Serum Resistin Levels In Patients Research Articles

Resistin in patients with psoriasis vulgaris during PUVA therapy

BACKGROUND: Currently, psoriasis represents a serious medical and social problem, and it is one of the most common chronic skin diseases. Over the past decades, special attention has been paid to the association of psoriasis with various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, depression, etc. Common comorbidities of psoriasis include metabolic syndrome or obesity. Resistin is one of the hormones produced by adipose tissue, the concentration of which increases markedly in patients with psoriasis. Resistin expression is induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-a. In turn, an increase in resistin levels leads to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the development of psoriasis, thereby promoting the recruitment of leukocytes during the inflammatory process leading to chronic inflammation. Taken together, the above changes may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome in psoriasis. Among the effective methods of treating the disease, phototherapy methods (PUVA and UVB 311 nm) remain relevant. Considering these data, it is of interest to study the level of resistin in the serum of patients with psoriasis and its change after a course of PUVA.
 AIM: The aim of our study was to evaluate the serum resistin level in patients with psoriasis vulgaris before and after PUVA.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at the department of Skin and Venereology diseases at the Sechenov University in the period from June 2022 to November 2023. The study included 30 patients with psoriasis vulgaris of moderate severity (PASI 20), of whom there were 16 men and 14 women. The healthy control group included 20 participants (11 men and 9 women). All patients had blood drawn from a vein during hospitalization and after a course of PUVA. Healthy participants underwent a single blood draw from a vein.
 RESULTS: A noticeable decrease in the level of resistin in the blood serum was revealed after a course of PUVA in all patients with psoriasis compared to baseline values. In addition, after treatment, resistin levels approached the values recorded in healthy participants.
 CONCLUSION: Thus, our study allows us to consider resistin as a biological marker of the effectiveness of PUVA in the treatment of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, as well as a predictor of the occurrence of concomitant diseases in patients with psoriasis.

Resistin as a Systemic Inflammation-Related Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

BackgroundSarcopenia is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is mainly caused by systemic inflammation. Resistin acts as a proinflammatory cytokine and is involved in the activation of multiple inflammatory signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between resistin levels and systemic inflammation and to assess the clinical value of circulating resistin for sarcopenia in patients with COPD.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we enrolled 235 patients with COPD who were divided into development and validation sets. The definition of sarcopenia followed the guidelines from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Serum concentrations of resistin and TNF-α were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsIn this study, higher serum resistin levels were significantly associated with lower skeletal muscle mass and muscular strength. The serum resistin levels in patients with sarcopenia were significantly higher than those in patients without sarcopenia. The serum resistin level had positive correlations with the serum TNF-α level (r = 0.250, p = 0.007). The predictive efficacy of the serum resistin level (AUC: 0.828) for sarcopenia was superior to that of the serum TNF-α level (AUC: 0.621). The cutoff point (7.138 ng/ml) for the serum resistin level was validated in the validation set (AUC: 0.818).ConclusionsSerum resistin levels were associated with systemic inflammation and can be used accurately and easily to predict sarcopenia in patients with COPD.

Adipocytokine profile in children with Kawasaki disease at a mean follow-up period of 5.5 years: A study from North India.

BACKGROUNDKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limited vasculitis with a predilection for coronary arteries. Children with KD may have altered lipid metabolism and abnormal lipid profiles that may last for prolonged periods. However, there is a paucity of literature on the role of adipocytokines in KD. AIMTo estimate the levels of adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin and resistin) during the convalescent phase of KD.METHODSTwenty children, who had KD at least three years earlier, were enrolled in this study. In addition, 20 healthy controls were also enrolled. Clinical and laboratory profiles of patients were obtained from hospital records. Serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTSMean age of the patients in the study group was 10.15 ± 3 years and the male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Median serum resistin levels in patients with KD (27.77 ng/mL; [IQR: 18.66, 48.90]) were decreased compared to controls (21.20 ng/mL; [IQR: 14.80, 27.00]) (P = 0.04). Median serum leptin levels in cases and controls were 1.83 ng/mL; (IQR: 1.13, 3.80), and 1.10 ng/mL; (IQR: 0.41, 2.88), respectively (P = 0.09). Median serum adiponectin levels were similar in both cases (12.20 µg/mL; [IQR: 9.76, 17.97]) and controls (13.95 µg/mL; [IQR: 11.17, 22.58]); (P = 0.18). There was no significant difference in all 3 adipocytokines between children with (4/20) and without coronary artery abnormalities (16/20). CONCLUSIONSerum resistin levels were significantly elevated in patients with KD during the convalescent phase compared to controls. Serum leptin levels appeared to be higher in patients with KD, although the difference was not statistically significant. Adiponectin levels were similar in both cases and controls. Raised resistin and leptin levels may partially explain lipid perturbations observed during the convalescent phase of KD.

Serum Resistin Levels in Adult Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background and AimsPrevious studies reported that serum resistin levels were remarkably changed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the conclusions were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate accurate serum resistin levels in adult patients with NAFLD.MethodsA complete literature research was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, and all the available studies up to 7 May 2020 were reviewed. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) values were calculated to investigate the serum resistin levels in patients with NAFLD and healthy controls.ResultsA total of 28 studies were included to investigate the serum resistin levels in patients with NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD had higher serum resistin levels than controls (SMD=0.522, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.004–1.040, I2=95.9%). Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) had lower serum resistin levels than the healthy controls (SMD=−0.44, 95% CI: −0.83–0.55, I2=74.5%). In addition, no significant difference of serum resistin levels was observed between patients with NAFL and healthy controls (SMD=−0.34, 95% CI: −0.91–0.23, I2=79.6%) and between patients with NAFL and NASH (SMD=0.15, 95% CI: −0.06–0.36, I2=0.00%). Furthermore, subgroup and sensitivity analyses suggested that heterogeneity did not affect the results of meta-analysis.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis investigated the serum resistin levels in adult patients with NAFLD comprehensively. Patients with NAFLD had higher serum resistin levels and patients with NASH had lower serum resistin levels than healthy controls. Serum resistin could serve as a potential biomarker to predict the development risk of NAFLD.

Исследование сывороточного уровня резистина у пациентов с морбидным ожирением

Исследование сывороточного уровня резистина у пациентов с морбидным ожирением

Expression of adipocytokine resistin and inflammatory cytokines, and their associations with the clinicopathological features of pancreatic carcinoma

Objective To investigate the expression of resistin and inflammatory cytokines in pancreatic cancer and explore the association with clinicopathological features. Methods The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to examine the serum resistin level in 38 patients with pancreatic cancer and 32 healthy controls. The real-time PCR technique was used to detect the mRNA expression level of resistin and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-8 in surgically resected specimens of pancreatic cancer patients. Results The serum resistin level in patients with pancreatic cancer was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P 0.05). The expression level of resistin mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues was 3.8 times more than that in normal pancreatic tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA expression level of proinflammatory cytokines as TNF-α and IL-8 in pancreatic cancer tissues were 2.1 and 1.9 times higher than those in normal pancreatic tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-2 accounted for 20% of that in normal pancreatic tissues (P<0.05). Conlusions The serum resistin level in patients with pancreatic cancer was significantly higher than that of healthy controls, and positively associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. The expression level of resistin and proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α of pancreatic cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of normal pancreatic tissues. The expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 was less than that in normal pancreatic tissues. It’s suggested that resistin may take part in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer by mediating inflammatory reaction. Key words: Adipocytokine, resistin; Pancreatic cancer; Inflammatory cytokines

Serum Resistin Negatively Correlates with Clinical Severity of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Children.

This study was designed to analyse the serum resistin level in children with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and its clinical significance. Twenty-one children with POTS and 31 healthy children as controls participated in the study. Clinical characteristics, heart rate and blood pressure in the supine and upright positions were monitored and collected during an upright test, and the symptom scoring of POTS patients was recorded. The serum resistin levels of patients in both groups were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The change in serum resistin levels in the POTS group before and after standing, as well as its correlation with symptom scores and change in heart rate after standing, was analysed. Compared with the control group, the serum resistin levels in the POTS group were significantly increased (P<0.01). The serum resistin levels in the POTS group before and after standing did not differ (P>0.05). There was a negative correlation between the serum resistin levels and a change in heart rate from the supine to upright position (correlation coefficient=-0.615, P<0.01). Moreover, serum resistin levels were negatively correlated with symptom scores (correlation coefficient=-0.493, P<0.05). Serum resistin levels in children with POTS were significantly higher than those in healthy children and negatively correlated with a change in heart rate from the supine to upright position and symptom scores. These results suggest a protective role of increased resistin in the pathogenesis of POTS.

Clinical significance of serum resistin in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis

Objective: To detect the serum resistin levels in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) and evaluate the clinical values of resistin. Methods: We detected the serum resistin levels in 58 patients with GMG and 58 healthy controls (HC) from January 2013 to December 2015 in Tianjin medical university general hospital.Then we analyzed the correlation of the serum resistin levels with the clinical features. Results: The serum resistin levels in patients with GMG, (8.26±4.27) ng/ml, was significantly higher than in HC, (4.12±1.36) ng/ml, (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference of the serum resistin levels between female or male patients with GMG (P=0.589). The serum resistin levels in patients with GMG was positively correlated with the quantitative MG score for disease severity (QMG) (r=0.446, P<0.001), but not correlated with age (r=0.168, P=0.206). The patients with higher resistin levels took higher risk of combining with thymoma (P=0.002), 56.5%, and these patients had higher QMG, 11(5) (P=0.001); and the ratio and QMG in the patients with lower resistin levels were 17.1%, 7(5), respectively.The GMG patients with thymoma (TGMG+ ) had remarkably higher serum resistin levels, (10.7±5.3) ng/ml (P=0.010) and the QMG score, 11(5) (P<0.001) than the GMG patients without thymoma (TGMG-) with (7.0±3.1) ng/ml and 8(5). Conclusion: Resistin is probably associated with the severity of the disease of MG, and maybe a potential biomarker of MG combined with thymoma.

Increased serum resistin level is associated with coronary heart disease.

To explore the relationship between the serum resistin level and different types of coronary heart diseases (CHD). Literature was retrieved by formal searching of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, China Biological Medicine Database (SinoMed) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and by hand searching of reference lists of related articles. RevMan5.3 statistical software was utilized for processing and analysis. A total of 22 literatures involving 2070 subjects were included. Meta-analysis showed that the level of serum resistin in the patients with stable angina (SA), unstable angina(UA) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were significantly higher than those of normal controls, respectively [SMD(95% CI) were 1.97(1.15, 2.79), 2.54(1.76, 3.31), and 3.62(2.62, 4.62), all P<0.00001]. Serum resistin level in patients with UA or AMI was higher than those in patients with SA, respectively [SMD=0.90, 95CI(0.28,1.52), P=0.005], [SMD=2.28, 95%CI(0.74, 3.82), P=0.004]. The level of serum resistin in patients with AMI was also higher than those in patients with UA [SMD=1.22, 95%CI(0.58, 1.85), P=0.0002]. The study demonstrated that increased serum resistin level is significantly associated with the severity of CHD.

High serum resistin associates with intrahepatic inflammation and necrosis: an index of disease severity for patients with chronic HBV infection

BackgroundStudies have revealed that resistin plays a role as an intrahepatic cytokine with proinflammatory activities. This study investigated the association between serum resistin and fibrosis severity and the possible marker role of resistin in the inflammatory process of chronic hepatitis B.MethodsIn this study, 234 subjects with HBV infection were retrospectively selected, including 85 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 70 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC-B), and 79 patients with HBV-related liver failure (LF-B). Serum levels of resistin, IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 were assayed by ELISA. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were extracted from clinical databases of Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, including serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil), and liver stiffness (LS).ResultsAll the selected patients with HBV infection showed significantly increased levels of serum resistin, which was rarely detectable in the healthy controls. Serum resistin levels in patients with CHB, LC-B, and LF-B were 4.119 ± 5.848 ng/mL, 6.370 ± 6.834 ng/mL, and 6.512 ± 6.076 ng/mL, respectively. Compared with the CHB group, patients with LC-B or LF-B presented with significantly higher serum levels of resistin (p < 0.01). On the other hand, all of the enrolled patients had high serum levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and TGF-β1, but not IL-23. Interestingly, serum levels of resistin was significantly positively correlated with serum levels of TGF-β1 in LC-B patients (R = 0.3090, p = 0.0290), with IL-17 in LC-B (R = 0.4022, p = 0.0038) and LF-B patients (R = 0.5466, p < 0.0001), and with AST (R = 0.4501, p = 0.0036) and LS (R = 0.3415, p = 0.0310) in CHB patients.ConclusionsHigh serum resistin associates with intrahepatic inflammation and necrosis and may be used as an index of disease severity for patients with chronic HBV infection.

Remarkably increased resistin levels in anti-AChR antibody-positive myasthenia gravis.

Resistin is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. To investigate serum resistin levels in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and determine if there are associations between resistin levels and disease severity, we measured serum resistin levels in 102 patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive MG (AChR-MG). We further analyzed associations between serum resistin levels and clinical variables in patients with MG. Our findings demonstrate that serum resistin levels are elevated in patients with AChR-generalized MG and AChR-MG with thymoma and are correlated with disease severity. Resistin has potential as a useful serum biomarker for inflammation in AChR-MG.

Elevated resistin levels are associated with inflammation in hemodialysis patients with failed renal allografts.

Resistin is an adipocytokine, associated with insulin resistance and inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of serum resistin levels and other markers of inflammation in hemodialysis (HD) patients with failed renal allografts. Sixty-nine HD patients with failed renal allografts and 98 never transplanted (naive) HD patients and also 21 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum levels of various biochemical parameters as well as resistin, IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP as biochemical markers of inflammation, were measured. Serum resistin levels in patients with failed renal allografts (4.80 ± 2.06 ng/mL) were significantly higher than those of the naive HD patients (3.44 ± 1.48 ng/mL) and healthy controls (0.95 ± 0.38 ng/mL; p<0.001). Patients with failed transplants were also characterized by higher TNF-alpha levels (96.8 ± 131.3 pg/mL vs. 40.9 ± 25.4 pg/mL; p<0.001) and IL-6 levels (83.9 ± 150.9 pg/mL vs. 14.6 ± 14.4 pg/mL; p<0.001) as compared to naive HD patients. Serum hs-CRP levels in patients with failed renal allografts (9.33 ± 11.86 mg/L) were significantly higher than those of the naive HD patients (1.26 ± 1.71 mg/L) and healthy controls (2.12 ± 1.82 mg/L; p<0.001). Serum albumin levels in patients with failed transplants (3.84 ± 0.47 g/dL) were lower as compared to never transplanted HD patients (4.13 ± 0.33 g/dL) and healthy controls (4.53 ± 0.40 g/dL; p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between serum resistin and TNF-alpha levels (r = 0.486, p<0.001). Serum resistin levels are increased in HD patients with failed renal allografts very probably reflecting an allograft-induced chronic inflammatory state.

Prognostic value of serum resistin levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Resistin is a novel adipokine that is suggested to be involved in inflammatory conditions and atherosclerosis. To investigate the prognostic importance of resistin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Resistin levels were measured in a population of 132 patients with AMI, of whom 72 (54%) had a diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and 60 (46%) had non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Thirty-three consecutive subjects who were referred to elective coronary angiography due to chest pain evaluation with normal coronary angiograms served as controls. All patients were followed-up for the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). There was a significant increase in serum resistin levels in patients with AMI compared to controls (3.71 ± 4.20 vs. 2.00 ± 1.05, p = 0.001, respectively). However, serum resistin levels were similar in patients with STEMI and NSTEMI. (4.26 ± 5.11 vs. 3.06 ± 2.64, p = 0.49, respectively). The patients with MACE had significantly higher levels of serum resistin levels compared to either the AMI or the control group (6.35 ± 5.47, p = 0.005, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that resistin, left ventricular ejection fraction, and coronary artery bypass graft were independent predictors of MACE in AMI patients (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22, p = 0.03 and OR = 3.84, 95% CI 1.26-11.71, p = 0.018, respectively). Serum resistin level was increased in patients with AMI and constituted a risk factor for MACE in this group.

Study of Serum Resistin Levels in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Viral Infection

Study of Serum Resistin Levels in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Viral Infection

The Relationship Between the Serum Resistin Levels of Patients with COPD Attack and Airway Obstruction

The Relationship Between the Serum Resistin Levels of Patients with COPD Attack and Airway Obstruction

Increased serum resistin levels in patients with coronary slow-flow phenomenon

Slow coronary flow (SCF) is an angiographic finding characterized by delayed opacification of the epicardial coronary arteries without obstructive coronary disease. Resistin, an adipocytokine, plays a major role besides low-grade inflammation in atherosclerotic vascular processes and may be of importance in other coronary pathologies such as SCF. The present study was cross-sectional and observational, consisting of 70individuals who underwent coronary angiography and had angiographically normal coronary arteries of varying coronary flow rates. The study included 50patients with isolated SCF and 20 control participants with normal coronary flow (NCF). There were no statistically significant differences between the SCF and NCF groups with respect to age, gender, presence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, and smoking habit, except for increased creatinine levels (p = 0.014). The serum resistin level was significantly higher in the SCF group than in the NCF group (8.4 ± 7.2 vs. 5.4 ± 2.6ng/ml, p = 0.014). Ln-transformed resistin levels correlated positively with left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery TIMI frame count (TFC) (r = 0.408, p < 0.001) as well as with glucose (r = 0.340, p = 0.004), creatinine (r = 0.248, p = 0.044), and C-reactive protein (CRP; r = 0.283, p = 0.023) levels, and negatively with LAD coronary flow velocity (r = - 0.314, p = 0.009). When multivariate analyses were performed, in linear regression analysis, ln-resistin was associated with a longer TFC [beta (standardized regression coefficient): 0.404, p = 0.001] and lower coronary flow velocity (beta: - 0.280, p = 0.035); in logistic regression analysis, ln-resistin was an independent predictor of the presence of SCF (OR: 6.692, 65 %CI: 1.117-40.1, p = 0.037). We demonstrated, for the first time, a significant increase in serum resistin levels in patients with SCF compared to subjects with NCF. We believe that further studies are needed to clarify the role of resistin in patients with SCF.

Serum adipokine profiles in Kawasaki disease

Adipokines are cytokines derived from adipose tissue. Recently it has been established that adipokines are closely linked to the pathophysiology of not only metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and atherosclerosis, but also to inflammation and immune diseases. In this study we measured serum levels of adipokines in patients with acute Kawasaki disease to investigate the role of adipokines in the pathophysiology of Kawasaki disease. Serum resistin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a total of 117 subjects: 56 patients with acute Kawasaki disease, 30 healthy children, and 31 patients with acute infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease were significantly higher than those of healthy children and patients with acute infectious diseases. In contrast, mean serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease exhibited no statistically significant differences compared with those in healthy children and patients with infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels decreased significantly after administration of intravenous immune globulin. Serum resistin levels on admission were significantly higher in nonresponders compared with responders to intravenous immune globulin therapy. A multivariate model revealed that C-reactive protein was a factor that was significantly related to elevated serum resistin level in patients with Kawasaki disease. In patients with Kawasaki disease, serum resistin levels were elevated, but decreased to nearly normal after intravenous administration of immune globulin. In contrast, serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels showed no statistically significant changes. These findings suggest that resistin plays an important role, while other adipokines do not play a major role, in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease.

Measurement of Salivary Resistin Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Serum resistin was initially hypothesized as a link between obesity and insulin resistance in mice. The latest evidence suggests that serum resistin is proinflammatory cytokines. Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many reports have previously identified changed serum resistin levels in patients with T2DM, but little is known of the levels of resistin in saliva. In our study, saliva and serum samples were collected from 38 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM at each time point of OGTT and 35 nondiabetic controls at fasting state. Resistin concentrations were measured using ELISA. We have demonstrated the presence of resistin in saliva of T2DM and nondiabetic subjects. Saliva resistin levels of T2DM are significantly higher than those of nondiabetic controls. Resistin levels in saliva are not affected by eating activity and correlated with serum resistin levels at any time points of OGTT. A positive correlation of serum and salivary resistin with BMI and HOMA-IR existed in T2DM. Measurement of resistin in saliva is a simple, noninvasive and may be an acceptable alternative to blood sampling for evaluatinginflammation/obesity/insulin resistance state.

Serum resistin in older patients with hip fracture: Relationship with comorbidity and biochemical determinants of bone metabolism

ObjectivesTo determine the relationship of serum resistin concentrations to biochemical determinants of bone metabolism, comorbidity and outcomes in patients with hip fracture (HF). MethodsIn 256 consecutive patients (mean age 81.9±7.8years; 71.1% women) serum levels of resistin (determined by ELISA), biochemical parameters of bone turnover and mineral metabolism as well as routine haematological and biochemical parameters were measured. Clinical data were recorded prospectively. ResultsIn multivariate analysis cervical HF (OR=1.81; 95% CI 1.05–3.11), diabetes (OR=2.60; 95% CI 1.23–5.51) and history of stroke (OR=2.67; 95% CI 1.17–6.13) were significant independent predictors of higher resistin levels (⩾16.26ng/ml, median value). The independent correlates of serum resistin levels in patients with cervical HF were serum osteocalcin and magnesium (both negatively associated) and in patients with trochanteric HF, serum PTH, calcium and age (all positively associated). Resistin and glomerular filtration rate were the only independent (inverse) predictors of serum osteocalcin. Resistin levels on admission did not predict short-term outcomes. ConclusionsIn older patients with HF there is a significant association of higher resistin levels with cervical fracture, type 2 diabetes and history of stroke, which is partly influenced by the reciprocal interaction between resistin and osteocalcin. However, the design of the study does not prove causality and further prospective studies are needed to clarify these relationships.

Serum adipokine profiles in Kawasaki disease

Adipokines are cytokines derived from adipose tissue. Recently it has been established that adipokines are closely linked to the pathophysiology of not only metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and atherosclerosis, but also to inflammation and immune diseases. In this study we measured serum levels of adipokines in patients with acute Kawasaki disease to investigate the role of adipokines in the pathophysiology of Kawasaki disease. Serum resistin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a total of 117 subjects: 56 patients with acute Kawasaki disease, 30 healthy children, and 31 patients with acute infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease were significantly higher than those of healthy children and patients with acute infectious diseases. In contrast, mean serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels in patients with Kawasaki disease exhibited no statistically significant differences compared with those in healthy children and patients with infectious diseases. Serum resistin levels decreased significantly after administration of intravenous immune globulin. Serum resistin levels on admission were significantly higher in nonresponders compared with responders to intravenous immune globulin therapy. A multivariate model revealed that C-reactive protein was a factor that was significantly related to elevated serum resistin level in patients with Kawasaki disease. In patients with Kawasaki disease, serum resistin levels were elevated, but decreased to nearly normal after intravenous administration of immune globulin. In contrast, serum HMW adiponectin, leptin, and visfatin levels showed no statistically significant changes. These findings suggest that resistin plays an important role, while other adipokines do not play a major role, in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease.