Sesame Production Research Articles

Productivity and Profitability of Sesame / Green Gram / Urdbean – Mustard Based Cropping Systems under Moisture Conservation Practices

A field experiments was conducted on sandy loam soil during 2016 -17 and 2017 -18 at M.G. chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.) to find out the most productive and profitable mustard based cropping system under different moisture conservation practices. Treatment consisted three cropping systems viz. Sesame –mustard, green gram-mustard and urdbean –mustard and four moisture conservation practices (no irrigation, life saving irrigation, straw mulch @4 t/ha and kaolin 5% spray). Results revealed that on pooled basis of two years mulching @4 t/ha produced significantly higher grain yield of sesame (512 kg/ha), green gram (1023 kg/ha) urdbean (2349 kg/ha) and mustard (2558kg/ha) than no irrigation while numerical enhancement were recorded under life saving irrigation and kaolin 5 % spray treatment in seed yield of sesame, green gram, urdbean and mustard crop. The maximum mustard equivalent grain yield of 3759 kg/ha, system production efficiency of 33.52 kg/ha/day and system profitability of 339.00 Rs/ha/day was recorded under green gram – mustard system. Among the moisture conservation practices, straw mulch treatment had highest mustard equivalent grain yield of 4021 kg/ha, production efficiency of 35.83 kg/ha/day and system profitability (35.83 Rs/ha/day). The gross returns (Rs 182764/ha), net returns (Rs 139644/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (3.24) were maximized under green gram- mustard system x straw mulch @4 t/ha treatment on pooled basis.

Evaluation of Soil Suitability for Sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria

This study evaluates the soil suitability for sesame (Sesamum indicum) farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the suitable soil for sesame farming in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba using expert Knowledge, to determine the concentration of soil nutrients for sesame farming in Gassol LGA and to compare the level of soil suitability for Sesame farming in Gassol LGA with that of FAO. The expert questionnaires were used to identify the preferred nutrients for sesame farming. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to determine the weight of the different soil nutrients by pairwise comparison matrix. The soil samples were collected from the twelve (12) political wards of the study area. The soil samples taken from each ward were air dried, crushed and sieved using a 2 mm sieve and analysed using standard soil analytical procedures at the Modibbo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola. Soil pH was measured (soil: water ratio, 1:2) using a pH metre; total N content was determined by flame photometer. The study revealed through the pairwise comparison matrix that favourable average nitrogen in the area ranked first among the nutrients, followed by potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, electrical conductivity, organic matter, organic carbon and potential hydrogen. The Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.05 was consistent with the experts’ judgement in determining the preference of soil nutrients for sesame farming in the Gassol area. The laboratory results indicated that potential hydrogen (6.0), electrical conductivity (0.2) and sulphur (5.5) are low in soil nutrients for farming sesame in the study area based on the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO 1976) standard. It further shows that organic carbon (0.5) and nitrogen (0.1) are very low in the soil for sesame farming in the study area while potassium (10.5) and organic matter (2.0) are high in the soil nutrient content of the study area. It was recommended that to ensure optimal sesame production, there is a need for awareness by farmers of the suitable site for sesame farming, and farmers need adequate knowledge of the appropriate fertiliser for sesame farming to improve the soil where the nutrients are low, It further recommends for access to farm inputs such as credit facilities, fertiliser, improve seeds and other infrastructural development for farmers.

Evaluation of Sowing Methods and Herbicide Mixtures for Weed Management and Productivity in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Sesame is an oil seed crop with great economic value. However, the production of this crop has been limited by weed competition, which prompted a field experiment during the 2021 cropping season in two locations: Teaching and Research Farm, Kwara State University, Malete, and National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Idofian, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria. The aim was to determine the treatment combinations of sowing methods and herbicide mixtures for the effective management of weeds and for increasing sesame productivity in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiment consisted of twenty treatments comprising two sowing methods (dibbling and drilling) and ten weed control methods. Results showed that all the weed control methods reduced weed dry matter (67.15–186.20 and 42.00–92.45 g/m2) than the weedy check (291.55 and 155.55 g/m2) at Malete and NCAM, respectively. They also reduced the weed density (48.40–68.45 and 34.00–50.00/m2) compared to the weedy check (103.60 and 73.15 g/m2) at Malete and NCAM, respectively, from 6 to 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Dibbling (85.15 and 48.81 m2) proved superior to the drilling method (172.42 and 51.58/m2) for the management of weeds from 6–12 WAP and for promoting higher crop yield (dibbling: 78.90 and 422.70 kg/ha; drilling: 37.50 and 326.80 kg/ha) in Malete and NCAM, respectively. The treatment combinations with the highest gross margin were hoeing twice at 3 and 6 WAP × dibbling ($ -191.15 and $ 318.57), pendimethalin (P) + diuron (D) at 0.5 + 0.5 kg a.i./ha ($ -199.88 and $ 182.43), 2.0 + 1.5 × dibbling ($ -273.59 and $ 156.65) and butachlor (B) + diuron (D) at 1.5 + 1.0 kg a.i./ha × drilling ($ -269.59 and $ 177.38) at Malete and NCAM, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended that the dibbling sowing method at a spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm and thinned to 3 plants/stand integrated with herbicide mixtures of pendimethalin at 0.5 + 0.5 kg a.i./ha is recommended as an alternative to hoe weeding for effective weed control, higher yield of sesame, and economic returns.

Effects of tillage practices and planting techniques on crop yield and soil properties in northwestern lowlands of Ethiopia

Vertisols are crucial for improving and sustaining food production in Ethiopia. However, due to conventional tillage and waterlogging, the great potential of Vertisols in the study area has been underutilized. Different tillage practices combined with planting techniques play a significant positive role in improving crop yield in high-rainfall areas. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tillage practices and planting techniques on the productivity of sesame and sorghum in Metema experimental site, in northwestern lowlands of Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted with three replications and six treatments described as: permanent raised bed with minimum tillage (PRB + MT), permanent raised bed with minimum tillage, and mulch (PRB + MT + M), broad bed furrow (BBF), flatbed with minimum tillage and mulch (Flat + MT + M), flatbed with minimum tillage (Flat + MT) and control. The results indicated that the soil moisture content was significantly higher in control (40.77–43.56 %) and flatbeds compared with BBF (39.30–40.39 %) and PRB + MT + M treatments. The bulk density of the soil and organic carbon levels showed significant variations between treatments. The highest bulk density was observed in the control (1.29 Mg m−3) than in PRB + MT (1.12 Mg m−3). In this regard, the highest seed yield of sesame (1138.52 kg ha−1) and grain yield of sorghum (5456.90 kg ha−1) were obtained from BBF and PRB + MT + M respectively. Inversely, the lowest seed yield of sesame (778.77 kg ha−1) and grain yield of sorghum (4052.7 kg ha−1) were obtained from the control plot. Therefore, to improve the productivity of sesame and sorghum, the preparation of BBF and PRB + MT + M should be taken into account.

QTL mapping in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A review.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop used for food, feed, medicinal, and industrial applications. Inherently low genetic yield potential and susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses contribute to low productivity in sesame. Development of stress resistant varieties coupled with high yield is a viable option to raise the genetic potential of sesame. Conventional phenotype-based breeding methods have made an important role in the last couple of decades by developing several sesame varieties with improved quality, yield, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, due to adverse environmental effects, time consuming to develop new variety, and low genetic gain, conventional phenotype-based approach is not adequate to satisfy the rising population growth. In this context, advanced method of genotype selection via modern techniques of biotechnology plays essential roles in reducing the constraints and boosting sesame production to satisfy the huge demand. In line to this, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is considered as a promising method to address the problems of sesame breeding. Previously, huge data have been generated in the practical use of QTL for sesame improvement. Therefore, this paper aims to review recent advances in the area of QTL mapping for yield and yield related traits in sesame for enhancing and sustaining sesame production. In this section, we present an intensive review on the identification and mapping of the most desirable potential candidate genes/QTLs associated with desirable traits. Moreover, this review focuses on the major QTL regions and/or potential candidate genes and associated molecular markers that could provide potential genetic resources for molecular marker-assisted selection and further cloning of functional genes for yield and yield-related traits as well as various biotic and abiotic stress tolerances. Finally, the summarized QTL mapping data shed light on future directions for enhanced sesame breeding programs.

Optimizing N fertilizer use for sesame under rain fed and irrigation conditions in Northern Ethiopia

Inappropriate use of fertilizers is one of the major production constraints in sesame. Studies on N fertilizer optimization on sesame were conducted at Humera Agricultural Research Center (HuARC) under rain fed and irrigation conditions. Thirteen (13) N doses were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) during 2016–2018 for rainfed conditions and 2017 to 2019 for irrigation conditions. The study was conducted with objective to optimize N fertilizer use for sesame. In the rainfed condition, the results demonstrated a prolonged duration to reach 50% flowering with higher nitrogen (N) application rates. The application of 52.5–110 ​kg ​N ha−1 resulted in significantly higher seed yield, while lower (18 ​kg ​N ha−1) and higher (156 ​kg ​N ha−1) doses of N led to reduced seed yield. Under irrigation conditions, superior seed weights and maximum seed yield were observed at 64 and 75 ​kg ​N ha-1, whereas lower N doses resulted in diminished seed yield. The agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer (N-AE) was found to be highest at the rate of 64 ​kg ​N ha−1 under both growing conditions. The partial budget analysis revealed that applying 64 ​kg ​N ha−1 for rainfed cultivation and between 64 and 75 ​kg ​N ha−1 for irrigated sesame production yielded greater net profit, MRR, and residual ranking. Therefore, it is recommended to apply a rate of 64 ​kg ​N ha−1 for rainfed sesame cultivation and between 64 up to 75 ​kg ​N ha−1 for the irrigated sesame inorder to increase the productivity of this crop.

Improving desirable agronomic traits of M2 lines on fourteen Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes using Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS).

Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated in Ethiopia as a cash crop for small holder farmers. However, low yield is one of the main constraints of its cultivation. Boosting and sustaining production of sesame is thus timely to achieve the global oil demand. This study was, therefore, aimed at identifying mutant genotypes targeted to produce better agronomic traits of M2 lines on fourteen Ethiopian sesame genotypes through seed treatment with chemical mutagens. EMS was used as a chemical mutagen to treat the fourteen sesame genotypes. Quantitative and qualitative data were recorded and analyzed using analysis of variance with GenStat 16 software. Post-ANOVA mean comparisons were made using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (p≤ 0.01). Statistically significant phenotypic changes were observed in both quantitative and qualitative agronomic traits of the M2 lines. All mutant genotypes generated by EMS treatment showed a highly significant variation for the measured quantitative traits, except for the traits LBL and LTL. On the other hand, EMS-treated genotypes showed a significant change for the qualitative traits, except for PGT, BP, SSCS, LC, LH and LA traits. Mutated Baha Necho, Setit 3, and Zeri Tesfay showed the most promising changes in desirable agronomic traits. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report on the treatment of sesame seeds with EMS to generate desirable agronomic traits in Ethiopian sesame genotypes. These findings would deliver an insight into the genetic characteristics and variability of important sesame agronomic traits. Besides, the findings set up a foundation for future genomic studies in sesame agronomic traits, which would serve as genetic resources for sesame improvement.

An Economic Analysis and Resource Use Efficiency of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and Its Competing Crops Cultivation in Haryana, India

The present study has been conducted in the Mahendergarh and Nizampur blocks of Mahendergard district and Rewari block from Rewari district of Haryana state. In order to draw meaningful inferences from data, the descriptive statistics, resource use efficiency worked out by Cobb-Douglas production function technique and constraints were identified on the basis of their rating (severe, moderate and least) in production of sesame. The results of the study showed that gross returns and return over variable cost per hectare were Rs. 47,048, Rs. 56,349, Rs. 54,948 and Rs. 26,697 Rs. 27,902, Rs. 32,575 in sesame, bajra and cluster bean, respectively. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) over total cost was accounted 1.16, 1.09 and 1.21 in sesame, bajra, and cluster bean crops respectively. It has been found that sesame provides lower returns in term of gross returns as well as returns over variable cost as compared to its major competing crops bajra and cluster bean. The regression analysis has brought out that the ratio of MVP/MFC is (>1) there exists sufficient potential in spending on fertilizers, irrigation and plant protection measures. The constraints faced by farmers indicated that the technological up gradation, effective market support (for inputs & output) were required to make sesame production a remunerative enterprise.

Does translocal vulnerability apply to labor migrants into the sesame production belt amid covid-19? Evidence from districts in Ethiopia

PurposeThe outbreak of covid-19 has affected international migration and remittance and has also narrowed down the opportunities for internal labor migrants. The pandemic has also left internal migrants in a threatening situation due to the closure of job opportunities. Taking the migration of labor from the highland toward the sesame production belt into consideration, this study aims to examine the influencing factors of migration to the sesame belt amid covid-19 and ascertain the link between migration and translocal vulnerability.Design/methodology/approachThe study followed a mixed approach that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. However, the quantitative approach tends to dominate due to the nature of the objectives of the study. The study was conducted in the central Gondar zone, using a cross-sectional survey design with a sample size of 150 households collected from January to March, 2021. Both descriptive and econometrics models such as binary logit model have been used.FindingsBased on the study result, we came to understand that migration is part and parcel of the livelihoods of the farm household that accounts for 35% of migration status amid covid-19. Particularly, the study came to conclude that households’ decision to send family members heavily relied on their prior information and fear of transmission of the coronavirus to family members which are statistically significant. As a result, this piece of work can be a good witness for translocal vulnerability where studies are very limited in the area. For this, this study suggests that concerned bodies like social and labor affairs in consultation with the agriculture offices and bureaus at a different level and the investors in the migrant’s destination should facilitate the protection and awareness mechanisms so that the spread of covid-19 can be minimized and thereby both the migrants and the investors can be benefitted from the migrants’ work amid covid-19.Originality/valueThis study tries to connect the current spread of covid-19 with the translocal vulnerability context. Primarily, it empirically argued the translocal vulnerability factor is the main determinant for the farm households to send families’ labor as a livelihood diversification strategy. Very limited studies consider the translocal vulnerability implication of migration; notably to the best of the researchers’ knowledge, studies that linked covid-19 with translocal vulnerability context are scant. On top of that, many studies that link migration with covid-19 tend to be inclined to international migration with very limited attention to internal migration.

Productivity of Sesame on Growth and Yield as Influence by Plant Spacing and Weed Management Practices

Field experiment was conducted during zaid-2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India, to investigate on the productivity of sesame on growth and yield as influence by plant spacing and weed management practices. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%). The treatments consist of three levels of spacing 20 x 10cm, 30 x 10 cm, and 40 x 10 cm and three types of weed managements (Two hand weeding at 21 and 42DAS, Pendimethalin 0.7 5kg/ha at 1 DAS + one hand weeding at 21 DAS, and + Quizalofop ethyl 0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS).The experiment was laidout in randomized complete block design with nine treatments each replicated three times. The results obtained indicated that the higher plant height (129.99 cm), higher number of branches (3.77), higher plant dry weight (15.63 g/plant), higher crop growth rate (12.13 g/m2/day) higher number of capsules/plant (31.91), higher number of seeds/ capsules (47.48), higher test weight (3.48 gm), higher seed yield (1177.07 kg/ha) and higher stalk yield (1610.41 kg/ha) were significantly influenced at a plant spacing of 40 x 10 cm along with the application of Quizalofop ethyl @0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS. However higher gross return (92,164.84 INR/ha), higher net return (65,840.84 INR/ha) and higher B:Cratio (2.50) were also recorded in treatment-9 at a spacing of 40 x 10 cm along with the application of Quizalofop ethyl @0.05 kg/ha on 25 DAS + one hand weeding at 42 DAS.

The Response of Grain and Oil Production and Water Productivity of Sesame to Limited Irrigation Under the Conditions of Vermicompost Application

The Response of Grain and Oil Production and Water Productivity of Sesame to Limited Irrigation Under the Conditions of Vermicompost Application

ANALYSIS OF SESAME PRODUCTION AMONG INDIGENOUS AND NON-INDIGENOUS FARMERS IN YAGBA EAST, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Sesame is one of the oil crops with high economic value. Its production is becoming more pronounced in many parts of the world and gaining more ground among farmers in Nigeria. The study analyzed sesame production among indigenous and non-indigenous farmers in Yagba East, Nigeria. This study employed a Two-stage sampling technique in collecting primary data from one hundred and twenty respondents. It is a comparative study with specific objectives embedded. The data collected were analyzed using Descriptive statistics, t-test, Gross margin analysis, and a 4.0-point Likert scale. The results show that the majority (58.33%) of indigenous farmers were young, while (65.00%) of non-indigenous farmers were middle age. Also, most respondents were married (65.00%, 81.67%) indigenous and non-indigenous farmers. The average total revenue (N370,452.50, N548,712.40) per hectare accrued to indigenous and non-indigenous farmers, respectively. The average total costs the indigenous and non-indigenous farmers expended were (N70,152.28, N84,408.18) per hectare, respectively. The findings showed (5.28, 6.50) as benefit-cost ratio (BCR) for the indigenous and non-indigenous farmers, respectively. The results revealed that the high cost of fertilizer (mean score=3.38, 3.88), lack of improved seed (mean score=3.23, 2.53), high transportation cost (mean score=3.25, 3.52), and access to credit (mean score= of 3.43, 3.42) were serious constraints confronting both the indigenous and non-indigenous farmers respectively. Therefore, good road construction is needed through self-help or government intervention for effective transportation of inputs and output, extension visit is paramount, and farmers' resources should be pooled together to enhance farmers' access to adequate finances.

Determining crop coefficient, yield response factor to water stress and water productivity of sesame in the lowland areas of Humera, Tigray

Determining crop coefficient, yield response factor to water stress and water productivity of sesame in the lowland areas of Humera, Tigray

Effect of Soil Types and Sowing Methods on Growth and Yield of Some Varieties of Sesame (<i>sesamum indicum L.</i>) Grown in Dutse, Jigawa State

A field trial on the effect of soil types and sowing methods on growth and yield of some varieties of sesame ( sesamum indicum L.) was conducted at school farm Federal University Dutse Jigawa state (latitude 11.00̊ N to 13.00̊ N and longitude 8.00̊ E to 10.15̊ E) during the 2019 rainy season. The treatments used were three soil types (Clay, loam, sand) and two sowing methods (drilling and dibbling). Two varieties of sesame namely EX-Sudan and E8 were used. A split-split plot design was used. Result showed that the number of leaves, number of capsules per plant 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant were significantly affected by sowing method with drilling method producing the highest seed yield per plant and variety had significant effect on number of leaves per plant, days to 50% flowering and maturity and seed yield per plant with EX-Sudan manifesting the highest yield per plant. The interaction between varieties were only significant on number of capsules/plant while between sowing method and variety was only significant on seed yield per plant. Interaction between variety and soil type showed that V1S1 (EX-Sudan and Loamy soil) had the highest influence on plant growth parameters while V2S2 (E8 and Sandy soil) had the lowest. The results indicated that drilling is the best sowing method, loamy soil is the best soil type for growing sesame while the variety EX-Sudan produced the highest seed yield and seed quality of sesame more than the E8 variety. Thus, farmers could be recommended to adopt these agronomic practices using EX-Sudan for increased sesame production in the Sudan savanna ecological zone of Nigeria.

Growth and quality characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as influenced by vermicompost and chemical fertilizers

An experiment was carried out in pot culture to assess the effect of integrated vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on soil physical and chemical attributes, sesame plant growth, seed yield, and nutrient concentrations in agricultural soil. Eleven treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications together with the control. All the vegetative growth and yield promoting attributes viz. plant height (116.20 cm), leaf number (100 plant-1), leaf area (29.34 cm2), pod no. (100 plant-1), and seed no. (64 pod-1), and 1000 seeds weight (3.82g) was highest in T10 containing 15 t ha-1 vermicompost plus 70% RDF (N21P11K14S5 kg ha-1). The control (T1) displayed minimum yield performance and quality characteristics. The total N, P, K, S, Fe, and Zn concentrations and protein content in seeds were measured highest in T10. This study revealed that combining vermicompost with inorganic fertilizer can improve sesame plant growth and seed nutrient content and is recommended for sesame production. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(1): 43-53, June 2023

Unlocking the genetic variations in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm for waterlogging tolerance

Undulating topographyand higher precipitation intensityleading towaterlogging during rainyseason adversely affects productivity of the kharif crops including sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Bundelkhand region. Limited information is available on existence of genetic variations for waterlogging tolerance in oilseed crops including sesame. In the present study, 609 germplasm accessions ofsesame were phenotyped under field conditions during kharif 2019 to identify accessions having waterlogging tolerance. Out of these 609 sesame accessions seven accessions viz., EC334449, EC334965, EC 334970, EC 334981, EC346727, IC204414 and IC96095 exhibited tolerance against waterlogging at three different growth stages (seedling stage, flower and capsule initiation stage) when natural waterlogging was allowed for 48 hours during experimentation. Identification of donors and development of waterlogging tolerant varieties is the most feasible and economically viable approach to bring desired stability in sesame production at the fields of resource poor farmers.

Identification of potential districts for technology transfer in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

India is the largest producer of sesame in the world with an area of 16.22 lakh ha and production of 6.57 lakh t and contributing to 10.5% and 11.1% ofthe Worlds' area and production, respectively. The AICRP-sesame centreshave developed location-specific improved technologies, which can enhance sesame productivity significantly, but the awareness and adoption of these technologies among farmers is very low. Hence, focused efforts are requiredto transfer the existing technologies from the AICRP system to the farmers' fields through effective and efficient technology transfer programmes. To have focussed efforts for productivity enhancement and area expansion ofsesame, state-wise most efficient sesame cropping districts were identified by estimating the Relative Spread Index (RSI) and Relative Yield Index (RYI). Frontline demonstrations conducted in selected districts in the most efficient,efficient, and moderately efficient districts indicated a huge yield gap and vast potential to improve the sesame productivity under real farm situations. The extension strategies to be followed in technology transfer in variouscategories of districts for enhancing the productivity and area expansion of sesame crop are mentioned.

Growth and instability in edible oilseeds in India: A temporal analysis

In the field crops section, oilseeds are the second most significant crop after the cereals making them a vital determinant of the agrarian economy. India is one of the leading producer nations of oilseeds globally, but domestic production of edible oil fails to match the rising demands, leading to a considerable rise in the edible oil imports over time. India imports 60 per cent of its annual edible oil requirement. The rich agro-ecological diversity of India is suitable to grow a variety of oilseeds. Once an oil-exporting nation, India has now turned to be an oil-importer country majorly due to widened demand-supply gap, with low productivity being the prime cause for the mismatch. This paper is envisioned to study the growth and instability pattern of edible oilseedsfrom1970-71 to 2017-18. Area observed a declining trend, whereas production showed little growth due to low productivity. Soybean observed the highest growth among seven edible oilseeds. Sunflower showed the highest instability index followed by safflower. Period I exhibited the highest instability, which reduced in further periods as a result of the launch of various oilseed development schemes. Yield effect was the chief contributor to the growth in production of rapeseed-mustard,groundnut, and sesame, whereas area effect boosted the production of soybean, sunflower, safflower, and niger.

Cluster-based large-scale demonstration of improved sesame production technology

Cluster-based large-scale demonstration of improved sesame production technology

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Sesame Production under Improved and Traditional/ Farmer’s Practice/ in Kafta-humera, Tigray Region, Ethiopia

This study aimed to investigate the cost-benefit of sesame production per hectare under improved and (traditional sesame production) farmer's practice. The primary data were collected from the sesame farmers who cultivate both improved and traditional sesame production (plot with improved sesame agronomic technologies on one side and farmers practice on the other side) were selected randomly from the participants of households on the cluster-based large scale demonstration of sesame production during 2019 in kafta-humera district, Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. The study found that farmers were able to generate an average gross income of Ethiopian Birr (ETB) 28997 per hectare (ha) from the improved sesame production, whereas, ETB 19215.21 per ha from their practice, respectively. The average cost of cultivation for improved sesame production was ETB 11857.89 ha and ETB 9259.63 per ha under (traditional sesame production) farmers practice. Therefore, the net profit of sesame production under improved and traditional sesame production was ETB 17139.69 and ETB 9955.58 respectively. This implied that farmers could earn an additional net income of 7184.11 per ha by practicing the recommended sesame technologies. This shows that although the net profit under the improved production system was higher than traditional/farmers practice, higher costs of production were also recorded in improved sesame production than traditional /farmers practice as farmers spend a lot of money on sesame cultivation especially weeding and harvesting. Hence, the government and private sectors should give more emphasis to introduce mechanized row planter, captivators, and combined harvester machines to reduce labor costs especially when the cost of labor is high. Moreover, the price of sesame seed was lower than the previous three-four years. Hence, agricultural economists should consider setting up a sesame price policy to help farmers to gain more profit from selling sesame.