Service Choreography Research Articles

Smart Agriculture system based on IoT reference architecture and service choreography

This paper presents a monitoring, control, and management system that allows the interoperability of multiple smart gateways in a greenhouse to bolster automatic decision making on water supplied to the crops in real-time. The system consists of several sensor nodes interconnected by Zigbee to measure ambient and soil parameters to control the greenhouse irrigation process. In addition, a web service is included to help the system manager to visualize and operate the greenhouse on a web platform. The system also supports human decision making to cope with undesirable and unexpected environmental events. Smart gateways enable data reading, storage and edge computing using automatic rules to manage actions in the greenhouse, as well as data transmission for centralized processing in cloud services. The service communication system layer is supported by choreography middleware for messaging distribution, which enables agile scalability. This research proposes a hybrid scheme and compares to a centralized scheme. The latency times in the choreography system were analyzed to find a suitable solution adapted to infrastructure deployment features. Numerical results shows that such an adaptive deployment of the irrigation services among edge and fog layers can reduce the computational load on the gateways, improve system response times, and enhance device performance.

Data Trusted Sharing Delivery: A Blockchain-Assisted Software-Defined Content Delivery Network

The 6G wireless network aims to forge new spectrum, high technical standards of high time and phase synchronization accuracy, and 100% geographic coverage to connect trillions of devices flexibly and efficiently in the future. However, as connectivity increases and applications become novel, it is a challenge to ensure the privacy and security of networks and applications. Blockchain is seen as a promising technology that can improve efficiency, reduce costs, mitigate security and privacy threats, and establish a trusted data-sharing environment. This paper presents a trusted framework based on block chain technology from the perspective of how to build a trusted software-defined content delivery network. As the peer node of blockchain, SDN (Software Defined Network) controller establishes trust between different regions and a wide range of participants, realizing peer autonomy and flexible business orchestration. The two main purposes of the architecture are to enhance the security of network communications and establish trust relationships between entities in different domains. It includes trusted communication based on routing sandbox, service choreography based on block chain, proxy server selection strategy based on MPC (model predictive control) and optimization consensus based on PBFT. Some simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the theoretical method.

Distributed Service Choreography Framework for Interoperability Among Prosumers and Electric Power System

Distributed Service Choreography Framework for Interoperability Among Prosumers and Electric Power System

Innovation and Development of Small and Medium-sized Traditional Banking Industry Based on Service Choreography Technology

In the financial services, under the tide of digital and traditional part of the small and medium-sized commercial Banks due to staff shortages, backward organization management system, such as weak information processing ability problem have to flinch, but transformation is the only way to the bank, so the small and medium-sized Banks is an urgent need to use the appropriate financial technology to complete the core business is the transformation of deposits, bank of distributed systems. The vigorous development of innovative technologies such as agency and service choreography can provide new solutions for traditional small and medium-sized banks.

Dynamic Collaboration Model of Production Network Based on Cloud Service Bus

The IT system of manufacturing enterprises usually has many problems, such as complex industrial software, different development languages, diverse communication protocols, and complex operation environment. Cloud service bus (CSB) technology based on service model encapsulates various applications existing in enterprises by means of the integration of cloud service bus and micro services, which can realize the rapid cloud migration and deployment of heterogeneous industrial application software. Theoretically, after the production system is connected to CSB, it can be arranged arbitrarily by service choreography technology to produce any possible products. However, in the context of industrial Internet, the production system connected to CSB corresponds to the equipment, materials, personnel, and other resources on the production line one by one. These production nodes need to consider the production capacity and cost of production service nodes and the output value of the whole production network, and cannot be combined arbitrarily. Therefore, when integrating production service nodes, we should not only consider the technical integration, but also consider whether the production conditions support this integration. To solve the problem of production node integration in CSB, a dynamic collaboration model of production network based on cloud service bus is proposed in this paper. The model takes the capacity, cost, and production relationship of production nodes as constraints, and the overall efficiency of production network as the optimization goal. The model can calculate the new creation, modification, deletion, and other scheduling operations of production line services in real time and give the production plan with the highest resource utilization and the greatest value in the current production network. The model can improve the rationality and economy of service choreography and give full play to the value of production network. Taking an enterprise with 11 production nodes and 5 production lines as an example, this paper discusses in detail how to use this model to calculate the optimal production organization scheme and the maximum output value of the enterprise.

Collaboration of Cloud Manufacturing Service Based on Service Choreography

Collaboration of Cloud Manufacturing Service Based on Service Choreography

A Semantic Model Of Web Service Choreography With Space Based QoS

A Semantic Model Of Web Service Choreography With Space Based QoS

A Framework for the Attack Tolerance of Cloud Applications Based on Web Services

Information systems of companies and organizations are increasingly designed using web services that allow different applications written in different programming languages to communicate. These systems or some parts of them are often outsourced on the cloud, first to leverage the benefits of cloud platforms (e.g., scalability) and also to reduce operational costs of companies as well. However, web services as well as cloud platforms may be the target of attacks that alter their security, and the security of web services is not completely addressed. The solutions proposed in the literature are sometimes specific to certain types of attacks and they cannot ensure the attack tolerance of web services. Attack tolerance can be defined as the capability of a system to function properly with minimal degradation of performance, even if the presence of an attack is detected. As such, we claim that, to achieve attack tolerance, one should detect attacks by a continuous monitoring and mitigate the effects of these attacks by reliable reaction mechanisms. For this aim, an attack tolerance framework is proposed in this paper. This framework includes the risks analysis of attacks and is based on diversification and software reflection techniques. We applied this framework to cloud applications that are based on web services. After describing the core foundation of this approach, we express such cloud applications as choreographies of web services according to their distributed nature. The framework has been validated through an electronic voting system. The results of these experiments show the capability of the framework to ensure the required attack tolerance of cloud applications.

A metrics framework for a WS-CDL process under evolution

Choreography of different web services in Service Oriented Architecture is expressed using Web Service Choreography Description Language (WS-CDL). A WS-CDL process consists of interactions and roles for participants. It evolves over time due to different types of changes in the participants, roles and interactions. In this paper, metrics are proposed under two categories. Metrics under first category deals with syntactic evolution in which changes in structure of the process are quantized whereas metric under second category deals with semantic evolution to measure change in usefulness of the process. There are three metrics under first category: Additive Evolution Metric (AEM), Subtractive Evolution metric (SEM) and Evolution Metric (EM). AEM is a measure for the changes in process entities, which are additive in nature such as additions or splits. SEM measure changes which are subtractive in nature such as deletions or merge. EM which is sum total of AEM and SEM is also proposed. The metric proposed under second category is Evolved Usefulness Metric (EUM). It gives a measure for the change in usefulness of the process when it evolves. Proposed metrics helps in analyzing the evolution in process and change in usefulness of the process as it evolves. Metrics are theoretically validated using Zuse framework and found to be above the ordinal scale. To show the applicability of metrics, they are empirically validated using case study of WS-CDL process.

CHOReVOLUTION: Service choreography in practice

• CHOReVOLUTION is a platform for the tool-assisted realization of distributed systems. • CHOReVOLUTION targets service choreographies oriented applications. • CHOReVOLUTION offers a wizard-aided front-end for choreography specification. • CHOReVOLUTION provides REST services for the automatic generation of the artefacts. • CHOReVOLUTION defines a back-end for system deployment and execution. This paper presents CHOReVOLUTION, a platform for the tool-assisted realization and execution of distributed applications. CHOReVOLUTION specifically targets service-oriented systems specified through service choreographies. It offers an Integrated Development and Runtime Environment (IDRE) organized into three layers, namely, front-end, back-end, and cloud. It comprises a wizard-aided development environment and a system monitoring console in the front-end layer, and a back-end for managing the deployment and execution of the choreographed system on the cloud. We describe the IDRE by using an industrial use case in the domain of Smart Mobility & Tourism, and finally we provide details on its experimental evaluation.

A Formal Method for Service Choreography Verification based on Description Logic

A Formal Method for Service Choreography Verification based on Description Logic

Deadlock prevention for service orchestration via controlled Petri nets

In multi-party Web service composition, the non-local choice mismatch is one of the most important problems. To solve it, the reachability graph-based method is widely adopted to check deadlock-freeness by generating adaptors. However, this method is inefficient due to the neglect of future deadlock states and requirements of many possible interactions. This work proposes an abnormity prevention strategy and an optimal controller for service collaboration. To overcome drawbacks of previous studies, this work describes service choreography by using service workflow nets. Moreover, this work formulates a novel reachability graph by combining structures and reachability analysis. To present abnormity, a maximally permissive state feedback control policy is then proposed. Furthermore, to avoid deadlocks in service orchestration, this work constructs an optimal controller for administrators of service composition. Finally, experiments demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method via a realistic example.

A Rehearsal Framework and Goal Driven Method for Web Service Choreography Validation

In this paper, we indented to propose an altered approach for testing a given web service choreography and orchestration. The proposed technique is the joint execution of the goal driven method and the rehearsal framework for testing of web service choreographies and orchestration. In the proposed technique, at first, the requirement is considered as the base of choreography model validation to beat the previously mentioned issues. Here, the goal modeling technique is used to extract the requirements of the target process. At that point, for every requirement every single conceivable scenario is portrayed. These situations are modeled utilizing savara tool. The Choreography model is built by utilizing the BPMN 2.0 standard. In the following stage the choreography procedure is validated utilizing rehearsal framework. This system has a place with examining lines identified with verification and validation (V&V) of choreographies. The experimental result showed that, the proposed method accurately validates the choreography model when compared with the existing web service choreography validation techniques.

The Flowbster Cloud-Oriented Workflow System to Process Large Scientific Data Sets

The paper describes a new cloud-oriented workflow system called Flowbster. It was designed to create efficient data pipelines in clouds by which large compute-intensive data sets can efficiently be processed. The Flowbster workflow can be deployed in the target cloud as a virtual infrastructure through which the data to be processed can flow and meanwhile it flows through the workflow it is transformed as the business logic of the workflow defines it. Instead of using the enactor based workflow concept Flowbster applies the service choreography concept where the workflow nodes directly communicate with each other. Workflow nodes are able to recognize if they can be activated with a certain data set without the interaction of central control service like the enactor in service orchestration workflows. As a result Flowbster workflows implement a much more efficient data path through the workflow than service orchestration workflows. A Flowbster workflow works as a data pipeline enabling the exploitation of pipeline parallelism, workflow parallel branch parallelism and node scalability parallelism. The Flowbster workflow can be deployed in the target cloud on-demand based on the underlying Occopus cloud deployment and orchestrator tool. Occopus guarantees that the workflow can be deployed in several major types of IaaS clouds (OpenStack, OpenNebula, Amazon, CloudSigma). It takes care of not only deploying the nodes of the workflow but also to maintain their health by using various health-checking options. Flowbster also provides an intuitive graphical user interface for end-user scientists. This interface hides the low level cloud-oriented layers and hence users can concentrate on the business logic of their data processing applications without having detailed knowledge on the underlying cloud infrastructure.

Every Second Counts: Integrating Edge Computing and Service Oriented Architecture for Automatic Emergency Management

Emergency management has long been recognized as a social challenge due to the criticality of the response time. In emergency situations such as severe traffic accidents, minimizing the response time, which requires close collaborations between all stakeholders involved and distributed intelligence support, leads to greater survival chance of the injured. However, the current response system is far from efficient, despite the rapid development of information and communication technologies. This paper presents an automated collaboration framework for emergency management that coordinates all stakeholders within the emergency response system and fully automates the rescue process. Applying the concept of multiaccess edge computing architecture, as well as choreography of the service oriented architecture, the system allows seamless coordination between multiple organizations in a distributed way through standard web services. A service choreography is designed to globally model the emergency management process from the time an accident occurs until the rescue is finished. The choreography can be synthesized to generate detailed specification on peer-to-peer interaction logic, and then the specification can be enacted and deployed on cloud infrastructures.

An Improved Abstract State Machine Based Choreography Specification and Execution Algorithm for Semantic Web Services

We identify significant weaknesses in the original Abstract State Machine (ASM) based choreography algorithm of Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO), which make it impractical for use in semantic web service choreography engines. We present an improved algorithm which rectifies the weaknesses of the original algorithm, as well as a practical, fully functional choreography engine implementation in Flora-2 based on the improved algorithm. Our improvements to the choreography algorithm include (i) the linking of the initial state of the ASM to the precondition of the goal, (ii) the introduction of the concept of a final state in the execution of the ASM and its linking to the postcondition of the goal, and (iii) modification to the execution of the ASM so that it stops when the final state condition is satisfied by the current configuration of the machine. Our choreography engine takes as input semantic web service specifications written in the Flora-2 dialect of F-logic. Furthermore, we prove the equivalence of ASMs (evolving algebras) and evolving ontologies in the sense that one can simulate the other, a first in literature. Finally, we present a visual editor which facilitates the design and deployment of our F-logic based web service and goal specifications.

Chatting Roles: A Pragmatic Service Resolution Infrastructure for Service Choreography based on Publish/Subscribe

In the following a minimalistic approach for process interoperability, consisting of a topic-based Publish/Subscribe system is presented. It combines an infrastructure and a method guiding the implementation of a basic Service Resolution Infrastructure (SRI) for Service Choreography and Service Interoperability. This SRI can be used to realize resilient collaboration tasks in Industry 4.0 (I4) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) settings without central coordination.

Integration of Distributed Services and Hybrid Models Based on Process Choreography to Predict and Detect Type 2 Diabetes.

Life expectancy is increasing and, so, the years that patients have to live with chronic diseases and co-morbidities. Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, specifically linked to being overweight and ages over sixty. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of new strategies to delay and even prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes by a combination of active and healthy lifestyle on cohorts of mid to high risk subjects. Prospective research has been driven on large groups of the population to build risk scores that aim to obtain a rule for the classification of patients according to the odds for developing the disease. Currently, there are more than two hundred models and risk scores for doing this, but a few have been properly evaluated in external groups and integrated into a clinical application for decision support. In this paper, we present a novel system architecture based on service choreography and hybrid modeling, which enables a distributed integration of clinical databases, statistical and mathematical engines and web interfaces to be deployed in a clinical setting. The system was assessed during an eight-week continuous period with eight endocrinologists of a hospital who evaluated up to 8080 patients with seven different type 2 diabetes risk models implemented in two mathematical engines. Throughput was assessed as a matter of technical key performance indicators, confirming the reliability and efficiency of the proposed architecture to integrate hybrid artificial intelligence tools into daily clinical routine to identify high risk subjects.

Modeling and execution of data-aware choreographies: an overview

Due to recent advances in data science and Big Data the importance of data is increasing. Although service choreographies provide means to specify complex conversations between multiple interacting parties from a global perspective and in a technology-agnostic manner, they do not fully reflect the paradigm shift towards data-awareness at the moment. In this paper, we discuss current shortcomings such as missing support for data flow across services and a choreography data contract all interacting parties agree on. This results in more complex and rigid choreography models, making them also less flexible regarding their data perspective during run time. The main contribution is our approach for modeling and execution of data-aware service choreographies towards increasing the level of data awareness in choreographies.

Web Service Composition: A Survey on the Various Methods used for Web Service Composition

This paper is a survey about the constantly evolving web services, their composition methods and the various problems and challenges that they faced. The paper aims to provide an overview of numerous Web Service technologies like WSDL, UDDI, SOAP etc. The paper also provides insights about composition/processes like WS-CDL (Web Services Choreography Description Language), BPEL etc. The intention of this survey is to help the reader to understand about the different problems that were faced by the different composition methods while also providing information regarding the various aspects of Web Services. Keywords: Web Services, SOA, WSDL, BPEL4WS, Web Service Composition, Orchestration, RESTful services, Composition Methods.