Serum Oxidative Markers Research Articles

Serum oxidative markers and delta neutrophil index in hyperemesis gravidarum

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between different serum oxidative markers and the delta neutrophil index and hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods: One hundred pregnant women were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups. Group 1 included 50 women with hyperemesis gravidarum, while Group 2 (control group) included 50 pregnant women similar in age, gestational week, and body mass index. Serum oxidative markers and complete blood count inflammatory markers were compared. Results: Native thiol and total thiol were significantly lower in the Group 1 when compared with the control group (P=0.029 for native thiol; P=0.035 for total thiol). Moreover, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and catalase values were significantly higher in the Group 1 than in the control group (P=0.023 for IMA; P=0.021 for catalase). Index1% shows the disulfide/native thiol percent ratio and means that the Group 1 oxidant load is increased but not statistically significant. Myeloperoxidase, ferroxidase, and the delta neutrophil index did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.591, P=0.793, and P=0.52; respectively). Conclusions: According to our study, contrary to the literature, although there are differences in some values, when evaluated individually hyperemesis gravidarum does not impose an extra burden on maternal oxidant-antioxidant balance.

The Efficacy and Safety of GF101 and Its Antioxidant Effect on In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes: A Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority, Randomized, Controlled Trial with Coenzyme Q10.

(1) Background: Oxidative stress adversely affects fertility by impairing oocyte fertilization potential, primarily due to meiotic segregation errors and cohesion loss. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) are prominent antioxidants known to mitigate oxidative damage. (2) Methods: This study recruited 86 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) at a single center for a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, active-comparator-controlled trial. Participants were allocated into two groups: one receiving CoQ10 as an antioxidant (the CoQ10 group) and the other receiving GF Bacillus antioxidative enzyme SOD (the GF101 group). The primary endpoints were changes in serum oxidative markers (SOD and catalase) and IVF outcomes, including clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates. Follicular fluid (FF) SOD and catalase concentrations on the day of retrieval, the metaphase II (MII) oocyte rate, the fertilization rate, and lipid profiles were measured. (3) Results: Initially, 86 patients were enrolled, with 65 completing the protocol (30 in the GF101 group and 34 in the CoQ10 group). There were no significant differences between the GF101 and CoQ10 groups in serum SOD (p = 0.626) and catalase levels (p = 0.061) over 12 weeks. However, within the GF101 group, a significant increase in serum catalase from baseline to 12 weeks was observed (p = 0.004). The non-inferiority analysis for IVF outcomes indicated risk differences in the clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, and miscarriage rate of -6.27% (95% CI: -30.77% to 18.22%), -1.18% (95% CI: -25.28% to 22.93%), and -13.49% (95% CI: -41.14% to 14.15%), respectively, demonstrating non-inferiority for the GF101 group. Furthermore, the GF101 group experienced significant reductions in total cholesterol (p = 0.006) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (p = 0.009) in intra-group comparisons, with both groups exhibiting comparable safe profiles. (4) Conclusions: GF101 may be non-inferior to CoQ10 in treating infertility in women and potentially offers additional benefits for women with dyslipidemia.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in patients with alopecia areata: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Background Alopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition. Aim To evaluate the serum oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity in patients with alopecia areata. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with alopecia areata and 40 healthy controls. The fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, and serum oxidative markers, including advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products, were measured in this study. Also, antioxidant enzymes, including paraoxonase-1, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and serum ferric-reducing antioxidant power, were determined. Results The serum levels of advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of ferric-reducing antioxidant power, paraoxonase-1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase were significantly lower in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001). The mean fasting blood sugar level was significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls. The ferric reducing antioxidant power level was significantly associated with the percentage of hair loss (P = 0.01, r = 0.4) and the serum C-reactive protein level (P = 0.03, r = -0.3) in patients with alopecia areata. Limitations Since the current study had a cross-sectional design, no cause-effect relationship was established between alopecia areata and oxidative stress. The sample size of our study was also small. Conclusion Based on the present results, the oxidant-antioxidant enzymatic system is impaired in alopecia areata due to the increased oxidative products and decreased antioxidant activity.

The Association Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Some Serum Oxidative Stress Markers in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Case- Control.

Purpose:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the serum oxidative stress markers in patients with NAFLD.Methods:In this case-control study, 121 patients with NAFLD and 119 healthy subjects were frequency-matched on gender. DII scores were calculated by using a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples were collected to measure serum oxidative markers. Linear regression and odds ratio (OR) were also used in this study.Results:The mean ± standard deviation of age for case and control group was 38.04 ± 6.7 and 35.6 ± 10.2, respectively. The gender ratio (female to male) for the case and control group was 1:1.42 and 1:1.38, respectively. The mean of the DII in the patient group was significantly higher than the healthy group, (P-values < 0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between TAC and DII (B = -2.63 (95%CI: -4.59, -0.68) and there was also a positive relationship between Malondialdehyde (MDA) and DII (B = 0.15 (95%CI: 0.02, 0.28) in the healthy group, but they were not significant in the case group. After multivariate adjustment, subjects in the most pro-inflammatory DII group had 73 times higher odds of NAFLD compared to subjects in tertile 1 (OR = 72.9; 95%CI (14.3-371.9)).Conclusions:Our findings suggest a direct association between the pro inflammatory properties of diet in patient and healthy group, but no relationship between TAC, MDA, and DII in the case group.

Comparison between phytochemical pentadecylphenol and anticoccidial vaccine in performance, oxidation, inflammation and surface antigen activity of broilers

Abstract The present study aimed to compare the effects of phytochemical pentadecylphenol (PDP) and anticoccidial vaccine on performance, oxidation, inflammation and surface antigen (SAG) activity of broilers. In Experiment 1, 5 treatments with 6 replicates were carried out, consisting of a negative control (NC), vaccination (VAC) with live Eimeria tenella ( E. tenella) vaccine at 1 day of age, and addition of PDP at concentrations of 0.05, 0.10 or 0.20 g/kg feed, respectively, with a total of 600 broiler chicks aged 1 to 21 d. In Experiment 2, 12 birds per replicate from the NC, VAC and PDP treatments were randomly selected after 21 d to establish an E. tenella infection model. The new treatments were positive control (PC) from NC, VAC + infection (VACi), and PDP + infection (PDPi), respectively. All birds received the same diets from 22 to 28 d as in Experiment 1. Birds in treatment PDP had a growth performance similar to those in NC, whereas birds in VAC had lower (p < 0.05) body weight gain. Serum oxidative markers (diamine oxidase, malondialdehyde) and cytokines (interleukin 3, interferon γ) were decreased (p < 0.05) in PDP but increased (p < 0.05) in VAC, indicating that the chronic oxidative and inflammatory status contributes to the negative effect of the vaccine. Results in Experiment II showed that both VAC and PDP protected against coccidiosis by reducing (p < 0.05) oocysts shedding, intestine damage, and bird mortality. Furthermore, in contrast with PC, birds in PDPi and VACi had lower (p < 0.05) transcriptional levels of SAGs (1, 2, 5, 9, 10) but a greater (p < 0.05) SAG4. The dose analysis of PDP showed that 0.10 g/kg was more suitable in growth enhancement and coccidial control. It is concluded that dietary PDP has a anticoccidial efficacy comparable with vaccines and is involved in regulating transcriptional profiles of E. tenella SAGs.

The effects of broccoli and caraway extracts on serum oxidative markers, testicular structure and function, and sperm quality before and after sperm cryopreservation

Despite studies on the effects of medicinal plants on reproductive performance, the effect of extracts broccoli and caraway on serum and testicular oxidative biomarkers, testicular structure and function and sperm quality before and after cryopreservation has not been studied. Sixty-three male mice were divided into nine controlled and treated groups as follow: control, broccoli (200 mg/kg), broccoli (300 mg/kg), caraway (200 mg/kg), caraway (300 mg/kg), broccoli -caraway (200 mg/kg), broccoli (300 mg/kg)-caraway (200 mg/kg), broccoli (200 mg/kg)-caraway (300 mg/kg), broccoli-caraway (300 mg/kg). After 42 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood sample and testicular tissue were collected for biochemical and histological measurements. Sperm quality was also measured before and after cryopreservation. The results showed that the diameter and number of spermatogonium, primary spermatocytes, spermatids and sperm count were significantly increased by broccoli (300 mg/kg), while level of them were significantly decreased by caraway (300 mg/kg) compared to other groups (p < 0.01). Sperm viability and motility after thawing significantly improved by broccoli (300 mg/kg) compared to control. Testosterone levels significantly increased by broccoli (300 mg/kg) compared to control and caraway (300 mg/kg). The serum and testicular SOD and CAT activity significantly increased by broccoli (300 mg/kg) compared to other groups (p < 0.05). MDA and DNA fragmentation levels significantly increased by caraway (200 and 300 mg/kg) compared to others (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that broccoli extract in a dose-dependent manner than caraway extract could improve serum and testes oxidative biomarkers, testicular structure and function, and sperm quality before and after cryopreservation.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Preconditioning Provides Preliminary Protection Against Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is generally recognized to have important cardiotoxic side effects. Studies are contradictory about the interaction between hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy and doxorubicin-induced cardiomyotoxicity. Recent data suggests that HBO2 therapy can lead to preconditioning of myocardium while generating oxidative stress. Herein we have investigated the effect of HBO2 therapy in a DOX-induced cardiomyocyte injury animal model. Twenty-one rats were divided into three equal groups as follows: 1) Group 1 is a control group (without any intervention), used for evaluating the basal cardiac structures and determining the normal value of cardiacs and serum oxidative markers; 2) Group 2 is the doxorubicin group (single dose i.p. 20 mg/kg doxorubicin) for detecting the cardiotoxic and systemic effects of doxorubicin; 3) Group 3 is the doxorubicin and HBO2 group (100% oxygen at 2.5 atmospheric for 90 minutes, daily), for evaluating the effect of HBO2 in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. At the end of the protocols, the hearts were harvested and blood samples (2 ml) were obtained. The doxorubicin treated animals (Group 2) had increased oxidative stress markers (both cardiac and serum) and severe cardiac injury as compared to the basal findings in the control group. Nevertheless, the highest cardiac oxidative stress index was detected in Group 3 (control vs. Group 3, p = 0.01). However, histological examination revealed that cardiac structures were well preserved in Group 3 when compared with Group 2. Our results suggest that HBO2 preconditioning appears to be protective in the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity model. Future studies are required to better elucidate the basis of this preconditioning effect of HBO2.

Influence of intensive multifunctional neuro - rehabilitation on neuronal oxidative damage in patients with Huntington?s disease

The influence of intensive multifunctional neurorehabilitation on serum levels of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as markers of oxidative damage, was evaluated in symptomatic patients with Huntington's disease (HD). Improved clinical outcome measures were observed after neurorehabilitation. Baseline levels of Cu/Zn-SOD, NSE and 8-OHdG were higher than those observed in controls. Cu/Zn-SOD and NSE values decreased after neurorehabilitation, but were still higher than those measured in controls. Cu/Zn-SOD and NSE correlated positively before (r=0.659; p=0.003) and after rehabilitation (r=0.553, p=0.017). 8-OHdG values decreased after neurorehabilitation without reaching significance when compared with baseline values (p=0.145). No correlation was observed between the measured oxidative markers and the assessed clinical outcome measures, either before or after neurorehabilitation. The findings reported in the present paper provide evidence of the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation in reducing oxidative damage in HD patients and underline the limit of serum oxidative markers for the evaluation of clinical features of HD.

Effect of Simulated Microgravity on Salivary and Serum Oxidants, Antioxidants, and Periodontal Status

Microgravity is associated with an increase in peroxidative damage. The effect is more pronounced after long-duration space flights and can even last for several weeks after landing. The objective of the study is to determine the influence of simulated microgravity on the periodontal status and salivary and serum oxidant/antioxidant status of the body in simulated microgravity (-6° head-down-tilt [HDT) bed rest). Twenty healthy male volunteers were studied before and after 60 days of simulated microgravity (-6° HDT bed rest). We measured salivary and serum oxidative markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-oxo-7,8 dihydro-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and vitamins C and E, and clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment level [CAL]). Serum and salivary vitamin C and E concentrations were significantly decreased, whereas MDA and 8-OHdG levels were significantly increased after 60 days of simulated microgravity. Serum and salivary markers showed a strong and significant correlation. CAL and PD were higher but not statistically significant in simulated microgravity. This study suggests that oxidative stress in the microgravity environment was increased but did not significantly influence periodontal parameters after 2 months. Also, this study indicates the possibility that the findings may have a broader clinical relevance to patients on bed rest or who are physically inactive. Studies on larger patient samples and follow-up for a longer time are required to verify the relationship between antioxidant status in the space microgravity condition and periodontal health.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Attenuates Progression of Hepatic Fibrosis with Inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Rats Fed Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with fat accumulation in the liver, and develops to cirrhosis with the progression of hepatic fibrosis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is used to treat hyperlipidemia, and suppresses hepatic fat accumulation. As the effect of EPA on NASH remains unclear, we assessed the therapeutic effect of EPA and its mechanisms in an animal model of NASH. Wistar rats were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 20weeks, and given EPA ethyl ester (EPA-E, 1,000mg/kg/day) or vehicle by gavage from week12, at which hepatic fibrosis has already established. The liver was histologically analyzed for fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression, and hepatic levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), fibrogenic gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and triglyceride (TG) content were determined. Serum oxidative markers were also measured. EPA-E treatment significantly suppressed the MCD-induced increase in fibrotic area of liver sections, with repressed macronodule formation. EPA-E also suppressed increases in hepatic fibrogenic factors, αSMA expression, TGF-β1 level, and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of procollagens and connective tissue growth factor. EPA-E reduced MCD-induced increases in hepatic ROS level, serum oxidative markers, 8-isoprostane and ferritin, and hepatic TG content. Attenuation of hepatic fibrosis by EPA-E was significantly correlated with hepatic ROS level, but not TG content. EPA-E attenuates progression of hepatic fibrosis in developed steatohepatitis, and this effect is likely mediated by inhibition of ROS production. These actions may elicit the therapeutic effect of EPA-E against NASH.

Anti–oxidation actions of curcumin in two forms of bed rest: oxidative stress serum and salivary markers

Objective To determine the preventive effects of curcumin on peroxidative damage under two bed rest conditions. Methods 20 healthy male (10 with curcumin and 10 without curcumin) volunteers were selected. They were studied before, during, and just on bed rest conditions at −6° head-down-tilt (HDT) bed rest and bed rest position (BD) for 10 days. We measured the salivary and serum oxidative markers such as Malonaldehyde, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, vitamin C and E just before HDT & BD, during HDT & BD experiment, and in course time of recovery with curcumin and without curcumin groups. Results The values of serum and salivary vitamin C & E showed statistically significant decrease in both bed rest conditions as compared to those of the conditions before and during the recovery stage. However, these levels were not significantly lowered in curcumin groups in contrast to the groups without curcumin (P>0.05). MDA and 8-OHdG levels showed significant increase in simulating microgravity and zero gravity conditions as compared to those before and in the recovery stage. However, these levels were lower in curcumin groups in contrast to the groups without curcumin(P<0.05). Serum and salivary correlation analysis revealed a strong and highly significant correlation for MDA, vitamin C & E and 8 dihydro-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the conditions before, during and in the recovery periods in both bed rest conditions. Since saliva collection is easy and non-invasive, measurements of salivary marker levels may prove to be useful in the space research. Conclusions Curcumin prevents peroxidative damage in both bed rest conditions. Further study is required on antioxidation actions of curcumin in space microgravity conditions.

Possible action mechanism for curcumin in pre-cancerous lesions based on serum and salivary markers of oxidative stress

Extensive research within the past half-century has indicated that curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a yellow pigment in curry powder, exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-apoptotic activities. We investigated whether the anti-pre-cancer activities assigned to curcumin are mediated through an anti-oxidant and DNA-protecting mechanism. Patients with oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis or lichen planus, and healthy individuals (n = 25 for each group) aged 17-50 years were selected. Salivary and serum oxidative markers such as malonaldehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), vitamins C and E were measured just prior to the intake of curcumin, after one week of curcumin intake and following clinical cure of precancerous lesions. Serum and salivary vitamins C and E showed increases, while MDA and 8-OHdG levels showed decreases in patients with oral leukoplakia, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus after intake of curcumin for all categories of precancerous lesions. The changes in these values were observed to be statistically significant after clinical cure of the disease (P < 0.05). The five-point rating scale for pain, as well as lesion size in oral leukoplakia, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus, improved significantly (P < 0.05). In addition, in submucous fibrosis, mouth opening (P < 0.05) recovered significantly. In oral leukoplakia, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus, the levels of serum and salivary vitamins C and E increased significantly, while MDA and 8-OHdG levels decreased after 131(15), 211(17), and 191(18) days, respectively. Values for serum and salivary vitamins C and E showed a significant decrease in oral leukoplakia, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus, in contrast to healthy individuals, but increased significantly in all groups subsequent to curcumin administration after clinical cure of lesions. Based on these results, we can conclude that curcumin mediates its anti-pre-cancer activities by increasing levels of vitamins C and E, and preventing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage.