It allows us to make a conclusion about the demand for ‘gardens’ in the intercensal period, especially in the Kazan agglomeration. Based on the analysis of the land use structure of garden plots in 2016, the municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan were classified into 4 types: recreational, agrarian, agrarian-residential, and predominantly agrarian. According to the sociological survey of Kazan dacha users, the author compiled a rating of the most popular dacha destinations among microdistricts (Derbyshki), settlements (Vasilyevo), and municipal districts surrounding Kazan (Laishevsky, Zelenodolsky). The dachas were distributed according to their location in the agglomeration (in the suburbs, in the city, outside the Kazan agglomeration). From the data of the agricultural census and sociological survey, it is possible to conclude that the agrarian function of the garden plots is the leading one in the Republic of Tatarstan; however, the capital’s dacha users, unlike residents of small towns of the republic, prefer to use them for the purpose of changing their environment, recreation, and not for food self-sufficiency purposes.

СТРУКТУРА АГЛОМЕРАЦИЙ КАК ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОСНОВА ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ

The spatial organization and regulation of human activity through territorial planning is a very urgent problem for many countries of the world. The issue of the optimal network of population resettlement has always been acute for Russia for a number of reasons, some of which were taken into account in the course of the administrative-territorial reform. In this aspect, the determination of the structural and dynamic characteristics of the settlement network is becoming increasingly important. The article deals with methodological issues of studying the regional spatial structure of the agglomeration. Modeling builds a number of levels with the spatial distribution of the population by function, by the potential and ability of the territory to implement the considered settlement options. This hierarchy represents the different sides of the interaction in accordance with the selected parameter. The constructed layers are a convenient tool for determining the initial agglomerations and promising growth points of the region, the development of which will stimulate the optimal use of the territorial potential, as well as increase the economic and investment potential. The described approach to the study of the spatial structure of the agglomeration can be in demand for sound territorial and urban planning and management, for an effective policy of regional development, etc.

LBK settlement network in the eastern part of the Wiśnicz Foothills

LBK settlement network in the eastern part of the Wiśnicz Foothills

СТРАТЕГІЧНА СПРЯМОВАНІСТЬ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of rural territories. Their important role in the development of the national economy of Ukraine and its regions is outlined, which is primarily related to ensuring the country's food security and the production of ecologically clean (organic) food products. The author substantiates an integrated approach to the use of influence factors, in particular, natural resource, socio-ecological, economic, and human potential, which are interde-pendent and complementary and are aimed at ensuring a balanced development of rural territories and efficient agricultural management. It has been found that, in addition to the mentioned factors, an im-portant role is played by infrastructural support, the geographical location of rural areas, that is, their proximity to the borders with the member states of the European Union. It has been proven that, the implementation of an integrated approach to ensuring the balanced development of rural territories will help to overcome, and possibly level the differentiation in the development of local areas at both the regional and national levels. Attention is focused on the need to outline strategic prospects for the de-velopment of rural territories for a long-term period. However, nowadays, in the context of unpredicta-ble events and external influences, first of all, the state of war, there is a need to distinguish conceptual approaches to ensuring the balanced development of rural areas in accordance with the formed devel-opment strategy, but with the possibility of adjusting its individual aspects in real time. The process of forming an effective socio-bio-ecological-economic system within the framework of rural development needs to be intensified, which in the context of decentralization should include approaches to overcoming the differentiation of territorial and spatial development, taking into account the specifics and characteristics of individual regions. There is a need for interaction between the au-thorities, the community and interested persons with the possibility for the latter to independently make important decisions at the local level, i.e. within the bounds of the United Territorial Communities (UTCs), where each member of the community can make their own proposals for solving problematic issues of rural development. Attention is focused on the actualization of strategic approaches to ensuring balanced rural de-velopment, among which the management component, diversification of the rural economy, the for-mation of an optimal rural settlement network and improving the reproducibility of the population, so-cial protection of the rural population, improving living conditions and the quality of life of rural residents, improving their well-being are important and well-being, transport accessibility to peripheral areas, increasing the level of employment, in particular self-employment of the rural population in priority types of economic activity with the possibility of forming co-branding alliances.

Formation of a Special Settlement Network in North-Western Siberia (Based on the Materials of the Tobolsk District Land Administration)

Formation of a Special Settlement Network in North-Western Siberia (Based on the Materials of the Tobolsk District Land Administration)

Effects of choice of data aggregation method to a point on walking accessibility results using the G2SFCA method

In spatial accessibility studies based on market areas, such as floating catchment area (FCA) family methods, it is crucial to identify the point to which weights are assigned, both on the demand and supply side. Bearing in mind that it is not always possible to work on disaggregated data, the aim of this paper was to investigate which method of determining a point, minimises bias in the estimation of walking accessibility. The research used the G2SFCA method, introduced by Dai, which has been employed several times to model walking accessibility. Results clearly show that point location methods for area units, based on disaggregating data to buildings, perform better at the scale of statistical districts or cadastral precincts, compared to those based on the centrally weighted mean. They also show that positional measures such as the Euclidean centrally weighted median can improve the results of analyses in units that are heterogeneous in terms of settlement network pattern.

Beregi kenéznevek a 17. század első feléből

Knez (‘Village Elder’) Names in Bereg County from the First Half of the 17th Century Among the essential sources of name studies of Bereg County, one can mention the urbaria (registers of fief ownership) and censuses made in the Estate of Munkács (today: Mukachevo, Ukraine) in the 17th century. One of the most critical eras in the history of Bereg County is the period between the second half of the 16th century and the middle of the 17th century: the settlement network of the county was established basically in these decades. Knezes, the founders and leaders of the newly established villages, played an essential role in populating the uninhabited areas. By examining three urbaria covering more than half a century (1613–1645), the author presents the two-fold onomastic relations between the names of the knezes and those of the villages they founded. In addition to the urbaria, settlement names preserved the knezes' memory. However, not only were the settlements named after their leading knezes, but knezes also often took the name of the villages they led. As a result, several knez families bore surnames derived from a settlement name at the beginning of the 17th century. The position of knez was hereditary, leading to the surname Kenéz (the Hungarian version of knez) becoming a relatively common surname. Examining these naming practices gives us a unique insight into the peculiarity of place and personal names in former Bereg County.

Дотаційність бюджетів територіальних громад як фінансовий механізм інклюзивного сільського розвитку

Equalising the financial capacity of different settlements and territories was in the spotlight of the state authorities at all stages of development. In the context of decentralisation and focusing on goal achievement of sustainable, inclusive development, the principles of horizontal equalisation of the tax capacity of territories were changed, and a new model of budgetary relations was introduced. The article analysed the results of the new model implementation, investigated the transfer dependence of local budgets with centres in villages, towns, and cities, and considered subsidies as a mechanism for inclusive rural development. It was determined that due to financial decentralisation and strengthening of the fiscal capacity of communities through increased tax revenue by an average of 27%, the share of subsidised local budgets decreased from 95% in the pre-reform period to 75% in 2021. It is estimated that rural territorial communities are the most transfer-dependent, and among the recipients of the basic subsidy as a tool to support the territory`s fiscal capacity, their share is 45,3 %; among township communities – 31%; and among urban communities – 21,9 %. It is substantiated that the lack of financial resources and significant dependence on central budget support is due to the weak rural labour market and the predominance of informal employment (employment without taxes). And the dispersed rural settlement network, the higher cost of services per capita, the long-term decline of infrastructure and, accordingly, the higher cost of its restoration, requires additional subventions to maintain the multifunctionality of rural areas. This underlines the need to introduce special mechanisms of financial support for villages, considering the shortcomings of previous year’s subsidies. Using the example of infrastructure subvention of territorial communities, the amount of which depended on the number of the rural population, proved that the distribution of funds is inconsistent with the principles of inclusion. Further research will focus on the financial resources of communities and the development of mechanisms for equitable distribution and use among all settlement units to enhance the inclusiveness of rural development. The new challenges caused by russian federation’s war against Ukraine will require the development of updated methods of state financial support for territorial communities. It will be based on a realistic estimate of the number of people living in communities at the end of the war, the value of destroyed and damaged property, etc. In the short term, local self-government bodies will prioritise efforts for rapid and qualitative recovery, redefining community development strategies with stronger inclusiveness and realistically estimating the number of people for whom and with the help of which the development of the country will take place.

High Medieval Fortifications in Villages near Hradec Králové

This study discusses high medieval fortifications located in villages in the central part of East Bohemia. A typical feature of this area was its division into small aristocratic demesnes and, consequently, the existence of many fortified manor houses, the residences of lower nobility. This paper summarises the results of a non-destructive survey, detailing the appearance, connection to the existing settlement network, and relationship to the surrounding landscape of individual fortified manor houses.

Кризис урбанизации в Магаданской области (конец 1980-х – 2010-е гг.): динамика структурных и демографических показателей

Introduction. The analysis of urbanization processes experienced by Magadan Oblast in recent decades is a most important component in understanding essentials and peculiarities of the urbanization agenda in the whole of Russia’s Far East. Historical experiences of the region attest to that urbanization processes across the eastern economic regions of Russia are highly dependent on actual conditions and prospects of mining industries, presence / absence of paternalism in policies of federal and regional authorities towards urban settlements that show no promise for further industrial development. So, mining and government support have deepest impacts on urbanization processes in Magadan Oblast. Goals. The study aims at analyzing key results of the Soviet urbanization program across Magadan Oblast, certain structural and demographic transformations of the region’s urban settlement network that took place in the 1990s to 2010s. Materials and methods. The work employs a set of general scientific tools, the statistical method, and those of specifically historical research (e.g., the chronological one) — for analytical insights into official statistics, national, regional and local regulations. Results. The study shows the urbanization crisis in the region is associated with its deindustrialization in the 1990s–2000s. The decline of the entire urban settlement network has manifested itself in both structural and demographical patterns. Two cities of the region — Magadan and Susuman — have experienced significant population losses, though still retaining their ‘city’ status. Meanwhile, 15 out of 34 urban-type settlements had been abandoned or abolished by the early 2020s. The policy of abolishing depressed settlements has been developed in the region, which is supported by federal and regional programs that facilitate resettlement — from districts of the Extreme North and rural localities to the capital city of Magadan. The urban population has reduced by 58.6 % during the mentioned period, while the dramatic rural population decrease of 90 % means that the region’s internal urbanization resources are almost completely exhausted. Conclusions. Urbanization prospects in the region are primarily tied to somewhat further development of Magadan and its agglomeration, the latter to include two near-capital districts in the south. At the same time, new projects of economic development in the region are increasingly associated with activities of shift workers’ townships.

"Reorganization of the Primary School Network in the Polish Carpathians in the Period 2000 - 2020 "

"The study focuses on the process of reorganization of the primary school network in the Polish Carpathians, in the period 2000-2020, determined by population dynamics and the education reform in Poland, which focused on the abolition of middle schools (junior high schools) and the return to eight-year primary schools. Primary schools located in the Polish Carpathians represent almost 10% of all schools of this type in Poland, usually with a smaller number of pupils/school (1/4 when compared to the national average). In mountainous areas with a specific settlement network, the closure of a primary school in a small village usually leads to several socioeconomic issues and may become subject to changing the managing authority due to budgetary reasons. The main aim was to determine the dynamics of the process and analyze spatial differentiations, by investigating the relation between population change in the 15-39 age group and the change in the number of schools, and to identify the location of the closed schools. Results show variability in the dynamics of the analysed variables in the case of Polish Carpathians compared to the national level, for instance, much slower dynamics of school closures than the rest of the country, the number of primary schools dropping by 14% between 2000 and 2020, while the greatest decrease in the number of pupils was observed in the Carpathian communes of Subcarpathian Voivodeship, especially in peripheral locations. However, we can conclude that in mountainous areas school closure has been highly avoided due to the engagement of different types of managing authorities, from local government to other public or private entities, in governing these schools. "

Transportation accessibility as a factor of negative demographic processes: a case study of the Podgorje region (an Adriatic region of Croatia)

Podgorje is in the zone of the overlapping nodal-functional regions of Rijeka and Zadar. Despite its central position in the geographical context of Adriatic Croatia, the Podgorje region is suffering very negative demographic processes and trends because it is an area of poor transportation accessibility. The aim of this research paper is to analyze the interdependency of transport accessibility of Podgorje and the neighboring leading regional centers, as well as the negative demographic processes and trends that have destabilized this region and converted it into a rural periphery of Adriatic Croatia. The processes of littoralization and industrialization of the coast of Podgorje failed, when they should have created the prerequisites for the development of a functional network of settlements, which would have in turn created and kept necessary functions and retained the population. The absence of these processes has led to the demographic decline of the area.

Некоторые соображения об эволюции городов Золотой Орды

The paper presents the regularities in the evolution of the Golden Horde towns. The authors proposed a scheme of periodization of emergence and existence of the Golden Horde towns, which takes into consideration the third component of the Golden Horde — sedentary rural settlements — and consists of seven stages. The 1 st stage (1240 s —1260 s) was the emergence of a large number of settlements in the steppe zone and reconstruction of the settlement structures in the regions with an already developed network of rural settlements (Volga’s Bulgaria, Trans Kuban Region, Crimea). The 2 nd stage (1260 s —1290 s) was the period of the Golden Horde towns’ creation as one of the main manifestations of the sovereignty of the new State. The 3 rd stage (1290 s —1340 s) is the period of continuous growth of towns, when the number of population and territories increased many times. Stage 4 (1340 s —1350 s): a halt in the growth of the majority of the main towns of the Golden Horde, with a few exceptions. Stage 5 (1360 s —1370 s) “Great Troubles”: gradual fading of the world of Golden Horde towns. Stage 6 (1380 s —1390 s): a weak attempt of Tokhtamysh Khan to revive economic life in the main Golden Horde towns. Stage 7 (1390 s —1420 s): final death of sedentary life in the main steppe territory of the Golden Horde. The authors see the reason for the disappearance of both the Golden Horde state itself and the phenomenon of its urbanization in the preservation of nomadic pastoralism by the ethnic groups that constituted the military and political elite of the Golden Horde, which led to irremovable contradictions and flaws in the economic and social structure of the State.

Rural settlement as a factor of administrative and territorial changes (on the example of Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi regions)

Purpose: to analyze the features of rural settlement in Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi regions and to identify its influence on the formation and functioning of territorial communities and districts of these regions. Methods. comparative-geographical, statistical, analytical method, structural-functional approach Results: the rural settlement network of the Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi regions was analyzed from a socio-geographic point of view, taking into account the similarity of natural and geographical conditions, historical, ethno-geographical aspects of the formation of settlements and modern socio-spatial processes in the regions. It is noted that the regions have a number of common features of rural settlement, in particular, high density and average population of settlements in the plain part and zones of dispersed settlement in mountainous areas, which must be taken into account in the process of formation of territorial communities. It is noted that according to the results of the ATU reform in the regions, rural communities absolutely prevail. This will contribute to the preservation of the demographic and socio-economic potential of rural settlements - community centers, however, in remote peripheral and depressed areas, rural communities may not be able to cope financially and administratively given the limitations of their own resources. Possible positive and negative consequences of the impact of the reform on changes in inter-settlement relations, functions of settlements, and their further development are identified and summarized. Conclusions: Intra-regional differences in rural settlement are an important factor in administrative-territorial changes and were taken into account in the process of formation of territorial communities and new districts. Most communities in both regions are rural; the settlements that became their centers received broad powers and prospects for development. In today's conditions, most rural communities cannot take advantage of the opportunities of decentralization due to the limited socio-economic potential of settlements. According to indicators of economic activity, these communities are mostly subsidized and require significant investment income. The development of rural areas will contribute to the strengthening of the grassroots link of the administrative-territorial system.

Studying of settler network of the Ternopil area, by realization of typification of settlements

A brief general analysis of research and publications of scientists who worked in the field of typification of settlements in various directions was carried out. Approaches to the classification of settlements by population, their functional and genetic features and status in different historical periods are considered. Most researchers, in particular, attach great importance to the analysis of the historical and geographical aspects of the emergence of settlements, and as a result, the formation of settlement networks. Emphasis is placed on the importance of natural conditions, in particular the relief and density of the river network, which directly had a significant impact on the choice of places for the formation of the settlement network. It is observed that there is a direct connection between the topographic type and the planning structure of settlements. An analysis of processed and analyzed data was carried out, in particular on the population of the Ternopil region for the period from 2003 to 2022. The settlements of the Ternopil region by population were analyzed and systematized, and the typification of villages, cities and towns by population was carried out, for the region as a whole and for each of the districts separately. A clearly expressed tendency to reduce the number of the region's population during the period under consideration was noted, and the predominance of the share of rural residents in the overall structure of the region's population was also revealed. It was found that more than 42% of the settlements (the largest group) are settlements with a population of 101 to 500 inhabitants. Typification of settlements by topographical types is carried out, in the section of the Ternopil Oblast and each of its districts separately. Taking into account the peculiarities of the relief and the presence of a dense network of small rivers, on the banks of which the vast majority of settlements in the Ternopil region are usually located, the main topographic types of settlements were distinguished: watershed, stream-river, and valley-river, which is the most numerous, is divided into subtypes. Settlements of the Ternopil region are grouped and separated according to the main planning forms, namely: simple linear, complex linear, circular, random-group, quarter and combined. The impact of topographic types on the formation of the planning structure of settlements is analyzed. Settlements were typified according to their planning structure, and the main features and regularities characteristic of different regions of the region were identified. The most common planning forms of settlements in the region were branched, lying to complex linear forms and linear-multi-row, most of such settlements are located on the banks of rivers with branching streets from lower to upper terraces. For a more complete understanding of the peculiarities of the formation of the settlement network of the Ternopil region, it is considered appropriate to trace the historical aspects and periods of their occurrence, and the functions assigned to a specific individual settlement from the moment of its foundation. Considering the natural features of the region, the largest share among the settlements of the region is naturally dominated by rural settlements specializing in agriculture, it is also worth highlighting settlements that performed defense, trade and administrative functions, most of which have retained their status as cities to this day. As a result of the last classification, clear patterns of combination and interweaving of the historical and geographical aspects of the placement of settlements with the natural features of the area and their genetic and functional type were revealed. Keywords: placing of population, settlement, typification, topographical types of settlements, plan forms of settlements, genetically-functional types of settlements.