Serum Resistin Levels In Patients Research Articles

Serum adipokine profiles in Kawasaki disease

Adipokines are cytokines derived from adipose tissue. Recently it has been established that adipokines are closely linked to the pathophysiology of not only metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and atherosclerosis, but also to inflammation and immune diseases. In this study we measured serum levels of adipokines in patients with acute Kawasaki disease to investigate the role of adipokines in the pathophysiology of Kawasaki disease. Serum resistin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a total of 117 subjects: 56 patients with acute Kawasaki disease, 30 healthy children, and 31 patients with acute infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease were significantly higher than those of healthy children and patients with acute infectious diseases. In contrast, mean serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease exhibited no statistically significant differences compared with those in healthy children and patients with infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels decreased significantly after administration of intravenous immune globulin. Serum resistin levels on admission were significantly higher in nonresponders compared with responders to intravenous immune globulin therapy. A multivariate model revealed that C-reactive protein was a factor that was significantly related to elevated serum resistin level in patients with Kawasaki disease. In patients with Kawasaki disease, serum resistin levels were elevated, but decreased to nearly normal after intravenous administration of immune globulin. In contrast, serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels showed no statistically significant changes. These findings suggest that resistin plays an important role, while other adipokines do not play a major role, in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease.

The serum levels of resistin in ankylosing spondylitis patients: a pilot study

Resistin is a recently described adipokine which is a member of cysteine-rich secretory protein family. Although it has been primarily defined in human adipocytes, it has been identified that its level was higher in mononuclear leukocytes, macrophages, spleen, and bone marrow cells. Because ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease, it is suspected that upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines is effective in its immunopathogenesis. The aim of our study is to determine the serum resistin levels in patients with AS and to research the relationship with disease activity markers. A total of 30 patients with AS and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum resistin concentrations, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were evaluated. In results resistin levels in ankylosing spondylitis group were significantly higher than in control group. But, there was no correlation between resistin and ESR, CRP, BASDAI. In conclusion, higher serum resistin levels in patients with AS compared to healthy subjects give clues that resistin could have a role in the pathogenesis of AS.

Influence of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy on serum resistin levels in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a randomized controlled trial

Resistin level is high in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and resistin is expected to be a new marker for evaluating the severity of acute pancreatitis. To explore the influence of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy on serum resistin levels in SAP patients. Twenty-eight SAP patients meeting inclusion criteria from Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University were included, and the patients were randomly divided into treatment group and placebo group. There were 13 patients in the treatment group and 15 patients in the placebo group. Patients in the treatment group were given traditional Chinese herbal medicine in addition to the conventional treatment. Patients in the placebo group were given placebo in addition to the conventional treatment. The serum resistin levels on admission, and days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after the admission were detected. The serum resistin levels on admission in all the patients were higher than normal level, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). On days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after admission, the resistin levels in the treatment group were (3.29 + or - 1.66) microg/L, (3.71 + or - 1.05) microg/L, (3.08 + or - 1.47) microg/L and (3.62 + or - 1.67) microg/L, and in the control group (5.16 + or - 1.93) microg/L, (5.07 + or - 1.53) microg/L, (4.88 + or - 1.47) microg/L and (5.12 + or - 1.48) microg/L, respectively. The resistin levels were lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Serum resistin level in SAP patients can be decreased by integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine therapy.

Evaluation of serum resistin levels in patients with ocular and non-ocular Behçet’s disease

Background: Resistin, a recently identified adipocytokine, has been found to play an important role in inflammation and the processes of inflammation-related diseases. Serum resistin levels in patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) have not yet been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the relation between resistin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Behçet patients with or without ocular involvement and in normal controls. Methods: Twenty-two patients with BD and 19 healthy control subjects were included in this study. While 14 patients had posterior segment involvement of the eye, the other 8 did not have ocular disease. Serum resistin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), levels were measured in all samples. Data from all groups were tested for statistical significance. Results: The mean resistin and IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with BD than the control subjects ( p = 0.011 and p = 0.0001, respectively).There was a significant difference in resistin and IL-6 levels between the patients with non-ocular BD and controls ( p = 0.013 and p = 0.0001, respectively), as well as resistin and IL-6 levels between the ocular BD group and the control group ( p = 0.05 and p = 0.0001, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between patients with ocular versus non-ocular BD. Interpretation: Resistin levels were found to be raised in Behçet patients with or without ocular involvement compared with the control subjects.

Pitavastatin Improves Serum Resistin Levels in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia

Resistin in serum is associated with high risk in patients with atherosclerosis. This clinical study aimed to investigate whether pitavastatin can regulate the serum level of resistin, together with levels of other inflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines. Forty two outpatients (mean age 65.2 +/- 12.6 yr, M/F: 21/21) with hypercholesterolemia were administered 2 mg of pitavastatin and serum levels of resistin, together with serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-alpha and hsCRP, were measured before, and 12 weeks after enrollment. There was no significant gender-related difference in initial serum resistin levels. Pitavastatin significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol after 12 weeks. Initial levels of resistin showed a significant correlation with those of hsCRP (r=0.38, p=0.013), but not TNF-alpha or HOMA-R. Serum resistin, but not adiponectin and leptin, levels were significantly decreased, dropping from 17.1 +/- 9.9 ng/ dL to 15.2+/-10.0 (p=0.001) after 12 weeks of administration. The patient group with a baseline hsCRP > or = 0.1 at enrollment (n=17) had decreased levels of both resistin and hsCRP (p=0.011 and p=0.022, respectively). This study showed the pleiotropic effect of pitavastatin on the serum resistin concentration, suggesting that it may assist in the prevention of atherosclerosis.

Leptin and resistin levels and their relationships with glucose metabolism in children with chronic renal insufficiency and undergoing dialysis

The aim of the present study is: (i) to evaluate the serum concentrations of leptin and resistin in the paediatric patients with chronic renal impairment (CRI), on haemodialysis (HD) and on peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment; (ii) to examine the relationship between these hormones; and (iii) to investigate the possible influence of these hormones on the insulin resistance and sensitivity indexes as well as on serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels. In total, 52 patients (15 patients with CRI, 24 PD patients and 13 HD patients) and 23 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in the present study. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was higher than 2.5 in 47.1% of the patients. IGF-1 levels of patients with CRI, PD and HD patients were significantly lower than those in the controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The leptin levels of patients with CRI and on PD and HD treatment were significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.038, P = 0.002, P = 0.006, respectively). Similarly, serum resistin levels of patients with CRI and those of PD and HD patients were higher when compared with healthy controls (P = 0.037, P < 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively). Leptin and resistin levels were increased in the children with CRF; however, this elevation was not found to be associated with hyperinsulinism. Further studies to explain the mechanisms and consequences of the accumulation of these hormones in CRF may provide the therapeutical approach aiming to normalize their circulating levels.

Effect of Atorvastatin on in vitro Expression of Resistin in Adipocytes and Monocytes/Macrophages and Effect of Atorvastatin Treatment on Serum Resistin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Resistin is a novel cysteine-rich protein that plays a role in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) possess anti-inflammatory properties that are independent of their lipid-lowering action. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of atorvastatin on expression of resistin in vitro and to determine the effect of 6 months of treatment with atorvastatin on serum levels of resistin in patients with type 2 diabetes. 3T3-L1 adipocytes and human monocytes/macrophages and preadipocytes were incubated with 1 and 10 µmol/l atorvastatin for 24 and 48 h, followed by measurement of resistin mRNA by the quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Serum resistin concentration in the patients with type 2 diabetes was measured at baseline and after 6 months of atorvastatin treatment (10 mg/day). qRT-PCR analysis revealed that atorvastatin decreased resistin mRNA expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Serum resistin concentration tended to decrease after 6 months of atorvastatin treatment, although this decrease did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, the findings of our in vitro study contribute to the growing volume of evidence on the anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects of statins, and led us to suggest that statins may control inflammatory responses by inhibiting expression of resistin mRNA. It is necessary to confirm the findings of our in vitro study by an appropriately designed large-scale clinical study.

Increased serum resistin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes are not linked with markers of insulin resistance and adiposity

The role of resistin in human biology remains uncertain. We measured serum resistin levels in Japanese patients with (n=111) and without (n=98) type 2 diabetes mellitus and investigated the significance of this hormone in the pathophysiology of diabetes. The levels of serum adiponectin and leptin were also measured. Resistin levels were increased significantly in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with non-diabetic subjects (24.7+/-2.6 vs. 15.0+/-1.2 ng/ml, p=0.0013). However, there was no correlation in either patient group between serum resistin levels and markers of insulin resistance, obesity or hyperlipidaemia. These results were in direct contrast to the data of leptin or adiponectin, both of which were closely related to these clinical markers of diabetes. Multivariate regression analysis on the combined data of the two groups demonstrated that the presence of diabetes and HDL cholesterol levels were significant predictors of serum resistin levels (diabetes: beta=0.159, p=0.035; HDL: beta=-0.172, p=0.039). No correlation was observed between C-reactive protein and resistin adjusted for BMI. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that serum resistin levels are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes, but this increase is not linked to markers of insulin resistance or adiposity. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the significance of serum resistin concentration in human pathophysiology.