A semigroup prime of a commutative ring R is a prime ideal of the semigroup $$(R,\cdot )$$ . One of the purposes of this paper is to study, from a topological point of view, the space $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R)$$ of prime semigroups of R. We show that, under a natural topology introduced by B. Olberding in 2010, $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R)$$ is a spectral space (after Hochster), spectral extension of $${{\mathtt {Spec}}}(R)$$ , and that the assignment $$R\mapsto {\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R)$$ induces a contravariant functor. We then relate—in the case R is an integral domain—the topology on $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R)$$ with the Zariski topology on the set of overrings of R. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R)$$ and the space $$\varvec{\mathcal {X}}(R)$$ consisting of all nonempty inverse-closed subspaces of $${{\mathtt {Spec}}}(R)$$ , which has been introduced and studied in Finocchiaro et al. (submitted). In this context, we show that $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}( R)$$ is a spectral retract of $$\varvec{\mathcal {X}}(R)$$ and we characterize when $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}( R)$$ is canonically homeomorphic to $$\varvec{\mathcal {X}}(R)$$ , both in general and when $${{\mathtt {Spec}}}(R)$$ is a Noetherian space. In particular, we obtain that, when R is a Bezout domain, $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}( R)$$ is canonically homeomorphic both to $$\varvec{\mathcal {X}}(R)$$ and to the space $$\mathtt {Overr}(R)$$ of the overrings of R (endowed with the Zariski topology). Finally, we compare the space $$\varvec{\mathcal {X}}(R)$$ with the space $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R(T))$$ of semigroup primes of the Nagata ring R(T), providing a canonical spectral embedding $${\varvec{\mathcal {X}}}(R)\hookrightarrow {\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R(T))$$ which makes $${\varvec{\mathcal {X}}}(R)$$ a spectral retract of $${\varvec{\mathcal {S}}}(R(T))$$ .