Series Of Rows Research Articles

Stripe Sensitive Convolution for Omnidirectional Image Dehazing.

The haze in a scenario may affect the 360 photo/video quality and the immersive 360 ° virtual reality (VR) experience. The recent single image dehazing methods, to date, have been only focused on plane images. In this work, we propose a novel neural network pipeline for single omnidirectional image dehazing. To create the pipeline, we build the first hazy omnidirectional image dataset, which contains both synthetic and real-world samples. Then, we propose a new stripe sensitive convolution (SSConv) to handle the distortion problems due to the equirectangular projections. The SSConv calibrates distortion in two steps: 1) extracting features using different rectangular filters and, 2) learning to select the optimal features by a weighting of the feature stripes (a series of rows in the feature maps). Subsequently, using SSConv, we design an end-to-end network that jointly learns haze removal and depth estimation from a single omnidirectional image. The estimated depth map is leveraged as the intermediate representation and provides global context and geometric information to the dehazing module. Extensive experiments on challenging synthetic and real-world omnidirectional image datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of SSConv, and our network attains superior dehazing performance. The experiments on practical applications also demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the 3-D object detection and 3-D layout performances for hazy omnidirectional images.

Front Row Series 2: Andy Beck on AI

Front Row Series 2: Andy Beck on AI

Front Row Series 2: Daphne Koller on AI

Front Row Series 2: Daphne Koller on AI

Front Row Series 2: AI in Drug Discovery and Development

Front Row Series 2: AI in Drug Discovery and Development

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОСЕВА И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ РАСТЕНИЙ СОИ СЕВЕРНОГО ЭКОТИПА ПРИ РАЗНЫХ СПОСОБАХ ПОСЕВА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ СРЕДНЕГО ПОВОЛЖЬЯ

The studies were carried out in order to study the effect of the row spacing on the formation of the structure and productivity of plants of the early maturing soybean of Milyausha variety. In a field experiment on gray forest soils with a weakly acidic reaction and a humus content of 3.21 ... 3.83%, two sowing methods were compared: continuous sowing with a distance between rows of 15 cm and a series of rows - 30 cm. In the conditions of Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan in dry years (2016, 2018), the duration of the growing season of the variety did not depend on the sowing methods and was 89 ... 91 days. With a moderate temperature regime and abundant precipitation (2017), with row sowing with a row spacing of 15 cm, it increased up to 105 days, in the variant with a row spacing of 30 cm - up to 109 days. An increase in the duration of the period from sowing to emergence of seedlings with a lack of heat led to a decrease in field germination according to the variants of the experiment to 70.0 ... 72.5%, plant survival - to 57.5 ... 66.0%. The maximum field germination in the experiment (95.0 and 85.0%), safety (98.2 and 94.1%) and plant survival (93.3 and 80.0%) were noted in 2018 with a high sum of air temperatures above 10 ° C and moderate moisture (total precipitation 102 mm) during the growing season. In the variant with a row spacing of 30 cm, the mass of seeds per plant in arid conditions was higher than with continuous sowing, by 2.2 ... 2.7, and in conditions of excessive moisture - by 1.7 times. An increase in the mass of seeds provided an increase in branching, the number of beans and seeds per plant. In terms of productivity and yield per unit area, there were no significant differences between the options for sowing methods. The maximum realization of the potential of productivity (289.1 and 314.7 g / m2) and yield (2.78 and 2.81 t / ha) in the experiment was achieved with the duration of the growing season 105 and 109 days (2017)

DETERMINATION OF THE STRAIN HARDENING LAW OF ELECTROLITIC COPPER PROCESSED BY WIREDARWING

In the industrial process of multi-stage sequential drawing, the previously annealed wire is passed through a series of rows arranged consecutively by means of a traction system, progressively reducing its section while its length increases, causing the metal to harden. In the present work a complete study of the material has been made, before and during the multi-stage wiredrawing process, to know the evolution of its main mechanical properties when being processed by drawing in successive stages. The results obtained have allowed to establish a hardening law with great utility to predict the plastic behaviour of this metal when it is transformed by this process. The study has been completed with a series of FEM simulations performed on the method of finite element analysis which have allowed to implement the behaviour law established from the experimental work and analyze the sequential process by numerical method. Key Words: wire drawing, electrolytic copper, finite element method, mechanical properties, strain hardening

Low cost microfluidic cell culture array using normally closed valves for cytotoxicity assay

A reusable low cost microfluidic cell culture array device (MCCAD) integrated with a six output concentration gradient generator (cGG) and 4×6 arrays of microchamber elements, addressed by a series of row and columnar pneumatically actuated normally closed (NC) microvalves was fabricated for cell-based screening of chemotherapeutic compounds. The poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) device consists of three layers: fluidic, control and membrane which are held by surface contact and made leak-proof by clamping pressure. The NC valves are actuated by a thick PDMS membrane that was created by a novel method based on the self-assembly of PDMS pre-polymer molecules over a denser calcium chloride solution. The membrane actuated the valves reliably and particulates such as alumina particles (3µm) and MCF-7 cells (20–24µm) (2×105cells/mL) were flowed through the valves without causing blockage or leakage and consequently avoiding contamination of the different cell culture elements.The MCCAD was cast and assembled in a standard laboratory without specialist equipment and demonstrated for performing quantitative cell-based cytotoxicity assays of pyocyanine on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells and assessed for toxic effect on human hepatocyte carcinoma (HepG2) cells as an indicator for liver injury. Then, the MCCAD was demonstrated for sequential drug combinatorial screening involving gradient generation of paclitaxel doses followed by treatment with aspirin doses on the viability of MCF-7 cells. The interaction between paclitaxel and aspirin was evaluated by using the Bliss independence predictive model and results showed reasonable agreement with the model. A robust, portable, easily fabricated and low cost device is therefore shown to conveniently carry out culturing of multiple cell lines for high throughput screening of anti-cancer compounds using minimal reagents.

The Critical Group of the Vertex Corona of Cycles and Complete Graphs in Industry

Self-organized criticality is an important theory widely used in various domain such as a variety of industrial accidents, power system, punctuated equilibrium in biology etc.. The Critical Group of the graph is mainly focused on the Abelian sandpile model of self-organized criticality, whose order is the number of spanning trees in the graph, and which is closely connected with the graph Laplacian matrix. In this paper, the main tools will be the computation for Smith normal form of an integer matrix, which can be achieved by the implementation of a series of row and column operations in the ring Ζ of integers. Hence, the structure of the critical group on the vertex corona is determined and it is shown that the Smith normal form is the direct sum of n (m-1)+1cyclic groups. Furthermore, it follows from Kirchooffs Matrix Tree Theorem that the number of spanning trees of the Graph is n (m+1)n (m-1).

Gap junctions of the medial collateral ligament: structure, distribution, associations and function

Ligaments are composed of two major components: cells and extracellular matrix. The cells express gap junction proteins and are arranged into a series of rows that traverse the tissue, suggesting that all the cells of the tissue are functionally interconnected. The results of our study demonstrate that medial collateral ligament (MCL) cells do not have a uniform fusiform morphology or placement along a row of cells as previously suggested, but rather display a complex placement and form that weaves within the collagen matrix in a manner that is far more extensive and complex than previously appreciated. Within this morphological context, we find that MCL cells in vivo contain functional gap junctions (verified using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) that are localized to sites of close cell-cell contact, and this pattern imparts or reflects a bipolarity inherent to each cell. When we studied ligament cells in conventional tissue culture we found that this bipolarity is lost, and the placement of gap junctions and their related proteins, as well as general cell morphology, is also altered. Finally, our study demonstrates, for the first time, that in addition to gap junctions, adherens junctions and desmosomes are also expressed by MCL cells both in vivo and in vitro and map to sites of cell-cell contact.

Structure?chemical approach to organization of information on metabolic charts

A nontraditional approach to construction of metabolic charts is proposed. It is based on the discovery of symmetry in the structure of the network of metabolic reactions. So if compounds and reactions are located on the metabolic chart according to their chemical features, the chart structure will acquire a periodic pattern. The charts thus created have a natural two-dimensional coordinate system of the metabolic network. Points on the X-axis correspond to number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of compounds in columns and points on the Y-axis correspond to number of -COOH groups in compounds filing in series of rows on the charts. As a result this coordinate system sections the field of the charts into rectangular blocks each of which containing compounds with the same numbers of carbon atoms and the same numbers of -COOH groups. The latter substantially improves the charts and makes them a more valid source of metabolic data possessing heuristic properties. The periodicity of the metabolic network structure enables us easily to remember information about biochemical reactions and their products. The charts can also be used as a universal key for any biological database information that is systematically connected with the metabolic information. The charts can be important for medicine and pharmacology because they can help to understand the metabolic processes involved in decomposition of a particular drug or to find the chain of reactions blocked or initiated by administering this drug into a living organism.

Gas Hydrate Frameworks of Allen's Polyhedra. 2. Frameworks on 3–6 and 3–5–6 Nets

The structure of two classes of water molecule frameworks built up of 512(D), 51262(T), 51263(P), and 51264(H) polyhedra is discussed. Polyhedral layers can be distinguished in the frameworks. The centers of the polyhedra belonging to a layer are at the nodes of planar networks consisting of triangular, pentagonal, and hexagonal meshes. The structure of one network determines exclusively the topology of the entire framework. Frameworks on 3–6 nets can be constructed of two types of polyhedral blocks: D3T2P2and D2T6. Frameworks on 3–5–6 nets might include both specific blocks and the blocks involved in the frameworks on 3–5 and 3–6 nets. The paper analyzes the structure of frameworks on the nets built as a series of rows, each of these rows being constructed of pentagons or hexagons exclusively. These frameworks are described by the formula (D3T2P2) x (D4H2) y (D2T6) z , where x ≥ 1, y ≥ 0, and z ≥ 0 (x, y, and z are integers). Since all known frameworks of Allen's polyhedra satisfy this formula, they can be constructed of fragments of gas hydrate lattices with the CS‐1, CS‐2, and HS‐1 structures because they are derivatives of these key structures. Similar frameworks can be constructed of other tetrahedral particles (C, Si, SiO2, etc.).

A method for rapid acquisition of data from dispersed individuals.

We have developed a data-collection system that we believe has wide applicability in dispersed organizations that have different local information systems infrastructures. A questionnaire was developed using commonly available software tools and was implemented several times across a dispersed network of individuals to rapidly collect, organize, and analyze information with a minimum of secretarial time and administrative cost. A common e-mail database was created identifying all of the medical directors and care management directors in the Blue Cross Blue Shield system. Initial polling of these individuals yielded specific questions of interest, and a final questionnaire was developed. The focus of the project centered on the evaluation of disease state management initiatives within each of the plans and on the ongoing use and future potential for various medical management initiatives. A questionnaire was developed using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet with the ultimate development of a database in mind. All of the questions, whether single or multiple answers, were mapped from question response sections to a hidden specified range created to import the flat file answer block into a database. Individual cells containing answers to questions were each mapped to a hidden area of the spreadsheet arrayed as a series of rows. As each questionnaire was returned to the central site, data was imported from the hidden range name into a Microsoft Access database. The process of collecting extensive information on a questionnaire-by-questionnaire basis took approximately 20 seconds of time per questionnaire. A final report was ultimately created composed of some 24 pages of detailed information on managed care across the participants, representing some 90% of the member organizations. Secretarial costs were needed only for final transcription of the report.

Anatomy, histology, and development of the cardiac valvular system in elasmobranchs

We report here on the anatomy, histology, and development of the three sets of cardiac valves in embryonic and adult elasmobranch fishes. The sinus venosus is the first segment of the heart to receive blood, and a pair of sinoatrial (SA) valves prevent backward flow of blood into the sinus venosus. The SA valves derive from two dorsolateral infoldings of the cardiac wall and consist of a simple endocardium covering transverse sheets rich in collagen. The SA valves are simple flaps of tissue without papillary muscles or chordae tendineae. Blood from the atrium passes the atrioventricular (AV; semilunar) valves, which are attached to papillary muscles in the ventricle by way of the chordae tendineae. A series of rows of conal or pocket valves (CV) in the conus arteriosus, equipped with chordae tendineae but no papillary muscles, prevent blood from reentering the ventricle. Chordae tendineae form in a similar fashion in both chambers. Elevations from the chamber wall emerge as a sheet covered on both surfaces with endocardium and separated by a core of connective tissue. Endocardial cells extend basal projections toward the opposing epithelium through their basal laminae. Basal cell projections make contact to create perforations that enlarge to produce spaces between the nascent chordae. Fibroblasts in the core of the chordae enlarge and strengthen the chordae by producing linear arrays of collagen fibers.

Temperature dependence of chlorine N.Q.R. frequencies in second row transition hexachlorometallates

J.E. Fergusson and D.E. Scaife (Received 14 June 1971) Several papers (1,2,3,4,5,6) have dealt with the temperature dependence of chlorine N.Q.R. frequencies in isostructural cubic compounds A2MCI6, where M is a metal of the third row transition series. Some results are also available for Cs2MoCI 6 (4) and K2PdCI 6 (7). We report here data for some other members of the second row series. The detailed data for K2TcCI 6 and K2RuCI 6 are shown in Figure 1.

On the Theraphosid Spider, Chilobrachys andersoni, from Thailand

In November 1961, the author accepted an offer of some specimens of Theraphosidae with the kind intentions of Dr. Kyuzabro Komoto, who is a Japanese medical doctor living in Hajai City of South Thailand. The spiders were all identified with Chilobrachys andersoni POCOCK, 1895, belonging to subfamily Selenocosminae, which are now found in that country. In this paper, the author has describecl scme of the form and habit of the spider, but the description of its habit is all based on the report of Dr. Komoto. One of the most interesting facts of the spider is the structure and its function of stridulating organ, which presents between the chelicera and the maxilla. The Chelicera is furnished with 6 long spines and about 50 short ones on the lower portion of the outer surface, the maxilla with about 50 vibratile baciliform bristles on the inner surface, and both are made to work on each other as a defiant attitude is assumed. The baciliform bristles of the maxilla are devided into 4 series of row, and, as a whole, the aspect resembles a lyre which is erected as 4 octarved. The author thinks that the long spikes of Chelicerae rub with the long bacilli of maxillae, and the short spines rub with the short bacilli of them, which make some kinds of sound. Therefore, at the notice of these function, the relation between spikes of chelicerae and the bacilli of maxillae is in parallel, not perpendicularly. Hereby, the author is heartily appreciated to Dr. Komoto for his sending the specimens.