Serum Inorganic Phosphorus Levels Research Articles

Serum inorganic phosphorus levels in eunuchism and in feeble-minded states.

Serum inorganic phosphorus (SIP) concentration was typically and significantly higher in a series of 58 eunuchs than in 50 intact males of comparable age, mental status and environment. Throughout the entire span of age under study, 18 to 79 years, values were higher in eunuchs than in the intact control series, indicating that the waning testicular secretions of middle-aged and old men are adequate to depress the level of SIP. Values for SIP concentration decreased with age in eunuchs. Therefore, in the absence of the restraint exerted by testicular secretions, SIP did not escape in old subjects to levels that were as high as in young adults. As tested in eunuchs 20 to 39 years of age, two decades in which mean levels of SIP were similar, values for SIP were not significantly related to duration of the castrate state (three to twenty-five years) or age at orchiectomy (12 to 29 years). SIP values were not correlated significantly with those for secondaiy sex characters or for other structures and function...

Serum inorganic phosphorus levels in males and females at progressive ages, with concomitant measurements of urinary ketosteroids and androgens in men.

The level of serum inorganic phosphorus (SIP) has been observed to increase after castration of young adult males (1). As tested in 9 subjects, the mean change reached statistically significant levels within fifteen days following orchiectomy and persisted for four years, at which time the study was discontinued. Six of the 9 subjects exhibited marked increases in SIP; the remaining 3 along with 3 males in another series, had high values prior to castration, and removal of their testes resulted either in only slight elevation of the SIP level or a decrease after three or four years.

Chronic renal disease with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

A WELL-DOCUMENTED case of renal disease in an adult with marked secondary hyperparathyroidism and metastatic calcinosis is of sufficient rarity and interest to warrant publication. A distinction between primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism is not always simple, for primary hyperparathyroidism in late phases of the disease may effect the renal function to such an extent as to reverse its originally characteristic calcium-phosphorus balance. In primary hyperparathyroidism one expects low serum inorganic phosphorus and high serum calcium and phosphatase levels with increased output of calcium in the urine, whereas in hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal insufficiency with nitrogen retention phosphate is retained by the kidney, the serum inorganic phosphorus level is elevated, and the calcium level is low. If in the course of longstanding primary hyperparathyroidism renal calcinosis or lithiasis becomes sufficiently severe to interfere with renal function, the originally low phosphorus blood level may eventually rise, the calcium level fall, and the

THE EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE ON THE INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS LEVELS IN THE PLASMA1

The fact that the hypophysis may play an important role in the control of inorganic phosphorus in the animal has been known for some time. Kobayashi (1931) and Schijo (1934) have shown that hypophysectomy in dogs causes a reduction of the inorganic phosphorus of the blood. Irradiation of the rabbit’s pituitary also brought about a decrease in blood phosphorus (Cannavo and Beninato, 1934). In rats, the removal of the pituitary reduces markedly the serum inorganic phosphorus level (Anderson and Castler, 1938; Jones and Shinowara, 1942). The earlier work of Teel and Watkins (1929) indicated that anterior pituitary extract produced an increase of inorganic phosphorus in the blood of dogs. These results were later extended by Gerschman and Marenzi (1935) who found that the blood inorganic phosphorus level changes from 4.25 mg. to 7.88 mg. per cent as the result of pituitary extract injections.

INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF THE SERUM IN SHOCK

In a recent study of experimental crush injuries great elevation of creatine in the blood and the urine was observed. 1 This elevation was believed to arise chiefly from injury to skeletal muscle. Since at least a large part of the creatine in muscle exists in combination with phosphoric acid, it seemed likely that inorganic phosphate would also be liberated. Accordingly, the levels of serum inorganic phosphorus were determined for several animals subjected to these injuries and were found to be strikingly high. A more detailed study, including shock produced by other methods, was then undertaken. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD Dogs were used in all experiments. Anesthesia was produced by the subcutaneous injection of 0.030 Gm. of morphine sulfate followed thirty minutes later by the intravenous injection of soluble pentobarbital U. S. P. (pentobarbital sodium) in doses of 0.02 Gm. per kilogram of body weight. Subsequent injections of 0.006 Gm. per kilogram