Separate Subject Research Articles

Availability and affordability of alcohol and tobacco products for the population: results of a pilot study in the Sverdlovsk Oblast

Aim. To analyze the availability and affordability of alcohol and tobacco outlets using the specialized software developed by the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine in the pilot subject of the Russian Federation — the Sverdlovsk Oblast.Material and methods. For the first time, experts from the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine conducted a pilot study to assess the actual state of the infrastructure of a separate subject of the Russian Federation (Sverdlovsk Oblast). The study objects were the urban infrastructure elements in which alcohol and tobacco products are sold. In order to assess the infrastructure, special software was developed using Open Street Maps to perform data collection tasks. The infrastructure data collection for the pilot study took place from January to March 2022.Results. The total number of tobacco outlets is 299, most of which are located in supermarkets (82,6%, n=247). The share of individual tobacco outlets accounts for 13,7% (n=41). Out of 357 supermarkets, 247 (69%) have tobacco sales section. The average lowest price of a cigarette pack is 121,6±15,7 RUB (minimum — 30 RUB, maximum — 207 RUB). Twentyseven (10,9%) of 247 supermarkets located <100 m from educational institutions carry tobacco products. The minimum distance is 64 m. There are 449 alcohol outlets in total, most of them are located in supermarkets — 57,0% (n=256). Individual alcohol outlets account for 40,8% (n=183). Out of 357 supermarkets, 256 (71,7%) have alcohol sales section. Out of 158 individual alcohol outlets, vodka is available in 101 (63%) outlets, wine — in 112 (68,3%) out of 162 outlets, beer — in 112 (68,3%) out of 164 outlets, alcoholic cocktails — in 71 (45,2%) out of 57 outlets. The average lowest selling price of vodka is 255,9±62,2 RUB (minimum — 230 RUB), wine — 180,2±89,3 RUB (minimum — 110 rubles), beer — 51,2±15,5 RUB (minimum — 33 rubles), alcoholic cocktails — 58,9±15,4 RUB (minimum — 37 rubles). In addition, 27 (10,5%) of 256 supermarkets with a liquor section (minimum distance of 64m) are located <100 m from educational institutions, as well as 10 (5,4%) out of 183 individual stores specializing in the alcohol sale (minimum distance of 50 m).Conclusion. The results obtained with the help of the developed tool can be used as arguments for strengthening monitoring of compliance and making changes to the current legislation that restricts the availability of tobacco and alcohol products. The use of the developed tool will make it possible using evidence to make informed decisions in the development and implementation of public health programs at the municipal level.

Building Capacity dalam Pendidikan Anti Korupsi

An educational institution's success depends on its anti-corruption approach. This study's goal is to explain how the Corruption Eradication Commission's (KPK) strategy can be used to incorporate anti-corruption values into the academic curriculum. This study employs library research, which is research whose research objectives are discovered using a variety of library information (books, encyclopedias, scientific journals, newspapers, magazines, and documents). According to the study, the Corruption Eradication Commission's (KPK) achievement in preventing and harshly punishing corrupt individuals on Indonesian soil is evidence of the effectiveness of the anti-corruption policy. Several alternative models that can be used to instill anti-corruption values in schools include models as separate subjects, integrated models in all subjects, models outside of the classroom, models of culture and habituation of values in all school activities and atmosphere, and finally the combined model.

Research Methods of Theatrical Costume: Ukrainian Experience

The purpose of the article includes the theoretical context of theatrical costume research. After all, correctly selected and systematically organised methods provide a scientific basis, and therefore success in discourse. Classical methods of art history that arose in the 19th century were chosen in order to realise the outlined goal. Those methods to nowadays have not lost their relevance, namely, formal-stylistic, iconographic, and iconological since we were interested in the possibility of their application for the study of stage costume. The methods used in the article were primarily aimed to identify a common algorithm in the study of a separate narrow subject of research. By applying the historical-comparative and typological approaches to the above-mentioned methods, their universal possibilities were revealed, and thus the undiscovered potential in the process of performing the analysis of theatrical costume. The novelty of the article is evidenced by the theoretical elaboration of the content of each of the three specified methods, supported by historical facts-examples from the history of the costumes of performances staged in different years in Ukraine. The conclusions of the study are based on the step-by-step application of the three specified methods of classical art history for the analysis of theatrical costumes and the performance. The formal analysis gives a comprehensive description of the costume in its components, colour, silhouette, and architecture. Iconography opens up opportunities for classification as an elementary arrangement of concepts, motifs, and themes. Iconology allows to extend the classification scale to typological and take the next step through synchronic or diachronic contextuality.
 Key words: theatrical costume, art history, formal-stylistic method, iconography, iconology.

STRATEGY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: THE EFFECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF SMART MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES

The socio-economic effects from the introduction of smart manufacturing technologies are of significant interest in terms of their generalisation and systematisation at the current stage of the digital transformation on industrial enterprises, as well as the objectives in the context of industrial modernization and new business model development. The proposed systematisation is based on the allocation of three groups of socio-economic effects according to the main direction of their action. The first group of effects primarily leads to reduction in the costs of industrial enterprises. The second group of effects leads mainly to an increase in revenues: some effects to a greater extent in the short and medium term, others in the long term, including through the creation of long-term distinctive capabilities, unique competencies, and sustainable competitive advantages for industrial companies. The third group of effects includes social and economic effects that are broader in focus and have a multiplicative effect, as well as the character of positive externalities (external effects).As a result of systematisation, the author identified in three groups, respectively, 12, 8 and 13 effects from the implementation of the complex of smart manufacturing technologies. The author stresses the particular importance of studying the socio-economic effects from the implementation of smart manufacturing technologies, since many improvements at the intersection of production and social transformation are currently insufficiently studied. It contrasts to the core production effects, many of which have been studied in sufficient detail by the scientific and expert communities. Systematisation, classification, differentiation and quantitative assessment of various socio-economic effects of the complex of smart manufacturing technologies can and even in a certain sense should (in the context of the tasks to modernise the economy and industries of the Russian Federation) become a separate subject area at the intersection of performance management and smart production.

DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF PRIMARY DISABILITY IN ELDERLY PERSONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN FOR THE PERIOD 2016-2020

Background.Disability indicators are an indicator of the health of the population, characterizing the effectiveness of ongoing preventive measures. The authors analyzed the indicators of primary disability in the elderly in a separate subject of the Russian Federation.
 Aim. Analysis of the dynamics of primary disability of the elderly in the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2016-2020.
 Material and methods.The object of the study was data on primary disability according to the form of state statistical observation No. 7-Sobes for the period 2016-2020. Results. For 2016-2020 in the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the age structure of the population, the number of elderly people increased by 9.9%. The proportion of persons recognized as disabled for the first time among the elderly examined increased from 89.5% to 95.0%. The average level of primary disability for men is 2.1 times higher than for women. In the structure of primary disability of the elderly, the leading places were occupied by malignant neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system. The proportion of disabled people of group I is 1.7 times higher than among the working-age population.
 Conclusion.In general, over a five-year period, there was a decrease in the level of primary disability among the adult population by 7.7%, able-bodied by 12.0% and older than working age by 11.9%. There is a tendency to increase the severity of disability groups due to an increase in the proportion of disabled people of group I (from 22.2% to 25.4%). Among the elderly disabled, the proportion of disabled people of group I is 1.7 times higher than in the working-age population (23.60.47 versus 13.60.11; p0.001).

Families of migrants from post-Soviet states: between homeland and Russia

The article is based on sociological surveys conducted in spring 2017 and autumn 2020. It examines the intra-family relations of migrants who came to Russia from the post-Soviet countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine). Particular attention is paid to the study of the life of migrants and their relatives, who, as a result of various life circumstances, found themselves separated by state borders. Migration models of the foreigners moving to Russia with their families, including minor children, are considered as well. Based on the obtained data, it was revealed that transnational communication is retained to a greater extent by foreigners who initially do not plan to change their place of residence and permanently reside in Russia. This group of migrants is more involved in the life of the extended family in the country of origin. Among all groups of migrants, visitors from the countries of Central Asia stand out. They are the ones who most often come to Russia alone, while actively building social interaction with the family left at home (they regularly communicate via mobile, and send money back home or bring it themselves). Their purpose is to earn money for a higher standard of living in their country of origin. Whereas visitors who intend to stay in Russia permanently, more often live together with their close relatives and maintain less transnational contacts. However, it should be taken into account that migrants' plans for living in Russia may change depending on life situations, changing in turn the nature of transnational interaction. Migration to Russia with minor children is considered as a separate subject, since in these conditions, migrant parents and their children are forced to face certain difficulties (for example, the inclusion of children in the Russian education system, mastering the Russian language by children, etc.), that require significant material, physical and emotional costs.

The Discursive Construction of Strategies for Implementing Anti-Corruption Education at State Islamic Higher Educational Institutions

Corruption is so pervasive in the Republic of Indonesia that it has becomea rampant conundrum in various economic, social, educational, and even religious sectors. Using discursive analysis as the research methodology with the Foucauldian paradigm, this paper aimed at identifying and describing the strategies used in the discursive construction of the implementation of anti-corruption education (Pendidikan Antikorupsi, PAK) by three State Islamic Higher Educational Institutions (Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri, PTKINs) in Aceh. Given fairness of the geographical location, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, Lhokseumawe State Islamic Institute and Teungku Dirundeng State Islamic College were selected as the research sites. The data were collected by interviewing the leaders of three PTKINs—rectors, deans, and heads of departments—through questionnaires and focus group discussions with lecturers. The findings indicate that the three PTKINs generally have strategies for implementing PAK; separate subjects, incorporating the PAK curriculum into related subjects, such as fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), and state resilience. PAK is also integrated into students' activities that take place on campus. Both internal and external factors, such as overloaded subjects in the departments and insufficient support from the community, hamper PAK at the PTKINs.

REDESIGNING LEARNING EXPERIENCES FOR ADVANCING THE LIFE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AND SUBJECT-SPECIFIC LEARNING AT THE SCHOOL STAGE: PREPARING LEARNERS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

Learners’ active involvement in the learning process led to learning experiences. Meaningful learning experiences contribute to the learners’ holistic development, i.e., improvement in skills, experiences, knowledge, etc. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis placed on the need of equipping learners with essential life skills because life skills prepare learners for their daily life. Life skills are introduced as a separate subject at CBSE schools, but integrating life skills with other school subjects is essential to prepare students for the 21st century. Conventional learning methods are widely used for the development of life skills among learners and advancement of subject-specific learning, but these methods are less potential and practical. Thus, there is a need for innovative, realistic, experiential and learner-oriented learning methods like situation-based method, activity-based method, children-led learning method, problem-based method, projects-based method, field-based method, case-based method, inquiry-based method and locality-oriented method can be used for constructing subjects cum life skills-based learning experiences. This paper provides an exemplary classroom-based activity based on problem-based method on science for the life skills development and improvement of science learning of the sixth-class learners. Proper assessment is very much needed to trace the life skills development and learning of different subjects of the learners. This paper provides a framework of life skills-guided holistic assessment. Besides these, the present paper gives prominence to learning experience, life skills development and subject-specific learning: an overview of key elements relating to school stage; need for redesigning learning experiences for the development of life skills and enhancing learning in different subjects; innovative learning methods for constructing holistic learning experiences; life skills-guided holistic assessment; and implicative measures for consideration. This paper has wide implications for constructing life skills cum subject based rich learning experiences; and assessing student’s life skills and learning regarding different subjects.

PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AS DRIVERS FOR ACTIVATING COOPERATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

The study revealed the relevance of research and development of methodological and applied principles of the toolkit of public institutes in the context of cooperation between territorial communities in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to improve the methodological and practical principles of using the tool of public institutions in Ukraine as a driver for the development of cooperation between territorial communities. The prospects for the activity of public institutions of Ukraine as drivers of cooperation between territorial communities have been determined. Public institutions are considered in a broad sense – as subjects of local self-government (bodies of self-organization of the population, associations of local self-government bodies, local public organizations) and as separate subjects of interaction with communities. A systematic presentation of the organizational and legal foundations of cooperation between territorial communities and public institutions in Ukraine allowed to confirm their limited functionality, which, as a rule, involves educational activities, mediation and mentoring of community participation in international programs. It was also confirmed that there are no stable practices of partnership between civil society institutions and local self-government bodies in Ukraine. Taking into account the limited experience of territorial communities in cooperation, special attention is paid to the need to implement projects of public institutions for the purpose of supporting the territorial community in gaining the first experience of cooperation and acquiring a grant history. Other recommendations include the implementation of projects for communities focused on socio-demographic potential, ecologically oriented projects, projects focused on increasing the financial capacity of communities with subsequent involvement of own funds in project activities. The task of state authorities is to support the development of regional partner networks through popularization of their experience, state guarantees for participation in valuable international projects. Communities themselves should stimulate the creation of local public organizations, public councils under local self-government bodies, implement the principle of “community foundation” to support the global philanthropic movement.

Desain dan Implementasi Kurikulum Muadalah di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Ciomas Bogor

This muadalah curriculum is an independent curriculum according to the boarding school that developed it, curriculum independence includes aspects in determining teaching materials, assessment systems, and learning processes. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data collection was carried out by sourced from several documents of the muadalah curriculum contained in the boarding school, as well as interviews with parties related to the muadalah curriculum, and observations of researchers with field reviews of the process of implementing the learning of the muadalah curriculum at Islamic boarding schools. Darussalam. The results of the research show that the type of curriculum design is the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, including the type of separated subject curriculum design. The subject curriculum consists of separate subjects, and "the subject is a collection of experience and knowledge organized logically and mathematically" by curriculum experts. Knowledge-centered curriculum design is designed based on the discipline structure, therefore this design model is also called the academic subject curriculum model. There are two factors that influence the implementation of the curriculum of the muadalah Islamic boarding school in Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, namely the supporting factors and the inhibiting factors. Supporting factors in the implementation of the curriculum, namely, the provision of qudwah hasanah from all boarding school stakeholders, the formation of a good environment, the competence of teachers according to their fields, teacher discipline in preparing materials, the relationship between students and supervisors, facilities and infrastructure, the boarding school environment. And the inhibiting factors are that there are still some teachers who lack mastery of the material, programs that have not been achieved, inadequate facilities, human resources in recording emissions that are not yet qualified. The solution to overcome the inhibiting factors in the "implementation of the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School curriculum, namely by determining the supervisor of the senior teacher "to provide guidance and direction, ta'hil is carried out to all teachers."

A Study on the Development of Learners in Hairdressing Using Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development

Among the hair and beauty subjects, “Upstyle practice” education is not a regular curriculum but a “separate subject” that is “opened separately by researchers” and is a subject that is not included in the national technical qualification (beautician) exam, but is cooperative learning for learners. This is because it is possible to show artistry through this, and it is judged that it is appropriate to present the development of learners because of its easy participation and high utilization, and it can be selected as a subject for research and experimental research. The purpose of this study is to promote learner development and suggest educational effects by setting scaffolding and measuring interest and learning attitudes in small-group cooperative learning of Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development Theory. In the theoretical study, as a literature review on Vygotsky's educational theory, the researcher used Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). was designed. Classes using Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development showed relatively high interest and learning attitudes compared to traditional classes. can see. In the future, it is expected that continued research will be conducted on the content of hair and beauty practice courses that can be incorporated into daily life naturally.

History education for nation-building in Ethiopia, Germany, Rwanda, South Africa, Switzerland, and USA: A comparative analysis

This study examined the role of history education for nation building in Ethiopia, Germany Rwanda, South Africa, Switzerland, and USA using a comparative research method. Student textbooks and syllabi were the main data sources. Document review was the principal data-gathering tool and the data was analysed qualitatively. Findings revealed that there are some aim and learning objectives embedded in the textbooks and syllabi to cultivate unity and patriotism, and promote democratic values that facilitate nation building. Except in the context of Rwanda and USA, in all countries national history textbooks gave more emphasis to regional and global topics than national topics. In Rwanda, South Africa, and Ethiopia centrally prescribed one-size-fits-all contents focused on national narratives that appear to intentionally overlook ethnic-narratives. After the historic genocide in Rwanda and apartheid in South Africa, history textbooks focused on peace and reconciliation, and settlement of ethnic and race-based clashes. In the United States, Switzerland, and Germany, the instructional materials’ preparation process is decentralized to regional states or cantons. Except in South Africa, virtually in all countries, history is a compulsory subject. In Ethiopia, South Africa, and Switzerland history is taught as a separate subject, where as in the remaining countries it is taught as a combined social studies subject. Vis-à-vis the pedagogy, learner-centred methods and continuous assessment techniques appeared in the curricula often. The main lessons for Ethiopia include the need to incorporate more contents that help to ensure peace and national understanding, settle ethnic-based clashes, and facilitate national integration and the nation-building process.

Multiomic Signatures of Chronic Beryllium Disease Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells Relate to T-Cell Function and Innate Immunity.

Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a Th1 granulomatous lung disease preceded by sensitization to beryllium (BeS). We profiled the methylome, transcriptome, and selected proteins in the lung to identify molecular signatures and networks associated with BeS and CBD. BAL cell DNA and RNA were profiled using microarrays from CBD (n = 30), BeS (n = 30), and control subjects (n = 12). BAL fluid proteins were measured using Olink Immune Response Panel proteins from CBD (n = 22) and BeS (n = 22) subjects. Linear models identified features associated with CBD, adjusting for covariation and batch effects. Multiomic integration methods identified correlated features between datasets. We identified 1,546 differentially expressed genes in CBD versus control subjects and 204 in CBD versus BeS. Of the 101 shared transcripts, 24 have significant cis relationships between gene expression and DNA methylation, assessed using expression quantitative trait methylation analysis, including genes not previously identified in CBD. A multiomic model of top DNA methylation and gene expression features demonstrated that the first component separated CBD from other samples and the second component separated control subjects from remaining samples. The top features on component one were enriched for T-lymphocyte function, and the top features on component two were enriched for innate immune signaling. We identified six differentially abundant proteins in CBD versus BeS, with two (SIT1 and SH2D1A) selected as important RNA features in the multiomic model. Our integrated analysis of DNA methylation, gene expression, and proteins in the lung identified multiomic signatures of CBD that differentiated it from BeS and control subjects.

Mapping the subcortical connectome using in vivo diffusion MRI: Feasibility and reliability

Tractography combined with regions of interest (ROIs) has been used to non-invasively study the structural connectivity of the cortex as well as to assess the reliability of these connections. However, the subcortical connectome (subcortex to subcortex) has not been comprehensively examined, in part due to the difficulty of performing tractography in this complex and compact region. In this study, we performed an in vivo investigation using tractography to assess the feasibility and reliability of mapping known connections between structures of the subcortex using the test-retest dataset from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). We further validated our observations using a separate unrelated subjects dataset from the HCP. Quantitative assessment was performed by computing tract densities and spatial overlap of identified connections between subcortical ROIs. Further, known connections between structures of the basal ganglia and thalamus were identified and visually inspected, comparing tractography reconstructed trajectories with descriptions from tract-tracing studies. Our observations demonstrate both the feasibility and reliability of using a data-driven tractography-based approach to map the subcortical connectome in vivo.

Smart Classroom Attendance System Using Face Recognition and Raspberry Pi

Abstract: Face detection in real-time is a component of an automated face recognition system that is also employed in the development of a separate research subject. As a result, there are a variety of ways for dealing with face detection issues. The goal of our proposed project is to detect and recognize faces, as well as to record attendance for each face. The camera connected to Raspberry pi USB port will capture the faces of students in real-time who are available in the class for face detection using Viola Jones Algorithm. The image which is captured is compared with stored images in database and then recognize the faces of every student using LBPH and according to that, attendance will be given to that class for that particular student. The details of the students are stored in MySQL database. The proposed project is being presented as a solution for the Manual Attendance Marking System. It is designed to be efficient and reliable.

Aligning Software Engineering Teaching Strategies and Practices with Industrial Needs

Several approaches have been proposed to reduce the gap between software engineering education and the needs and practices of the software industry. Many of them aim to promote a more active learning attitude in students and provide them with more realistic experiences, thus recreating industry software development environments and collaborative development and, in some cases, with the involvement of companies mainly acting as potential customers. Since many degree courses typically offer separate subjects to teach requirements engineering, analysis and design, coding, or validation, the integration of all these phases normally necessitates experience in a project context and is usually carried out in a final year project. The approach described in this article benefits from the close involvement of a software house company which goes beyond the common involvement of a potential customer. Students are integrated into distributed teams comprising students, teachers and IT professionals. Teams follow the agile Scrum methodology and use the OutSystems low-code development platform providing students with the experience of an almost real scenario. The results show that this approach complements the knowledge and practice acquired in course subjects, develops the students’ technical and non-technical skills, such as commitment, teamwork, and communication, and initiates them in the methodologies and development strategies used in these companies. The feedback from the teachers involved, software companies and students was very positive.

Importance and Maintenance of Dental Records - Are Dentists Aware? A Survey Among Private Dental Practitioners

Introduction: Forensic expertise, including dental identification and expertise in civil litigation cases related to dental malpractice and injuries mostly count on dental records. Comparison of dental data obtained from the deceased person with dental data obtained by the dentist from the person’s file is a primary method of identification through dental evidence. Material and Methodology: In all, 180 dentists participated in an online survey. Questions covered general information on dentists, maintenance of dental records, and knowledge of legal requirements and forensic odontology. Results: 66.6% of dentists said that they update patient's data on every visit. 86.6% of dentists were aware of the use of Dental records in Forensic Odontology. 89.9% of dentists were not aware of how they should present the data when asked by the legal authority whereas only 10.1% of Dentists were aware of how they are supposed to provide the data. The percentage of dentists who knew how long are they legally mandated to keep patient records showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between Bachelors of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Masters of Dental Surgery (MDS) practitioners. Conclusion: Dentists being aware of forensic odontology, still lack the information about the legal aspects of it. Forensic odontology should be included in the curriculum as a separate subject to improve knowledge at the grassroots level. The focus should also be improved towards raising the awareness among private practitioners regarding the practical aspect of forensic odontology.

Renewal of WTO law and ensuring the right to international order: modern discourse

The article analyzes the essence of the international order and lists the participants in international relations that guarantee it. The system of law of the WTO, the history of its formation and current state are separately described, the necessity of its updating is substantiated and it is offered to carry out codification of norms of law of the WTO. For this purpose the actual legal basis of activity of the WTO is investigated, the basic normative documents are resulted. It seems that some ways of solving problems of the international order by diplomatic means and by providing consultations used by the WTO were justified in the context of the global economic crisis, COVID-19 and military aggression as temporary, but should give way to rule-making and judicial mechanisms of ordering the social processes in general and international trade in particular. As the maintenance of the international order depends only in part on such a separate subject of international law as the WTO, the main goals of sustainable development are also listed, the realization of which guarantees stability in the world, which should be the basis of modern international order. It is clear that the goals of sustainable development will be realized, thus bring stability to the international order, restore harmony in nature, balance in social relations will be specific individuals and communities, so understanding the essence of current global social processes is extremely important, and this indicates the relevance of the study.
 In general, this work is based on the assertion of the importance enshrined in Art. 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of December 10, 1948, the right of everyone to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

OILADAGI ZO‘RAVONLIKLARNING OLDINI OLISH MASALALARI

This article deals with the issues related to the prevention of domestic violence. The topicality of this article is that no specific issues on the prevention of domestic violence have been analyzed, and the experience of foreign countries in this regard has not been analyzed and studied as a separate subject of study. Furthermore, the relevance of this topic is to conduct scientific and theoretical research on the prevention of domestic violence and to make corresponding proposals and recommendations in this regard. In the process of writing the article, general scientific methods have been used: a functional approach, logical, systematic, historical, comparative-legal, statistical, and sociological surveys. The results of the research will be used in the development of criminology, prevention of domestic violence, improvement of the activities of entities and improvement of the legislation in this area, as well as the development of measures to prevent domestic violence. The results of the study can also be used in the organization of the activities of prevention entities in the field of application and the practice of law enforcement, in the teaching process. This article notes that domestic violence can be expressed in the illegal use of force, beatings, rape, coercion, arbitrariness and can be mainly physical or mental. In addition, it analyzes the views and opinions of scholars in this regard and provides relevant recommendations for improving the theory of criminal law.

Prototype-based Domain Generalization Framework for Subject-Independent Brain-Computer Interfaces.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is challenging to use in practice due to the inter/intra-subject variability of electroencephalography (EEG). The BCI system, in general, necessitates a calibration technique to obtain subject/session-specific data in order to tune the model each time the system is utilized. This issue is acknowledged as a key hindrance to BCI, and a new strategy based on domain generalization has recently evolved to address it. In light of this, we've concentrated on developing an EEG classification framework that can be applied directly to data from unknown domains (i.e. subjects), using only data acquired from separate subjects previously. For this purpose, in this paper, we proposed a framework that employs the open-set recognition technique as an auxiliary task to learn subject-specific style features from the source dataset while helping the shared feature extractor with mapping the features of the unseen target dataset as a new unseen domain. Our aim is to impose cross-instance style in-variance in the same domain and reduce the open space risk on the potential unseen subject in order to improve the generalization ability of the shared feature extractor. Our experiments showed that using the domain information as an auxiliary network increases the generalization performance. Clinical relevance-This study suggests a strategy to improve the performance of the subject-independent BCI systems. Our framework can help to reduce the need for further calibration and can be utilized for a range of mental state monitoring tasks (e.g. neurofeedback, identification of epileptic seizures, and sleep disorders).