• An efficient and reagent-free EAPS-MF system was developed for water softening. • A hydrophilic PTFE membrane was used as the separation medium in electrolysis cell. • The Ti microfilter with membrane cleaning by anodic polarization was used for CaCO 3 interception. • CaCO 3 precipitation rate was 349 g h −1 m −2 at 100 A m −2 with energy consumption of 1.88 kWh kg −1 . Although the electrochemical water softening in the divided cell has been proven capable of avoiding the requirement of high working electrode surface area, its industrial application is seriously constrained by the fouling of the ion exchange membrane and the lack of an environmentally friendly liquid–solid separation method. In this study, an energy-efficient and reagent-free electrochemically accelerated precipitation and microfiltration combined system (EAPS-MF) was developed for water softening. In typical operation mode A, the electrolysis cell divided by a polytetrafluoroethylene microfiltration membrane (PMM), allowing for the simultaneous production of alkaline and acidic effluents. The alkaline effluent was fed directly into the crystallizer for the formation of CaCO 3 crystals, which were intercepted by a Ti tubular microfilter. The filtrate was then blended with acidic effluent to further reduce water scaling potential by removing the residual alkalinity. In this system, the precipitation rate raised from 97.5 to 348.8 gCaCO 3 h −1 m −2 by elevating current density from 20 to 100 A m −2 , accompanying the increased specific energy consumption from 0.68 to 1.88 kWh (kgCaCO 3 ) −1 or from 0.044 to 0.44 kWh m −3 water treated. The Ti tubular membrane fouling was mainly caused by the accumulation of CaCO 3 cake on its surface, which existed in the predominant type of calcite and marginal type of vaterite. Interestingly, the fouled Ti tubular membrane could be recovered completely within 5 min just by periodically anodic polarization at a current density of 200 A m −2 without production of wasted cleaning brine. Generally, the established EAPS-MF system exhibited significant prospects in promoting the applications of the electrochemical softening process in diverse industrial areas.