Hours Of Service Research Articles

An Electronic Health Record-Based Automated Self-Rescheduling Tool to Improve Patient Access: Retrospective Cohort Study.

In many large health centers, patients face long appointment wait times and difficulties accessing care. Last-minute cancellations and patient no-shows leave unfilled slots in a clinician's schedule, exacerbating delays in care from poor access. The mismatch between the supply of outpatient appointments and patient demand has led health systems to adopt many tools and strategies to minimize appointment no-show rates and fill open slots left by patient cancellations. We evaluated an electronic health record (EHR)-based self-scheduling tool, Fast Pass, at a large academic medical center to understand the impacts of the tool on the ability to fill cancelled appointment slots, patient access to earlier appointments, and clinical revenue from visits that may otherwise have gone unscheduled. In this retrospective cohort study, we extracted Fast Pass appointment offers and scheduling data, including patient demographics, from the EHR between June 18, 2022, and March 9, 2023. We analyzed the outcomes of Fast Pass offers (accepted, declined, expired, and unavailable) and the outcomes of scheduled appointments resulting from accepted Fast Pass offers (completed, canceled, and no-show). We stratified outcomes based on appointment specialty. For each specialty, the patient service revenue from appointments filled by Fast Pass was calculated using the visit slots filled, the payer mix of the appointments, and the contribution margin by payer. From June 18 to March 9, 2023, there were a total of 60,660 Fast Pass offers sent to patients for 21,978 available appointments. Of these offers, 6603 (11%) were accepted across all departments, and 5399 (8.9%) visits were completed. Patients were seen a median (IQR) of 14 (4-33) days sooner for their appointments. In a multivariate logistic regression model with primary outcome Fast Pass offer acceptance, patients who were aged 65 years or older (vs 20-40 years; P=.005 odds ratio [OR] 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.96), other ethnicity (vs White; P<.001, OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77-0.91), primarily Chinese speakers (P<.001; OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.49-0.79), and other language speakers (vs English speakers; P=.001; OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.57-0.87) were less likely to accept an offer. Fast Pass added 2576 patient service hours to the clinical schedule, with a median (IQR) of 251 (216-322) hours per month. The estimated value of physician fees from these visits scheduled through 9 months of Fast Pass scheduling in professional fees at our institution was US $3 million. Self-scheduling tools that provide patients with an opportunity to schedule into cancelled or unfilled appointment slots have the potential to improve patient access and efficiently capture additional revenue from filling unfilled slots. The demographics of the patients accepting these offers suggest that such digital tools may exacerbate inequities in access.

Caregivers' understanding of childhood influenza vaccination during the epidemic in China. A mixed-methods study.

Influenza vaccination uptake among young children has been poor in China, but it is unclear how it changed during the COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the uptake status and reasons of childhood influenza vaccination during the pandemic in China. A mixed-methods study combining a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews was conducted in Anhui, Shaanxi, and Guangdong provinces between September and November 2021. 2081 caregivers completed the valid questionnaire. 38 caregivers participated in interviews, and data were analyzed thematically, using deductive and inductive coding. A total of 2081 caregivers completed the valid questionnaire, and 38 caregivers participated in interviews. Among the caregivers, a total of 1796 were in the age group for high-risk groups in the 2019-2020 flu season, and 46.10% reported that their children received influenza vaccination in the 2019-2020 flu season; 43.63% said that they vaccinated their children against influenza in the 2020-2021 flu season. Many caregivers indicated that the adoption of nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs) during COVID-19 reduced the risk of influenza infection for children. Most caregivers consider the severity of influenza to be low, and some confused the common cold with influenza. Meanwhile, some caregivers lack confidence in the vaccine's effectiveness and importance. They thought that vaccines are not effective in preventing the constantly mutating virus. Despite clear perceptions about the severity of influenza and the effectiveness of the vaccine, we found that most caregivers did not receive any relevant medical information, and the communication about vaccines between caregivers and professional information sources, such as healthcare workers, is inadequate. Hence, caregivers have no scientific evidence to back up their perceptions. In terms of access to vaccination service, caregivers reported conflicts between time of vaccination service and their schedule, and the need for vaccine prices to be reduced. Targeted interventions are needed to address caregivers' lack of risk perception on influenza during COVID-19 and promote communication between caregivers and professional information sources. Extending vaccination service hours and increasing the number of vaccine clinics close to residential areas and expansion of financing sources for self-paid vaccination could facilitate the access to influenza vaccination service.

Assessment of performance degradation of a mixed flow low bypass turbofan engine through GasTurb simulation

Abstract Aero engine performance analysis is very important for engines under development as well as for engines in service for condition monitoring. Predictions of aero engine performance and ability of building the simulation model is an invaluable asset for designers, manufacturer and end-use operator. This paper presents the methodology in establishing the baseline performance of a twin spool mixed flow low bypass turbofan engine through extensive testing at engine test bench. The baseline data is used to validate a GasTurb model which is subsequently used for assessment of off-design performance and component degradation responsible for performance deterioration at various service hours. The estimated exhaust gas temperatures by the model for degraded engines are in good agreement with the measured data. The model further assesses the drop in HP compressor efficiency and shift in operating line which will be very useful for taking judicious decision for withdrawal of engines and is expected to reduce or delay withdrawals and increase the availability of engines at operating base.

Evaluating the prerequisites for adapting a paediatric nighttime telemedicine and medication delivery service to a setting with high malarial burden: A cross-sectional pre-implementation study.

We sought to evaluate the prerequisites (demand, interest, feasibility) for adapting a paediatric nighttime telemedicine and medication delivery service (TMDS) to Ghana. A cross-sectional survey of households and associated healthcare providers was conducted in urban and rural Ghana. Households were identified through randomised geospatial sampling; households with at least one child <10 years were enrolled. Household surveys collected information relating to demographics, household resources, standardised case scenarios, recent paediatric health events, satisfaction with healthcare access, and interest in TMDS intervention models. Providers were identified by households and enrolled. Provider surveys collected provider type, hours of operation, services, and opinions of a TMDS model. A total of 511 (263 urban, 248 rural) households and 18 providers (10 urban, 8 rural) were surveyed. A total of 262 health events involving children <10 years were reported, of which 47% occurred at night. Care was sought for >70% of health events presenting at night; however, care-seeking was delayed until morning or later for >75% of these events; 54% of households expressed dissatisfaction with their current access to paediatric care at night; 99% of households expressed that a nighttime TMDS service for children would be directly useful to their families. Correspondingly, 17 of 18 providers stated that a TMDS was needed in their community; >99% of households had access to a cellular phone. All households expressed willingness to use their phones to call a TMDS and allow a TMDS provider into their homes at night. Willingness to pay and provider-recommended price points varied by setting. Prerequisites for adapting a TMDS to Ghana were met. A nighttime paediatric TMDS service was found to be needed, appealing, and feasible in Ghana. These data motivate the adaptation of a TMDS to urban and rural Ghana.

State of Aging Classification of Modified-HP Steel Tubes by Eddy Current Test Applying Machine Learning

In the petrochemical industry, steam reforming furnaces play a crucial role in large-scale hydrogen production. These furnaces are equipped with centrifugal cast HP-modified austenitic stainless-steel tubes, which are exposed to temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000ºC for extended periods. As a result, the wall temperature profile of these tubes exhibits a vertical gradient of distinct aging states, labelled as state I to VI in the literature, each characterized by specific microstructures. Given that the reformer tubes are expensive components of the furnace assembly, it is imperative to monitor their service life. Non-destructive testing is a vital tool for evaluating the structural integrity of industrial components. Hence, the objective of this study is to establish a real-time classification system for determining the aging states of HP-modified stainless-steel tubes using a non-destructive magnetic system and the machine learning technique Support Vector Machine (SVM). Two tubes, each measuring 12.6 meters in length, were removed from the same steam reforming furnace after 160,000 hours of service. The inspection was conducted using an eddy current hybrid probe adapted to an inspection vehicle, allowing for real-time data acquisition. The results demonstrated that the developed classification system was capable of accurately identifying the different aging states present along the studied tubes.

Poor access to health services for depression treatment in Brazil.

To analyze the factors associated with poor access to health services for the depression treatment in Brazil. This study used data from the Brazilian National Survey of Health, conducted in the years 2019 and 2020. The sample consisted of 8,332 individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of depression, and poor access to healthcare was identified from the question "what is the main reason for you to not visit the physician/health service regularly for your depression?" From which poor access was identified by the affirmative answer reporting distance of health services or difficulties with transportation; waiting time at the health service; financial difficulties; opening hours of the health service; Not being able to schedule a consultation via health insurance; does not know who to look for or where to go, among others. Sociodemographic aspects and health conditions were analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson Regression. The prevalence of poor access to health services for depression treatment was 14.9% (95%CI: 13.6-16.2), relating to individuals aged 15-29 years (PR = 1.52) and 30-59 years old (PR = 1.22), without education (PR = 1.43), who rate their health as regular/poor/very poor (PR = 1.26), who have some limitation in their usual activities (PR = 2.71), who had the last consultation within 6 months of less than 2 years (PR = 2.63) and for more than 2 years (PR = 2.25) and who do not undergo psychotherapy (PR = 4.28). Poor access to health services for depression treatment was associated with individual factors and health conditions.

Endurance Strength and Residual Life Assessment of T23 Steel after 96000 Hours of High Temperature and High Pressure Service

The macroscopic morphology, oxide layer characteristics, rupture strength and residual life of T23 steel after 96000 hours of service at high temperature and high pressure were analyzed. The results show that T23 steel pipe has good macroscopic appearance, without obvious abnormal features such as cracks, folds, rolling breaks, double skin, scabs, delaminations and sharp scratches. The chemical composition of different pipe sections conforms to the standard, and the structure is mainly bainite, with uniform distribution and no obvious coarse phase. There is an obvious interface between the metal substrate and the internal oxide layer, and there is an obvious wavy line at the interface. The oxide layer is relatively dense and continuous. The tensile properties at room temperature and high temperature are good. At room temperature, the yield strength exceeds 420MPa, the tensile strength exceeds 540MPa, and the elongation exceeds 19%. After 96000 hours of use, the remaining creep life of T23 split platen superheater submitted for inspection is 84000 hours, and the remaining creep life of T23 rear platen superheater submitted for inspection is 40000 hours.

Assessing passenger preferences for Bus Rapid Transit characteristics: A discrete choice experiment among current and potential Dutch passengers

To gain ridership, bus services need to offer more than just high frequencies. An attractive system design for Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a result of various configurational choices concerning infrastructure, rolling stock and operations. To find out which configurations are preferred by potential and current passengers, a Discrete Choice Experiment was carried out in The Netherlands. For this study, eight BRT characteristics were included. Results (n = 1019) show that four characteristics are valued the most: frequency, service hours, reliability and stop spacing. The attractiveness of three different service formulas or configurations is evaluated. The more conventional bus configuration is preferred by the majority of the respondents. However, a considerable amount (25%) of respondents that prefer this configuration does not consider using this service formula. Configurations that either address offering more passenger comfort or higher capacity, do seem to be attractive to distinct passenger segments who are more likely to actually use the service. These appealing BRT configurations address different types of passenger segments and therefore could coexist on certain routes.

Order scheduling optimization in manufacturing enterprises based on MDP and dynamic programming

In the era of Industry 4.0, order scheduling is a crucial link in the production of manufacturing enterprises. In view of order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises, a finite horizon Markov decision process model is proposed in this work based on two sets of equipment and three types of orders with different production lead times to maximize the revenue in manufacturing production systems. Then, the dynamic programming model is incorporated into the optimal order scheduling strategy. Python is employed to simulate the order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises. Based on survey data, the superiority of the proposed model compared to traditional first come, first served order scheduling is verified by experimental cases. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted on the longest service hours of the devices and the order completion rate to explore the applicability of the proposed order scheduling strategy.

Nursing Hourly Rounds Increase Patient Satisfaction : Literature Review

The quality of hospital services depends on the quality of nursing care provided to patients, Nurses are a large fleet in hospitals both in terms of number and hours of service because nurses are 24 hours with patients. Patient satisfaction is an indicator of the quality of care that has been provided to patients, which until now has become the focus of attention for every health service to further enhance the role and function of nurses in improving the quality of care. The aim is to identify the effect of the implementation of Nursing Rounds on patient satisfaction—systematic review using electronic databases identified from Pubmed, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar. Search using keywords, namely nurse, Nursing rounds, hourly rounds and patient satisfaction. The search results contained seven articles that were filtered from 2017-2021 which showed that Nursing rounds could increase patient satisfaction, improve patient safety, and prevent extravasation of infusion fluids. Nursing rounds can also be done together with other professions. Nursing Rounds activities carried out by nurses in a measured and planned manner can increase patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is greatly influenced by the role of nurses in carrying out nursing rounds for patients.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation (TIPS) in the angio-CT—a hybrid intervention with image fusion

ObjectiveFor transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation, ultrasound guidance for portal vein puncture is strongly recommended. However, outside regular hours of service, a skilled sonographer might be lacking. Hybrid intervention suites combine CT imaging with conventional angiography allowing to project 3D information into the conventional 2D imaging and further CT-fluoroscopic puncture of the portal vein. The purpose of this study was to assess whether TIPS using angio-CT facilitates the procedure for a single interventional radiologist.MethodsAll TIPS procedures from 2021 and 2022 which took place outside regular working hours were included (n = 20). Ten TIPS procedures were performed with just fluoroscopy guidance and ten procedures using angio-CT. For the angio-CT TIPS, a contrast-enhanced CT was performed on the angiography table. From the CT, a 3D volume was created using virtual rendering technique (VRT). The VRT was blended with the conventional angiography image onto the live monitor and used as guidance for the TIPS needle. Fluoroscopy time, area dose product, and interventional time were assessed.ResultsHybrid intervention with angio-CT did lead to a significantly shorter fluoroscopy time and interventional time (p = 0.034 for both). Mean radiation exposure was significantly reduced, too (p = 0.04). Furthermore, the mortality rate was lower in patients who underwent the hybrid TIPS (0% vs 33%).ConclusionTIPS procedure in angio-CT performed by only one interventional radiologist is quicker and reduces radiation exposure for the interventionalist compared to mere fluoroscopy guidance. The results further indicate increased safety using angio-CT.Clinical relevance statementThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using angio-CT in TIPS procedures during non-standard working hours. Results indicated that the use of angio-CT significantly reduced fluoroscopy time, interventional time, and radiation exposure, while also leading to improved patient outcomes.Key Points• Image guiding such as ultrasound is recommended for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation but might be not available for emergency cases outside of regular working hours.• Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using an angio-CT with image fusion is feasible for only one physician under emergency settings and results in lower radiation exposure and faster procedures.• Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using an angio-CT with image fusion seems to be safer than using mere fluoroscopy guidance.

Relationship Between Residents’ Physiological Stress and Faculty Leadership Skills in a Department of Surgery

Leadership skills of team leaders can impact the functioning of their teams. It is unknown whether attending surgeons' leadership skills impact residents' physiological stress. This study sought to (1) assess the relationship between attending surgeons' leadership skills and residents' physiological stress and (2) to characterize lifestyle behaviors associated with resident physiological stress. We hypothesized that strong attending leadership skills would be associated with low resident physiological stress. This prospective observational cohort study was conducted at a single urban, academic medical center in the US, over 12 months. Residents were enrolled during their rotation of 1 to 2 months on the Trauma and ICU services. The primary predictor was the attending surgeons' leadership skills that were measured using a weekly survey filled out by residents, using the Surgeons' Leadership Inventory (SLI). The SLI uses a 4-point Likert scale to measure surgeons' leadership skills across eight domains. The primary outcome was residents' physiological stress, which was measured by their Heart Rate Variability (HRV). We recorded the residents' HRV with a WHOOP strap that was continuously worn on the wrist or the bicep. We used multivariate repeated measures gamma regression to assess the relationship between attending leadership skills and residents' physiological stress, adjusting for hours of sleep, age, and service. Sixteen residents were enrolled over 12 months. The median attending surgeons' leadership score was 3.8 (IQR: 3.2-4.0). The median residents' percent of maximal HRV was 70.8% (IQR: 56.7-83.7). Repeated measure gamma regression model demonstrated a minimal nonsignificant increase of 1.6 % (95% CI: -5.6, 8.9; p-value = 0.65) in the percent of maximal HRV (less resident physiological stress) for every unit increase in leadership score. There was an increase of 2.9% (95% CI= 1.6, 4.2; p-value < 0.001) in the percent of maximal HRV per hour increase in sleep and a significant decrease of 10.9% (95% CI= -16.8, -5.2; < 0.001) in the percent of HRV when working in the ICU compared to the Trauma service. This study revealed that more residents' sleep was associated with lower physiological stress. Attending surgeons' leadership skills were not associated with residents' physiological stress.

Same crime, same time? Differences in visual maturity affect opinions of adolescent culpability

AbstractEarly pubertal maturation is associated with earlier contact with the juvenile justice system. In two studies (Total N = 782), we examined whether youth presumed to have committed a crime and who appear physically older than their chronological age were held to different standards of legal responsibility while accounting for race and sex. Participants read a vignette detailing situations in which a crime was committed and decided whether to call the police (Study 1) or make sentencing recommendations (Study 2). Participants were more likely to call the police on youth who appeared more physically developed and on boys. Less visibly mature youth and girls were assigned behavioral explanations that deemphasized agency. White youth were sentenced to more hours of community service than Black youth. We discuss potential implications of these findings in real‐world contexts such as police decision‐making.

IMPLEMENTATION OF RISK MITIGATION IN FREIGHT FORWARDING SERVICE COMPANY

Introduction/Main objectives: This research was conducted with the aim of being able to identify the risk factors that arise in the delivery of goods, determine a good and effective strategy to deal with the risks and impacts that arise in the delivery of goods and make risk management that is right on target with the house of risk (HoR) method to solve problems from goods delivery activities. Indonesia is one of almost countries affected by Covid-19, as a result of this there is a change in the trend of public spending where 90% of their daily needs are met through online shopping. As a result of this trend change, many logistics companies have experienced an increase in demand for goods delivery services, but it is undeniable that this is directly proportional to the problems that arise and the new risks faced by these logistics companies, such as J&amp;T Express. Therefore, researchers conduct study in order to reduce the impact of the risks. Research methods: The sample was taken at a freight forwarding company in Yogyakarta, namely J&amp;T Express. Finding/Results: The findings of this study obtained that there are 21 Risk Events identified with 21 Risk Agents, from the results of risk agents and risk events identified 3 priority risk agents for preventive action, namely (A1) or the impact of Covid-19, the ‘PSBB’, service hours public/office, travel/delivery area restrictions by the community, goods sent not on schedule. (A3) or the recipient's address is wrong, the recipient of the package does not want to pay the bill, the package is damaged, natural disaster and (A11) or the time the package is received by the customer exceeds his estimate (the package was received late). Conclusion: The selected risk agents have been determined based on the application of the Pareto diagram are further analyzed using the House of Risk table phase 2, and obtained 7 mitigation actions or preventive actions (PA). Based on 7 precautions (PA) obtained the highest priority for strategic planning is (PA2) or making reference to the schedule for distributing goods that are adjusted to the new Covid-19 norms with an ETD value of 2472.8 and the lowest strategic planning priority, namely (P4) or refreshment related to product knowlage, SOPs, package handling information with an ETD value amounted to 532

Conceptualizing Community Mental Health Service Utilization for BIPOC Youth

ABSTRACT Historically, children and adolescents who identify as Black, Indigenous, and other people of Color (BIPOC) have had inequitable access to mental healthcare, and research shows that they are significantly less likely than their white American counterparts to utilize available services. Research identifies barriers that disproportionately impact racially minoritized youth; however, a need remains to examine and change systems and processes that create and maintain racial inequities in mental health service utilization. The current manuscript critically reviews the literature and provides an ecologically based conceptual model synthesizing previous literature relating to BIPOC youth barriers for service utilization. The review emphasizes client (e.g. stigma, system mistrust, childcare needs, help seeking attitudes), provider (e.g. implicit bias, cultural humility, clinician efficacy), structural/organizational (clinic location/proximity to public transportation, hours of operation, wraparound services, accepting Medicaid and other insurance-related issues), and community (e.g. improving experiences in education, the juvenile criminal-legal system, medical, and social service systems) factors that serve as barriers and facilitators contributing to disparities in community mental health service utilization for BIPOC youth. Importantly, we conclude with suggestions for dismantling inequitable systems, increasing accessibility, availability, appropriateness, and acceptability of services, and ultimately reducing disparities in efficacious mental health service utilization for BIPOC youth.

Smart system for controlling and monitoring electronic facilities in budget hotel rooms

The fundamental attribute of a budget hotel is the provision of essential services at a low cost due to reduced services and facilities. Several services at budget hotels that affect customer choice are related to limitation of accommodation and entertainment services which include the use of television, air conditioning, and other electrical devices. The purpose of this research is to develop a smart system that is used to control and monitor electronic facilities in budget hotel rooms. This system provides budget hotels with the ability to select the electronic facilities that guests want to use in their rooms according to their needs and budget. This system also provides a feature to monitor the use of electronic devices in each room via a web application. The system was developed by using microcontrollers, sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, a database server, and a web application. The developed system can perfectly provide the room electronic facilities requested by the guest. The system can also monitor the service hour and power consumed by the devices with an accuracy of 99.1% for the service hour and 99.4% for the power consumed.

Micro characteristics and macro performance of HR3C/T92 steel joints after 100000 hours service at high temperature

In this study, HR3C/T92 dissimilar steel joint samples were taken from ultra-supercritical 1000 MW units of domestic power plants, and the microstructures, tensile property, hardness, and antioxidant performance as well as safety assessment of the welded joints were studied using OMR, SEM, UTM, and other equipment. The results reflected that the micromorphology characteristics and hardness of HR3C/T92 dissimilar steel joints are unaffected after 100000 hours of service. Nevertheless, tensile and impact tests revealed that the joints are prone to brittle fracture. Tensile fracture occurred on the weld fusion line of T92 steel, and the impact absorption energy was lower than the standard requirements. HR3C steel exhibited superior oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Moreover, there was no observable oxide layer on the inner wall of the pipe, and the outermost layer of the outer wall had an intact structure. The inner wall of the T92 steel pipe had a 300-μm-thick oxide layer comprising Fe2O3 and (Fe, Cr) oxides. The extrapolated performance of the dissimilar steel joint samples after operation for 200000 hours at high temperatures also met the service requirements.

Application of the birthrate plus (BR+) methodology to identify midwifery workforce shortages in China: a retrospective multisite study

Abstract Objective: The goal of this study is to apply Birthrate Plus (BR+) methodology in Chinese midwifery settings to assess the midwifery workforce status and to calculate the potential demand for more midwives. Methods: This was a retrospective multisite study using 12,443 maternal medical records from 49 midwifery settings in Zhejiang Province, China. Data needed in the BR+, including the types of childbearing women and the number of midwifery service hours, were extracted and then calculated to assess the estimated demand and shortage of midwives. Results: The study included 599 midwives across 49 settings, with a range of 1–35 full-time equivalent midwives per setting, totaling 465 full-time equivalent midwives. Using BR+ methodology, the analysis revealed a shortage of midwives in 61.2% of the surveyed settings and a surplus in 22.4%. The shortage varied significantly across different levels of settings (H=6.505, P&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Overall, the midwifery services provided were significantly insufficient in the surveyed regions, and workforce allocation was unbalanced among different areas.

Peran Bantuan Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Tidak Mampu Oleh Pos Bantuan Hukum (Posbakum) Di Pengadilan Agama Bantul

The existence of Posbakum (Legal Aid Post) as one of legal aid services in Religious Court Bantul that has helped the community more particularly for the underprivileged community in the trial process by referring to PERMA No.1 /2014 on “the guidelines in giving the legal services for the underprivileged community”. However, whether the service of Posbakum has really applied PERMA in accordance to its enforceability such as giving service in making legal documents, legal advices, consultation, and information and the provision of socialization related to law firm is still questioning. This is a field research using the empirical juridical study approach. Based on the results, it was found that the position of Posbakum in PERMA No. 1/2014 was well enforced. The Religious Court bantul legal aid post as a provider of free legal services, such as providing information, consulting or legal advice, assisting in the preparation of required legal documents. Because people who arrive at Posbakum get free legal services, both from consultations to making the required legal documents. During the Covid-19 pandemic, Posbakum continue to provide services online or offline with implementing health protocols, namely: Implementing physical distancing, Obligation to wear a mask, Urge to wash hands, Installing a transparent hijab, Limiting service hours. So that judicial process and services to justice seekers can still run according to the procedure.

Public Services Based on Health Protocols During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Bontang Lestari Village

Public service providers must react to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many government regulations to prevent this virus's spread affect service providers' public service standards. Improving public service standards will help stop this infection. Researchers in Bontang Lestari Village, hit by the COVID-19 epidemic, observed issues, including limited service hours, unprepared health protocol facilities, and uneven health protocol socialization. Then the research question is how public services based on health protocols are implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bontang Lestari Village and what are the obstacles. This study examines public service health procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bontang Lestari Village and the challenges they faced. This study used qualitative research. According to the research, the health protocol for using masks has not been optimally implemented because residents/employees still take off their masks when chatting/conducting services, the health protocol for washing hands has gone well and in accordance with the rules applied, and the health protocol for maintaining distance between residents has been set at 1 meter. Residents and staff' ignorance of health protocols hinders the public service process based on them. Thus, the chance of getting COVID-19 is rising, and residents have less time to take care of their requirements, making services seem substandar.