Serum Visfatin Levels Research Articles

The value of serum visfatin in predicting in-stent restenosis of drug-eluting stents

ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the association between serum visfatin level and in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug-eluting stents (DES). MethodsA total of 460 patients with stable coronary heart disease who underwent DES placement were included. According to the results of coronary angiography 1year after PCI, 62 patients diagnosed as ISR were enrolled into the ISR group and 398 patients without ISR were recruited into the control group. Baseline clinical data were collected, and serum visfatin level was measured using ELISA method. ResultsThe serum visfatin levels before PCI were not different between ISR and control groups (P=0.41). However, visfatin level after PCI in the ISR group was significantly higher than in the control group [(30.2±8.6) ng/ml vs. (22.6±7.9) ng/ml, P<0.01]. In multivariate logistic regression, the independent predictors for ISR included post-procedural visfatin level (odds ratio [OR]: 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–3.65), type 2 diabetes (OR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.10–4.79), reference vessel diameter (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.98), stent length (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.05–2.21) and stent diameter (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.51–0.88). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve for post-procedural visfatin in predicting ISR was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77–0.86), with the optimal cut-off value of 25.9ng/ml showing a sensitivity of 84.0% and a specificity of 69.3%. ConclusionIncreased serum visfatin level after DES placement is independently associated with ISR. Serum visfatin may be useful in the prediction of ISR.

Serum visfatin levels in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and matched controls.

ObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to compare the circulating levels of visfatin between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and those without PCOS and to assess the correlations between visfatin levels and various parameters.MethodsThis case-control study recruited 74 PCOS patients and 74 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Serum visfatin levels were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with PCOS were divided into 2 subgroups based on the presence of clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism. The possible differences in serum visfatin levels between the hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic groups were also assessed.ResultsVisfatin levels in PCOS patients were similar to those in the controls. However, hyperandrogenic patients had significantly higher mean serum visfatin levels than those in non-hyperandrogenic patients (3.87 ng/mL; 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 3.09–4.85 in hyperandrogenic group vs. 2.69 ng/mL; 95% CIs, 2.06–3.52 in non-hyperandrogenic group; P=0.038). In women with PCOS, visfatin levels positively correlated with BMI (r=0.23; P=0.047) and the log free androgen index (FAI) (r=0.27; P=0.021) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (r=−0.37; P=0.025). Except for HDL cholesterol levels, these correlations were also observed in controls.ConclusionVisfatin levels in PCOS patients were similar to those in the controls. However, hyperandrogenic patients showed significantly higher serum visfatin levels than those of non-hyperandrogenic patients, and visfatin had a positive linear correlation with FAI in both PCOS patients and controls.

Effect of rosuvastatin on serum levels of vaspin and visfatin in patients with CAD

AIM OF THE STUDY: Investigate the effect of Rosuvastatin on serum level of Vaspin and Visfatin in patients with CAD and determine the association between those adipokines and the severity of CAD. BACKGROUND: Statin treatment is considered one of the most effective strategies for the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques and is related with enhancements in result in patients with coronary course diseases (CAD). Vaspin and Visfatin are adipokines involved in atherosclerosis progression. Objective: assess the impact of Rosuvastatin on serum level of Vaspin and Visfatin in patients with CAD and the relationship of those adipokines with seriousness of CAD. SETTING: Cardiology department, Tanta University Hospital, Egypt. METHODS: 80 patients who underwent coronary angiography due to symptoms of stable angina were enrolled in the study. 40 patients received Rosuvastatin 20 mg/day was compared to another 40 patients, as a control group, who refused statin treatment and preferred lifestyle modifications intervention. Main outcome measure: Clinical parameters, lipid profile, troponin I, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Vaspin and Visfatin levels were assayed at the beginning and after 3 months. CAD severity was assessed by the Gensini score. RESULTS: Rosuvastatin administration considerably ameliorated most lipid parameters. Moreover, a significant increase of Vaspin and decrease of Visfatin concentrations (p<0.001) after Rosuvastatin treatment were observed (from 2.81 ± 0.74 ng/ml to 4.26 ± 0.76 ng/ml, from 4.62 ± 0.76 to 3.13 ± 0.98 respectively). There was a negative correlation between Vaspin and the Gensini score and positive correlation between Visfatin and Gensini score (r=-0.18 and r=0.19, p=0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Rousvastatin treatment reduces serum visfatin and increase serum vaspin levels in CAD patients. Those effects of Rousvastatin are of clinical importance.

Вопросы адипокиновой регуляции при идиопатической легочной гипертензии и системной остеопении

to determine the role of adipokines and vascular remodeling in formation of osteoporosis in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Functional and hemodynamic parameters, bone mineral density (BMD) T-score in lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN), blood serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and endothelin-1 were measured in 27 patients with severe IPAH and 30 healthy volunteers. Half of IPAH patients had osteoporosis. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and endothelin-1 in IPAH group were higher than in healthy volunteers. BMD T-score was directly related to results of 6‑minute walk test and inversely related to pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Circulating adiponectin and visfatin concentrations correlated with PVR; endothelin-1 concentration was directly related to pulmonary arterial systolic pressure, cardiac index and PVR. Relations between BMD T-score and circulating adiponectin, visfatin, and endothelin-1 were inverse. Positive correlations existed between serum adiponectin, visfatin and endothelin-1 levels. Results of our study confirm the important role of adipokine and endotheline dysregulation in development of hemodynamic disorders in severe IPAH and evidence for their possible involvement in formation of osteopenic syndrome.

Circulating Serum Level of Visfatin in Patients with Endometrial Cancer.

Obesity is a well-known factor that leads to many diseases including endometrial cancer. The adipose tissue is a heterogeneous organ of internal secretion. Visfatin is a newly discovered protein produced by fat tissues. The purpose of this work was to evaluate serum level concentrations of visfatin in patients with endometrial cancer based on clinical progression and histopathological tumor differentiation. The diagnostic capabilities of visfatin protein in high differentiation (FIGO III and IV) from a lower (FIGO I and II) clinical stage and prognostic degree of cell differentiation (G1 versus G2, G2 versus G3) on the basis of the analysis of the area under the ROC curve are as follows: 0.87, 0.81, and 0.86. Significantly higher concentrations of visfatin have been observed in patients with invasion of the blood vessels (p = 0.02) and lymph node metastases (p = 0.01) in reference to the depth of infiltration of the endometrium (p = 0.004), as well as the size of the tumor (p = 0.003). Visfatin serum concentrations did not differ due to the invasion of the lymphatic vessels only. Visfatin seems to be a good marker of endometrial cancer progress. High visfatin serum level predicts poor prognosis in endometrial cancer patients.

Relation of visfatin and polycystic ovarian syndrome in women

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of the reproductive age group. Objective: The study aimed to assess the relation of serum visfatin level in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kirkuk city from January 10, 2018, to June 15, 2018. The number of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women under study was 60 women whose ages were between 15 and 45 years old. These patients admitted to obstetrics and gynecology unit at Azadi teaching hospital. The control group who were matched to the patients studied included 30 individuals. Results: The study showed that there is the significant difference between PCOS women and the control group concerning visfatin level and the highest mean of visfatin was occurred in PCOS women (13.60 ± 7.98 vs. 7.73 ± 1.22). There was significant relation between body mass index and visfatin level among PCOS women in this study. The highest rate of PCOS women had irregular menstrual cycle. The study showed that most PCOS women included in the study had hirsutism. The high rate of acne recorded among PCOS women. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a highly significant relation of visfatin with PCOS.

Serum Levels of Visfatin, Omentin and Irisin in Patients with End-Stage Lung Disease Before and After Lung Transplantation.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of visfatin, irisin, and omentin in patients with end-stage lung diseases (ESLD) before and after lung transplantation (LTx) and to find relationship between adipokines levels and clinical outcomes.Material/MethodsFourteen consecutive lung transplant recipients (six males and seven females; age 32.0±14.2 years; body mass index (BMI) 21.8±5.3 kg/m2) who underwent lung transplantation with initial diagnosis of respiratory failure due to cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) were included. Visfatin, irisin, and omentin serum levels were assayed using commercially available ELISA kits at four time points: the day of LTx (day 0), 72 hours (day 3), one month (day 30) and three months (day 90) after LTx.ResultsOmentin serum concentration decreased significantly within three days after LTx (350.5±302.0 to 200.0±0.90 ng/mL; p<0.05), while visfatin serum levels decreased later, 30 days after Ltx (4.81±3.78 to 0.78±0.35 [0.4–1.1] pg/mL; p<0.05). Downregulated serum levels of both adipokines remained stable for the next two months (256.0 [201.7–642.9] ng/mL and 0.77±0.76 pg/mL, respectively; p<0.05). Serum levels of irisin were unchanged before and after Ltx. Immunosuppressive regimen did not affect serum levels of the analyzed adipokines.ConclusionsThe study showed for the first time serum omentin and visfatin levels to be decreased after LTx in ESLD patients. Successful LTx contributes to the improvement of impaired lung function parameters and attenuation of ongoing inflammatory process, resulting in altered visfatin and omentin serum levels. Additional influence of immunosuppressive treatment on omentin and visfatin serum concentration cannot be excluded.

The predictive value of plasma visfatin and adiponectin in early atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective To evaluate the association between plasma levels of visfatin and adiponectin with carotid arterial intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy elderly controls were recruited from August 2015 to August 2016 at our hospital.Based on carotid arterial intima-media thickness(IMT)assessed via color Doppler ultrasonography, patients with diabetes were further divided into a thickened IMT group(40 cases)and a non-thickened IMT group(60 cases). Plasma levels of visfatin and adiponectin were analyzed and compared, and their associations with carotid arterial IMT were evaluated. Results Compared with the control group, patients in both the thickened IMT group and the non-thickened IMT group had significantly higher serum levels of visfatin(19.1±2.8)μg/L vs.(40.6±3.9)μg/L, (28.9±3.6)μg/L, which was markedly higher in the thickened IMT group than in the non-thickened IMT group(P<0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, patients in the thickened IMT group and the non-thickened IMT group had significantly lower serum levels of adiponectin(1 590±330)mg/L, (610±170)mg/L, (930±210)mg/L, which was markedly lower in the thickened IMT group than in the non-thickened IMT group(P<0.05). Furthermore, Pearson's analysis showed that the plasma level of visfatin was positively correlated with carotid arterial IMT(r=0.721, P<0.05), and the plasma level of adiponectin was negatively correlated with carotid arterial IMT(r=-0.688, P<0.05). Conclusions Plasma levels of visfatin and adiponectin are closely related to carotid arterial IMT in patients with type 2 diabetes, andmay be used as plasma markers for the prediction of early atherosclerosis. Key words: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; Adiponectin; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Carotid arterial

Can adipokines serum levels be used as biomarkers of hand osteoarthritis?

Purpose: To evaluate serum levels of visfatin, resistin and adiponectin in patients with erosive (E) and non-erosive (NE) osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand (HOA) compared to normal controls (NC).Methods: 94 outpatients with E HOA and NE HOA and 21 NC were enrolled. The radiological assessment of both hands was performed according to the Kellgren–Lawrence and Kallman score. Patients were divided into two subsets (lone HOA or generalized OA) based on clinically OA involvement of knee and hip. Serum visfatin, resistin and adiponectin levels were determined by ELISA assay.Results: Visfatin was significantly higher in E HOA patients in comparison to NC and NE HOA group. Resistin showed a significant increase in both E HOA and NE HOA groups versus NC, in particular in generalized OA. No significant differences among groups were found in adiponectin. The Kallman score was more severe in the two subsets of E HOA patients compared to NE HOA.Conclusions: This study showed increased levels of resistin in erosive and non-erosive HOA, and higher visfatin levels in E HOA in comparison to NE HOA. These data suggest the adipokines possible role in the pathogenesis of HOA and their potential usefulness as biomarkers of the disease.

Serum levels of adipokines and cytokines in psoriasis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PurposeTo evaluate the association of serum levels of adipokines and cytokines with psoriasis.Materials and MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science for the available relevant studies published before December 1, 2016. Differences in serum marker levels between patients and controls were pooled as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence interval to combine the effect estimations. We also conducted stratified analysis, meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis.ResultsSixty-three studies containing 2876 psoriasis patients and 2237 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-22, chemerin, lipocalin-2, resistin, sE-selectin, fibrinogen and C3 were higher in psoriasis patients compared with healthy controls (all P < 0.05). In contrast, adiponectin levels were lower. Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, visfatin and omentin were not significantly different between psoriasis patients and controls (all P > 0.05). However, increased serum levels of IL-17 correlated with psoriasis in men. For other biomarkers, age, gender and psoriasis area and severity index did not explain the differences in effect size between the studies.ConclusionsSerum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-22, chemerin, lipocalin-2, resistin, sE-selectin, fibrinogen, complement 3, and adiponectin correlate with psoriasis and can be used as potential biomarkers for psoriasis and response to the treatment. Future studies are needed to identify additional players involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and to fully decipher the underlying mechanism.

Serum Level of Visfatin in Psoriasis and Its Relation to Disease Severity

Background: psoriasis is a chronic, debilitating, autoimmune disease that adversely affects the individual's quality of life; the disease progresses with periods of flare-ups and remission. Psoriasis affects approximately 2% of the global population. Psoriasis can begin at any age, however, the mean age of onset was 15-20 years old and the second peak period was 55-60years of age . Aim of the Work: this study aimed to evaluate the serum level of visfatin in psoriatic patients and its relation to duration and severity of psoriasis. Subjects and Methods: the present study represents a case-control study which was carried out on 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 20 age and sex matched healthy volunteers as the controls. Results: in the present study, serum level of visfatin in patients group was statistically significant higher than serum level of visfatin in the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between visfatin level and PASI score proposing visfatin as a marker of psoriasis severity. Conclusion: Visfatin is one of adipokines that may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its severity in addition to its role in the cardiovascular system diseases, which may explain the relation between psoriasis and cardiovascular complications and their severity in the psoriatic patients.

Obesity accelerates murine gastric cancer growth by modulating the Sirt1/YAP pathway.

A previous study from our group using an in vivo model demonstrated that diet induced-obesity increases the risk of gastric cancer and may prompt its growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear and require further investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms through which obesity affects gastric cancer growth. In a subcutaneous mouse model, tumors were significantly larger in obese mice compared with non-obese and lean mice. In addition, markedly increased levels of Sirt1 and YAP protein were observed in the nucleus of cells from subcutaneous tumors from obese mice compared with those from lean mice. Murine forestomach carcinoma (MFC) cells treated with 5% sera from obese mice exhibited significantly increased expression of Sirt1 and YAP compared with MFC cells treated with sera from lean mice. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between Sirt1 expression and YAP expression, and between Sirt1 expression and serum visfatin levels in mice. These results suggested that diet-induced obesity could promote murine gastric cancer growth by modulating the Sirt1/YAP signaling pathway.

Interpretation of Serum Visfatin Level in Relation to Hepatic Injury is Probably Gender Dependent in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Studies on the association between visfatin and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have contradictory results and the role of this adipokine in NAFLD pathogenesis has remained unclear. In vitro studies indicate that visfatin expression could be regulated by sex hormones. Testosterone down-regulates visfatin expression in pre-adipocytes and estrogen increases its expression in adipocytes. Objectives: This study aimed at exploring whether the association between serum visfatin and markers of hepatic injury is the same for both genders in patients with NAFLD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 62 consecutive patients (32 males and 30 females) with NAFLD were recruited. Fasting serum visfatin, caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (cCK18), total soluble cytokeratin 18 (CK18), liver enzymes (AST and ALT), insulin, and lipid-glucose profile was measured. Anthropometric measurements, fibroscan and assessment of dietary intake and physical activity level, were performed for each participant. Two independent sample t tests, chi-square test, univariate, and multiple linear regression (to adjust for confounding factors) were used to analyze the data. Results: In males, serum visfatin had a significant positive association with serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) (B = 0.47, P = 0.009), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (B = 0.40, P = 0.035), CK18 (B = 0.50, P = 0.008), and cCK18 (B = 0.47, P = 0.012). In females, serum visfatin only had a weak association with CK18 (B = 0.37, P = 0.045). Instead, higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with increased serum CK18 (B = 0.44, P = 0.02), cCK18 (B = 0.42, P = 0.02), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) (B = 0.39, P = 0.049), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (B = 0.40, P = 0.03) in females. Higher waist to hip ratio was also significantly related to serum AST (B = 0.37, P = 0.04), ALT (B = 0.50, P = 0.02), CK18 (B = 0.41, P = 0.03), cCK18 (B = 0.37, P = 0.04), and CAP (B = 0.39, P = 0.04) in this group. In this study, females were significantly older (47.83 ± 81.10 vs 39.84 ± 12.10, P = 0.008) and had higher BMI (32.31 ± 4.56 vs 29.42 ± 4.89, P = 0.02) compared to males, thus the associations were adjusted for age, BMI, and other confounders. Conclusions: Interpretation of serum visfatin level in relation to hepatic injury was probably gender-dependent in NAFLD. While its increased serum level could be an indicator for more hepatic injury in males, this was not the case in females. Body Mass Index and waist to hip ratio were stronger predictors for hepatic injury in females.

The Effects of Physical Activity on Serum Visfatin Level: A Literature Review

Higher concentration of plasma visfatin in obese and diabetic subjects compared with their healthy counterparts shows visfatin relationship to obesity and overweight. This article reviewed the studies on contradictory and different notions regarding the role of physical activity in visfatin response following aerobic and resistance exercises. Recent reports on the impact of physical activity and exercise on visfatin concentration is contradictory. Some studies have identified that exercise can reduce visfatin concentration depending on the duration of physical activity and calorie expenditure, while others have not reported any changes in visfatin concentration. The present review indicated that a balanced diet, low in fat, and physical exercise (aerobic and aerobic-resistance exercises) can reduce blood visfatin levels depending on the severity and duration, while resistance training alone exerts no significant effects on serum visfatin level.

Plasma levels and leucocyte RNA expression of adipokines in young patients with coronary artery disease, in metabolic syndrome and healthy controls

ObjectivesLittle is known about the role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease in young patients. The aims of this study were to compare serum levels of adipokines and expression of adipokines in peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with premature coronary artery disease (CAD), metabolic syndrome and healthy individuals. Design and methodsSixty-five patients with premature CAD (men 18–45years old and women 18–55years old) formed the study group. The control groups were 75 patients with metabolic syndrome and 50 healthy individuals. For each group, RNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes was determined for 24 different adipokines and 11 adipokines were examined in serum. ResultsIn individuals with CAD, serum visfatin levels were significantly higher than in metabolic syndrome and healthy controls (2.3 vs. 1.6 vs. 0.7µg/L, P<0.001) while both omentin-1 (92.9 vs. 587.0 vs. 552.3µg/L, P<0.001) and ZAG2 (45.5 vs. 72.5 vs. 77.1mg/L, P<0.001) levels were lower. The receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis for testing the validity of these adipokines in the diagnosis of CAD compared to control groups provided the following areas under the curve (AUC): omentin-1 AUC 0.97 (cut-off ≤222µg/L), ZAG2 AUC 0.89 (cut-off ≤51.7mg/L) and visfatin AUC 0.74 (cut-off ≥1.0µg/L) (P<0.001 in all cases). Visfatin and omentin-1 serum levels did not differ between the acute phase of myocardial infarction and the chronic phase of CAD. In patients with CAD, we found no significant relation between mRNA expression and adipokine concentration. ConclusionSerum omentin-1, visfatin and ZAG2 could serve as biomarkers of premature CAD in young apparently healthy people.

Visfatin versus Flow-Mediated Dilatation as a Marker of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients.

BACKGROUND:Renal transplantation (RTx) is the treatment of choice for paediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A major cause of morbidity and mortality after RTx is cardiovascular disease. Independent predictors of cardiovascular events were shown to constitute an endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study aims to evaluate Visfatin serum level in comparison to brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in paediatric RTx recipients.METHODS:Visfatin serum level has been evaluated in 30 patients on regular hemodialysis (HD), 36 patients post-RTx and 30 controls as a measure for ED, and has been compared to brachial artery FMD.RESULTS:Visfatin level in transplant recipients was significantly lower than the hemodialysis group as well as FMD was better in transplant recipients. In spite of marked improvement of FMD and marked reduction of visfatin in post-RTx no direct statistical correlation was found between serum Visfatin level and flow-mediated dilatation.CONCLUSION:Pediatric RTx recipients show lower serum Visfatin level and better FMD than those on regular hemodialysis, reflecting less endothelial dysfunction (ED) and less cardiovascular risk. FMD in kidney transplant recipients tends to be less than normal subjects while visfatin level of the same group is similar to controls. Pediatric RTx appears to have a positive impact on the growth development of children with ESRD.

EVALUATION OF SALIVARY AND SERUM VISFATIN IN ORAL BULLOUS EROSIVE LICHEN PLANUS AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Introduction: Bullous Erosive Oral Lichen Planus (BEOLP) is a potentially malignant condition with high rate of transformation into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), and aiming to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate arising from OLP; the early diagnosis of oral cancer was recommended. Many biomarkers were found to be released into the serum and the saliva during the course of both diseases, BEOLP and OSCC. One of these proteins is visfatin.Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary level of visfatin and to find out if it can be used instead of its serum level as an early diagnostic biomarker for patients with either BEOLP or OSCC.Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on 3 groups; group (A) which included fifteen medically free subjects, group (B) which included fifteen patients suffering from BEOLP, and finally group (C) which included fifteen patients suffering from OSCC. Serum and salivary samples were collected and visfatin levels were measured using an ELISA kit (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The present study detected no statistically significant difference between mean visfatin levels in BEOLP and OSCC groups; both showed statistically significantly higher mean levels than control group which showed the lowest mean visfatin level. It Also revealed a statistically significant positive (direct) correlation between serum and salivary visfatin levels (r = 0.835, P-value <0.001) i.e. an increase in serum level of visfatin is associated with an increase in salivary level of Visfatin.Conclusion: Salivary level of visfatin can be used instead of its serum level as a biomarker for BEOLP and OSCC.

Beneficial effects of diacerein on adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered as a progressive liver disease, so effective therapies are needed to ameliorate hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, and to prevent the progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Diacerein is an anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the synthesis and activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of diacerein on pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as adipokines involved in diet-induced NASH rat model.Methods: Thirty-two adult male rats were divided into four groups: control, diacerein-treated, NASH-untreated and NASH+diacerein-treated groups. NASH was induced by feeding rats with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. Body weight, liver weight, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels for estimation of insulin resistance, blood lipids, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase were evaluated. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin, visfatin and leptin were also detected. Histopathological examination of liver sections was performed.Results: Diacerein significantly reduced liver weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin level, transaminases and ameliorates insulin resistance with favourable effects on blood lipids. These results were accompanied with a significant reduction in serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and visfatin, while, adiponectin was significantly increased and leptin was insignificantly affected. Liver sections revealed that diacerein reduced steatosis and lobular inflammatory grades.Conclusions: These data suggest that diacerein administration may have a potential usefulness in the prevention of NASH as a possible result of inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the beneficial effects on adipokines especially adiponectin and visfatin.

The correlation between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and novel adipocytokines in postmenopausal women: A population-based study

ABSTRACTThe adipocytokines and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are involved in insulin resistance, the cardiometabolic syndrome, and atherosclerosis. Therefore, investigating the relationship between circulating levels of the novel adipocytokines and IGF-1 is worthwhile. The correlation between IGF-1, visfatin, and omentin-1 has not been adequately investigated. In a population-based study, 324 postmenopausal women were randomly selected. Circulating IGF-1, visfatin, omentin-1, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured with the highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. In multiple regression analyses adjusted for alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and hs-CRP, circulating IGF-1 was significantly correlated with visfatin levels (standardized β coefficient [β] = 0.13, partial correlation coefficient [r] = 0.12, p = 0.028). The significant positive correlation between serum IGF-1 and visfatin levels remained after additional adjustments for age and BMI (β = 0.12, r = 0.12, p = 0.025), metabolic syndrome (β = 0.13, r = 0.12, p = 0.021), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (β = 0.13, r = 0.12, p = 0.026). No significant correlations were found between IGF-1, adiponectin, and omentin-1. There is a significant correlation between serum IGF-1 and visfatin levels in postmenopausal women beyond metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, bone formation markers, and hs-CRP levels. The observed correlation between higher circulating IGF-1 and the higher visfatin levels might be a physiological compensation and adaptation to protect against visfatin-induced proinflammatory effects.

Serum Visfatin - A Novel Marker of Chronic Kidney Disease

BACKGROUND: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is defined as Glomerular Filteration Rate < 60ml/min/1.73m2 for a minimum of 3 months irrespective of the cause. Accelerated atherosclerosis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD patients. Visfatin is a 52KDa protein predominantly secreted by the visceral adipose tissue which has anti-inflammatory, Insulin-mimetic and antiapoptotic activities. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To estimate the levels of serum Visfatin in patients with CKD and to compare it with serum hsCRP (high sensitive C reactive protein), Ccr(Creatinine clearance) and lipid profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at Thanjavur Medical College Hospital. 50 patients of CKD as cases and 50 age and gender matched healthy individuals were selected as cases and controls respectively.Serum Visfatin and Serum hsCRP were estimated by Enzyme Immune Assay and Immunoturbidimetric method respectively. Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TGL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein(VLDL-C), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C) were estimated by enzymatic method. Creatinine Clearance (Ccr)and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C) were calculated using formula. RESULTS: The mean value of Visfatin in cases and controls were 27.42±8.92 and 10.62±1.57 ng/ml (t=13.11; p<0.05 significant) respectively. The level of serum visfatin is inversely correlated with Ccr (r= -0.898; p< 0.01). Serum hsCRP, TGL and VLDL-C were significantly increased and HDL-C was significantly decreased in cases when compared to controls (p < 0.05). There is no significant difference of TC between cases and controls. CONCLUSION: 1. The present study demonstrated that serum Visfatin levels are significantly increased in patients with CKD. This increase in serum Visfatin level is progressive from the early stages to the late stages of CKD . 2. Visfatin may be considered as the novel marker of mortality predictor in CKD patients. Higher the visfatin level, higher the mortality of CKD patients.