Description Of Set Research Articles

Descriptive set theory, from Cantor to Wadge and beyond

The article surveys some selected topics in descriptive set theory, showing how the problem of classifying sets according to their complexity has been tackled since Cantor's creation of the subject to current research.

Analysis of Poisoning Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bahawalpur

Objectives: The objective was to analyse the poisoning cases coming at A&E Department B.V Hospital Bahawalpur with regard to demographic profile and fatality. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study (Descriptive) Setting and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at A&E Department B.V Hospital Bahawalpur, covering a span of one year. i.e 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017. Materials and Methods: A total of 2261 cases were included in this study. After, history was taken, perusal of treatment notes was done, performa was filled and the demographic profile with type of poison was noted. Results: Out of 2261 cases, 1625 (72%) were male and 636 (28%) were females. Most common age group affected was 21-40 years n=1080(48%), while least number of cases noted in above 60 years of age n=95(4%). Maximum number of Black Stone (PPD) n=1093 (48.4%) cases were examined while wheat pills poisoning was recognised as highest toxic agent (45% mortality). Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows predominant ages were between 21-40 years and males accounted for maximum number of cases. Suicidal intention was commonest manner and PPD was the most frequent one. Wheat pills surfaced as the most lethal poison. Keywords: Poisoning, Paraphenylene Diamine (PPD), Aluminium Phosphide (Wheat pills). Drugs of Addiction

Patterns of Lip-prints in Undergraduate Medical Students of Bahawalpur

Objectives: To determine the frequency of different lip patterns among medical students. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study (Descriptive) Setting and Duration of Study: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, QAMC/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. From 15th January 2018 to 14 March 2018 Materials and Methods: Total 203 of medical students 18-25 years of age of and both genders was selected. Subjects with any lip deformity or allergic episode with lip stick were excluded. After application of a dark colored, non-glossy, less moist lipstick on lips, lip-prints were obtained on a cellophane tape and then pasted on A4 paper. Results: Out of these 203 subjects, 110 (54.19%) were men and 93 (45.81%) were women with M:F ratio of 1.2:1. In this study, Type I (26.11%) and Type II (20.69%) was the utmost communal lip patterns, trailed by Type-I’ (18.72%), Type III (18.23%), Type IV (10.34%) and Type V (5.91%). Conclusion: This study concluded that cheiloscopy and its pattern recognition in varying circumstances provide valuable information with regards to identification of an individual. Keywords: Cheiloscopy, Identification, Fingerprinting, Geographical Area

Usefulness of Peak Flow Meter in Monitoring of Asthma Management in Pediatric Age Group

Objective: Toassess the incidence of usage of peak flow meter in the monitoring of asthma management in pediatric age group. Study Design: Descriptive case study Settings: Out Patient Department and Medical Ward of the Children's hospital and The Institute of Child Health Lahorefor duration of six months from 1st October 2016 to 31st March 2017. Methodology: Patients admitted in the hospital fulfilling the criteria of inclusion were enrolled in the analysis. After taking informed consent from parents and approval from ethical committee their demographic information was recorded. The proforma was completed by the researcher. Follow up was done after one-week to label PFM usage. Results: Out of 210 cases, 55.24%(n=116) were between 8-12 years of age while 44.76%(n=94) were between 13-16 years of age, 50.95%(n=107) were male while 49.05%(n=103) were females with mean age 12.0+2.30 years. Frequency of usage of peak flow meter in the monitoring of asthma treatment was recorded in 18.57%(n=39) whereas 81.43%(n=171) had no PFM usage. Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of usage of peak flow meter in the monitoring of asthma treatment in pediatric age group is similar to other studies but very few data on practices of asthma management in Pakistan and different protocols are used for asthma self-management which needs some-other studies so that more appropriate and evidenced based data may be collected for developing the local guidelines of self-management of asthma. Keywords: Asthma, Monitoring, Usage of peak flow meter

First Attempt Intubation Success Rate with Video Laryngoscope after Failed Direct Laryngoscopy

Objectives: Several unsuccessful intubation attempts prompted the authors of this study to investigate the efficacy of the C-MAC video laryngoscope. Methods: After first attempts with a Macintosh direct laryngoscope were unsuccessful, patients were ultimately able to be intubated with the help of C-MAC laryngoscopes. It was determined whether or not there was a correlation between the positive outcome of C-MAC catheterization and the laryngeal photographs that were produced by the device. Study design: Descriptive Cross sectional Study Settings:Department of Anesthesia, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi Study duration:January 2021 to January 2022 Results: Cormack and Lehane gave the Macintosh laryngoscope ratings of III and IV, however CMAC gave scores of I to 13 patients, II to 7 patients, and III to one patient. Tracheal intubation with CMAC was successful in 16 patients (76.2% percent) on the first try, and in 5 patients on the second attempt (23.8% percent). Only a trace of blood was discovered on the blades of three patients (14 percent). Conclusion: During routine anaesthetic treatment, a C-MAC video laryngoscope can successfully overcome unsuccessful intubations. The C-MAC video laryngoscope is a key recovery instrument that is both efficient and safe in the case of an intubation failure.

A Maturity Model for Resilient Safety Culture Development in Construction Companies

A resilient safety culture is characterized by the capability of addressing the changing and unforeseen safety risks associated with the increasingly complex nature of sociotechnical systems, and creating an ultrasafe organization. An assessment of the maturation of resilient safety culture helps organizations to evaluate their capabilities of managing safety risks and achieving a consistently high safety performance. This study aims to present a maturity model developed to measure and improve resilient safety culture in the construction environment. The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage consisted of a review of the literature on the concepts of a resilient safety culture and the capability maturity model for the development of a maturity model. In the second stage, the developed model was evaluated using the Delphi technique. The model defines five maturity levels that can be used to measure resilient safety culture of a construction organization. It presents a set of descriptions of 19 aspects of resilient safety culture at each maturity level. The assessment procedure and the way of using the model are further discussed. Theoretically, this study provides insights into the maturity characteristics of a resilient safety culture. In practical terms, it offers guidance for benchmarking and encouraging the enhancement of organizations’ capabilities to manage safety risks.

HRCT Pattern in COVID-19 Patients

Background: In December 2019, a group of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause was found in Wuhan, China, now known as coronavirus disease 2019, and the coronavirus was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High-resolution computed1tomography (HRCT) is currently regarded as a significant imaging technique for aiding in the diagnosis & management of COVID-19 patients. Objective: To find the different patterns of1manifestation in HRCT chest in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Setting: University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Radiology Department in University of teaching hospital, Lahore. 240 participants' medical histories were thoroughly reviewed, both directly from them and on case sheets. All patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were admitted to the hospital and received a chest HRCT. Three follow-up HRCT chest scans were performed on one patient. The distribution and patterns of lung involvement were studied. Each of the five lung lobes was evaluated visually for degree of involvement and categorized as mild (26-50 percent), moderate (51-75 percent), or severe (75 percent) (76-100 percent). Data was analyzing in SPSS. Age was presented as mean + SD. Gender and other HRCT patterns were presented as frequency & percentage. Result: Total 240 COVID-19 patients included. There were 142(59.4%) male and 97(40.6%) female. The mean age was 54.0+15.71 with age range of 4 to 84 years. Large number of patients 114(47.7%) were in the age group 45-64 years. Ground glass opacity was the most common CT abnormality, with 236(99.2%) cases. Among them 49(20.5%) cases had GGO plus consolidations. Crazy paving pattern was seen in 136(56.9%) cases. Only 10(4.2%) patients with GGO pulmonary nodules and pleural effusion were involved. The majority of the patients had a fever 114(47.5%), while the least frequent symptom was a runny nose (7(2.9%). Conclusion: Pure GGO pneumonia is the most prevalent pattern of COVID-19 pneumonia seen on HRCT scans, GGO consolidation, with crazy paving with prominent distribution in the lung posterior & peripheral area. Keywords: COVID-19, HRCT, GGO, Pneumonia.

Semiotic and Thematic Process for Audiovisual Documents Description

The extraction of description is important in audio-visual document retrieval. Although various approaches were proposed, extracting semiotic descriptions that reflect the content knowledge remains a challenging task. This paper proposes an approach for describing external and a semiotic description of audio-visual document. The main objective is to associate a set of semiotic descriptions to each filmic segment in order to facilitate the interrogation of huge quantities of the filmic document. The extraction description process relies mainly on the probabilistic LDA model and Dublin Core. To identify the description, a combination method applied both weighing score and position of each extracted theme. Qualitative and quantitative experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The performance of the extracted semiotic description is better than that of the descriptions presented in the literature. The good results were obtained due to good choice of the information sources, the adaptation of the LDA, and the importance of the identification process.

Ultrasound Findings in Dengue Fever: A Single Center Study

Dengue fever is the most quickly spreading and transmitted mosquito bite disease, with an annual incidence of around 50 million people. Plasma leakage during dengue fever results in the development of serious consequences. Objective: To determine the ultrasonography findings used for diagnosing plasma leakage in patients managed with diagnosis of dengue fever Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study Setting: Department of Radiologist, Bahawal victoria hospital Bahawalpur. Duration of Study: 4 months (August to November, 2021) Methodlogy: All the patients of dengue fever admitted in the dengue isolation ward of the hospital, diagnosed using anti-dengue serology were enrolled to be included in the study after a written informed consent from the parents or attendants. All these patients were sent to a consultant radiologist for ultrasound abdomen to look for ascites, pleural effusion, gall bladder thickness, liver size, hepatomegaly, spleen size and splenomegaly. Results: Dengue fever is one of the most frequent diseases in our region of the globe. It manifests itself in a variety of ways, but early detection and treatment can help to reduce case fatality rates. This demonstrates the ultrasonography results that might be observed in Dengue Fever patients showing capillary leakage are seen in around thirty percent of the patients. Further studies should be done to correlate ultrasonography findings with the severity of dengue. Conclusion: Dengue fever is one of the most frequent diseases in our region of the globe. It manifests itself in a variety of ways, but early detection and treatment can help to reduce case fatality rates. This demonstrates the ultrasonography results that might be observed in Dengue Fever patients showing capillary leakage are seen in around thirty percent of the patients. Further studies should be done to correlate ultrasonography findings with the severity of dengue. Keywords: Dengue, splenomegaly, Ultrasonography, Ascites, Pleural effusion, Gall bladder thickness

How COVID-19 is Affecting Pedestrian Modeling and Simulation: The Case of Venice

The use of computer-based pedestrian crowd simulations has become crucial in transport planning considering the unprecedented effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban mobility. However, there is still a lack of knowledge in relation to the impact of social distancing on crowding, queuing, route choice, and other pedestrian crowd phenomena. In this context, the aim of the current study was to apply the Social Force Model of the pedestrian simulation platform PTV Viswalk to investigate the effects of disruption of social distancing on pedestrian dynamics. First, a descriptive set of metrics and parameters was applied for calibrating the dynamic regulation of interpersonal distances among pedestrians. The plausibility of the proposed social distancing model was then evaluated against the so-called fundamental diagram to calibrate pedestrian volume-delay functions. Finally, the proposed model was integrated into the PTV Visum simulation platform to evaluate the effects of social distancing on large-scale pedestrian route choice. To do so, a macroscopic static model of the city of Venice was developed to test the effectiveness of alternative crowd management strategies related to pedestrian dynamics in a predictive scheme.

Recommender system information trustworthiness: The role of perceived ability to learn, self-extension, and intelligence cues

Making consumers trust in product descriptions provided by recommender systems is important for marketers, managers, and IT developers dealing with AI-based recommenders. The previous related research has focused on the relationship between the personalization of a recommender system's offering and consumer trust in the system. This paper aims to extend this literature by investigating how the perceived recommender system ability to learn influences the perceived trustworthiness of the recommended product descriptions. Additionally, it is studied what role the consumer self-extension into system recommendations and intelligence cues play in this relationship. Two studies (Study 1 and Study 2) were conducted among young adults participating in an online research panel. Both studies used smartphones as a product category. All study participants were exposed to the same set of product descriptions ostensibly provided by recommender systems. Study 1 surveyed actual Facebook users (N = 204) and assumed Facebook as a recommender system. Perceived ability to learn, self-extension, and perceived trustworthiness were rated by the participants, and the measurements were analyzed with a mediation model. Perceived ability to learn had a positive effect on perceived description trustworthiness, and self-extension mediated this relationship. Study 2 (N = 515) was an experiment. The participants were exposed to a fictitious recommender system. Ability-to-learn cues (like asking about preferences; present vs. absent) and anthropomorphic cues (like first-person and conversation-like communication; present vs. absent) were manipulated between-subject. Perceived ability to learn, perceived anthropomorphism, and trustworthiness were rated by the participants, and the measurements were analyzed with ANOVA and moderated mediation models. Ability-to-learn cues × anthropomorphism cues interaction effect occurred on perceived ability to learn and trustworthiness. The positive effect of ability-to-learn cues on perceived ability to learn (perceived trustworthiness) was more positive (occurred only) in the presence of anthropomorphic cues. The paper extends the existing knowledge on consumer response to recommender systems by linking perceived system ability to learn and perceived recommended product description trustworthiness (with the evaluated offerings unchanged). Moreover, the paper provides novel insights into the role of self-extension and system intelligence cues in building consumer trust in recommender systems. The results may guide marketers, managers, IT developers, and policymakers dealing with AI-based systems through the possible consequences of developing AI technology in recommender systems.

Complexity of distances: Reductions of distances between metric and Banach spaces

We show that all the standard distances from metric geometry and functional analysis, such as Gromov-Hausdorff distance, Banach-Mazur distance, Kadets distance, Lipschitz distance, Net distance, and Hausdorff-Lipschitz distance have all the same complexity and are reducible to each other in a precisely defined way. This is done in terms of descriptive set theory and is a part of a larger research program initiated by the authors in \emph{Complexity of distances: Theory of generalized analytic equivalence relations}. The paper is however targeted also to specialists in metric geometry and geometry of Banach spaces.

The Nominal Group in British Sign Language: A Preliminary Description

Research investigating British Sign Language (BSL) – and sign languages more generally – from systemic functional perspectives is gradually increasing but remains nascent overall. The current paper offers a step towards a steadily growing set of functional descriptions of BSL, focusing on the nominal group and potential nominal functions. The findings of a small-scale analysis of publicly accessible BSL data are presented. Videos of BSL users were analyzed to identify patterns regarding nominal functions, wherein Thing, Epithet, Classifier, Numerative and Deictic were observed. These five functions are exemplified and examined in order to dissect how nominal elements may be realized. The summary section of this paper offers a reference table comprising the observations made in this paper for each of the five functions noted above, as well as areas for further investigation. The observations and conclusions drawn in this work can be used as a stable base from which future functional studies and descriptions of sign languages may grow.

Development of Kaya Slice (coconut jam slice): evaluation of physicochemical, sensory evaluation and macronutrients composition when cooperated with gelatin

Kaya Slice is a nutritious traditional breakfast-on-the-go that was innovated from the traditional kaya. In this study, the traditional kaya was transformed into square shape gelatin to make it a more convenient and ready-to-eat breakfast. A total of six formulations were developed by using commercial and fresh coconut milk together with different percentages of gelatin (2%, 4%, and 6%). This insight was investigated by sensory evaluation using a 9-point hedonic and scoring test in descriptive data set. The best formulation obtained from the evaluation of 35 panellists was then characterized in terms of physicochemical properties (Texture Profile Analysis (firmness), Brix, Protein, Fat, Fiber, and Calories). From the descriptive data, all formulations were accepted by the panellist. Nevertheless, ANOVA analysis indicated that C2 (commercial coconut milk + 4% of gelatin) is the best formulation. In macronutrient analysis, Kaya Slice was found to have good dietary fibre content (0.11 g/100 g), high-fat content (0.49 g/100 g), protein content (0.32 g/100 g) compare to the commercial kaya (0.00 g/100 g), (1.00 g/100 g), and (0.00 g/100 g) respectively. Low-calorie content in Kaya Slice with 45 % of °Brix value is the minimal degree of Brix and the texture was softer (hardness) (significantly different (p<0.05)) to commercially processed cheese slice as standard. Overall, Kaya Slice has a great potential in becoming new emergent of traditional nutritious breakfast on the go.

Review: Into the Sea, by Ash Watson

Review: <i>Into the Sea</i>, by Ash Watson

HRCT Pattern in COVID-19 Patients

Background: In December 2019, a group of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause was found in Wuhan, China, now known as coronavirus disease 2019, and the coronavirus was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High-resolution computed1tomography (HRCT) is currently regarded as a significant imaging technique for aiding in the diagnosis &amp; management of COVID-19 patients. Objective: To find the different patterns of1manifestation in HRCT chest in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Setting: University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Radiology Department in University of teaching hospital, Lahore. 240 participants' medical histories were thoroughly reviewed, both directly from them and on case sheets. All patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were admitted to the hospital and received a chest HRCT. Three follow-up HRCT chest scans were performed on one patient. The distribution and patterns of lung involvement were studied. Each of the five lung lobes was evaluated visually for degree of involvement and categorized as mild (26-50 percent), moderate (51-75 percent), or severe (75 percent) (76-100 percent). Data was analyzing in SPSS. Age was presented as mean + SD. Gender and other HRCT patterns were presented as frequency &amp; percentage. Result: Total 240 COVID-19 patients included. There were 142(59.4%) male and 97(40.6%) female. The mean age was 54.0+15.71 with age range of 4 to 84 years. Large number of patients 114(47.7%) were in the age group 45-64 years. Ground glass opacity was the most common CT abnormality, with 236(99.2%) cases. Among them 49(20.5%) cases had GGO plus consolidations. Crazy paving pattern was seen in 136(56.9%) cases. Only 10(4.2%) patients with GGO pulmonary nodules and pleural effusion were involved. The majority of the patients had a fever 114(47.5%), while the least frequent symptom was a runny nose (7(2.9%). Conclusion: Pure GGO pneumonia is the most prevalent pattern of COVID-19 pneumonia seen on HRCT scans, GGO consolidation, with crazy paving with prominent distribution in the lung posterior &amp; peripheral area. Keywords: COVID-19, HRCT, GGO, Pneumonia.

Penerapan Metode Omnibus Law dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja

The application of an Omnibus Law method first full-length time is used in Indonesia in the formation of the Law No. 11 Year 2020 about Cipta Kerja. This certainly need to examined will the adoption of an Omnibus Law method in the formation of the Law Cipta Kerja in accordance with the procedures and the principles for the formation of legislations in Indonesia. This study using qualitiative methodology through approach normative juridical that have been analyzed a sort of descriptive set with conducted research on the application of an Omnibus Law method in the of the Law Cipta Kerja and legislations which are related. In this context discusses how the law in the formation of an omnibus legislation, in Indonesia the application of an Omnibus Law method in the of the Law Cipta Kerja in the formation and the discourse.Through this research, the results obtained that the Omnibus Law Method has been substantively carried out in Indonesia in the formation of several laws and regulations and the position of Omnibus Law is as a method. An Omnibus Law has not been regulated in of Law No. 12 Year 2011 that has been converted in of Law No. 15 Year 2019 at about rule the formation of legislation, so there will be a different on a number of clauses in the preparation of the Law Cipta Kerja. This then creates a discourse in its application which has implications for the quality of The Law Cipta Kerja.

To Determine The Risk Factors and Indications of Emergency Peripartum Hysterectomy

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors leading to emergency peripartum hysterectomy Introduction: The emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) is a dreadful complication and to determine its risk factors is very important to early and prompt management. Objective: My objective is to determine the frequency of factors leading to emergency peripartum hysterectomy. Main outcome: EPH is the main outcome which is surgical removal of uterus due to severe postpartum hemorrhage Study design: Descriptive case series Setting: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, District Headquarter Hospital, Gujranwala Duration of study: 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019 Material and methods: Seventy patients undergoing emergency peripartum hysterectomy were selected from the Obstetrics and Gynecology emergency department of District Headquarter Hospital, Gujranwala. Hospital registration numbers was noted and for all enrolled women. The major risk factors like uterine atony, uterine rupture and abnormal placentation was noted down from detailed history and clinical and ultrasound examinations and surgeon notes was collected. All patients will be efficiently managed throughout a per standard guidelines. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. The quantitative variables were age, gestational age and BMI. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative data. Frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative data like parity and risk factors. Effect modifiers like age, parity and BMI was controlled by stratification. Post stratification Chi square test was applied. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age was 28.64 ± 6.836 years. The mean gestational age and BMI were 31.61 ± 3.576 weeks and 23.66 ± 2.904 kg/m2 respectively. The frequency of parity groups was as follows; for parity 1, 2, 3, 4 and ≥5 was 13 (18.6%), 10 (14.3%), 11 (15.7%), 25 (35.7%) and 11 (15.7%) respectively. The main causes of EPH were uterine rupture, abnormal placentation and uterine atony with proportions of 30%, 44.3% and 12.9% respectively. The data was stratified according to age, gestational age, parity and BMI. The results showed that there was no significant impact of age, gestational age, parity and BMI as all p values were &gt;0.05 Conclusion: The emergency peripartum hysterectomy has various causative factors and uterine rupture, abnormal placentation and uterine atony are the most significant factors which can be minimized to reduce its incidence. Keywords: Emergency Hysterectomy Obstetric Outcome Postoperative Complications Postpartum Hemorrhage/epidemiology/surgery Pregnancy

Frequency of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in Teenage Pregnancy, Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine the frequency of pregnancy induced hypertension in teenage pregnancy, presenting in a tertiary care hospital. Design of the Study: It’s a descriptive case series Study Settings: This study was done at Department of Gynaecology &amp; Obstetrics, Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi from January 2021 to June 2021. Material and Methods: Total 163 women with gestational age 20 and more weeks, age 10 to 19 years, singleton pregnancy, and with any parity were included in the study. On the basis of clinical examination, pregnancy comprised hypertension was diagnosed. If any patient had BP equal or more than 140/90 on more than two separate occasions, then it was considered as hypertensive. Patients were followed at 24, 28, 34, 36, and 38 weeks till delivery to look for development of Pregnancy induced hypertension. If patient developed any complications, was admitted and managed accordingly. By using computer program SPSS-17, data was entered and analyzed. For post stratification Chi-square test was applied and p-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results of the Study: The average maternal age was 16.53±1.94 years. The mean parity was 3.03±1.44 and mean gravidity was 2.80±1.44. The mean gestational age was 31.17±3.52 weeks, with range 16(21–37) weeks. Age of 49 women was ≤15 years and age of rest of the 114 women patients was &gt;15 years. The parity of gravidity of 113 women was ≤3 and it was &gt;3 in 50 women. The parity of 131 women was ≤3 and in the 32 women it was &gt;3. The gestational age of 73 women was ≤30 weeks and gestational age of 90 women was &gt;30 weeks. The pregnancy induced hypertension was found in 24(14.7%) females who are expecting involved in the research. Among women with PIH the mean age was 16.46±2.14 years and mean gestational age was 30.83±3.26 weeks. The results showed no statistically significant association of maternal age, gravidity, parity, and gestational age with pregnancy induced hypertension. Conclusion: For higher incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension, the younger maternal age is a significant risk factor. Keywords: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Teenage Pregnancy, Frequency

Diagnostic Evaluation of Polycystic Ovarian Disease

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder that affects about one in 15 females worldwide. The major endocrine disruption is excessive androgen secretion or activity, and a large proportion of women also have abnormal insulin activity. Many body systems are affected, resulting in several health complications, including menstrual dysfunction, infertility, hirsutism, acne, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Several biochemical tests play an important role in diagnosing and predicting health consequences of this disease. Aims: To determine the signs and symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome in gynaecology outpatient department of Jinnah Hospital Lahore and to describe the clinical presentations, biochemical findings and ultrasound findings in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Design Descriptive case series Setting: Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore from 1st March 2018 to 28th February 2019. Methodology: One hundred patients of reproductive age group with signs and symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome were included. A detailed history and examination was carried out. Then diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome was confirmed by laboratory tests and ultrasound findings. Results: 72% patients presented with menstrual irregularities.56% patients had BMI&gt; 25kg/m2 .72% patients had hirsutism. Out of total patients 62% patients were married and 38% were unmarried. Among those who were married 24(38.7%) patients presented with primary infertility and 17(27.4%) presented with secondary infertility.44% patients had raised total serum testosterone. Diabetes mellitus was present in 14% of patients. Ultrasound criteria were fulfilled in 77% patients with polycystic ovarian disease. Conclusion: Most common clinical presentations of polycystic ovarian disease were found to be menstrual irregularities, hirsutism and obesity. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism was also more commonly found in obese XIV and hirsute women. Also ultrasound is a very useful diagnostic tool for polycystic ovarian disease. Keywords: Polycystic ovarian disease, diagnostic evaluation, health consequences, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance.