Separation Of Ni2 Research Articles

Toward Sustainable Li-Ion Battery Recycling: Green Metal–Organic Framework as a Molecular Sieve for the Selective Separation of Cobalt and Nickel

The growing demand for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) has made their postconsumer recycling an imperative need toward the recovery of valuable metals, such as cobalt and nickel. Nevertheless, their recovery and separation from active cathode materials in LIBs, via an efficient and environmentally friendly process, have remained a challenge. In this work, we approach a simple and green method for the selective separation of nickel ions from mixed cobalt–nickel aqueous solutions under mild conditions. We discovered that the bioinspired microporous metal−organic framework (MOF) SU-101 is a selective sorbent toward Ni2+ ions at pH 5–7 but does not adsorb Co2+ ions. According to the Freundlich isotherm, the adsorption capacity toward Ni2+ reached 100.9 mg·g–1, while a near-zero adsorption capacity was found for Co2+ ions. Ni2+ removal from aqueous solutions was performed under mild conditions (22 °C and pH 5), with a high yield up to 96%. The presence of Ni2+ ions adsorbed on the surface of the material has been proven by solid-state 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, the separation of Ni2+ from Co2+ from binary solutions was obtained with approximately 30% yield for Ni2+, with a near-zero adsorption of Co2+, which has been demonstrated by UV–vis spectroscopy. The ion adsorption process of Ni2+ and Co2+ ions was additionally studied by means of classical molecular dynamics calculations (force fields), which showed that the Ni2+ ions were more prone to enter the MOF canals by replacing some of their coordinated water molecules. These results offer a green pathway toward the recycling and separation of valuable metals from cobalt-containing LIBs while providing a sustainable route for waste valorization in a circular economy.

Separation/enrichment of Nickel(II) using Potassium Bromide-PAN-Phenolphthalein System

Separation/enrichment of nickel( II) using potassium bromide-PAN-phenolphthalein system is reported. Various factors affecting the separation/enrichment of nickel( II) are studied, the separation/enrichment of nickel( II) mechanism is deduced. The results show that by contolling pH 6.0, the chelate precipitate of Ni( II)- PAN formed form nickel( II) and PAN could be adsorbed on the surface of microcrystalline phenolphthalein to form liquid-solid phases with a clear interface under the best conditions, while Mn2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ are not adsorbed in this condition. So, the separation of Ni2+ form these metal ions is achieved. The method for the separation/enrichment of trace nickel is established. This method was applied to the quantitative separation/enrichment of trace Ni2+ in synthetic water, and the results are satisfactory.

Magnetic dispersive micro-solid phase extraction merged with micro-sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry using (Zn-Al LDH)-(PTh/DBSNa)-Fe3O4 nanosorbent for effective trace determination of nickel(II) and cadmium(II) in food samples

In this work, Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (Zn-Al LDH) combined with polythiophene (PTH)/sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) and Fe3O4 was synthesized and used in a centrifugeless ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro solid phase extraction (UA-D-μSPE) technique for pre-concentration and separation of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions. The final analysis of the analytes was carried out by the micro sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry (MS-FAAS). The influences of several effective analytical parameters, including pH value, amount of nanosorbent, sonication time, and eluent volume, on the extraction efficiency were studied by experimental design method. In the optimal conditions, the linearity ranges of 5–300 and 2.5–100 ng mL−1 for the Ni2+and Cd2+ ions were attained, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) of the method were 1.3 and 0.7 ng mL−1 for the Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions, respectively. The proposed method demonstrated to be suitable for concurrent extraction of studied metals in various vegetable and meat samples with high accuracy and enrichment factors.

Separation of Ni2+ from ammonia solution through a supported liquid membrane impregnated with Acorga M5640

Separation of Ni2+ from ammonia/ammonium chloride solution using a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane (SLM) impregnated with Acorga M5640 in kerosene was investigated. The fundamental experimental variables influencing Ni2+ transport, such as ammonia concentration, carrier concentration, H2SO4 concentration in the stripping solution, stirring speed, and initial Ni2+ concentration were studied. Almost all of Ni2+ was transported from the feed to the stripping phase after 18 h of operation with a permeability coefficient of 9.28 × 10−6 m s−1 under optimum conditions: stirring speed of 1000 rpm in both phases, 20 vol.% Acorga M5640 as the carrier, 1.70 mmol L−1 Ni2+ in the feed phase and 0.10 mol L−1 H2SO4 in the stripping phase. The flux value of Ni2+ was 15.82 × 10−6 mol m−2 s−1. Additionally, the influences of temperature and ultrasound on flux were examined, and results indicated that higher temperature and ultrasonic assistance improved transport of Ni2+ through the SLM. Selective separation of nickel from cobalt in an ammonia/ammonium chloride solution was also achieved through SLM. The stability of the SLM was examined on a continuous run mode and satisfactory stability of the nickel permeation was observed for 84 h (7 runs).

Preparation of a novel modified ceramic membrane for removal of nickel ions from aqueous phase

AbstractA novel modified ceramic membrane (CM‐SiO2‐A) has been prepared with the depositing and grafting technologies for removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solutions. Firstly, the silica was deposited onto the surface of initial ceramic membrane (CM) by using the in situ hydrolysis deposition method and activated to obtain the silanol groups. Then, 3‐[2‐(2‐aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl‐trimethoxysilane was grafted onto the silica layer to obtain the CM‐SiO2‐A. The CM‐SiO2‐A was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Further, the change of water flux and separation of Ni2+ were studied by using the modified membrane. Results showed that the water flux of CM‐SiO2‐A was decreased by 84.79% compared with the CM. The CM‐SiO2‐A had a much higher total rejection rate of Ni2+ (77.24%) than that of the un‐grafted membrane (1.02%) at initial Ni2+concentration of 10 mg/L and exhibits the potential for separation of low concentration of Ni2+ from aqueous solutions. Copyright © 2015 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Preparation of thermosensitive, calix[4]arene incorporated P(NIPAM‐co‐HBCalix) hydrogel as a reusable adsorbent of nickel(II) ions

ABSTRACTA calix‐conjugated thermo‐responsive hydrogel containing 15% tetra(5‐hexenyloxy)‐p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene (HBCalix), P(NIPAM‐co‐HBCalix), was used to remove nickel(II) ions from water. Both thermo‐sensitive properties and the Ni2+‐adsorption capabilities of the prepared P(NIPAM‐co‐HBCalix) hydrogels are investigated. Introduction of the monomer HBCalix considerably enhanced the adsorption of Ni2+ onto the hydrogel by chelation between hexenyloxy groups and metal ion. When HBCalix units capture Ni2+ and forms HBCalix/Ni2+ host–guest complexes, the lower critical solution temperature of the hydrogel shifts to a higher temperature due to both the repulsion between charged HBCali/Ni2+ groups and the osmotic pressure within the hydrogel. Adsorption studies were carried out by varying contact time, counter ion and initial concentration of Ni2+. The evaluation of adsorption properties showed that the hydrogel exhibited better correlation with Langmuir isotherm model. P(NIPAM‐co‐HBCalix) could be used repeatedly with little loss in adsorption capacity by simply changing the environmental temperature. This kind of ion‐recognition hydrogel is promising as a novel adsorption material for adsorption and separation of Ni2+ ions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2401–2408

The separation of nickel(II) from base metal ions using 1-octyl-2-(2′-pyridyl)imidazole as extractant in a highly acidic sulfate medium

In this study, 1-octyl-2-(2′-pyridyl)imidazole (OPIM), along with dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (DNNSA) as a synergist, was investigated as a potential selective extractant of Ni2+ from base metals in a solvent extraction system using 2-octanol/Shellsol 2325 (4:1) as a diluent and modifier, respectively. The separation of Ni2+ from the borderline and hard acids; Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ was carried out at a pH range of 0.5–3.5 in sulfate and sulfate/chloride media. The separation of Ni2+ from Co2+ in 0.001M solutions was achieved with an optimised concentration of 0.025M OPIM along with 0.02M DNNSA to the tune of a ∆pH½≈1.6. The extraction system further proved the rejection of 0.001M Fe3+, Mn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+. The absence of DNNSA resulted in very low extraction efficiencies of the Ni2+ metal ions in the pH range under investigation, thus highlighting the role of the synergist (DNNSA). The three-stage counter-current extraction of Ni2+, at the optimised pH of 1.89, from a synthetic mixture of Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+, yielded 99.01 (±1.79)%. The total co-extracted Cu2+ was 48.72 (±0.24)% of the original quantity in the mixture, and it was 19.85 (±0.28%) for Co2+. The co-extracted Cu2+ was scrubbed off from the loaded organic phase at pH≈8.5 by using an ammonium buffer, while co-extracted Co2+ was selectively and quantitatively stripped with H2SO4 at pH 1.64. The total recovery of Ni2+ by stripping at pH 0.32 was 94.05 (±1.70)%. The underlying chemistry in this extraction system was studied through solid state/solution studies for the complexation of the ligand with the base metals, and it is apparent from the qualitative/semi-quantitative data that the separations achieved are of kinetic origin rather than thermodynamic, nor are they being driven by stereochemical preferences. Therefore, 1-octyl-2-(2′-pyridyl)imidazole can be effectively utilized alongside DNNSA as a co-extractant in the separation of Ni2+ from base metals in acidic sulfate and sulfate/chloride media.

New TLC System for Simultaneous Separation of Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Ions from Acidic and Ammoniacal Solutions

A new layer material consisting of stannic arsenate gel mixed with silica gel G was developed and utilized for normal-phase and reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of metal ions. The analytical potential of tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) as impregnant as well as eluent has been exploited. Separation of coexisting nickel, cobalt, and iron ions from acidic and ammoniacal solutions on stannic arsenate silica gel G (10:1 w/w) mixed sorbent layers impregnated with 0.2-M tri-n-butylphosphate in acetone and 1.0 M KSCN–5.0 M HCl–1.0 M NaCl (8:1:1) mobile phase is obtained. Effect of pH of sample, loading amount of analyte, and the presence of amines, phenols, and anions on the separation of Ni2+ from Co2+ was carried out to optimize the experimental conditions. The identification and separation of Ni2+, Co2+, and Fe3+ from distilled water, seawater, industrial wastewater, high-speed steel sample, and geological samples was achieved.

Aspects of the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts by impregnation

Some aspects of impregnating supports to produce heterogeneous catalysts have been considered for silica-supported samples: (i) the ease of determining the point of “incipient wetness” of the support, (ii) the reactivity of the support in aqueous solution and (iii) the separation of Ni2+ and Cu2+ when impregnated onto the silica from aqueous and alcoholic solutions.

Synthetic Inorganic Ion-Exchange Materials. XXII. Distribution Coefficients and Possible Separation of Transition Metals on Crystalline Antimonic(V) Acid as a Cation-Exchanger

Abstract Cation-exchange distribution coefficients with crystalline antimonic(V) acid (C-SbA) are presented for the transition metals in nitric acid solution at different concentrations. The affinity series (Ni2+ < Mn2+ < Zn2+ < Co2+ < Cu2+ << Cd2+) was found for microquantities of the transition metals. On the basis of the distribution coefficients, the effective separation of Ni2+ or Cd2+ from Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been achieved with a small column (2.0 ± 0.4 cm i.d.) of the C-SbA.

Separation of Nickel and Cobalt by Electrodialysis Using Ion-Exchange Membranes in the Presence of EDTA

Abstract Electrodialytic separation of Ni2+ and Co2+ cations has been realized by using ion-exchange membranes in the presence of EDTA by preferentially complexing Ni2+(Ni2+ concentration = EDTA concentration). The degree of complexation is calculated as a function of the pH and of the concentration by using data taken from the literature. Due to a systematic study of the influence of the different separation parameters (nature of the membranes, flow rate, electric current intensity, pH), the conditions_of_separation have been optimized on a computer, and then pure solutions of nickel and cobalt ions have been obtained experimentally. The decomplexation of Ni2+ is accomplished in acidic medium by cooling.