Serum MDA Levels Research Articles

Evaluation of vitamin E levels, antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde in women with unexplained infertility

Unexplained infertility is a perplexing disorder. 30% of infertile couples are diagnosed with unexplained infertility with all standard fertility investigations normal. Oxidative stress has been shown to have a negative impact on reproductive function in women with endometriosis and (PCOS) polycystic ovarian syndrome. In another study antioxidant supplementation improved OS induced infertility. Many studies have demonstrated an increase in Malondialdehyde in serum of women with infertility and vitamin E as a protective antioxidant in the body with positive effect on the fertility. There is growing evidence linking OS and unexplained infertility.Based on this knowledge the specific group of unexplained infertile women were chosen to assess their levels of serum antioxidant enzymes, Vitamin E and lipid peroxidation marker. To compare the Levels of Malondialdehyde, Antioxidant enzymes and Vitamin E in the serum of women with unexplained infertility and control group.: Case control study.70 normal ovulatory women who conceived within 12 months of contraceptive free intercourse, and with no history of miscarriage were recruited in the control group. 70 women with unexplained infertility were recruited as study group. All participants included in the study were between 28 and 38 years of age. Serum levels of MDA, Antioxidant enzymes (GST, SOD, Catalase) and Vitamin E concentrations were compared between two groups. Vitamin E concentrations were determined by using High performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant enzymes and MDA were measured by standard spectrophotometric assay.: Data was analysed using SPSS Software. Continuous parameters were analysed using Mann Whitney U test. There is a significant decrease in the vitamin E levels 3.80 ug/ml) in the unexplained infertile group as compared to controls 6.0 ug/ml). All women in the study group showed significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of MDA and lower levels of antioxidant enzymes such as GST, SOD and Catalase as compared to the fertile women. This decrease was found to be significant with p value of <0.05. The study group have a higher oxidative stress status and low level of antioxidants compared to control group. Serial measurement of oxidative stress biomarkers and their defense system may help to understand the aetiology of unexplained infertility and to enhance their chances of conception.

The efficacy of Nigella sativa L. oil on serum biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A parallel triple-arm double-blind randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this double-blind clinical trial was to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa oil on serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Forty-five patients who met the eligibility criteria were randomly divided into three groups with a ratio of 1:1:1. The first group received 2.5 mL oral N. sativa oil twice/day plus placebo topical oil, the second group received 2.5 mL topical N. sativa oil three times/day plus placebo oral oil, and the third group received oral and topical oil placebos. There were no intergroup differences in baseline characteristics. After 6 weeks of supplementation, oral N. sativa caused a significant improvement in the serum levels of hs-CRP (p = .003), MDA (p = .003), and TAC (p = .001). Oral N. sativa oil compared to placebo (aMD (95% CI): -0.81 (-1.45 to -0.19); p = .012) and topical N. sativa oil [aMD (95% CI): -0.76 (-1.38 to -0.15); p = .016] significantly reduced hs-CRP serum levels. Significant improvements were observed in the general, physical, and mental health subscales in the oral and topical N. sativa oil compared to the placebo group (p < .05). The six-week oral N. sativa oil supplementation was effective in improving inflammatory biomarkers in knee OA. Both oral and topical N. sativa oil increased the quality of life.

EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN B1 ON THE HAEMATOLOGY, TESTES, AND LUNGS OF ADULT MALE RATS: A PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY

Background: Aflatoxins are food-contaminating metabolites that can intoxicate and damage multiple organs. This study compared the effects of aflatoxin powder (AFB) and aflatoxin liquid (AFS) administrations on the testes and lungs of rats and elaborated their potential activity mechanisms.Methods: Fifteen rats were equally divided into 3 groups. The AFB and AFS groups were orally administered with aflatoxin B1 powder (0.5 mg/kg) and aflatoxin B1 liquid (0.5 mg/kg) for 21 days. The control group was fed on a basal pellet diet and water. The body weights of the rats were measured at the beginning of the trial and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days. Blood samples were withdrawn at the end of the experiments and examined for complete blood count (CBC) [red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin content, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelet, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, basophil, and eosinophil counts]. The levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, e.g. malonaldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and serum testosterone were determined. Testes and lungs were examined under a light microscope to assess the aflatoxin B1-induced histopathological changes.Results: The weight gain and its percentages were significantly high in the AFS group than AFB group (P &lt;0.050). Neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and basophil counts were also significantly increased in AFB and AFS groups in comparison to the controls. A significant increase in eosinophil count was noted in the AFB group as compared to controls whereas lymphocyte count remained significantly high in the AFS group than AFB group. Testosterone serum levels significantly decreased in both groups (AFB and AFS) as compared to the control group. MDA and NO serum levels were also significantly high in the AFS group than the AFB group whereas the levels of both groups (AFB and AFS) were higher than in controls. Histological examinations of the testes revealed severe testicular damage, loss of the spermatogenesis process, necrosis, degeneration, shrinkage, and atrophy of seminiferous tubules in both AFB and AFS groups. Histological observations of the lungs depicted large numbers of inflammatory cells, mast cell infiltration, dilated alveolar sacs with exudates, and marked hemorrhages in both groups (AFB and AFS). The histological damages of the testes and lungs were more prominent in the AFS group than AFB group.Conclusion: The results demonstrated elevated oxidative stress markers and reduced serum testosterone levels in AFB and AFS-treated rats. Both studied organs (testes and lung) were severely damaged with more obvious changes in AFS treated group than in AFB treated group.

Evaluation of The Effect of Fisetin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Myelosuppression and Oxidative Stress in Male Albino Rats

Myelosuppression is a serious disease that is related to the malfunction of blood cells production that leads to cytopenia which is the most serious hematologic toxicity of cancer chemotherapies including cyclophosphamide, which is a strong oxazaphosphorine [a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent] that can be used alone or combined with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of different malignant diseases. It induces severe bone marrow suppression by damaging hematopoietic stem cells through the generation of oxidative stress. Fisetin is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound with a wide range of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, osteoprotective, antidiabetic, and anti-carcinogenic activities. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of fisetin alone and pretreatment with cyclophosphamide on some selected hematological and oxidative stress parameters in the male rats model. Animals were randomly divided into 4 groups each with 7 rats. The first group received 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control group). The second group received oral fisetin. The third group received a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of cyclophosphamide (CP) and the fourth group received fisetin for 7 constitutive days than a single IP injection of CP on day 7. Results showed that both fisetin and CP significantly reduced the total white blood cells and platelet counts compared to such counts in negative control/Group I (P&lt;0.05) when each administered alone and in combination. Furthermore, results viewed that fisetin significantly increased GSH and SOD1, and decrease MDA levels in serum compared to such levels in CP (Group III) rats (P&lt;0.05). The study concluded that the administration of fisetin alone causes leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and this decrease augmented in combination with CP; while exhibiting a strong antioxidant effect against CP induced-oxidative stress.

Repurposing alagebrium for diabetic foot ulcer healing: Impact on AGEs/NFκB/NOX1 signaling

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common diabetic complication associated with disability and reduced quality of life. Available therapeutics are not sufficient to combat the spread of DFU. Here we aim to investigate the impact of alagebrium, an advanced glycation end product (AGE)-crosslink breaker, on the healing of DFU. MethodsDiabetes was induced in Wistar rats by STZ, and after four weeks, wound was induced on the foot. Alagebrium (10 mg/kg) was administered orally for 14 days, and wound size was measured every 3 days. Behavioral tests i.e., hot plate and footprint tests, were performed to assess sensory function and gait. Blood was collected to assess HbA1c, serum AGEs, MDA and NOX1. Tissue was collected to assess histological changes and expression of NF-κB, iNOS, TNF-α, VEGF and EGF. In a subsequent set of experiments with similar design, alagebrium was applied topically as a film-forming gel. ResultsSystemic alagebrium treatment accelerated the healing of diabetic wound, improved sensory functions and gait, and ameliorated histological changes. It also reduced serum levels of AGEs, MDA and NOX1, and the tissue expression of NF-κB, iNOS, TNF-α, and increased VEGF and EGF in diabetic rats. Topical alagebrium led to similar beneficial effects i.e., accelerated diabetic wound healing, improved wound histological changes, reduced expression of NF-κB and iNOS and increased VEGF. ConclusionsOur findings suggest repurposing of alagebrium for the management of DFU to accelerate the healing process and improve the clinical outcomes in diabetic patients.

Nutritional Composition and Anti-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Potential of Femur Bone Extracts from Bovine, Chicken, Sheep, and Goat: Phytochemical and In Vivo Studies.

Nutritional deficits in one's diet have been established as the key risk factor for T2DM in recent years. Nutritional therapy has been demonstrated to be useful in treating T2DM. The current study was carried out to assess the nutritional composition of bovine (12 months), chicken (4 months), sheep (13 months), and goat (9 months) femur bone extracts, as well as their potential therapeutic effects on T2DM regression in a Wistar albino rat model (500 mg/kg b.wt.). The proximate composition of the different extracts, their fatty acid composition, their amino acids, and their mineral contents were identified. In vivo data indicated considerably improved T2DM rats, as seen by lower serum levels of TL, TG, TC, ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, IL-6, TNF-α, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and MDA. Low levels of HDL-C, GSH, and total proteins were restored during this study. Histological investigations of liver and pancreatic tissue revealed that the distribution of collagen fibers was nearly normal. The bovine extract, on the other hand, was the most active, followed by the sheep, goat, and finally chicken extract. This research could result in the creation of a simple, noninvasive, low-cost, and reliable method for T2DM control, paving the way for potential early therapeutic applications in T2DM control.

Detection the severity of organophosphate intoxication using sensitive serum biomarkers S100B and amyloid β (Aβ) in Egyptian subjects

Organophosphate (OP) is a compound considered the main leading cause of morbidity and mortality from poisoning worldwide. Serum pseudocholinesterase was evaluated as a diagnostic indicator; it cannot be used to monitor therapy or severity of the intoxication. The rationale of the current study was to evaluate sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values of serum S100B and amyloid β for neurological affection severity. This study was carried out on sixty OP-impaired patients; in addition, 20 normal controls were included. Serum liver and kidney function tests, malondialdehyde, pseudocholinesterase, and the levels of S100B and amyloid β (Aβ) were determined. Data showed that Pearson’s analysis indicated that the serum level of S100B was positively correlated with Aβ. On the contrary, the activity of pseudocholinesterase was negatively correlated with both of S100B and Aβ. Serum ALT, AST, creatinine, urea, acetylcholine, and MDA levels were elevated while pseudocholinesterase activity was reduced in moderate and severe OP intoxication versus control. A drastic elevation (p<0.001) in the levels of S100B and Aβ was performed in the patient group suffering from OP intoxication versus the normal group. The diagnostic statistical validation of targeted parameters in distinguishing between moderate OP intoxication and control clarifies that S100B displayed the best AUC (0.997) followed by Aβ (AUC=0.992), while the diagnostic veracity of S100B and Aβ in setting apart severe OP-intoxicated and normal subjects stated the symmetric efficacy of potential markers. It was concluded that the significant changes in the levels of S100B and Aβ were directly proportional to the degree of severity of OP intoxication.

Oxidative stress mediates hippocampal neuronal apoptosis through ROS/JNK/P53 pathway in rats with PTSD triggered by high-voltage electrical burn.

The pathogenesis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) triggered by high-voltage electrical burn (HVEB) remains unclear and the oxidative stress plays a role in this process. The purpose of this study is to investigate the underlying mechanism of oxidative stress mediates hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in rats with PTSD triggered by HVEB. The PTSD rat model was developed by stimulating with high voltage electricity and screened using behavioral performance including Morris water maze (MWM), elevated plus-maze (EPM) and open-field test (OFT). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by DHE fluorescence staining or flow cytometry. Western blotting assay was used to detect the proteins of p-JNK, JNK, P53, PUMA, Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampal tissue or HT22 cells treated with electrical stimulation. The serum MDA and 8-OHdG levels were increased (P < 0.001), while the activities of SOD and CAT were decreased (P < 0.001) significantly in patients with HVEB. Behavioral test results showed that high-voltage electric stimulation induced the PTSD-like symptoms and the ROS-JNK-P53 pathway was involved in the neuronal apoptosis in rats with PTSD induced by HVEB. In vitro experiments further confirmed the electrical stimulation induced neuronal apoptosis through ROS/JNK/P53 signaling pathway and the antioxidant NAC could rescued the ROS generation, activation of JNK/P53 proteins and improved the cell apoptosis rate in HT22 cells. Finally, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 could significantly inhibited the percentage of HT22 cell apoptosis induced by electrical stimulation (P < 0.001). These results indicated that oxidative stress mediates hippocampal neuronal apoptosis through ROS/JNK/P53 pathway in rats with PTSD triggered by HVEB.

KARACİĞER İSKEMİ VE REPERFÜZYON HASARINDA KALP DOKUSUNDA MEYDANA GELEN HASARIN ÖNLENMESİNDE TAKSİFOLİN’İN KORUYUCU ETKİNLİĞİ: DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA

Aim: Liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is a serious, irreversible health problem in clinical practice. Taxifolin (Tax) is an easy to obtain and use agent found in maritime pine bark, Douglas fir bark and Siberian larch wood. In this study, we examined the protective efficacy of Taxifolin in the correction of cardiac tissue damage that may develop in liver I/R damage. Methods: In our study, a total of 28 Wistar Albino rats, 8-10 weeks old, weighing 250-300 grams, were used. Group 1 (n=7): control group, Group 2 (n=7): Tax group with 50 mg/kg dose orally for 3 weeks, Group 3 (n=7): Liver I/R group for 30 minutes ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion were performed. Group 4 (n=7): Tax+Liver I/R group. Results: In our study, MDA analysis was performed to evaluate oxidative stress. In the statistical analysis of MDA values, we observed that there was a statistically significant difference between the serum MDA values of the Tax group and the Tax+Liver I/R group, and the MDA level of the Tax group was lower (p&amp;lt;0.05). In myocyte damage scoring, we observed that the liver I/R group had the highest damage score, while the damage score of the Tax+Liver I/R group was significantly lower than the I/R group (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: As a result of our study, we observed that there was an increase in serum MDA levels as a result of liver I/R and histopathological changes occurred in the heart tissue. However, Taxifolin has been successful in ameliorating this situation.

Correlation Between Oxidative Stress, SIRT1 Serum Level, and eGFR on Elderly

The aging network kidney causes Oxidative Stress (OS) and damages the kidney. Studies of aging kidneys keep going growing by developing sirtuin as an antiaging. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a protein implicated in several disorders including diabetes functions as an anti-aging protein. Decreased eGFR in the elderly caused by his height prevalence factor risk disease kidney at an older age. The study aims to study the correlation between oxidative stress, SIRT1 serum levels, and eGFR in the elderly. The method used in this research is observational with the cross-sectional method. The sample in this study was the whole elderly who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, totaling 30 people. Exclusion criteria are patients with glomerulonephritis, nephropathy obstruction, nephropathy sour veins, and obesity. All patients complied requirements asked to fill informed consent form. The inspection was carried out by urinalysis ultrasound kidney and assessing serum MDA levels which were found to be higher in this study. This study showed SIRT1 and eGFR levels decreased in the elderly. There was a negative correlation with moderate correlation strength between serum MDA levels and serum SIRT1 levels and a strong correlation between serum MDA levels and eGFR in the elderly. There was a positive correlation with a moderate correlation between serum SIRT1 levels and eGFR in the elderly. SIRT1 is suggested to be examined in elderly patients with decreased eGFR, even without comorbidity.

Antihyperglycemic effect of extra virgin sacha inchi oil in type 2 diabetic rats: Mechanisms involved in pancreatic β-cell function and apoptosis

Background and aimThe purpose of the study was to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of extra virgin sacha inchi oil (EVSIO) and its possible mechanisms and actions against pancreatic β-cell death and dysfunction in type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats. Experimental procedureT2D rats were induced with a high-fat diet and low-dose of streptozotocin. The rats were then treated for 5 weeks with EVSIO (0.5, 1, and 2 ml/kg), or pioglitazone. Biochemical and histopathological studies, oxidative and inflammatory markers, and expression of apoptotic-related proteins were then evaluated. ResultsEVSIO treatment exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of fasting blood glucose, area under the curve of glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the diabetic rats, while improved pancreatic β-function was demonstrated by increasing pancreatic and serum insulin levels. EVSIO treatment effectively lowered atrophic pancreatic islets and reduced the level of serum and pancreatic MDA in the diabetic rats. In addition to serum and pancreatic GPx activities in the diabetic rats, EVSIO also augmented serum SOD. Increased levels of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6 present in the diabetic rats were greatly reduced by EVSIO treatment. Furthermore, EVSIO revealed an anti-apoptotic effect on the diabetic rat pancreas by upregulating Bcl-2, and downregulating Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. ConclusionThe overall study results demonstrated the potential anti-hyperglycemic effect of EVSIO in the diabetic rats. The beneficial effects of EVSIO may be attributed to its ability to improve pancreatic β-cell function and ameliorate β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines.

Antidiabetic effects of polyherbal mixture made of Centaurium erythraea, Cichorium intybus and Potentilla erecta

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe polyherbal mixture made of Centaurium erythraea aerial parts and Cichorium intybus roots and Potentilla erecta rhizomes has been used for centuries to treat both the primary and secondary complications of diabetes. Aim of the studyAs a continuation of our search for the most effective herbal mixture used as an ethnopharmacological remedy for diabetes, this study aimed to compare the in vitro biological activities of this polyherbal mixture and its individual ingredients, and, most importantly, to validate the ethnopharmacological value of the herbal mixture through evaluation of its phytochemical composition, its potential in vivo toxicity and its effect on diabetes complications. Materials and methodsPhytochemical analysis was performed using HPLC-UV. Antioxidant activity was estimated via the DPPH test. Potential cytotoxicity/anticytotoxicity was assessed using an in vitro RBCs antihemolytic assay and an in vivo sub-chronic oral toxicity method. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated using an in vitro α-amylase inhibition assay and in vivo using a chemically induced diabetic rat model. ResultsThe HPLC-UV analysis revealed the presence of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivative, catechin, five catechin derivatives, epicatechin, isoquercetin, hyperoside, rutin, four quercetin derivatives, caffeic acid, and four caffeic acid derivatives in the polyherbal mixture decoction. Treatment with the decoction has shown no toxic effects. The antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of the polyherbal mixture were higher than the reference's ones. Its antidiabetic activity was high in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Fourteen days of treatment with the decoction (15 g/kg) completely normalized blood glucose levels of diabetic animals, while treatments with insulin and glimepiride only slightly lowered glycemic values. In addition, lipid status of treated animals as well as levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea and MDA were completely normalized. In addition, the polyherbal mixture completely restored the histopathological changes of the liver, kidneys and all four Cornu ammonis regions of the hippocampus. ConclusionsThe polyherbal mixture was effective in the prevention of both primary and secondary diabetic complications such as hyperlipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nephropathy and neurodegeneration.

Resveratrol Mitigates Bisphenol A-Induced Metabolic Disruptions: Insights from Experimental Studies.

The aim of this study was to investigate the disruptions of metabolic pathways induced by bisphenol A (BPA) and explore the potential therapeutic intervention provided by resveratrol (RSV) in mitigating these disruptions through the modulation of biochemical pathways. Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: group 1 served as the control, group 2 received 70 mg/Kg of BPA, and group 3 received 70 mg/kg of BPA along with 100 mg/Kg of RSV. After the treatment period, various biomarkers and gene expressions were measured to assess the effects of BPA and the potential protective effects of RSV. The results revealed that BPA exposure significantly increased the serum levels of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, G6PC, insulin, HbA1c, HMG-CoA reductase, FFAs, TGs, DPP-4, MDA, and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Concurrently, BPA exposure led to a reduction in the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as GLUT4 and HDL cholesterol. However, the administration of RSV along with BPA significantly ameliorated these alterations in the biomarker levels induced through BPA exposure. RSV treatment effectively reduced the elevated levels of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, G6PC, insulin, HbA1c, HMG-CoA reductase, FFAs, TGs, DPP-4, MDA, and proinflammatory cytokines, while increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes, GLUT4, and HDL cholesterol. Furthermore, BPA exposure suppressed the mRNA expression of glucokinase (GCK), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and up-regulated the mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which are all critical biomarkers involved in glucose metabolism and insulin regulation. In contrast, RSV treatment effectively restored the altered mRNA expressions of these biomarkers, indicating its potential to modulate transcriptional pathways and restore normal metabolic function. In conclusion, the findings of this study strongly suggest that RSV holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for BPA-induced metabolic disorders. By mitigating the disruptions in various metabolic pathways and modulating gene expressions related to glucose metabolism and insulin regulation, RSV shows potential in restoring normal metabolic function and counteracting the adverse effects induced by BPA exposure. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and optimize the dosage and duration of RSV treatment for maximum therapeutic benefits.

Chitosan Oligosaccharides Alleviate Heat-Stress-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders by Suppressing the Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in the Liver of Broilers.

Heat stress has been reported to induce hepatic oxidative stress and alter lipid metabolism and fat deposition in broilers. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs), a natural oligosaccharide, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects. This study is conducted to evaluate dietary COS supplementation on hepatic anti-oxidant capacity, inflammatory response, and lipid metabolism in heat-stressed broilers. The results indicate that heat-stress-induced poor (p < 0.05) growth performance and higher (p < 0.05) abdominal adiposity are alleviated by COS supplementation. Heat stress increases (p < 0.05) serum AST and ATL activity, serum and liver MDA, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels, and the expression of hepatic IL-1β, IL-6, SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS, while it decreases (p < 0.05) serum SOD and CAT activity, liver GSH-Px and SOD activity, and the expression of hepatic Nrf2, GPX1, IL-10, MTTP, PPARα, and CPT1. Nevertheless, COS supplementation decreases (p < 0.05) serum AST and ATL activity, serum and liver MDA, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels, and the expression of hepatic IL-1β, IL-6, SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS, while it increases (p < 0.05) serum SOD and CAT activity, liver GSH-Px activity, and the expression of hepatic Nrf2, CAT, IL-10, LPL, MTTP, PPARα, and CPT1. In conclusion, COS could alleviate heat-stress-induced lipid metabolism disorders by enhancing hepatic anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity.

Comparing steamed and wine-stewed Rehmanniae Radix in terms of Yin-nourishing effects via metabolomics and microbiome analysis.

Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP), the processed root of Rehmannia glutinosa, has been widely used to treat Yin deficiency syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine. RRP is available in two forms: processed by steaming with water (SRR) or processed by stewing with yellow rice wine (WRR). Previous work has documented chemical differences in the secondary metabolomes and glycomes of SRR and WRR. This study aimed to compare SRR and WRR in terms of Yin-nourishing effects via metabolomics and microbiome analysis. ICR mice were orally administered with thyroxine for 14d to induce Yin deficiency. Changes in biochemical indices and histopathology were detected. Serum metabolomics analysis and microbial 16S rRNA sequencing were performed to compare the therapeutic effects and mechanisms between SRR and WRR in treating thyroxine-induced Yin deficiency. Both SRR and WRR decreased serum T3, T4 and MDA levels, and increased SOD activity. SRR more effectively decreased serum Cr, and ameliorated kidney injury, while WRR showed better regulation on ratio of cAMP/cGMP and serum TSH, and relieved thyroid injury. Both SRR and WRR regulated tyrosine, glycerophospholipid, and linoleic acid metabolism and the citric acid cycle. Additionally, SRR regulated fatty acid metabolism, while WRR influenced alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis. SRR significantly enriched the genera Staphylococcus and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiome, while WRR significantly enriched the genera Akkermansia, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides, and decreased the abundance of Lactobacillus. SRR displayed better protective effects on kidney, while WRR showed stronger effects on thyroid in thyroxine-induced Yin deficient mice. These differences might be due to different regulating effects of SRR and WRR on the metabolome and gut microbiota.

Value of serum TGF-β1, IGF-1, MDA and SOD levels in predicting avascular necrosis of femoral head after PRP combined with internal fixation for femoral neck fracture

Value of serum TGF-β1, IGF-1, MDA and SOD levels in predicting avascular necrosis of femoral head after PRP combined with internal fixation for femoral neck fracture

Relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and micronuclei scoring as a biomarker for DNA damage in Egyptian nicotine-dependent smokers: A cross-sectional study

Background/aim About one-fifth of cancer deaths are caused by tobacco smoking. Nicotine-related DNA damage is thought to be the result of oxidative stress, whereas DNA damage can be represented in the form of binucleated micronuclei (BMNi). The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and micronuclei scoring in nicotine-dependent smokers. Subjects and methods The present study enrolled 112 Egyptian male participants, of which 45 nicotine-dependent smokers matched with 67 nonsmokers. All participants have been clinically evaluated and investigated for oxidative stress biomarkers, cytogenetic analysis of BMNi, and urinary cotinine creatinine ratio concentration. Results The smokers showed significantly higher mean values of the serum malondialdehayde concentration (P&lt;0.05), and lower mean values of both reduced glutathione concentration and the serum total antioxidant capacity (P&lt;0.05) in comparison to the nonsmokers. Moreover, the smokers showed significantly higher mean values of binucleated micronuclei score (P&lt;0.05) than the nonsmokers. The linear regression model predicted that each increase in the serum malondialdehyde by 1 nmol/ml could increase the BMNi score by 2.7. On the other side, it is predicted that each decrease in the age of starting smoking by a year could be associated with a decrease in the plasma level of reduced glutathione by 0.5 mg/dl. Conclusion Serum level of MDA is a reliable tool to predict the binucleated micronuclei score in smokers. It is suggested that smoking at earlier ages worsens the natural antioxidant defense system. Smoking cessation and the use of supplementary antioxidants by smokers may regress the oxidative stress-induced DNA-damage.

The Impact of Citrus Bergamot Extract on Hemato- Biochemical, Inflammatory and Oxidative stress Parameters Induced by Acute Amikacin Toxicity in male Albino Rats

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; One of the most efficient aminoglycoside is amikacin. Yet, it has been linked to unwanted renal toxicity, which has resulted in negative alterations in various biochemical indicators, particularly those related to oxidative stress, kidney function, and inflammation. The goal of this research was to see how citrus bergamot extract affected hemato-biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in male rats triggered by acute amikacin toxicity.A total of 30 male rats were divided into five equal groups, each with six rats. The first group received 1 ml DW orally and its represent control group. Group 1 was given 1 ml of DW orally and I.P. AK (1.2 gm/kg) on day seven. Group 2 was given 100 mg/kg CBE orally for ten days. Groups (3) and (4) were given 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of CBE, respectively, orally for ten days. On the seventh day of the experiments, I.P. AK (1.2 gm/kg) was given to the test groups. At the end of the trial, blood samples were used to assess oxidative stress, renal function, inflammatory markers, and some hemato-biochemical parameters.Significantly higher levels of serum MDA, IL-6, urea, and creatinine, and an adversely affect lipid profile, are indications of AK-induced nephrotoxicity. Supplementation of CBE attenuated AK-induced change in these biomarkers.It was concluded that CBE supplementation protects against the nephrotoxic effects of AK because to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipemic properties.

The Effect of Organic Hawthorn (Crataegus tanacetifolia) Fruit Vinegar Supplement on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Some Serum Parameters in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Cyclic Heat Stress

Background: This study, it was aimed to determine the effects of adding organic hawthorn (Crataegus tanacetifolia) fruit vinegar (HFV) in different doses to the drinking water of broiler chickens reared under cyclic heat stress (CHS) on performance, carcass characteristics and some serum parameters. Methods: In the study, 300 one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308), after a 1-week acclimation period, were tested in two different (24 and 35°C) ambient temperatures and three different HFV levels (0, 2 and 4 ml/L) according to the 2x3 factorial experimental design. Chicks were randomly distributed to 6 experimental groups with 5 replications, with 10 animals in each replication. The addition of organic HFV to the drinking water of broiler chickens subjected to CHS didn’t affect growth performance, carcass characteristics and visceral weight (P greater than 0.05). Addition of HFV increased serum FFA level, decreased serum MDA, HDL and TAG levels (p less than 0.05) and did not affect other serum parameters (P greater than 0.05) in CHS-treated groups. Result: As a result, it was concluded that the addition of HFV to the drinking water of broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress did not have any negative effect on growth performance, carcass characteristics and visceral weights, but it could be beneficial in preventing lipid peroxidation.

Effects of topical doxycycline on serum prooxidant marker levels in periodontal disease: A pilot study

The aim of this study is to determine the changes in the serum levels of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, as indicators of oxidative stress, in response to periodontal treatment adyuvanted with topical doxycycline. Methods: Thirty four patients with periodontal disease were studied (DOX group n=16; Control group n=18), determining the serum levels of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in urine at baseline and three months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Results: We observed a slight trend to decrease in 8-OHdG urine levels after periodontal treatment, being this decrease greater in the DOX group (t1: 9.64 ± 7.18 μg/g; t0: 9.84 ± 3.01 μg/g) than in the control group (t1: 8.79 ± 4.08 μg/g; t0: 8.82 ± 4.01 μg/g). However, these changes were not statistically significant. No changes in serum levels of MDA were observed after periodontal treatment. BOP was positively correlated with 8-OHdG, in the DOX group (r = 0.563, p = 0.018). Conclusion: Periodontitis, as a local inflammatory disease, can cause an increase in oxidative stress, thus opening the way to new therapeutic strategies, while exploring novel strategies for modulating the host response.